JPH1147843A - Working machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make positioning (centering adjustment) of work piece easily executed without depending on worker's experience or technical skill in a working machine doing work through punching of work piece with upper die and lower die. SOLUTION: The working machine 21 is equipped with light emitting means 33a, 33b to project light on a positioning marker mounted on the work piece 24 and with a light detecting means (CCD camera 37 or the like) having objective lens at least on the one side among the upper die 25 and lower die 26 and detecting a marker irradiated with light by light emitting means 33a, 33b, and then, based on the marker detected by this light detecting means, positioning of the work piece is executed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a processing machine for punching and processing a workpiece, and more particularly to positioning of the workpiece.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art First, a conventional example will be described with reference to FIGS. Here, a case where a stamper for producing a compact disk (CD) as a workpiece is punched into a predetermined disk shape will be described. This involves chucking the stamper, which is the workpiece, to the mold part of the processing machine with a certain degree of accuracy, and then performing positioning (centering adjustment) work to match the center of the stamper with the center of the mold.
Then the stamper is punched out.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a processing machine as a whole, and reference numeral 2 denotes a processing machine main body. On a base 3 of the processing machine main body 2, a stamper 4 to be processed is punched into a predetermined disk shape. A pair of upper and lower molds, that is, an upper mold 5 and a lower mold 6 are provided.

The lower die 6 rests on a fixed platen 7 on the base 3, while the upper die 5 is movable vertically along a plurality of guide shafts 8 erected vertically from the fixed platen 7. Is fixed to a movable platen 9 provided at the bottom. The movable platen 9 is connected to a press device 10 provided on the upper part of the processing machine main body 2. The operation of the press device 10 causes the upper die 5 to move up and down integrally with the movable platen 9, thereby punching out the stamper 4. It has a structure.

An adjust ring 11 for centering adjustment of the stamper 4 is provided on the fixed platen 7 so as to surround the lower die 6. The adjust ring 11 rotates independently of the lower mold 6, and the center of rotation is set to be the same as the center of the mold, and the adjuster 11 is stamped on the adjust ring 11 by means such as magnetic suction or vacuum suction. 4 is chucked.

Reference numerals 12a and 12b denote micrometer heads for finely adjusting the adjust ring 11. The micrometer heads 12a and 12b are arranged in two directions orthogonal to each other, and are rotated together with the adjust ring 11. By rotating the micrometer heads 12a and 12b, only the position of the adjust ring 11 can be moved without shifting the rotation center of the adjust ring 11,
Thus, the position of the stamper 4 chucked on the adjust ring 11 is finely adjusted.

Reference numeral 13 denotes a microscope camera for photographing pits of a signal recorded on the stamper 4, and reference numeral 14 denotes a monitor for displaying the pits of the stamper photographed by the microscope camera 13. The microscope camera 13 is provided so as to be able to move in the horizontal direction in the space between the upper mold 5 and the lower mold 6, and slides the microscope camera 13 inward while the stamper 4 is chucked on the adjust ring 11. The position of the microscope camera 13 is determined and fixed so that the pit 4 is displayed on the screen of the monitor 14.

When the adjuster ring 11 is rotated in this state, the rotation of the pit 4a of the stamper 4 is displayed on the screen of the monitor 14, as shown in FIG. Here, the scale of the length on the monitor image and the actual length is calculated in advance.

Then, the adjust ring 11 is rotated,
As shown in FIG. 3A, roughly remember the position where the pit 4a is shifted to the far right of the screen of the monitor 14, and mark the position on the screen by some method (for example, attaching a tape, aligning a cursor on the screen, etc.). I do. Further, the adjust ring 11 is rotated by about 180 °, and a position where the pit 4a is shifted to the leftmost position on the screen of the monitor 14 as shown in FIG.

Then, the distance d between the right mark and the left mark is measured on the screen, and the actual distance e is calculated from the scale obtained earlier.
Is calculated. Now, on the screen of FIG. 3 (b), the pit 4a is farthest to the left, so by rotating the micrometer head, only half (e / 2) of the distance e as shown in FIG. 3 (c). If it returns to the right, the center of the stamper will coincide with the center of rotation of the adjust ring, that is, the center of the mold.

