JPH1156100A - Green garden - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] [Problem] Even if a mini garden is constructed using artificial lightweight soil on the veranda or roof of a condominium or general house, the gas phase rate is increased to improve the rooting of trees, and the solid phase rate is improved. Increase the retention of trees by increasing the drainage efficiency even in the event of heavy rainfall. SOLUTION: A drain pipe 10 having a net-like upper surface is laid at the lowest corner of a bottom surface 5 of a veranda 1, and a drain filter 26 is laid at a drain portion. Root-resistant sheet 11
A hole 27 is drilled in the drainage part. A water retention mat 12 is laid on the upper surface of the root-resistant sheet 11, and a water retention / drainage sheet 13 is laid on the upper surface of the water retention mat 12. Water retention and drainage sheet 1
A large number of stones 14 are laid on the upper surface of 3, and a filter 15 is laid thereon. An artificial lightweight soil 16 is put on the upper surface of the filter 15. When the artificial lightweight soil 16 is 400 liters, 5 liters of charcoal powder (Bincho charcoal) and humus are mixed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a mini green garden installed on a veranda or a roof of a condominium, a general house, or a building.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, green spaces have been reduced in urban areas, and urban spaces such as inside and outside houses, commercial spaces, office buildings and the like have been actively greened. The greenery of plants such as trees has the effect of calming the human mind and enriching it. In addition, it has various effects such as prevention of urban heat island phenomenon and energy saving by heat insulation effect.

[0003] There has been a movement to build mini-gardens on the veranda or rooftop of condominiums and ordinary houses, and various construction methods have been proposed. For example, JP-A-8-
No. 317729. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-31
The technology described in Japanese Patent No. 7729 is to install a garden on a veranda or a rooftop using three layers of a waterproof layer, a water retaining layer, and a highly drainable artificial lightweight soil.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-317 is disclosed.
No. 729 discloses simply using artificial lightweight soil in view of weight since it is installed on a veranda or a rooftop.
Lawns and plants are planted on this artificial lightweight soil. However, although a general artificial lightweight soil has a certain gas phase ratio and a certain solid phase ratio, there is a problem that the root of the tree is hard to enter and the holding power of the tree is weak.

[0005] In addition, in terms of drainage, the artificial light soil is directly drained. Therefore, only one or two places are directly drained from the artificial lightweight soil, and a large amount of rainwater is generated. In some cases, there was a problem of overflowing and flooding the veranda. In particular, in the case of the rainy season or heavy rainfall during the typhoon season, there is a problem that the artificial lightweight soil itself flows out to the veranda together with the rainwater.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and even when a mini-garden is constructed using artificial lightweight soil on a veranda or a roof of an apartment or a general house, the gas phase rate is increased to increase the trees. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a green garden with improved rooting, a higher solid phase ratio, a higher tree holding power, and a higher drainage efficiency even in the event of heavy rainfall.

[0007]

Therefore, the miniature garden according to the first aspect of the present invention is a mini-garden constructed using artificial light soil 16 on the veranda 1 of a building or a roof. A root-resistant sheet 11 laid on the bottom surface 5 of the roof and having root protection, a water retention mat 12 laid on the upper surface of the root resistance sheet 11 and having water retention, and a water retention and drainage laid on the upper surface of the water retention mat 12 Water retention with function
A drain sheet 13, a large number of stones 14 laid all over the upper surface of the water retention / drainage sheet 13 to promote drainage of surplus water, and the stone 14 and the water retention / drainage sheet 1
A filter 15 laid on the upper surface of the filter 3 and having a finer particle size than that of the artificial lightweight soil 16 and allowing water to pass therethrough; and an artificial lightweight soil 16 laid on the upper surface of the filter 15 with a predetermined thickness. The artificial lightweight soil 16 is mixed with charcoal powder at a predetermined ratio with respect to the amount of the artificial lightweight soil 16,
When the ratio of the artificial lightweight soil 16 is about 400 liters, the amount of charcoal powder is 4 to 20 liters.

With this configuration, for example, when the amount of the artificial lightweight soil 16 is set to about 400 liters, 4 to 20 liters of charcoal powder are mixed into the artificial lightweight soil 16 so that Oxygen is released from the air bubbles of the powder, the gas phase rate is increased, the root of the beard grows, the tree is quickly rooted, and the survival rate of the tree can be improved. Charcoal powder also generates negative ions, giving the soil minerals necessary for tree growth. Since this mineral is weakly alkaline, the tap water for sprinkling can be made slightly alkaline, and the growth of trees and plants can be promoted.
The charcoal powder is desirably charcoal powder of Bincho charcoal.

