JPH1160422A - Seeds coated with coating substance containing pyroligneous acid - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide coated seeds in which active ingredients are contained in the coating layer uniformly in appropriate proportions without danger in handling and environmental pollution. SOLUTION: Seeds 2 are coated with a biodegradable coating layer 3 comprising at least a coating layer-forming agent 3 and pyroligneous acid. In the case that the seeds 2 are weak to acid, a charcoal powder 6 is preferably added to the biodegradable coating layer 3. A plurality of effective components are evenly fed to the coated seeds and their germination and growth are promoted.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a coated seed which can be used for agriculture, horticulture and slope revegetation.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In order to achieve efficient sowing and plant growth, various types of coated seeds whose surface is coated with a thin or thick layer containing components effective for germination and growth have been developed.
In the above-mentioned coating, a mineral material for giving a thickness to the coating, a coloring dye or pigment, a fungicide for killing pathogenic bacteria, a germination growth promoter for promoting germination and growth of plants, and preventing insect damage and bird damage. It contains active ingredients such as repellents and a film-forming agent for retaining these active ingredients on the surface of the seed.

[0003]

However, in consideration of economic efficiency, it is extremely difficult to obtain and adjust appropriate concentrations of the plurality of active ingredients for each seed. In particular, fungicides not only cause pathogens, but also can cause plant malformation at high concentrations, and also kill soil microorganisms that are effective for plant germination and growth. Response is required.

[0004] Powdered active ingredients (bactericides, repellents)
It is not easy to attach a certain rate around small seeds.

[0005] Furthermore, powdery synthetic bactericides and repellents may harm the health of the person who handles them by inhalation or adherence to the skin.

[0006] There is a problem that the synthetic drug remains in the soil and contaminates it for a long period of time.

[0007]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above problems and provides a coated seed which contains an active ingredient in an appropriate ratio and evenly in a coating film, has no danger of handling, and has no environmental pollution. The coated seed according to the first invention is obtained by coating the surface of the seed with a degradable coating containing at least a coating forming agent and a wood vinegar solution. Also,
The coated seed according to the second invention, the surface of the seed weak to acid, at least comprises a film forming agent, wood vinegar and charcoal powder,
It is covered with a degradable film.

[0008]

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a coated seed according to the first invention. The coated seed 1 has a seed 2 covered with a degradable coating 3. As the seed 2, all kinds of seeds used in the fields of agriculture, horticulture and slope greening can be applied. For example, carrot and corn poppy seeds which are fine and light and difficult to sow evenly, bird and animal damage Corn seeds that are more susceptible to soil and bents that are more susceptible to soil diseases
Glass seeds are also included.

The decomposable film 3 contains a film forming agent 4. As the film forming agent 4, known degradable substances such as starch, PVA, CMC, gelatin, and alginate can be used. When the seed 2 to be coated is fine and lightweight,
The degradable coating 3 includes bentonite, clay, acid clay,
Mineral materials such as kaolin may be mixed. Also,
Dyes and pigments of a color different from the color of the soil may be mixed so that the distribution state at the time of sowing can be confirmed.

The decomposable coating 3 also contains a wood vinegar solution 5. The wood vinegar liquid 5 is a yellow-red-brown transparent liquid containing a large amount of acetic acid in the upper layer of the two layers separated when the liquid product obtained by dry distillation of wood (for example, in the charcoal production process) is allowed to stand. Contains more than 200 components and can be diluted with water. Therefore, by including the wood vinegar solution 5 in the decomposable film 3, more than 200 kinds of active ingredients can be evenly applied to the various seeds 2.

Various components contained in the wood vinegar liquid 5 play a very effective role in the germination and growth of the seed 2. Specifically, (a) acetic acid, methanol, and phenol exhibit a bactericidal effect on bacteria and filamentous fungi. Therefore, the seeds of native species used for greening such as alder are often infected with pathogenic bacteria (especially filamentous fungi), but such pathogenic bacteria are removed by the bactericidal action of wood vinegar,
The germination rate of seeds is significantly improved. (B) When the wood vinegar solution is diluted 200 times or more due to soil moisture or rainfall, useful microorganisms such as actinomycetes rapidly proliferate in the soil using acetic acid or the like as a nutrient source, and a germination growth environment suitable for seeds is obtained. provide. Further, (c) esters such as organic acid methyl esters have an effect of promoting seed germination and growth. Furthermore,
(D) Acetic acid and creosote exert a repellent effect on insects and birds and animals. (E) Ketones, aldehydes, and alcohols easily penetrate into living tissues, and when a dye or pigment is contained in the decomposable film 3, exerts a spreading action of positively attaching the dye or pigment. I do. in addition,
(F) Since acetic acid is converted into acetyl acid by the metabolism of the organism and used for the organism, it does not remain in the soil and contaminate it.

The wood vinegar liquid 5 has an acidity of pH 3.0 ± 0.5. Therefore, if an attempt is made to apply the wood vinegar solution 5 to a plant that is vulnerable to acid (eg, seeds of legumes such as white clover and garden plants such as gypsophila), about 100
The dilution must be at least 00 times, but when diluted to this extent, the above-mentioned effects of the wood vinegar solution 5 are substantially lost. Therefore, in the case of plant seeds such as legumes which are weak in acidity, it is preferable to include the charcoal powder 6 in the degradable film 3 as shown in FIG. In this case, pH 8.0-9.
The charcoal powder 6 having an alkalinity of 0 neutralizes the wood vinegar solution 5 without losing its function and effect, and provides a suitable germination growth environment for plants that are weak in acidity. There is also a method of impregnating charcoal powder with a wood vinegar solution and mixing it into the decomposable film 3. At this time, the content of the wood vinegar solution is preferably about 10-30%. In addition, charcoal powder has a large number of micron-sized pores, which can store water and nutrients for a long period of time and supply it to plants, and at the same time provide soil suitable for bacteria such as nitrogen fixing bacteria to improve soil quality. Plays the role of wood.
Therefore, the charcoal powder 6 may be inoculated with rhizobial bacteria of legumes. Furthermore, since the charcoal powder 6 contains a trace element of boron that promotes flowering, it can be said that it is ideal as a covering material for garden plants.

The coated seed 1 having the above-mentioned structure comprises a seed 2, a film-forming agent 4, a wood vinegar solution 5, and a charcoal powder 6 if necessary.
Is mixed with a known spray-type coating device or a rotary pan-type coating device, and a film forming agent 4, a wood vinegar solution 5, and the like are adhered around the seeds 2 to produce the seeds.

[0015]

As is clear from the above description, wood vinegar has various beneficial effects (ie, bactericidal action of pathogens, germination and growth promotion action, nutritional supplementation action, repellent action, spreading action, non-residual action). ), And the above-mentioned effect can be obtained by uniformly supplying an active ingredient to seeds of any size. In addition, by adding charcoal powder, the wood vinegar solution can be applied to seeds that are vulnerable to acid, and the above-described effects can be obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an enlarged sectional view of a coated seed in which a wood vinegar solution is held on the seed.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of a coated seed in which a wood vinegar solution and charcoal powder are held on the seed.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Coated seed, 2 ... seed, 3 ... Degradable coating, 4 ... Coating agent, 5 ... Wine vinegar, 6 ... Charcoal powder.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A wood vinegar liquid-containing seed wherein the surface of the seed is coated with a degradable film containing at least a coating forming agent and a wood vinegar liquid. 2. A wood vinegar solution-containing coated seed, wherein the surface of a seed that is vulnerable to acid is coated with a degradable film containing at least a film-forming agent, wood vinegar solution and charcoal powder.