However, the problem here is that the direction of movement of the stamper by the micrometer head is not necessarily parallel to the direction in which it is desired to move. That is,
Although the micrometer heads 12a and 12b are respectively arranged in two directions orthogonal to each other, in most cases, as shown in FIG.
The movement vectors by a and 12b are not parallel. Therefore,
Figure ^{x 2 + y 2 = e 2} /4 to become such x, must be computed y.

In order to perform this calculation, the rotational phase of the adjust ring must be known. However, such calculation is often not performed, and in most cases, the adjustment is performed while looking at the screen based on the experience and intuition of the operator. It is. In this adjustment method, the error is too large, and the actual situation is that the center is finally adjusted several times by performing the above operations.

After the positioning of the stamper, that is, the centering adjustment as described above is completed, the adjuster 11
Is fixed by a plunger mechanism so that it does not move, and finally, the microscope camera 13 is pulled out, and then the press device 10 is operated, so that the upper die 5 descends and moves between the upper die 5 and the lower die 6. The stamper 4 is accurately punched.

[0014]

As described above, in stamping of a stamper, the time required for the positioning, that is, the centering adjustment, occupies most of the working time, and this time largely depends on the experience, skill and the like of the worker. I was SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in order to solve such a problem, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a processing machine which can easily position a workpiece and further improve punching work efficiency.

[0015]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a processing machine for punching and processing a workpiece with a pair of dies, that is, an upper mold and a lower mold. A light irradiating means for irradiating the positioning marker with light, and a light detecting means having an objective lens on at least one of the upper mold and the lower mold, and detecting the marker irradiated by the light irradiating means; , And the workpiece is positioned based on the marker detected by the light detecting means.

[0016]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. Here, similarly to the above-mentioned conventional example, a processing machine for punching a stamper for producing a compact disk (CD) as a workpiece into a predetermined disk shape will be described.

FIG. 5 is an overall view of a preferred embodiment of a processing machine according to the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a detailed view of a mold portion thereof. In the figure, reference numeral 21 denotes a processing machine as a whole, and reference numeral 22 denotes a processing machine main body. On a base 23 of the processing machine main body 22, a pair of upper and lower gold for punching a stamper 24 as a workpiece into a predetermined disk shape. A mold, that is, an upper mold 25 and a lower mold 26 are provided.

The lower die 26 rests on a fixed platen 27 on the base 23, while the upper die 25 is vertically movable along a plurality of guide shafts 28 vertically erected from the fixed platen 27. Is fixed to a movable platen 29 provided at the bottom. The movable platen 29 is flexibly connected to a vertically moving rod 30a of a press device 30 provided on the upper part of the processing machine main body 22, and the upper die 25 is vertically moved integrally with the movable platen 29 by the operation of the press device 30. The stamper 24 is punched.

A two-way orthogonal stage (X stage 31a and Y stage 3) for centering adjustment of the stamper 24 is mounted on a fixed platen 27 so as to surround the lower mold 26.
1b) is provided. That is, the X stage 31a is provided so as to be movable in the X direction with respect to the fixed platen 27, and the Y stage 31b is provided on the X stage 31a so as to be movable in the Y direction orthogonal to the X direction. The stamper 2 is placed on the stage 31b by means of magnetic attraction or vacuum attraction.
4 is chucked.

32a and 32b are the XY stages 31
Micrometer heads for finely adjusting a and 31b, respectively. The XY stages 31a and 31b are tensioned on the micrometer heads 32a and 32b side by spring force, respectively.
The XY stage 31 is rotated by rotating the a and 32b.
a and 31b move independently in both the pushing and pulling directions, whereby the position of the stamper 24 chucked on the Y stage 31b is finely adjusted.

The stamper 24 is provided with a positioning marker at the center thereof. In this example, this marker is formed in a circular shape, and is formed by pits similar to pits where signals are recorded.