Further, the miniature garden according to the second aspect is a mini-garden constructed by using artificial lightweight soil 16 on the veranda 1 or the roof of the building, and is laid on the veranda 1 or the bottom surface 5 of the roof to prevent rooting. Root-proof sheet 11 provided with: a water-retentive mat 12 laid on the upper surface of the root-resistant sheet 11 and provided with water retention; And a number of stones 14 laid all over the upper surface of the water retention / drainage sheet 13 to promote the drainage function of surplus water, and particles of the artificial lightweight soil 16 laid down on the stones 14 and the water retention / drainage sheet 13 It comprises a filter 15 that is finer than the diameter and allows water to pass through, and an artificial lightweight soil 16 laid with a predetermined thickness on the upper surface of the filter 15. The leaf soil is mixed at a predetermined ratio with respect to the amount of the artificial lightweight soil 16, and when this ratio is set to about 400 liters of the artificial lightweight soil 16, the amount of the humus is set to a ratio of 4 to 20 liters. It is characterized by having.

With this configuration, for example, when the amount of the artificial lightweight soil 16 is set to about 400 liters, 4 to 20 liters of humus can be added to the artificial lightweight soil 1.
By mixing into 6, the flow is prevented from breaking, and the solid phase ratio is increased.
Tree holding power can be obtained, and it can be made harder to fall.

[0011] In the miniature green garden according to the third aspect,
It is a mini-garden constructed using artificial lightweight soil 16 on the veranda 1 of the building or on the roof, and the veranda 1 or the bottom 5 of the roof
A root-resistant sheet 11 laid down on the root-resistant sheet 11, a water retention mat 12 laid on the upper surface of the root-resistant sheet 11 and having water retention, and a water retention and drainage function laid on the upper surface of the water retention mat 12 Water retention / drainage sheet 13 and this water retention /
A large number of stones 14 laid over the entire surface of the drainage sheet 13 to promote the drainage function of surplus water;
A filter 15 laid on the upper surface of the water retention / drainage sheet 13 and having a finer grain size than the artificial lightweight soil 16 to allow water to pass therethrough; and an artificial lightweight soil laid on the upper surface of the filter 15 with a predetermined thickness. And charcoal powder and humus are added to the artificial lightweight soil 16.
The amount of the coal powder is 4 to 20 liters, and the amount of humus is 4 to 20 liters when the artificial light soil 16 is mixed at a predetermined ratio with respect to the amount of the artificial lightweight soil 16. It is characterized by a ratio of 20 liters.

Thereby, for example, the artificial light soil 1
6, the amount of charcoal powder is 4 to 20 liters, and the amount of mulch is 4 to 20 liters. Out, gas phase rate increases, grows beard roots,
Trees take root quickly, and the survival rate of trees can be improved. Charcoal powder also generates negative ions, giving the soil minerals necessary for tree growth. Since this mineral is weakly alkaline, the tap water for sprinkling can be made slightly alkaline, and the growth of trees and plants can be promoted. The charcoal powder is desirably charcoal powder of Bincho charcoal. Further, by mixing the mulch, the flow can be prevented from being cut off, the solid phase ratio can be increased, the holding power of the tree can be increased, and the fall can be made more difficult.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a mini-garden which is constructed using artificial lightweight soil 16 on the veranda 1 or the roof of the building, and is provided on the veranda 1 or the bottom surface 5 of the roof to provide root protection. Root-resistant sheet 11 and a water retention mat 12 laid on the upper surface of the root-resistant sheet 11 and having water retention.
And a water retention / drainage sheet 13 laid on the upper surface of the water retention mat 12 and provided with a water retention / drainage function, and a large number of stone materials 14 laid on the entire upper surface of the water retention / drainage sheet 13 to promote the drainage function of surplus water. A filter 15 laid on the upper surface of the stone 14 and the water retention / drainage sheet 13 and having a finer grain size than the artificial lightweight soil 16 to allow water to pass therethrough; laid on the upper surface of the filter 15 with a predetermined thickness. The artificial lightweight soil 16 is prepared by mixing charcoal powder and humus in the artificial lightweight soil 16 at a predetermined ratio with respect to the amount of the artificial lightweight soil 16, and mixing these ratios with the artificial lightweight soil 16. When the amount is about 400 liters, the amount of charcoal powder is about 5 liters and the amount of humus is about 5 liters.

With this configuration, for example, when the amount of the artificial lightweight soil 16 is about 400 liters,
By mixing about 5 liters of charcoal powder and about 5 liters of mulch into the artificial lightweight soil 16 respectively, oxygen is released from the bubbles of charcoal powder, the gas phase rate is increased, and the roots are grown, Trees take root quickly, and the survival rate of trees can be improved. Charcoal powder also generates negative ions, giving the soil minerals necessary for tree growth. Since this mineral is weakly alkaline, the tap water for sprinkling can be made slightly alkaline, and the growth of trees and plants can be promoted. The charcoal powder is desirably charcoal powder of Bincho charcoal. Further, by mixing the mulch, the flow can be prevented from being cut off, the solid phase ratio can be increased, the holding power of the tree can be increased, and the fall can be made more difficult.

Furthermore, in the miniature green garden according to the fifth aspect, a drain pipe 10 having a net-like upper surface is laid below the veranda 1 and the inclined surface of the bottom surface 5 of the roof. A drain filter 26 having a finer grain size than the light soil 16 is provided.
A drain hole 27 is drilled at the location of the water retention / drain sheet 13 corresponding to the portion 6, and the stone 14 is laid in the drain hole 27 so as to be raised.

