JPH1171757A - Vibratory pile driving and pulling out method and vibratory pile driving and pulling out device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To guide the rising and falling of a vibration exciter by a leader through a bracket, rise and fall and drive it, drive a pile held with a pile chuck loaded to the vibration exciter into the ground, improve a pulling out technique and to make it possible to tilt the leader to a required angle in the optionally required direction in comparison with a Z axis. SOLUTION: A frame 14 is pivoted on the front end of an arm 9 in a tiltable manner by a Y pin 27 parallel with a Y axis, and tilt tilting (tilting around the Y axis) is made by a tilt cylinder 15. A leader 10 is so pivoted on an X pin 19 of approximately X axial direction to the tiltable frame 14 that it can be tilted in the swing direction (tilting around the X axis), and it is tilted in the swing direction by a Y axial swing cylinder 16. By combining tilt tilting with swing tilting, the leader 10 can be tilted in the required direction.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method of operating a vibration exciter while holding a pile with a pile chuck mounted on the vibration exciter to apply vibration to the pile, and driving the pile into the ground or It is related to the technology of extracting from inside.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 8 is a schematic front view showing an example of a state where a pile is gripped and driven into the ground by a pile chuck mounted on a vibration exciter. It is a figure which can also be seen as a state where the pile was pulled out. The principle of the vibration type pile driving technique is that the pile 3 is gripped by the pile chuck 2 mounted on the vibration exciter 1, and the pile 3 is held upright on the ground 4 while the vibration exciter 1 is held. When activated, the pile 3 is vibrated. As a result, the pile 3 sinks into the ground 4 due to gravity load and vibration. As described above, in order to hold the pile 3 held by the pile chuck 2 on the ground 4, a technique of suspending the pile 3 with a crane (not shown) is also known. However, when the ground height H of the workable space is limited due to an aerial obstacle above the pile driving point, the leader 5 is set up as shown in FIG. Guide up and down. In many cases, a shovel car is used as the base device 6 to support and transport the reader 5 described above, and the reader 5 is attached to the tip of the arm 6a.

[0003]

In the prior art shown in FIG. 8, the reader 5 can be supported upright on the ground by the base device 6, or can be lifted off the ground and moved. For convenience of explanation, in a state where the shovel car 6 as a base device is positioned on the horizontal ground 4, a vertical axis Z which is a turning center of the shovel car and a horizontal orthogonal 2
Assume three orthogonal axes consisting of axes X and Y. In FIG. 8, the Y axis is orthogonal to the ground and is represented as a point. a-a
Is the center line of the leader 5, bb is the center line of the pile 3, and basically the center line bb is parallel to the center line aa and is the punching direction of the pile. According to the prior art shown in FIG. 8, the arm cylinder 6b can be extended and contracted to move the arm 6a up and down, and the leader 5 can be lifted and separated from the ground surface, or can be supported by being pressed against the ground surface. . However, at the actual pile punching work site, the ground of the shovel car 6, which is the base device, is not always horizontal, and the vehicle body of the shovel car 6 is often inclined. In addition, the punching direction (bb) of the pile 3 is not necessarily vertical, and the pile may need to be driven in the inclined direction according to the construction design document, and the pile that is driven diagonally must be pulled out. It can be.

In order to cope with such a problem, in the conventional example shown in FIG. 8, the reader 5 is rotatably connected to the tip of the arm 6a by a connecting pin 6c in the Y-axis direction. A leader cylinder 7 is connected between them, so that the parallelism between the turning axis Z-Z of the shovel car 6 and the center line a-a of the leader 5 can be changed. Thus, the reader 5 can rotate about the connecting pin 6c in the XZ plane. According to the prior art described above (FIG. 8), even when the ground 4 is not horizontal and is inclined around the Y axis, that is, the shovel car 6 is positioned on a downhill in a posture of rising buttocks or rising forward. The leader 5 can be supported vertically by adjusting the length of the leader cylinder 7 even if the leader cylinder 7 is positioned on an uphill slope. However, when the ground 4 is inclined around the X axis, the reader 5 cannot be supported vertically. That is, when the vehicle body is inclined rightward or upward to the left so as to traverse an inclined road surface, even if the leader 5 is rotated around the connecting pin 6c, the leader 5 does not become vertical. The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and the reader is positioned in a desired direction regardless of whether a base device (for example, a shovel-based construction vehicle) is on horizontal ground or inclined ground. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for punching a vibrating pile, which can be supported in a smooth manner, and a vibrating pile punching apparatus suitable for implementing the method for punching a vibrating pile.