Laser light sources 33a and 33b as light irradiating means for irradiating the center marker of the stamper 24 with light are attached to the machine body 22 in two directions orthogonal to each other. In this example, the laser light sources 33a, 33b
A semiconductor laser having a wavelength of 670 nm is used for irradiating a laser beam at a predetermined angle θ to a marker in the center of the stamper 24 to illuminate the marker. still,
As the light irradiation means, a halogen lamp, an ultraviolet lamp, or the like may be used in addition to the laser.

In the processing machine 21 of this embodiment, a light detecting means for detecting a marker irradiated with light by the laser light sources 33a and 33b is provided on the upper die 25 side. The light detection means includes an objective lens 34 incorporated in the center of the upper die 25, a lens barrel 36 as a light transmission means embedded in the movable platen 29 and having prisms 35a and 35b therein, and an imaging means. And an image of the marker of the stamper 24 illuminated with the laser light.
a and 35b to be captured by the CCD camera 37.

The signal from the CCD camera 37 is a CCD
The signal enters the camera amplifier 38 and is converted into a video signal. The signal is input to the monitor 40 via the cursor display unit 39, and the marker 24a is displayed on the screen of the monitor 40 as shown in FIG. The marker 24
Although a is formed in a circular shape as described above, in this example, it is partially illuminated only in the direction of the laser beam and looks as shown in the figure.

In the cursor display unit 39, two vertical and horizontal cursors are superimposed on the video signal from the CCD camera amplifier 38, and finally the marker 24a and the cursors H ₁ and H are displayed on the screen of the monitor 40 as shown in FIG. ₂ and V ₁ and V ₂ are displayed. The cursor can be independently moved by operating a cursor movement switch 39a on the front of the cursor display unit 39, and its coordinates are also displayed on the screen.

Next, a procedure for actually stamping out a stamper in the processing machine 21 of the present embodiment configured as described above will be described.

1. Setup of the punching machine There are four setups required for the actual punching. One is the setting of the processing machine 21 itself, the second is the mounting position of the laser light sources 33a and 33b, the third is the mounting position of the lens barrel 36 in which the prisms 35a and 35b are incorporated, and the mounting position of the CCD camera 37. This is the cursor display position on the screen. Needless to say, these setups do not need to be re-adjusted once determined, unless the specifications of the disc and the marker are significantly changed.

(1) Setting of the processing machine itself Here, detailed contents are omitted. The first is to create a machining program so that you can get through properly. The method varies depending on the manufacturer and model, but one point to be noted is that the processing origin, that is, the operation reference start point of the upper mold 25 is set to a position where the marker is in focus. This simplifies the work of actually punching the stamper continuously.

(2) Adjustment of Light Source Attaching Position The marker 24a previously written on the stamper 24 has a track pitch of 0.8 mm between an outer diameter of 1.5 mm and an inner diameter of 1 mm.
A pit of μm is formed. This is the same as a diffraction grating with a grating interval of 0.8 μm,
The laser light source 33 is irradiated with a laser beam of 0 nm so that the diffracted (reflected) light enters the objective lens in a good condition.
a and 33b may be adjusted. The angle θ at this time is represented by the following equation: d · sin θ = nλ (n = 1, 2, 3 °) d: lattice spacing λ: wavelength Since high-order diffracted light is not required in this apparatus, considering the case of the first order (n = 1), θ = sin ⁻¹ (λ / d) = sin ⁻¹ (0.67 / 0.8) = 56.9 deg, and the laser light source may be adjusted to this angle. However, the angle calculated here is merely a guide. Actually, the stamper may be mounted on the stage and fixed, and the laser light source may be fixed while looking for a place where the image of the marker is reflected while looking at the screen.

(3) Adjustment of Mounting Position of Barrel and CCD Camera The position of the marker projected on the screen changes depending on the mounting position of the barrel 36 and the CCD camera 37. Therefore, each adjustment is made so that the marker is projected in the center of the screen so that the centering adjustment can be easily performed. At this time, for example, when the stage on which the stamper is mounted is moved to the right, the mounting direction of the CCD camera 37 is also adjusted so that the marker shown on the screen also moves to the right. These adjustments need not be so closely matched. The reason for this is that it is sufficient to move what is visible, similar to searching for what you want to see with a normal microscope.

