JPH1157777A - Filter - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve removing efficiency of iron and manganese from raw water by providing a tank filter having a storing part of storing untreated water and a filter part consisting of filter medium such as sand for filtering out iron compounds and manganese compounds produced by action or iron bacteria and increasing the quantity of dissolved oxygen to perform treatment. SOLUTION: A tank filter 10 consists of a storing part 12 for storing untreated water and a filter part 16. Untreated water is fed to the tank filter 10 through a feeding mechanism 14 provided with a ball tap 15 so that it becomes at fixed level. In the filter part 16, filter medium 16a pebbles and sand or the like is made about 200 mm apart from the bottom of the storing part 12 and is filled to thickness abut 1/3 of the total height of the storing part 12. Raw water is passed through the filter medium 16a and filtered, and iron bacteria 16 are retained on the upper surface of the filter medium 16a to filter out iron and manganese in which, and in order to increase the quantity of dissolved oxygen in the water, a feeding part 22 in which plural dispersing plates 20 are installed at prescribed spaced intervals are installed just above the storing part 12, and when the untreated water is fed from above it, oxygen in the air is taken in the untreated water.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a water filter.
More specifically, the present invention relates to a filter for iron and manganese using iron bacteria.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Water is widely used for general drinking, commercial use, and industrial use. However, iron, manganese and the like contained in raw water sometimes pose a problem as a water quality condition. For example,
In tap water, iron 0.3 mg / l or less, manganese 0.05
Reference values such as not more than mg / l and not more than 200 mg / l of chloride ion are defined. Therefore, in the case of using groundwater containing a large amount of iron as drinking water, it is necessary to supply iron after removing iron to a certain value or less.
In addition, when water with a lot of iron flows through the piping,
There is also a problem that iron adheres to the inner wall of the pipe, and the pipe diameter is substantially reduced, thereby preventing the flow of water.

[0003] Since iron, manganese, and the like contained in water pose various problems, it has been conventionally performed to remove iron and manganese from raw water. The most common method of removing iron and manganese from water is to remove them using a chemical such as a flocculant or chlorine. However, when a coagulant or chlorine is used, chlorine or the like remains in water, and thus there is a problem that it is not always preferable in consideration of water safety.

[0004]

On the other hand, the method of removing iron and manganese by using iron bacteria is not only excellent in safety but also excellent in performance of removing iron and manganese. Has an effect. Iron bacteria are so-called red water, which was conventionally thought to be harmful bacteria.Under moderate dissolved oxygen, iron and manganese in water oxidize and proliferate to form insoluble iron compounds. Since it has an effect of efficiently removing iron and manganese by being deposited as a manganese compound, it has come to be used for water purification.

Although it has been known that iron bacteria have an action of removing iron and manganese as described above, the present invention makes it possible to effectively exert the action of iron bacteria with a very simple structure. It is an object of the present invention to provide an effective filter capable of effectively removing iron and manganese from raw water to effectively use it for industrial, commercial, and home use.

[0006]

The present invention has the following arrangement to achieve the above object. That is, in a filter that removes iron and manganese contained in water using the action of iron bacteria, a storage unit that stores raw water and a filter medium such as sand that filters iron compounds and manganese compounds created by the action of iron bacteria. A filtration tank having a filtration unit consisting of: a raw water is supplied to the storage unit, air is mixed in the storage unit to increase the amount of dissolved oxygen, and the height of the water surface of the raw water in the storage unit is set to the filtration unit. A supply mechanism for adjusting the supply amount of the raw water so as to be higher than the upper surface of the tank to supply the raw water to the reservoir, and filtering the unnecessary substances such as iron bacteria, iron compounds, and manganese compounds accumulated in the filtration tank as needed. A backwash mechanism for discharging the tank to the outside. Further, in the supply mechanism, a supply unit in which a plurality of dispersion plates each having a plurality of holes formed in a plate body are arranged at predetermined intervals in a vertical direction in a cylindrical casing, and a supply unit is provided from above the supply unit. A configuration is provided in which the raw water is supplied to the storage section by sequentially flowing through the dispersion plate by flowing down the raw water. Thereby, the dissolved oxygen amount of the raw water can be easily increased, and the water purifying action by the iron bacteria can be effectively exhibited. Further, the supply mechanism is provided with a ball tap for detecting a water surface position of the raw water in the storage section, and a water outlet side of the ball tap is connected to the supply section. Further, as the backwash mechanism,
A backwash pump is provided which feeds purified water from a lower part of the filtration tank and discharges unnecessary substances from an upper part of the filtration tank. Further, by maintaining a control unit for periodically operating the backwashing mechanism and automatically discharging unnecessary substances in the filtration tank, maintaining the filtration tank in a state where iron bacteria can be suitably filtered. Can be.