[0005]

The basic principle of the present invention created to achieve the above object will be briefly described below with reference to FIG. 1 corresponding to the embodiment. An arm 9 is pivotally supported with respect to the base device 8 so as to be able to move up and down in the ZX plane. On the other hand, the bracket 15 supporting the vibration exciter 1 is guided by the reader 10 to be moved up and down. The point of the present invention lies in the mechanism for attaching the exciter reader to the tip of the arm 9.
A tilt frame 14 is interposed and connected between the arm 9 and the reader 10. For convenience of explanation, in the present invention, the tilt around the central axis parallel to the Y axis is called tilt, and the tilt around the central axis almost parallel to the X axis is called swing.
When the frame 14 is in the vertical position, X
A tilt around a central axis parallel to the axis is a swing.

The tilt frame 14 is mounted on the tip of the arm 9 by a pivot 27 (called a Y pin) in the Y-axis direction. The tilt frame 14 tilts around the Y pin 27 as the tilt cylinder 15 expands and contracts. The reader 10 is mounted on the tilt frame 14 by a pivot 19 (referred to as an X pin) in the X-axis direction. Thus, the reader 10 is supported so as to be able to swing and tilt about the X pin 19. The leader is swung by the expansion and contraction of the swing cylinder 16 installed parallel to the Y axis. The tilt frame 1 described above
4 and the tilting of the reader 10 with respect to the tilt frame 14 are combined, so that the reader 10 can move in any direction on the XY plane relative to the vertical axis Z (that is, east, west, north, south, and all directions). (In the direction of 360 degrees) and tilt cylinder 15 and swing cylinder 16
By hydraulically locking the above, the inclination posture of the reader 10 is fixed.

The construction of the vibrating pile punching method according to the first aspect of the present invention, which is created based on the principle described above, is characterized in that the member supporting the vibrator mounted with the pile chuck is substantially vertically moved by the leader. In the construction method, the leader is supported by a base device, the exciter is actuated, and the pile gripped by the pile chuck is driven into the ground and / or pulled out from the ground. When the device is placed on a horizontal ground and the reader is held vertically by the base device, a horizontal X-axis connecting the center line of the reader and the center of the base device, and a horizontal X-axis perpendicular to the X-axis. Assuming three orthogonal axes consisting of a Y-axis and a vertical Z-axis, the above-mentioned reader is substantially X-axis by the tip of an arm which has a base end attached to a base device and which is tilted up and down.
The hydraulic cylinder is supported so as to be tiltable about an axis in the axial direction and tiltable about an axis substantially parallel to the Y axis.
It is arranged between the arm and the reader while being parallel to the axis, the hydraulic cylinder is extended and retracted, and the reader is swung about the axis substantially in the X-axis direction to adjust to a desired inclination angle. , Stopping the expansion and contraction of the hydraulic cylinder, fixing the adjusted tilt angle, and setting X, Y, Z
The three-dimensional direction of the reader in the coordinate space is controlled.

According to the method of the first aspect of the present invention described above, when the arm of the base device tilts up and down, the leader supported by the tip of the base device moves up and down, and the vibrator mounted on the reader is moved up and down. The machine (and the pile held by the exciter through the pile chuck) is moved up and down to perform the basic operations of driving and pulling the pile. Further, since the reader is supported so as to be tiltable about the axis in the X-axis direction and about the axis in the Y direction, tilting in the tilt direction and tilting in the swing direction are possible. In particular, since the tilting in the swing direction is driven by the expansion and contraction operation of the hydraulic cylinder in the Y-axis direction, a powerful swing drive can be finely controlled by using a known appropriate operation valve. Thus, the swing tilt angle can be easily fixedly held or released. When the exciter is operated by adjusting the reader to the desired inclination angle, the vibration having the maximum amplitude in a direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the reader is transmitted to the pile that is gripped at the desired inclination angle, Effective vibratory pile driving and / or vibrating pile removal is performed, and the working efficiency is high and the working cost is reduced.