As a result, extra water from the artificial light soil 16 or the rainwater that has fallen on the greening mini-garden is drained between the artificial light soil 16, the filter 15 and the stone 14, the drain filter 26, the drain hole 27, And the water is efficiently drained through the drain pipe 10. Therefore, even when a lot of rain falls, the rainwater can be efficiently drained to the outside without overflowing the artificial lightweight soil 16 to the outside.

In the miniature green garden according to the sixth aspect,
A drainage pipe 30 whose upper surface is closed and whose periphery is reticulated is buried in the artificial lightweight soil 16, and a drainage filter 31 finer than the particle size of the artificial lightweight soil 16 is wrapped around the drainage pipe 30, It is characterized in that the lower opening surface of the drain pipe 30 is erected on the upper surface of the filter 15.

Therefore, even in the event of a torrential downpour, the water flows into the water retaining / draining sheet 13 through the drain filter 31, the drain pipe 30, and the filter 15 in the artificial lightweight soil 16, and furthermore, the drain filter 26 , The drain hole 27 and the drain pipe 10 are efficiently drained. Therefore, even when there is a torrential rain,
The water can be efficiently drained without overflowing in the artificial lightweight soil 16. As a result, the water becomes
Since the artificial lightweight soil 16 does not overflow inside, it does not flow out.

The miniature garden according to claim 7 is a mini-garden constructed using artificial lightweight soil 16 on the veranda 1 or the roof of the building, and is laid on the veranda 1 or the bottom surface 5 of the roof to prevent rooting. Root-proof sheet 11 provided with: a water-retentive mat 12 laid on the upper surface of the root-resistant sheet 11 and provided with water retention; And a number of stones 14 laid all over the upper surface of the water retention / drainage sheet 13 to promote the drainage function of surplus water, and particles of the artificial lightweight soil 16 laid down on the stones 14 and the water retention / drainage sheet 13 It consists of a filter 15 that is finer in diameter than the diameter and allows water to pass through, and an artificial lightweight soil 16 laid on the upper surface of the filter 15 with a predetermined thickness. A drain pipe 10 having a net-like upper surface is laid below the inclined surface of the above, and a drain filter 26 having a finer particle size than the artificial lightweight soil 16 is provided at a main part of the drain pipe 10. A drain hole 27 is formed in the water retention / drain sheet 13 corresponding to the filter 26, and the stone 14 is laid in the drain hole 27 so that the stone 14 is raised. Is buried in the artificial lightweight soil 16, a drain filter 31 having a finer particle size than the artificial lightweight soil 16 is wound around the drain pipe 30, and the lower opening surface of the drain pipe 30 is It is characterized by being erected on the upper surface.

As a result, the extra light from the artificial light soil 16, the water flowing into the artificial light soil 16, and the rainwater falling on the greening mini-garden is removed between the artificial light soil 16, the filter 15 and the stone 14, the drain filter 26, the drain hole 27, And the water is efficiently drained through the drain pipe 10. Therefore, even when a lot of rain falls, the rainwater can be efficiently drained to the outside without overflowing the artificial lightweight soil 16 to the outside. In addition, even when there is heavy rain, artificial light soil 16
Water flows into the water retention / drainage sheet 13 through the drain filter 31, the drain pipe 30, and the filter 15, and is efficiently drained through the drain filter 26, the drain hole 27, and the drain pipe 10. Therefore, even when there is a torrential downpour, water can be efficiently drained without overflowing into the artificial lightweight soil 16. As a result, water does not overflow in the artificial lightweight soil 16, so that the artificial lightweight soil 16 does not flow out.

According to the eighth aspect of the present invention, a lattice-shaped steel mesh 33 is provided on the upper surface of the filter 15.
And a root plate 34 provided on the upper surface of the steel mesh 33 is fixed by a chain 36 having turnbuckles 35 at both ends, and a rubber plate 37 is interposed between the root plate 34 and the chain 36. The feature is that a tall tree root pot 34 is fixed in the artificial lightweight soil 16 by tightening a turnbuckle 35 locked to a steel mesh 33.

Thus, the root pot 34 of a tall tree can be securely fixed in the artificial lightweight soil 16 even in a strong wind.

[0023]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 2 is a plan view of a general veranda 1 installed in an apartment or a general house in the case of constructing a green mini garden A of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the veranda 1. The veranda 1 has, for example, a lateral dimension of about 3.2 m, an outwardly projecting dimension of about 1.2 m, side walls 2 on both sides, and a foundation 3 on the front. . A fence 4 is formed above the foundation 3.

The shaded area in FIG. 2 is a green garden A of the present invention.
In the case of the size of the veranda 1, a mini-garden of about 2 m ² is formed. In addition, this mini-garden has an average height of about 22 cm excluding trees from the bottom 5 of the veranda 1. Also,
As shown in FIG. 3, the bottom surface 5 of the veranda 1 is an inclined surface that is inclined outward from the viewpoint of drainage.
A drain hole 6 is drilled at the corner where the position is low. A drainage pipe (not shown) is provided at the lower surface opening of the drainage hole 6, and rainwater or the like that has fallen on the veranda 1 passes through the drainage hole 6 and the drainage pipe to the outside (ground, ground, etc.).
(Drain).