(4) Adjustment of Display Position of Cursor This adjustment requires several punching tests. As a preparation, it is checked how much one click of the cursor by the cursor movement switch 39a is an actual length.
This can be easily understood by reflecting a ruler or the like. In the case of this machine, it is approximately 5 to 6 μm / 1 click. Next, all the stampers 24 are marked (for example, two orthogonal lines are drawn with a pen) so that the setting direction can be understood later. For the first sheet, the stamper 24 is set at a position which is considered to be the center by the rule. At this time, the stamp is set so that the mark on the stamper 24 and the moving direction of the XY stages 31a and 31b approximately match. Cursor H ₁ four marker 24a which is reflected in the screen, H ₂ and V _1, V
Match ₂ for the time being and try punching out. This sample is observed with another microscope or the like to measure in which direction and how much the sample is displaced. The number of clicks of the cursor corresponding to the shift amount is calculated, and the cursor is moved accordingly. After setting the next second sheet on the stage, the X and Y micrometer heads 32a and 32b align the marker with the previously corrected cursor and punch out. As with the first sheet, the direction and amount of the shift are measured, and the cursor is corrected again. Repeat this process to determine the position of the cursor. Again, there is no need to re-adjust the cursor position you just determined unless you change the marker specifications.

If the entire cursor has gone too far toward the corner of the screen, first place the marker at this cursor position, and then adjust the mounting positions of the lens barrel and CCD camera as described in (3). Set the marker at the center of the screen (the cursor does not move at this time). Move the cursor to the marker brought to the center of the screen with the cursor movement switch. Thereafter, for confirmation, a punching test is performed. If there is no deviation, the setup is completed. If there is a deviation, the operation (4) may be performed.

2. Punching procedure The actual punching of the stamper will be described. Procedure 1 First, the stamper 24 is chucked on the Y stage 31b. The Y stage 31b is made of a material with a magnet (magnetic material)
As a result, the stamper 24 is moved to the stage 31 with a magnet.
b. In addition, even if it is not a magnet, a ring-shaped weight that does not interfere with the upper and lower dies, for example, a ring-shaped weight may be placed and pressed. The Y stage 31b may be provided with a groove for sucking the stamper 24 with a vacuum, and a chucking method suitable for each use can be selected. The point of chucking of the stamper may be such that the stamper 24 is chucked so that there is no slack, and the marker 24a is displayed on the screen of the monitor 40.

Step 2 Position the marker 24a of the stamper 24 on the cursor on the screen of the monitor 40. X and Y micrometer heads 32a and 32b have four cursors H each having a marker 24a.
₁ , H ₂ and V ₁ , V ₂ . As a result, accurate positioning or centering of the stamper 24 is performed.

Step 3 The stamper 24 is punched. When the operation switch 41 on the front of the processing machine main body 22 is pressed, the press device 30 is operated, and the upper die 25 descends integrally with the movable platen 29, and the upper die 25 and the lower die 2
The stamper 24 is accurately punched into a predetermined disc shape between the positions 6. After punching out the stamper, remove the work and the chip. In this machine, this is done manually. However, the dust at the center of the stamper naturally falls downward.

According to the processing machine 21 of the present embodiment as described above, the following various practical effects can be obtained. That is, the processing machine 21 of this embodiment does not require a special jig for centering the stamper 24, so that the structure of the centering adjustment mechanism can be simplified. And especially the processing machine 21 of this example
In, the centering operation of the stamper 24 can be simplified, and the time required for centering adjustment can be greatly reduced without depending on the experience and skills of the operator. In addition, the overall size of the processing machine 21 can be reduced, which can be expected to save space and reduce material costs. Furthermore, in this example, a laser light source was used instead of a white light source as a means for irradiating the marker with light, so that a temperature rise of a stamper or a mold as a workpiece can be avoided, and accuracy deterioration due to thermal expansion or the like is prevented. Can be. Further, in this example, since the marker is provided at the center of the stamper and the objective lens is provided at the center of the mold, centering of the stamper is performed more reliably, and punching accuracy is further improved.

