JPH1137331A - Valve - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent nonconformity caused by difference in heat transfer or thermal expansion of metal and resin by forming at least a top flange of a body of a metal valve with a resin, and by placing a functionally gradient material formed through changing a component ratio of metal and resin continu ously or stepwise between a metal part and a resin part. SOLUTION: As a top flange part 2 to which a control device is attached is made of a resin, a low or a high temperature of a body is not transferred to the control device, and there is no heat transfer through a fastening bolt for connecting the control device to the resin top flange part 2. Thus, the control device will not freeze, become inoperable or cause dew condensation to rust. Moreover, as a connecting member 3 of a functionally gradient material formed by metal and resin is used between the resin top flange part 2 and a metal yoke part 1, a difference of thermal expansion is smoothly absorbed. As no excessive internal stress is generated, damage will not occur even when used for a long time at a high temperature, or high and low temperatures are repeated.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a valve, and more particularly to a valve which can be used for low-temperature applications for preventing dew condensation and also for high-temperature water.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a valve used for low-temperature applications, when the temperature of an operating device becomes low, the operating device freezes, making it difficult to operate, or dew forms on the operating device to form rust. Soil the insulation and worsen the working environment. In addition, if the temperature of the operating device is increased by using high-temperature water, the operation becomes difficult.

In order to prevent this, conventionally, a heat insulating material is interposed between the operating device and a top flange to which the operating device is mounted, a structure in which the top flange is coated with a resin by using a metal core as a metal, The top flange was connected to a metal yoke. In this case, it was a fact that almost no measures were taken against heat conduction through the stem.

[0004]

In the above-described method of sandwiching the heat insulating material, heat conduction between the mounting seats can be prevented, but heat conduction through the fastening bolt is required, and measures for preventing this are troublesome. Tend to be incomplete. Also, the method of coating resin with metal as a core metal is expensive and has drawbacks in strength.The method of connecting the top flange of the resin to the yoke of the metal has a difference in thermal expansion between the two. The structure was large and could not be press-fitted from the viewpoint of strength, and was easily damaged.

[0005] Further, the stem also needs some heat insulation measures, and development of this point has been desired. A valve and a stem according to the present invention are for solving the problems of the above-described conventional valve and valve stem.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned object.
I did the following: That is, at least the top flange of the body of the metal valve is formed of a resin, and a functionally graded material formed by continuously or stepwise changing the component ratio of the metal and the resin between the metal portion and the resin portion. Was interposed.

In this case, one end of the connecting member made of the above-described functionally graded material having one end made of metal and the other end made of resin is press-fitted into the metal part on the body side, and the other end is pressed into the resin part on the top flange side. It may be connected by adhesion, heat fusion, or the like, and the other end of the connection member is integrally molded with the top flange side of the resin by injection molding, and one end is pressed into a metal part on the body side, screwed, bonded, or the like. You may connect.

Further, the connection member and the top flange side may be integrally fired and formed, and one end of the metal portion may be press-fitted, screwed, bonded, or the like to the metal portion on the body side. Further, the connection member is preferably protected by a metal part on the body side.

The above resin is preferably an engineering plastic, and this resin is preferably a reinforced resin mixed with fibers such as glass and carbon. The body material of the metal valve is copper alloy, cast iron, steel, stainless steel,
Any of ductile iron or the like or a coating thereof may be applied, and the above-mentioned valve is preferably a ball valve or a butterfly valve.

A heat insulator is provided in the middle of the yoke portion of the valve body, and between the heat insulator and the metal portion on the top flange side, and between the heat insulator and the metal portion or the resin portion on the body side, respectively. A functionally graded material formed by changing the component ratio of metal and resin continuously or stepwise was interposed.
In this case, the heat insulating material is a resin material or a ceramic such as silicon carbide.

Further, the top flange side and the body side are formed of different resin materials, and the slope formed by changing the metal / resin component ratio between the top flange side and the body side continuously or stepwise. Functional materials were interposed. In this case, the top flange portion is an engineering plastic containing glass fiber, the yoke portion on the body side is a resin material such as polyethylene, vinyl chloride, polypropylene, or polybutene, and the top flange portion and the functionally gradient material are injection-molded. At the same time, the yoke portion on the body side and the connection member formed of the functionally graded material are bonded or fused.