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a mini green garden A built on the veranda 1. Although the detailed configuration will be described later, the basic configuration of the mini-green garden A is as follows. First, a drain pipe 10 for draining the green garden A is disposed at the front corner of the bottom 5 of the veranda 1, and a root-resistant sheet 11 is laid so as to cover the bottom 5 of the veranda 1 and the drain pipe 10. Is done. A water retention mat 12 is laid on the upper surface of the root-resistant sheet 11, and a water retention / drain sheet 13 having a continuous uneven surface is laminated on the upper surface of the water retention mat 12. A large number of stones 14 are laid in a large number of recesses of the water retention / drainage sheet 13.

A filter 15 is laid on the upper surface of the water retention / drainage sheet 13 on which the stone 14 is laid, and a predetermined amount of artificial lightweight soil 16 is put on the upper surface of the filter 15. In addition, bricks 17 are arranged on the curved portion 7 other than the foundation 3 and the side wall 2 of the veranda 1 so as to finish the edge beautifully.

Next, each member will be described. First, the cylindrical drain pipe 10 has a diameter of about 5 cm, and as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the lower part is closed in an arc-shaped cross section, and this part is a groove 20. The upper portion of the drain pipe 10 is a net portion 21 having a cross section of an arc shape and a net shape. Water passes through the net 21 and is received by the groove 20, and is drained from the end onto the bottom surface 5 of the veranda 1. The drainage pipe 10 is previously cut to a required size according to the size of the greening mini garden A, but may be cut to an arbitrary size at the construction site.

The root-resistant sheet 11 is made of polyethylene and is laid in the form of a sheet on the bottom of the green garden A. The waterproofing of the veranda 1 and the roots of the trees extend on the veranda 1. Has been prevented. This root-resistant sheet 1
The water retention mat 12 laid on the upper surface of the storage unit 1 is formed of a nonwoven fabric of polyester, and retains irrigated water and rainwater.

The water retention / drainage sheet 13 is formed of polyvinyl chloride, and has a corrugated cross section as shown in FIG. FIG. 9 is an enlarged perspective view of a main part of the water retention / drainage sheet 13, and FIG. 10 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part of the water retention / drainage sheet 13. As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10,
The substantially mountain-shaped protrusion 22 and the recess 24 are formed continuously, and the upper surface of the protrusion 22 is formed substantially flat. A hole 23 is formed in the upper part of the protrusion 22, and a stone 14 called white loam is formed in the recess 24.
Is filled.

Here, the glass fiber material stone 14 is used.
Is an inorganic lightweight aggregate obtained by firing and foaming obsidian at a high temperature and having a particle size of 4 to 25 mm.
By laying the entire surface including the surface 4 on the entire surface, excess water is efficiently drained.

The filter 15 laid on the upper surface of the water retention / drainage sheet 13 and the stone 14 is formed of a nonwoven fabric of polyester. The mesh of the filter 15 is finer than the particle size of the artificial lightweight soil 16. The organic artificial lightweight soil 16 put on the upper surface of the filter 15 as soil is a white lightweight soil obtained by crushing and foaming and firing perlite. The artificial lightweight soil 16 has a specific gravity at the time of wetness of 0.6, which is about 1/3 that of natural soil, and the balance between water retention and drainage can be kept optimal by adjusting the particle size. Trees will be vegetated on the artificial lightweight soil 16.

Further, as a feature of the present invention, when the amount of the artificial lightweight soil 16 to be introduced to the size of approximately 2m ² build veranda 1 as shown in FIG. 2 and about 400 liters Charcoal powder ( About 5 liters of bincho charcoal) and about 5 mulch
One liter is mixed with the artificial lightweight soil 16.

This is for the following reason. First, by mixing about 5 liters of charcoal powder (bincho charcoal) into the artificial lightweight soil 16, oxygen is released from the air bubbles of the charcoal powder, the gas phase rate increases, the whiskers grow, and the trees take root quickly. This is because the survival rate of trees is improved. Charcoal powder also generates negative ions, giving the soil minerals necessary for tree growth. This mineral is weakly alkaline, so that the tap water for sprinkling becomes closer to slightly alkaline, and the growth of trees and plants can be promoted. Also,
Mixing 5 liters of humus with the artificial lightweight soil 16 prevents breakage, increases the solid phase ratio, increases tree retention, and makes it more difficult to fall down.

In the present invention, charcoal powder and humus are mixed in the artificial lightweight soil 16 in the above-described ratio. Only one of the charcoal powder and humus is mixed in the artificial lightweight soil 16. You may do it. The charcoal powder may be of any type, but a charcoal powder of Bincho charcoal made of hardwood is a preferred example. In particular, various artificial lightweight soils 16 are commercially available, but by mixing the above-mentioned charcoal powder and mulch with the low-cost artificial lightweight soil 16, the same performance as the expensive artificial lightweight soil 16 is exhibited. Things,
Thus, the cost of the artificial lightweight soil 16 can be reduced.