[0007]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of a filter according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 and 2 are explanatory diagrams showing a configuration of an embodiment of a filter.
FIG. 1 shows an internal configuration of the filter, and FIG. 2 shows a planar arrangement. The filtration machine has a filtration tank 10 for storing and filtering raw water as a main component. The filtration tank 10 includes a storage section 12 for storing raw water and a filtration section 16 for raw water, and the raw water is always supplied to the filtration tank 10. And a discharge unit 18 for purified water.

The storage section 12 of this embodiment has a diameter of 500 mm,
It is formed in a cylindrical body with a bottom of 1200 mm in height. In the inside of the storage part 12, a filter medium 16a such as gravel or sand is separated from the bottom of the storage part 12 by about 200 mm as a filtration part 16, and is filled to a thickness of about one third of the total height of the storage part 12. The raw water is filtered through the filter medium 16a, while the iron bacteria 16b stay on the upper surface of the filter medium 16 to filter (purify) iron and manganese in the water. Since the iron bacterium has a reddish-brown color like red water, it can be easily identified by the color state in the storage section 12.

The filtration of the raw water is carried out by a method in which the raw water is constantly flowed into the filtration tank 10 by a constant amount. That is, the storage tank 1
While the raw water is fed in a fixed amount to 0, the purified water after filtration is discharged in a fixed amount, and a fixed amount of water is constantly stored in the storage unit 12 and filtered. Since the iron bacteria 16b mainly stays on the upper surface portion of the filter medium 16a, in the present embodiment, the height of the water surface is adjusted to be constant so that the depth from the water surface of the raw water to the upper surface of the filter medium 16a is about 200 mm. Iron bacteria 16
When filtration is performed using b, iron bacteria 1
6b is preferably immersed in water having a certain depth.

There are various methods for maintaining the level of the raw water at a constant level.
5, the supply amount of the raw water was adjusted so that the level of the raw water in the storage unit 12 was constant. When using iron bacteria to remove iron and manganese contained in water, it is preferable to set an environment in which iron bacteria can easily proliferate, so that the action of iron bacteria is sufficiently exerted. Instead of simply supplying raw water to the filtration tank 10,
The raw water is supplied so as to increase the amount of dissolved oxygen.

As a method for increasing the dissolved oxygen amount of the raw water supplied to the filtration tank 10, a method adopted in the present embodiment is as follows.
A method of providing a supply unit 22 in which a plurality of dispersion plates 20 are provided at predetermined intervals at an upper portion of the storage unit 12, supplying raw water from an upper portion of the supply unit 22, and supplying the raw water to the storage unit 12 via the dispersion plate 20. It is. The dispersing plate 20 is formed by penetrating a plurality of holes in a plate body.
By successively passing 0 and flowing down, oxygen in the air is taken into the raw water and the amount of dissolved oxygen in the raw water can be increased.

For the growth of iron bacteria, the amount of dissolved oxygen is 7 to
It may be about 8%. In the embodiment, about 5 to 6 dispersion plates 20 are arranged to obtain a dissolved oxygen amount suitable for the growth of iron bacteria. In practice, it is preferable to appropriately set the number and size of the dispersion plates 20 according to the capacity of the filtration tank 10 and the amount of raw water to be supplied. The supply unit 22 using the dispersion plate 20 is very simple in configuration and is useful in that it can be easily adjusted by adjusting the number of the dispersion plates 20.

In the filtration device of the present embodiment, the raw water is supplied by increasing the amount of dissolved oxygen,
It is an important condition that a constant amount of raw water is constantly supplied so that the height of the raw water surface at 2 becomes constant. The above-described supply mechanism using the ball tap 15 is for supplying raw water so that the height of water in the storage unit 12 is constant. In the present embodiment, a configuration in which raw water is directly supplied from the ball tap 15 to the storage unit 12 is used. Instead, the outflow side of the ball tap 15 was connected to the supply unit 22, and the amount of raw water supplied from the supply unit 22 by the ball tap 15 was adjusted.