Next, in the stem, a functionally graded material formed by changing the component ratio of metal and resin continuously or stepwise is interposed between the upper and lower parts. In this case, the upper part is preferably formed of resin and the lower part is formed of metal.The upper part and lower part are formed of metal, and the functionally graded material described above is provided with a resin layer in the middle and metal and resin on both sides thereof. Is continuously or stepwise changed toward the metal parts at both ends to form a functionally graded material.

In the valve of the present invention, since the top flange for mounting the operating device in the body of the metal valve is made of resin, the low or high temperature of the body is not transmitted to the operating device.
Further, since the tightening bolt connecting the operating device to the resin top flange is not in contact with the metal part of the body, there is no heat conduction through the tightening bolt. For this reason, it is difficult for the operation device to freeze due to icing, the operation device may condense and form rust, the moisture may contaminate the thermal insulation coating of the valve piping, and the working environment may be deteriorated. Absent.
In addition, the temperature of the operating device is raised to a high temperature by using high-temperature water, so that it is not difficult to operate.

Further, since the functionally gradient material composed of metal and resin is interposed between the resin portion on the top flange side and the metal portion on the body side, the difference in thermal expansion between the resin and the metal is smoothly absorbed. It does not cause excessive internal stress and does not break even when used at a high temperature for a long period of time or repeatedly at a low temperature and a high temperature.

One end of the functionally graded material is connected to the metal on the body side and the other end is connected to the resin on the top flange side. These connections are metal-to-metal connections. , So it can be easily connected by press-fitting, screwing, bonding, etc. on either side,
Connection is extremely easy. Further, since the connection is made of the same material or the same material, the connection is not damaged by heat.

Further, as for the connection between the functionally graded material and the top flange side, in addition to methods such as press-fitting, screwing, bonding, etc., a method of joining by a heat fusion method or a method of integrally injection molding the top flange and a method of forming the top flange. A method has been proposed in which a flange and a functionally graded material are integrally fired and molded. By such a method, the valve of the present invention can be easily manufactured.

Further, when the connecting member formed of the functionally graded material is protected by the metal part on the body side, breakage due to external impact can be prevented.

In this case, the resin to be used is suitably an engineering plastic, and a reinforced resin in which fibers such as glass and carbon are mixed is preferable because of its toughness.
The metal valve body material is copper alloy, cast iron, steel,
Any of stainless steel, ductile iron and the like are suitable, and those coated with these are also suitable. Ball valves and butterfly valves are suitable valves for the present invention.

If the upper and lower parts of the stem are insulated by a functionally graded material, the low or high temperature on the body side is transmitted to the operating device through the stem, and ice or dew is formed on the operating device. It does not become.

When the upper part of the stem is made of resin, a functionally graded material having one end made of metal and the other end made of resin may be used. If the upper part is made of metal, a resin layer is provided in the middle and both ends are made of metal. A functionally graded material, which is a metal, is required, which allows for thermal insulation and absorption of the difference in thermal expansion.

[0021]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. 1 and 9 are partial longitudinal sectional views showing an embodiment of the present invention, in which 1 is a yoke portion which is a metal portion of the metal valve, 2 is a top flange portion which is a resin portion, and 3 is a metal portion. This is a connection member formed using a functionally graded material formed by changing the component ratio with resin in a stepwise manner.

FIG. 9 shows a metal part 3a having a thickness necessary for press-fitting, screwing or bonding, while a resin part 3e is formed.
Has a thickness necessary for heat fusion, and in the case of heat fusion, a heater plate is applied between the resin portion 3e and the top flange 2, and after heating for a predetermined time, the heater plate is immediately removed. And the top flange 2 are brought into close contact with each other at a predetermined pressure for a predetermined time.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged partial longitudinal sectional view for explaining the manufacturing method of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, wherein the yoke portion 1, the connecting member 3, and the top flange portion 2 are not connected. It is shown separated. An appropriate space is provided at the connection site to allow for thermal contraction of the member. The yoke portion 1 is formed by cutting a top flange portion of an ordinary metal valve or a metal material having no top flange portion made for the present valve, and has a connection portion 1a. The top flange 2 is formed of resin, and has a connection 2a formed thereon.