In the embodiment of the present invention, when the artificial lightweight soil 16 is about 400 liters, the coal powder and the mulch are mixed at a ratio of about 5 liters, respectively. You may make it mix humus in the range of about 4-20 liters. However, if more charcoal powder or humus is mixed, moisture is absorbed and the whole weight becomes heavy. Therefore, it is not necessary to mix charcoal powder or humus any more. Therefore, when the artificial lightweight soil 16 is about 400 liters, it is a preferable example to mix about 5 liters of charcoal powder and humus. When the capacity of the artificial lightweight soil 16 is changed, the mixing ratio of the charcoal powder and the mulch according to the capacity of the artificial lightweight soil 16 to be used is the same as in the case described above.

Next, the method for constructing the mini green garden A of the present invention will be described. First, as shown in FIG. 4, the drainage pipe 10 cut into a predetermined length is disposed at the front (fence 4 side) corner of the bottom surface 5 of the veranda 1 with the net 21 as the upper surface. Here, a drain filter 26 of about 30 cm square formed of the same material as the above-mentioned filter 15 is arranged as shown in FIG. 4, and securely attached directly to the base 3 or the bottom surface 5 with a gum tape or the like. The drainage filter 26 allows the stone 14
And the small artificial light soil 16 is prevented from flowing out to the drain hole 6 at the corner of the veranda 1 through the drain pipe 10. The number of places where the drain filter 26 is installed is two in the case of FIG. 4, but may be one, or three or more. However, in consideration of drainability, at least two locations are required. Further, a drainage filter 26 is laid continuously on the net portion 21 of the drainage pipe 10, and the entire net portion 21 of the drainage pipe 10 is It may be used for drainage.

Next, an appropriate number of bricks 17 are piled on the edge of the green garden A. As shown in FIG. 5, the height of the piled bricks 17 is about 18 in this kind of green garden.
cm. Next, the root-resistant sheet 11 is laid on the bottom surface 5 of the veranda 1. At this time, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 6,
If the size of one root-resistant sheet 11 can be covered, the end of the root-resistant sheet 11 is raised about 30 cm with respect to the side surface of the foundation 3 (see FIG. 5), and the side surface of the side wall 2 is similarly formed. Stand up the end. Furthermore, the end of the root-resistant sheet 11 is also raised with respect to the side surface of the brick 17. In this case, the height of the rise is 2-3 c greater than the height of the brick 17.
m lower. In addition, an excess portion of the root-resistant sheet 11 corresponding to the curved portion 7 (see FIG. 2) of the greening mini garden A is cut and removed.

Here, in the portion of the root-resistant sheet 11 corresponding to the drain filter 26, a drain hole 27 is perforated with a cutter, scissors or the like as shown in FIG. This hole 2
7 is about 8 cm in diameter, but may be larger and smaller than the lateral width of the drain filter 26. The shape of the hole may be circular or square.

When it is not possible to lay with one root-resistant sheet 11, two root-resistant sheets 11 may be laid as shown in FIG. In this case, the root-resistant sheet 11 on the side where the bottom surface 5 of the veranda 1 descends is laid on the lower side, and the root-resistant sheet 11 on the window side is laid on the upper side. The overlapping portion of the upper and lower root-resistant sheets 11 has a length of about 30 cm.

Next, a water retention mat 12 is laid on the upper surface of the root-resistant sheet 11 as shown in FIG. In this case, the end of the water retention mat 12 is laid flat without standing up. A water retention / drain sheet 13 is provided on the upper surface of the water retention mat 12.
Is laid with the side where the hole 23 is drilled up, and the stone material 14 is laid entirely on the upper surface of the water retention / drainage sheet 13. When laying this stone 14, the water retention / drainage sheet 1
3 and into the upper surface of the protrusion 22. In particular, since the stone 14 is important as a drainage layer, it is put evenly in every corner. In addition, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, in the vicinity corresponding to the drain filter 26 and the hole 27, a large number of eyes are laid to improve drainage. The stone 14 shown in FIG.
Shows this state, but other water retention / drainage sheets 1
Although not shown, the stone 14 is also laid.

After laying the stone 14, the filter 15
Is laid as shown in FIG. In this case, the filter 15 is used to prevent the artificial lightweight soil 16 to be laid next from flowing out.
Is cut to a height slightly higher than the height of the brick 17 or the foundation 3. Then, the end of the filter 15 is folded back at the end of the root-resistant sheet 11. Next, the artificial lightweight soil 16 is put inside the substantially box-shaped filter 15 to make soil. Here, the artificial light soil 16 is mixed with the above-mentioned charcoal powder and humus to form the filter 1.
5 on the top. The artificial lightweight soil 16 is leveled with a scoop while sufficiently containing water, and the soil is formed. Then, plants and trees are planted on the artificial lightweight soil 16.