With the processing machine 21 described above, if the initial setup is properly performed, the subsequent punching operation is a very simple operation. Therefore, it is advantageous for automation in the future.

FIG. 8 shows a conceptual configuration in the case of this automation.
Shown in In this case, the stamper 24 is a continuous sheet, and the stamper sheet is automatically sent to the processing machine main body 22 by the transporter 42 and chucked on the stage with an approximate accuracy. In this state, the laser beam is applied to the marker of the stamper as described above, and this marker is detected by the light detecting means. The automatic image detection processing device is provided in this machine. The marker is detected, the stage is automatically moved by a motor or the like based on the detection signal, and the centering of the stamper is performed. Then press 30
Operates to punch the stamper 24, and the punched stamper is taken out by the stamper take-out device 43.
It is stocked in the stamper stocker 44. In this machine, the above operation is automatically performed continuously. Therefore, according to this machine, the punching operation of the stamper can be performed efficiently without manual operation, and the effect is particularly large in terms of productivity.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the configurations of these embodiments. For example, in the embodiment, a laser beam is applied to a circular marker, the marker is raised by a light diffraction phenomenon, and a method is employed in which the marker and the four cursors are aligned on the screen. May be formed in two straight lines, that is, a cross shape. In this case, a cross-shaped marker is illuminated by a light source,
The cursor is aligned with one cursor at a time, or sandwiched between two X and Y cursors. The marker is not limited to the pit, and may be formed by paint or printing. Further, the position of the marker may be set at a position other than the center.

In the embodiment, since the marker is formed by pits, the marker cannot be seen in a good condition with a normal white light source. Therefore, a laser light source having good coherence was used. It is also possible to use white light as long as it is easily painted or printed.

In the embodiment, the light source is disposed outside the mold. However, if the light source is incorporated in the upper mold, for example, the structure of the processing machine body becomes simpler and the handling becomes better. If the workpiece has transparency, the light source may be incorporated in the lower mold.

Further, in the embodiment, the light detecting means (objective lens, prism, CCD camera, etc.) is incorporated in the upper mold side. However, when the workpiece is transparent, the lower mold side is used. Light detecting means may be incorporated. The light transmission means is not limited to a prism, but may be a mirror or an optical fiber. Further, as the image pickup means, a camera using an image pickup tube may be used in addition to the CCD camera. In the case of an automatic processing machine, a four-division diode photodetector using an astigmatism method can be used instead of the image pickup means.

In the embodiment, the processing machine for punching a stamper for making a compact disk (CD) as a workpiece has been described.
The present invention can be widely applied to a processing machine for punching paper, plastic, and the like.

[0044]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the working machine of the present invention, the work of positioning the work can be greatly simplified as compared with the conventional one, and the work depends on the experience and skills of the worker. Therefore, the time required for positioning can be greatly reduced, and work efficiency is improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing a conventional processing machine.

FIG. 2 is a detailed view of a mold part.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a pit reflected on a monitor screen.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of centering.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a processing machine according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a detailed view of a mold part.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a marker reflected on the screen of the monitor.

FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram when a processing machine is automated.

[Explanation of symbols]

21 mm processing machine, 22 mm processing machine body, 24 mm stamper (workpiece), 24 mm marker, 25 mm upper die,
26 ‥‥ lower mold, 31a, 31b ‥‥ stage, 32a,
32b laser light source (light irradiation means), 34 objective lens, 35a, 35b prism, 36 lens barrel, 3
7 cm CCD camera, 40 mm monitor

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A processing machine for punching and processing a workpiece with a pair of dies, comprising: a light irradiating unit configured to irradiate a positioning marker provided on the workpiece with light; Light detecting means for detecting a marker irradiated with light by the light irradiating means, having an objective lens on at least one side, and the work piece based on the marker detected by the light detecting means. A processing machine characterized by performing positioning of a workpiece.