The construction of the invention method according to claim 2 is based on claim 1.
In addition to the constituent elements of the invention method according to the present invention, while using the main body of a shovel-based construction vehicle having a turning function and a self-propelling function as the base device, receiving supply of pressure oil from the shovel-based construction vehicle, The hydraulic cylinder and the exciter are operated by the pressure oil. According to the construction method of the invention described above, the reader can be positioned with respect to the ground using the self-propelled function of the base device. It is misleading that there is no remarkable difference compared to the prior art when only looking at positioning the pile punching point by running or turning a base device (for example, a shovel car) having a turning function and a self-propelled function. However, when the leader is swung and tilted by applying the method of the present invention, the lower end of the leader (a portion facing the ground) moves in the Y direction even when the arm is stationary. By running or turning the base device to offset the movement in the Y direction,
Accurate stakeout and stakeout operations can be performed quickly and easily. Further, construction vehicles having a turning function and a self-propelled function are generally equipped with a prime mover (for example, a diesel engine) and a hydraulic source (oil pump, operation valve, oil tank, etc.). By receiving the supply of pressure oil, the leader can be tilted and driven to achieve the desired tilt angle without having to provide a hydraulic source dedicated to tilting and swinging. There is no need to move the so-called prime mover or hydraulic power source, or to transport cables and hoses, so it is particularly suitable for sequentially constructing a large number of pile punching points distributed in a large construction site. .

The construction of the invention method of claim 3 is the same as that of claim 1.
In addition to the constituent elements of the invention method according to the present invention, a gripping mechanism is provided in the base device, and the structure fixedly constructed with respect to the existing pile or ground is gripped by the gripping mechanism.
It is characterized by supporting the reaction force of pile punching work. According to the invention method of the third aspect described above, since a reaction force is supported by an existing pile or a structure, a strong initial pressure input or a strong initial pull-out force is applied to a vibrating pile to perform a high-efficiency pile driving. It is possible to carry out an overhaul. The method of punching a vibrating pile can be summarized as follows. When the friction between the pile and the ground is cut by applying vibration to the pile (static friction is changed to dynamic friction), the pile Since a static pressure is applied or a tension is applied in the pull-out direction, it is obvious that applying a large static pressure or a tension increases the working capacity and improves the working efficiency. Here, in order to apply a strong static pressure or tension to the pile, the strong reaction force must be supported. However, by applying the present invention, the reaction force of the pile punching by the existing pile or structure is applied. When supported, it is easy to obtain a sufficient reaction force to drive or pull out a single pile, and it is possible to perform powerful pile punching by adding static pressure pile punching to vibration pile punching. Further, even in a pile punching work site where construction vehicles cannot easily enter (for example, a steep slope, a soft land, a water area (at sea, on a lake, on a river), etc.), the base material can be carried in relatively easily for construction.