By adopting such a configuration,
The height of the raw water surface in the storage unit 12 can be automatically adjusted to a constant level, and the raw water supplied to the storage unit 12 is supplied via the dispersion plate 20 provided in the supply unit 22. It is possible to do. As in the present embodiment, the ball tap 1
The method of using 5 to keep the water surface at a constant height and supplying raw water by a constant amount is suitable for a usage method in which the ball tap 15 supplies water by a constant amount. It is a very simple and reliable method of filtering.

In the present embodiment, the raw water supply mechanism 14 is constituted by a mechanism in which the supply amount of raw water is adjusted by the ball tap 15 and the amount of dissolved oxygen in the raw water is increased by the supply section 22. The present invention is not limited to the configuration of the embodiment. For example, a method of controlling the supply amount by adjusting a valve as a method of supplying raw water or a method of controlling the supply amount while detecting the flow rate can be used. It is also possible to use a method other than using the dispersion plate 20 for increasing the amount of dissolved oxygen.

As described above, iron and manganese contained in the raw water supplied from the supply section 22 are oxidized by the action of iron bacteria in the storage section 12 to become insoluble iron compounds and manganese compounds. These insoluble iron compounds and manganese compounds are filtered by the filter medium 16a, and the raw water is obtained as purified water at the lower part of the storage unit 12. Reference numeral 18a denotes a purified water outlet, and the purified water is stored in a water receiving tank or the like via a pipe and a valve 18b. In FIG. 2, reference numeral 18c denotes a suction pump for sending purified water to a water receiving tank located at a higher position than the filtration tank 10. The suction pump 18c is used as needed.
The outlet 18a of the purified water, the valve 18b, the suction pump 18c, and the like constitute the purified water discharge unit 18.

Iron bacteria are always present in water containing iron, and even when the present apparatus is used, when the raw water is allowed to flow through the filtration tank 10 for a certain period of time (several days) at the start of use, the iron bacteria naturally occurs. (Red water) starts to stay. The fact that iron bacteria began to accumulate means that the water purification action (filtration action) by iron bacteria was functioning effectively. Iron bacteria began to accumulate, and iron and manganese were removed from raw water, and purification was started. You.

In the example in which the raw water is filtered using the filter of the above embodiment, when the iron content of the raw water is 5.3 mg / l, the amount of filtration is 4 m ³ per day, and the iron content of the purified water after filtration is The amount was less than 0.03 mg / l. This iron content is at a level that can be sufficiently used for drinking. Regarding the filtration capacity of the filter, the filtration efficiency decreases in the case of raw water having a high iron content, and the filtration efficiency increases in the case of raw water having a low iron content. The amount of filtration per day with a filter having the same configuration as that of the present embodiment is about 70 m ^{3 in} raw water having an iron content of about 1 mg / l, and iron content per 1 m ² of the flat area of the filtration tank. Raw water with an amount of about 5 mg / l is about 20 m ³ . The filter of the above embodiment can filter about 13 m ³ of raw water having an iron content of about 1 mg / l and about 4 m ³ of raw water having an iron content of about 5 mg / l.

When filtration is performed using iron bacteria, an iron compound or a manganese compound gradually accumulates in the filtration tank 10 and iron bacteria also proliferate. Unnecessary substances need to be discharged. Therefore, the filtration tank 10 is provided with a backwashing mechanism. In FIG. 2, reference numeral 24 denotes a backwash pump. In the case of backwashing, the backwash water is fed into the filtration tank 10 from the purified water outlet 18a provided at the lower part of the filtration tank 10, and unnecessary substances are passed through the backwash discharge port 26 provided at the upper part of the filtration tank 10. By discharging with the running water. Since the backwash uses purified water, the backwash pump 24 is connected to a water receiving tank or the like.

In FIG. 2, reference numeral 28a denotes a pipe connected to the outlet 18a of the purified water, and 28b denotes a pipe connecting the backwash pump 24 and the outlet 18a. Reference numeral 30 denotes a stirring motor for stirring the inside of the storage unit 12 to easily discharge unnecessary substances during back washing. The drive shaft of the stirring motor 30 has a stirring blade (not shown).
Is attached. At the time of backwashing, the drive motor 30 is operated to agitate the water so that unnecessary substances can be easily discharged from the discharge port 26. Reference numeral 32 denotes an inspection port through which the inside of the filtration tank 10 can be inspected. Reference numeral 34 denotes a control panel for automatically controlling backwashing and the like. The backwashing may be appropriately performed in accordance with the amount of iron bacteria and the like retained in the filtration tank 10, but it is generally preferable to maintain and manage the backwashing periodically.