In FIG. 1, when water is drenched in the miniature garden or when rain falls, water seeps into the artificial lightweight soil 16, and excess water flows to the water retention / drainage sheet 13 through the filter 15. . Recess 24 of water retention / drainage sheet 13
Many stones 14 are laid on the upper surface including the water, and an appropriate amount of water is retained on the water retention / drainage sheet 13. Further, excess water flows between the stones 14 and flows out into the drain pipe 10 through two holes 27 and a drain filter 26. Then, the water flowing out of the drain pipe 10 flows out through the bottom surface 5 of the veranda 1 and the drain hole 6. In addition, water permeates through the holes 23 of the water retention / drainage sheet 13 and is retained in the water retention mat 12.

Here, the water retained on the upper surface of the water retention / drainage sheet 13 is supplied to the artificial lightweight soil 16 via the filter 15, and the water retained in the water retention mat 12 is supplied to the water retention / drainage sheet The steam is supplied to the artificial lightweight soil 16 from the holes 23 of the projections 22 of the thirteen. Further, oxygen is supplied from the hole 23 to the artificial lightweight soil 16 side, which is good for root growth.

Further, even when a large amount of rain falls, it is possible to drain the water smoothly from the artificial lightweight soil 16 to the space between the filter 15 and the stone 14 via the drain filter 26, the hole 27 and the drain pipe 10.

As described above, the structure shown in FIG. 1 can efficiently drain the water even when a large amount of rain falls, but in preparation for an unexpected heavy rainfall which cannot be predicted, FIGS.
A drainage device as shown in FIG. 2 may be added.
That is, the upper surface of the artificial light soil 16 is not exposed, and the peripheral surface is formed in a net shape. The drain pipe 30 whose upper surface is closed is buried. Further, the artificial light soil is formed around the drain pipe 30 having a diameter of about 5 cm. A filter 31 of the same material as the filter 15 for preventing the outflow of the filter 16 is wound. The opening on the lower surface of the drain pipe 30 is
Is in contact with the upper surface of the

When there is a torrential rain, the water around the drain pipe 30 flows into the drain pipe 30 via the filter 31, and the water that has flowed down into the drain pipe 30 passes through the filter 15 to retain and drain water. It flows on the upper surface of the sheet 13. Thereafter, it flows to the drain pipe 10 as in the previous embodiment. With this configuration, even in the event of a torrential downpour, water can be efficiently drained without overflowing into the artificial lightweight soil 16. As a result, water does not overflow in the artificial lightweight soil 16, so that the artificial lightweight soil 16 does not flow out.

As shown in FIG. 12, only one drainage pipe 30 is installed in the mini green garden A. However, by installing a plurality of drainage pipes instead of one, it is expected that Even if there is heavy rain, it is possible to efficiently drain water without overflowing the artificial lightweight soil 16 and the like.

When planting short plants and trees on the artificial lightweight soil 16, it is good to plant the plants and trees directly on the artificial lightweight soil 16, but when planting tall trees, it is recommended to use strong wind or the like. When the value moves, it easily withers, so the following method is used. That is, as shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, a steel mesh 33 of a predetermined size is laid on the upper surface of the filter 15, and a root pot 34 of a tree is placed on a central portion of the steel mesh 33. The root pot 34 is fixed to the steel mesh 33 by using two stainless steel chains 36 each having a zinc alloy turnbuckle 35 attached to both ends.

When fixing the root pot 34 with a chain 36,
A rubber plate 37 made of black natural rubber is sandwiched so that the metal chain 36 and the root mortar 34 do not come into direct contact with each other, and the roots coming out of the root mortar 34 do not come into contact with the root 36. I am trying to fix it. This is because the root bowl 34 and the root are a chain 36 and a turnbuckle 35
This is because planting the plant in contact with the soil causes withering. As shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, the rubber plate 37 is interposed between the chain 36 and the corner of the root pot 34, and the hooks 38 of the turnbuckles 35 at both ends are hooked to the steel mesh 33. Then, by tightening the turn buckle 35, the chain 36 can be firmly stretched, so that even in the case of a strong wind, the tall pot 34 of the tall tree can be removed from the artificial lightweight soil 1.
6 can be securely fixed.

In the above embodiment, the veranda 1 has been described in order to construct the green garden A.
Of course, the present invention can also be applied to a case where the present invention is built on the roof of a building.

Also, in the above-mentioned mini green garden, the case where charcoal powder, humus and the like are mixed with the artificial lightweight soil 16 has been described, but only the artificial lightweight soil 16 is used without mixing charcoal powder and humus. Used, FIG. 1, FIG. 6, FIG. 11, FIG.
The drainage structure shown in FIG. 2 or the like may be applied to form a mini green garden. That is, it is possible to form a green garden with no mixture of charcoal powder and mulch as described above.

[0052]

According to the present invention, for example, when the amount of artificial lightweight soil is about 400 liters, the amount of coal powder is about 5 liters and the amount of humus is about 5 liters. By mixing with the soil, oxygen is released from the air bubbles of the charcoal powder, the gas phase rate is increased, the whiskers are grown, the trees are quickly rooted, and the survival rate of the trees can be improved. Charcoal powder also generates negative ions, giving the soil minerals necessary for tree growth. Since this mineral is weakly alkaline, the tap water for sprinkling can be made slightly alkaline, and the growth of trees and plants can be promoted. The charcoal powder is desirably charcoal powder of Bincho charcoal. Further, by mixing the mulch, the flow can be prevented from being cut off, the solid phase ratio can be increased, the holding power of the tree can be increased, and the fall can be made more difficult. Also, when the amount of artificial lightweight soil is about 400 liters, the amount of mixing charcoal powder and mulch is
The same effect as above can be obtained if the range is 4 to 20 liters.