The connecting members 3 are 3a, 3b, 3c, 3
d, 3e, the component ratio of metal to resin is 10
0/0, 75/25, 50/50, 25/75, 0/1
It is made by using a functionally graded material formed by blending and filling metal and resin powders into a mold so as to obtain 00, compression-molding the mixture, and firing the mixture.

The metal portion 3a of the connecting member 3 is press-fitted, screwed into the connecting portion 1a of the yoke portion 1, and the resin portion 3e of the connecting member 3 is connected to the connecting portion 2a of the top flange portion 2.
The connection is made by bonding or the like to form as shown in FIG. 1. In this embodiment, the metal-to-metal connection is press-fitted, and the resin-to-resin connection is bonding using an adhesive.

FIG. 3 is a partial longitudinal sectional view showing another embodiment of the valve of the present invention. As in the case of FIG. 1, a yoke portion 1 which is a metal portion and a top flange portion which is a resin portion. 2 and a connecting member 3 formed using a functionally graded material. FIG. 4 is an enlarged partial longitudinal sectional view for explaining how to make the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, and the yoke 1 is the same as that in FIG. The connection member 3 is made in the same manner as in the case of FIG. 2. After being formed into the shape shown in FIG. 2, the connection member 3 is mounted in an injection mold, and resin is injected into the injection mold so that the top flange portion 2 is integrated with the connection member 3. Mold so that
That is, the top flange portion 2 which is a resin portion is fused to the connection member 3, and in particular, is completely fused and integrated with the resin portion 3e.

FIG. 5 is an external view of the top flange portion 2 and the connecting member 3 integrated in this manner. The metal portion 3a is press-fitted into the connecting portion 1a of the yoke portion 1 for connection. Then, the state shown in FIG. 3 is obtained.

FIG. 6 is a partial longitudinal sectional view showing still another embodiment of the valve of the present invention, in which a resin top flange portion 2 and a connection member 2 of a functionally gradient material made of resin and metal are integrated. Baking to form the top part 4 and the metal part 4
a is press-fitted into the connecting portion 1a of the yoke 1. The top part 4 is 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e in the figure.
Is a component having a metal / resin component ratio of 100/0,
Metal and resin powders are compounded and filled in a mold so as to be 75/25, 50/50, 25/75, 0/100, compression-molded, and fired. In this case, when the actuator is mounted, if the top flange is made of metal, the mounting screws can be shortened from the viewpoint of strength.

FIG. 7 is a partial longitudinal sectional view showing still another embodiment of the valve of the present invention, and FIG. 8 is an enlarged partial longitudinal sectional view for explaining the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 and 2, the connecting member 3 formed in the same manner as in FIGS. 1 and 2 is bonded to the connecting portion 2a of the top flange portion 2 with an adhesive, and the connecting member 3 is also connected to the connecting portion 1a of the yoke portion 1.
Press fit. In this embodiment, the connecting portion 1a is formed deep, and the connecting member 3 formed of the functionally graded material is protected by a part 1b of the yoke 1 made of metal.

FIG. 10 shows a heat insulator 20 provided in the middle of the yoke 1 of the valve body, between the heat insulator 20 and the metal part on the top flange 2 side, and between the heat insulator 20 and the metal part 3a on the body 1 side. Alternatively, the valve has a connecting member 3 which is a functionally graded material formed by continuously or stepwise changing the component ratio of the metal and the resin between the resin portion 3e and the resin portion 3e. In this case, the heat insulating material 20 is a resin material or a ceramic such as silicon carbide. Since it is difficult to process ceramics, it is provided in the middle of the yoke portion 1 and a metal that is easily processed is used for the top flange 2.

FIG. 11 shows that the top flange 2 side and the body 1 side are formed of different resin materials.
A connecting member 3 which is a functionally graded material formed by changing the component ratio of the material of the top flange portion 2 and the material of the body 1 continuously or stepwise between the side and the body 1 side. The top flange portion 2 is made of engineering plastic containing glass fiber, and the body side yoke portion 1 is made of a resin material such as polyethylene, vinyl chloride, polypropylene, or polybutene. The top flange portion 2 and the functionally gradient material are injection-molded. At the same time, the yoke portion 1 on the body side and the connection member 3 formed of a functionally graded material are bonded or fused. Alternatively, the yoke portion 1 and the functionally graded material may be integrally formed by injection, and the top flange portion 2 and the connecting member 3 may be bonded or fused. In the above case, when the actuator is mounted, if the top flange is made of metal, the mounting screws can be shortened in view of strength.