The number of backwashing also varies depending on the size of the filtration tank, the amount of iron contained in the raw water, etc., but once a week when the iron content of the raw water is about 1-2 mg / l, When the iron content is about 3 to 5 mg / l, 2
When the iron content is about 10 mg / l or more, about 3 to 4 times a week is required. Water during backwashing is 20 to 30 m ³ / (hour) to a plane area 1m per ^second filtering tank is required extent. Since the backwashing time is about 3 to 4 minutes, the amount of purified water used in one backwash is about 1 to ² m ² . By setting the time interval for backwashing, the backwashing time, and the like in the control panel 34 in advance, the backwashing can be automatically performed periodically.

The filter according to the present embodiment has a structure in which a filter medium is accommodated in a filter tank 10, raw water is flowed by a predetermined amount, and filtration is performed by using the action of iron bacteria. Although it is extremely simple, it has a form in which the filtration action (purification action) by iron bacteria is extremely effectively exerted, so that a complicated configuration such as a conventional filter is unnecessary, and the manufacturing cost of the apparatus is reduced. It became possible to greatly reduce. In addition, the operation cost of the apparatus is low because the action of iron bacteria is used, and extremely efficient filtration can be performed by effectively utilizing the iron bacteria. In addition, since filtration is performed using only iron bacteria, the water is highly safe and can be provided as high-quality water. In addition, by appropriately selecting the capacity of the filtration tank and the like, there is an advantage that a required filtration capacity can be obtained with the same configuration as that of the embodiment.

[0023]

The filter according to the present invention is constructed as described above, whereby iron bacteria work effectively in the filtration tank, and iron and manganese contained in the raw water are effectively removed, and the filter is useful. It can be provided as a simple filter. In addition, since the filter is simply configured, it can be provided at low cost as a device that is easy to manufacture and that can perform efficient filtration. In addition, there is a remarkable effect that the device can be provided as a device which has few failures and is easy to handle.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an internal structure of a filter according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a planar arrangement of an embodiment of the filter according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Filtration tank 12 Storage part 14 Supply mechanism 15 Ball tap 16 Filtration part 18 Discharge part 18a Exit 18c Suction pump 20 Dispersion plate 22 Supply part 24 Backwash pump 26 Discharge port 30 Stirrer motor 32 Inspection port 34 Control panel

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code FI B01D 29/38 510B 520A

Claims (5)

[Claims] A filter for removing iron and manganese contained in water using the action of iron bacteria, a storage section for storing raw water, and a sand for filtering iron compounds and manganese compounds created by the action of iron bacteria. A filtration tank having a filtration unit made of a filter medium, etc., and increasing the amount of dissolved oxygen by mixing air when supplying raw water to the storage unit, and setting the height position of the water surface of the raw water in the storage unit. A supply mechanism for adjusting the supply amount of raw water so as to be higher than the upper surface of the filtration unit to supply raw water to the storage unit, and removing unnecessary substances such as iron bacteria, iron compounds, and manganese compounds accumulated in the filtration tank. A filter comprising: a backwashing mechanism for discharging the filter tank to the outside at any time. 2. A supply unit in which a plurality of dispersing plates each having a plurality of holes formed in a plate are disposed at predetermined intervals in a vertical direction in a cylindrical casing in the supply mechanism. The filter according to claim 1, further comprising a structure configured to supply the raw water to the storage unit by sequentially flowing the raw water from an upper part of the storage unit through the dispersion plate. 3. The filter according to claim 2, wherein the supply mechanism is provided with a ball tap for detecting a water surface position of the raw water in the storage section, and an outlet side of the ball tap is connected to the supply section. . 4. The backwashing mechanism according to claim 1, further comprising a backwash pump for feeding purified water from a lower portion of the filter tank and discharging unnecessary substances from an upper side of the filter tank. 4. The filter according to 2 or 3. 5. The control unit according to claim 1, further comprising a control unit for periodically operating the backwashing mechanism to automatically discharge unnecessary substances in the filtration tank. Filtration machine.