[0053] In addition, excess water from artificial rain soil or rainwater that has fallen on a greening mini-garden is efficiently discharged through the artificial lightweight soil, between the filter and the stone, through the drain filter, the drain hole, and the drain pipe. It will be drained well. Therefore, even when a lot of rain falls, the rainwater can be efficiently drained to the outside without overflowing the artificial lightweight soil to the outside.

Further, even in the event of a torrential downpour, the water flows into the artificial light soil through the drainage filter, the drainage pipe and the filter to the water retention / drainage sheet.
It is drained efficiently through drainage filters, drainage holes, and drainage pipes, so even in the event of a torrential downpour, water does not overflow in the artificial lightweight soil,
It can drain efficiently. As a result, water does not overflow into the artificial lightweight soil, so that the artificial lightweight soil does not flow out.

Also, when planting tall trees,
A rubber plate is interposed between the tree root mortar and the chain, and the turnbuckle that is locked to the steel mesh is tightened to secure the tall tree root mortar in artificial lightweight soil. In this case, the tall pot of the tall tree can be securely fixed in the artificial lightweight soil.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a mini green garden according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of a veranda in a case where a green mini-garden according to the embodiment of the present invention is constructed.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a veranda in the case of building a mini green garden according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a process in which a drainage pipe is laid when a green garden is constructed on a veranda according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a process of laying a root-resistant sheet when a green garden is constructed on a veranda according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a view showing a process in a case where a drainage hole is formed in a root-resistant sheet when a green garden is formed on a veranda according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a process in a case where a green garden is constructed on a veranda according to an embodiment of the present invention, and when a water retention / drainage sheet is laid and a stone is laid in a drainage portion.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a process in a case where a miniature garden is constructed on a veranda according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which a water retention / drainage sheet is laid and then a stone is laid in a drainage portion.

FIG. 9 is an enlarged perspective view of a main part of the water retention / drainage sheet according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part of the water retention / drainage sheet according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part showing a state in which a drain pipe is buried in artificial lightweight soil according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory view showing a state in which a drain pipe is buried in artificial lightweight soil according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a perspective view when a tall tree according to the embodiment of the present invention is fixed.

FIG. 14 is a side view when a tall tree according to the embodiment of the present invention is fixed.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Veranda 5 Bottom surface 10 Drain pipe 11 Root-resistant sheet 12 Water retention mat 13 Water retention / drain sheet 14 Stone material 15 Filter 16 Artificial lightweight soil 26 Drain filter 27 Hole (drain hole) 30 Drain pipe 31 Filter 33 Steel mesh 34 Root bowl 35 turn Buckle 37 Rubber plate A Green garden