In any of the embodiments described above, the resin is preferably an engineering plastic filled with a reinforcing material such as carbon fiber or glass fiber, and the metal is copper alloy, cast iron, steel, stainless steel, ductile. Any of iron and the like may be used, and these may be coated. Further, when the valve is a ball valve or a butterfly valve, it is particularly easy to apply.

Next, FIG. 12 is an external view showing an embodiment of the stem of the present invention.
The lower part 7 is made of metal. During this time, the component ratio between the metal and the resin in each part of 8a, 8b and 8c is set to 0/10 in order.
0, 25/75, 50/50, 75/25, 100/0
The functionally graded material 8 described above was interposed. In this case, in the case of a large stem, the connection with the upper part 6 and the lower part 7 is performed by press fitting,
It is preferable to join by means such as welding and bonding.

FIG. 13 is an external view showing another embodiment of the stem of the present invention.
Is also made of metal, between which there is a resin layer in the middle, on both sides of which a functionally graded material 12 formed by changing the ratio of metal to resin continuously or stepwise toward the metal alone is interposed. . The connection between the upper part 10 and the lower part 11 is L-shaped as shown in the figure to prevent the functionally graded material 12 from being damaged by the rotational force of the stem.

Next, with respect to the embodiment described above,
The operation will be described. As in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1, 3, 6 and 7, the valve of the present invention has a resin in which the top flange portion 2 for mounting the operating device is made of resin. The tightening bolt that connects the operating device to the resin top flange 2 is
Since there is no contact with the metal part of the body, there is no heat conduction through the tightening bolt.

For this reason, the operation device is frozen to make the operation difficult, the operation device is condensed to form rust, the moisture contaminates the heat insulating coating of the valve pipe, and the working environment is deteriorated. Never do. In addition, the temperature of the operating device is raised to a high temperature by using high-temperature water, so that it is not difficult to operate.

Moreover, since the connecting member 3 made of a functionally graded material made of metal and resin is used between the resin top flange portion 2 and the metal yoke portion 1, the difference in thermal expansion is smoothly absorbed, and excessively large. Since no internal stress is generated, it is not damaged even if it is used for a long time at a high temperature or is repeatedly used at a high temperature and a low temperature.

The connecting member 3 made of the functionally graded material has a yoke portion 1 made of metal at one end 3a.
And the other end 3e of the resin is connected to the top flange 2 of the resin, and the connection is made of the same material. Therefore, the connection can be easily performed by press-fitting, screwing, or bonding on any side. The connection is very easy and the connection is not damaged by heat.

Further, the connection between the connection member 3 and the top flange portion 2 is performed by pressing the top flange portion 2 into the connection member 3 as shown in FIG. Even if it is formed and connected, as shown in FIG. 6, the top flange portion 2 and the connecting member 3 may be integrally fired and formed, so that the structure of the present invention can be easily formed.

As shown in FIG. 7, when the portion 1b of the metal yoke 1 protects the portion of the connection member 3 formed of the functionally graded material, damage due to external impact can be prevented.

12 and 13, stems 5 and 9 have functionally graded materials 8 and 12 interposed between upper parts 6 and 10 and lower parts 7 and 11, respectively. The high temperature is not transmitted to the operating device, and there is no formation of ice or dew on the operating device or the high temperature. Further, since the difference in thermal expansion between the metal and the resin is smoothly absorbed and no excessive thermal stress is generated, there is no damage even when used at a high temperature for a long time or repeatedly between a high temperature and a low temperature.

In this embodiment, fusion of polybutene or the like has been described, but the invention is not limited to this.
Hard PVC, heat-resistant PVC, impact-resistant PVC,
Polypropylene, polyacetal, polyphenylene sulfide, polyetheretherketone, medium-density polyethylene for gas, low-density polyethylene for water supply, high-density polyethylene for water distribution, cross-linked polyethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, glass fiber reinforced polyester, polytetrafluoroethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene It is also applicable to the fusion of ethylene fluoride.