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A mini-garden constructed by using artificial lightweight soil (16) on a veranda (1) or a roof of a building, which is laid on the veranda (1) or the bottom (5) of the roof and has root protection. A root-resistant sheet (11), a water retention mat (12) laid on the upper surface of the root-resistant sheet (11) and having water retention.
A water retention / drainage sheet (13) laid on the upper surface of the water retention mat (12) and provided with a water retention / drainage function;
A large number of stones (14) laid on the entire surface of the drainage sheet (13) to promote the drainage function of surplus water, and the artificial lightweight soil laid on the stones (14) and the water retention / drainage sheet (13) The filter (15) has a finer particle size than (16) and allows water to pass through, and an artificial lightweight soil (16) laid with a predetermined thickness on the upper surface of the filter (15). Charcoal powder is mixed into the lightweight soil (16) at a predetermined ratio based on the amount of the artificial lightweight soil (16), and when this ratio is set to about 400 liters of the artificial lightweight soil (16), 4 ~ 2 charcoal powder
A miniature green garden characterized by a ratio of 0 liters. 2. A mini-garden constructed using artificial lightweight soil (16) on a veranda (1) or a roof of a building, which is laid on the veranda (1) or the bottom (5) of the roof to provide root protection. A root-resistant sheet (11), a water retention mat (12) laid on the upper surface of the root-resistant sheet (11) and having water retention.
A water retention / drainage sheet (13) laid on the upper surface of the water retention mat (12) and provided with a water retention / drainage function;
A large number of stones (14) laid on the entire surface of the drainage sheet (13) to promote the drainage function of surplus water, and the artificial lightweight soil laid on the stones (14) and the water retention / drainage sheet (13) The filter (15) has a finer particle size than (16) and allows water to pass through, and an artificial lightweight soil (16) laid with a predetermined thickness on the upper surface of the filter (15). When the humus is mixed with the light-weight soil (16) at a predetermined ratio with respect to the amount of the artificial light-weight soil (16), and when this ratio is set to about 400 liters of the artificial light-weight soil (16), 4 to 2
It is characterized by a ratio of 0 liters and is a miniature green garden. 3. A mini-garden constructed using artificial lightweight soil (16) on a veranda (1) or a roof of a building, provided with a root-proof property laid on the veranda (1) or the bottom (5) of the roof. A root-resistant sheet (11), a water retention mat (12) laid on the upper surface of the root-resistant sheet (11) and having water retention.
A water retention / drainage sheet (13) laid on the upper surface of the water retention mat (12) and provided with a water retention / drainage function;
A large number of stones (14) laid on the entire surface of the drainage sheet (13) to promote the drainage function of surplus water, and the artificial lightweight soil laid on the stones (14) and the water retention / drainage sheet (13) The filter (15) has a finer particle size than (16) and allows water to pass through, and an artificial lightweight soil (16) laid with a predetermined thickness on the upper surface of the filter (15). Charcoal powder and mulch are mixed into the lightweight soil (16) at a predetermined ratio with respect to the amount of the artificial lightweight soil (16), and these ratios are adjusted so that the amount of the artificial lightweight soil (16) is about 400 liters. If you do, the amount of charcoal powder is 4-20 liters and the amount of humus is 4 ~
A green garden with a 20-litre ratio. 4. A mini-garden constructed using artificial lightweight soil (16) on a veranda (1) of a building or on a roof, which is laid on the veranda (1) or on the bottom (5) of the roof to provide root protection. A root-resistant sheet (11), a water retention mat (12) laid on the upper surface of the root-resistant sheet (11) and having water retention.
A water retention / drainage sheet (13) laid on the upper surface of the water retention mat (12) and provided with a water retention / drainage function;
A large number of stones (14) laid on the entire surface of the drainage sheet (13) to promote the drainage function of surplus water, and the artificial lightweight soil laid on the stones (14) and the water retention / drainage sheet (13) The filter (15) has a finer particle size than (16) and allows water to pass through, and an artificial lightweight soil (16) laid with a predetermined thickness on the upper surface of the filter (15). Charcoal powder and mulch are mixed into the lightweight soil (16) at a predetermined ratio with respect to the amount of the artificial lightweight soil (16), and these ratios are adjusted so that the amount of the artificial lightweight soil (16) is about 400 liters. In this case, the amount of charcoal powder is about 5 liters, and the amount of humus is about 5 liters. 5. A drain pipe (10) having a net-like upper surface is laid below a veranda (1) or a slope of a bottom surface (5) of a roof, and an artificial lightweight soil is provided at a main portion of the drain pipe (10). A drainage filter with a finer particle size than (16) (2
6), and a drain hole (2) is provided at the location of the water retention / drain sheet (13) corresponding to the drain filter (26).
7), and a stone (1) is inserted into the drain hole (27).
The miniature green garden according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the miniature garden is laid so as to raise 4). 6. A drain pipe (30) whose upper surface is closed and whose periphery is reticulated is buried in an artificial lightweight soil (16). A fine drain filter (31) is wound around the drain pipe (30), and a lower opening surface of the drain pipe (30) is erected on an upper surface of the filter (15). The miniature green garden described in any of the above. 7. A mini-garden constructed using artificial lightweight soil (16) on a veranda (1) or a roof of a building, and provided with root protection by being laid on the veranda (1) or the bottom (5) of the roof. A root-resistant sheet (11), a water retention mat (12) laid on the upper surface of the root-resistant sheet (11) and having water retention.
A water retention / drainage sheet (13) laid on the upper surface of the water retention mat (12) and provided with a water retention / drainage function;
A large number of stones (14) laid all over the drainage sheet (13) to promote the drainage function of surplus water, and the artificial lightweight soil laid on the stones (14) and the water retention / drainage sheet (13) The filter (15) has a finer particle size than (16) and allows water to pass through, and an artificial lightweight soil (16) laid with a predetermined thickness on the upper surface of the filter (15). 1) A drain pipe (10) having a net-like upper surface is laid below the slope of the bottom (5) of the roof, and the main part of the drain pipe (10) is sized according to the particle size of the artificial lightweight soil (16). A fine drain filter (26) is provided, and the drain filter (26)
A drain hole (27) is drilled at the location of the water retention / drain sheet (13) corresponding to the part, and the stone (14) is laid so as to swell the stone (14) at the drain hole (27). The net-shaped drain pipe (30) is connected to artificial light soil (1).
6) A drain filter (31) finer than the particle size of the artificial lightweight soil (16) is wrapped around the drain pipe (30), and the lower opening surface of the drain pipe (30) is wrapped around the drain pipe (30). A miniature garden with greenery, characterized by having a filter standing on the upper surface of the filter (15). 8. A grid-like steel mesh (33) is laid on the upper surface of the filter (15), and is arranged on the upper surface of the steel mesh (33) by a chain (36) provided with turnbuckles (35) at both ends. Established root bowl (34)
And a rubber plate (37) is interposed between the root mortar (34) and the chain (36), and the steel mesh (3) is fixed.
By tightening the turnbuckle (35) locked to 3), the tall tree root basin (34) can be removed from the artificial lightweight soil (1).
The miniature green garden according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the miniature garden is fixed in (6).