[0043]

As apparent from the above, according to the present invention, the following excellent effects are obtained. The operating device does not become difficult to operate due to icing, dew forms rust, and the moisture does not stain the insulation of the valves and pipes, and does not deteriorate the working environment. The operation does not become difficult.

Moreover, the heat insulating portion used for this purpose will not be damaged even if it is used at a high temperature for a long time, or repeatedly between a high temperature and a low temperature. Further, it is easy to manufacture, and only the yoke of the conventional metal valve can be economically modified. Furthermore, the stem of a valve equipped with a small actuator, for which no countermeasure against dew condensation has been taken conventionally, has an effect such that a heat insulating structure can be provided.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial longitudinal sectional view showing one embodiment of a valve of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged partial longitudinal sectional view for explaining how to make the embodiment shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a partial longitudinal sectional view showing another embodiment of the valve of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged partial sectional view for explaining how to make the embodiment shown in FIG. 3;

5 is an external view of the embodiment in which the top flange portion and the connection member in the embodiment of FIG. 3 are integrated.

FIG. 6 is a partial vertical sectional view showing still another embodiment of the valve of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a partial vertical sectional view showing still another embodiment of the valve of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is an enlarged partial longitudinal sectional view for explaining the embodiment shown in FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a partial sectional view showing an embodiment of the valve of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a partial sectional view showing another embodiment of the valve of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a partial sectional view showing another embodiment of the valve of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is an external view showing an embodiment of the stem of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is an external view showing another embodiment of the stem of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Yoke part (body) 2 Top flange part 3 Connection member (functionally gradient material) 3a One end (metal part) 3e Other end (resin part) 5, 9 Stem 6, 10 Upper part 7, 11 Lower part 8, 12 Functionally gradient material 20 Insulation

Claims (11)

[Claims] At least a top flange of a body of a metal valve is formed of a resin, and a metal / resin component ratio is continuously or stepwise changed between the metal portion and the resin portion. A valve having a functionally graded material interposed. 2. A press-fitting, screwing, and bonding one end of the connecting member formed of the functionally graded material having one end of a metal and the other end of a resin into the body-side metal portion and the other end into the top flange-side resin portion. The valve according to claim 1, wherein the valve is connected by heat fusion or the like. 3. The connection member, wherein the top flange side of the resin is integrally formed with the other end of the resin by injection molding, and one end is connected to a metal part on the body side by press-fitting, screwing, bonding or the like. Item 6. The valve according to Item 1. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the connection member and the top flange side are integrally fired and molded, and one end of the metal part is connected to the metal part on the body side by press-fitting, screwing, bonding or the like. The valve according to claim 1, wherein 5. A heat insulator is provided in the middle of the yoke portion of the valve body, and between the heat insulator and the metal portion on the top flange side and between the heat insulator and the metal portion or resin portion on the body side, respectively. A valve characterized by interposing a functionally graded material formed by changing the component ratio of metal and resin continuously or stepwise. 6. The valve according to claim 5, wherein the heat insulating material is a resin material or ceramics such as silicon carbide. 7. A slope formed by forming the top flange side and the body side with different resin materials, and changing the component ratio of metal and resin between the top flange side and the body side continuously or stepwise. A valve characterized by interposing a functional material. 8. The top flange portion is made of engineering plastic containing glass fiber, and the yoke portion on the body side is made of a resin material such as polyethylene, vinyl chloride, polypropylene, or polybutene. The valve according to claim 7, wherein the valve is molded and the connecting member molded from the functionally gradient material is bonded or fused to the yoke on the body side. 9. A valve having a stem in which a functionally graded material formed by changing the component ratio of metal and resin continuously or stepwise is interposed between an upper part and a lower part. 10. The valve according to claim 9, wherein the upper portion is formed of a resin and the lower portion is formed of a metal. 11. The method according to claim 11, wherein the upper and lower portions are formed of metal.
The above-mentioned functionally graded material is characterized in that the functionally graded material is formed by changing the ratio of metal to resin on both sides continuously or stepwise toward the metal parts at both ends with a resin layer in the middle. The valve according to claim 9,