The construction of the invention method of claim 4 is the same as that of claim 1.
In addition to the constituent elements of the invention method according to the present invention, at least a sprocket is installed near the upper end and near the lower end of the leader, and an endless annular chain is wound around the sprocket and guided by the leader. The endless annular chain is attached to the support member of the exciter, or both ends of the chain are attached to the support member of the exciter and connected in an annular manner, and this is wound around the sprocket, and the sprocket is rotated forward and backward. It is characterized in that the ring-shaped chain is reciprocatingly rotated by being driven so as to cause the exciter to be lifted up or down. According to the invention method of the fourth aspect described above, when the inclination angle of the reader is adjusted as desired as desired by applying the invention of the first aspect, the leader held by adjusting the inclination angle is adjusted. Parallel forces can be applied to the "pile vibrated by the shaker". Since the exciter guided by the above-mentioned leader is attached to a portion where the annular chain is stretched in the longitudinal direction of the leader, the exciter is parallel to the leader along with the circumferential rotation of the annular chain. Be lifted or pushed down. As a result, the longitudinal direction of the pile in the posture where the pile is held by the pile chuck, the maximum amplitude direction of the vibration applied from the vibration exciter through the pile chuck, and the press-fitting / pulling-out applied to the pile. Match the direction of the static force,
A pile driving operation and / or a pile pulling operation is performed with high efficiency and in any desired direction. In addition, by employing the chain drive method, a relatively long drive stroke can be obtained as compared to the length of the reader, and the lifting force and the descending force are almost equal. Such a long stroke and two-dimensional isotropy cannot be obtained by hydraulic cylinder driving. Such characteristics can be obtained by chain drive or wire rope drive, or screw feed drive or rack and pinion drive. Among these four types of drive methods, resistance to biting of earth and sand is great, and The advantage of only the chain drive system is that the rotating machine for driving (for example, an oil motor) can be fixed to the reader without causing any problem.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the constituent features of the first aspect of the present invention, the base device includes a traveling function in an XY plane and a turning function around a Z axis. Using the body of a shovel-based construction vehicle having
By moving the base device, the pile chuck is moved closer to the pile, and the pile temporarily held substantially parallel to the Z axis is gripped and received from the side, and the pile chuck gripping the pile is moved to the pile. It is characterized in that the pile is turned around the center line, the desired angular position is set, the pile is driven into the ground, and / or the pile is pulled out from the ground in a procedure substantially opposite to the above. According to the invention method of claim 5 described above, even if the height of the work space for the pile punching work is restricted, the pile can be easily transferred by the pile chuck, and the pile may be moved during the work for some reason. It is easy to cope with a case where it is necessary to release the gripping. The present invention relates to a pile punching technique using a leader, and punching of a pile using a leader exerts an advantage when the height dimension of a workable space is limited as described with reference to FIG. . However, if the pile must be suspended from above by a crane with respect to the pile chuck supported by the leader, the pile is suspended in an area where there is no height restriction, and the pile is gripped by the pile chuck. The pile must be moved to the point where the pile is to be driven, and the pile must be driven (pulling out is almost the reverse procedure). Therefore, by applying the present invention, even in a work area where the height is limited, it is possible to transfer a pile having a length within the limited height, thereby further improving the work efficiency. Furthermore, if the pile is suspended from the pile chuck and gripped, or if the pile is lifted and the pile is released, when the pile is driven in half or when the pile is pulled out halfway, the pile is released for some reason and evacuated. Even if you have to do so, you will be in a predicament where neither binary nor ternary go. Therefore, according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the pile is gripped or released from the side of the pile, so that the grip can be released during the work and can be re-gripped. The civil engineering construction work site is described as "like a battlefield", so there is a high risk of encountering an unexpected accident. Therefore, the practical value of being able to evacuate during the work as described above is high.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there are provided three orthogonal axes composed of two horizontal orthogonal axes X and Y and a vertical axis Z.
An excavator-based construction vehicle having a swivel that rotates about the Z axis and mounted on a horizontal ground and a traveling function is used as a base device, and a vibration exciter is driven by a reader that is supported substantially vertically by the base device. Vibratory pile driving which guides the supporting member up and down, applies vibration to the pile gripped by the pile chuck mounted on the exciter, and drives the pile into or pulls out from the ground. In the removal device, when an arm installed so as to be able to move up and down with respect to the swivel table is positioned on the X-Z plane, a frame is pivotally attached to the tip of the arm by a pin parallel to the Y-axis so as to be tiltable. And
When the tiltable frame is in a vertical position, X
The leader is pivotally attached to the frame by a pin parallel to the axis, and the reader is tilted about the Y axis and swinged about the X axis to form a Z axis. It has a structure that can be tilted in any direction compared to the direction, along with the tilt of the leader, while the pile gripped by the pile chuck mounted on the exciter always keep parallel to the leader, The maximum amplitude direction of the vibration generated by the vibration exciter always keeps the same direction as the longitudinal direction of the pile.

According to the apparatus of the sixth aspect described above, the frame is pivotally supported so as to be tiltable with respect to the tip of the arm installed on the base device, and the reader is capable of swinging and tilting with respect to the frame. , The reader can be tilted to any desired posture. Further, since the base device has a turning function and a traveling function, the position of the leader can be positioned at the pile punching work point. Further, the XY coordinate position on the ground facing the lower end of the reader changes along with the adjustment of the inclination angle of the reader, but the position changes (positioning error).
Can be corrected by the traveling function and the turning function of the base device. The support state of the leader with respect to the tip of the arm can be tilted about the X axis and also about the Y axis, whereby the leader can be tilted in an arbitrary direction. A frame is interposed between the frame and the reader, and the frame can be tilted only around the Y axis with respect to the arm, and the reader can be tilted only around the X axis with respect to the frame. Since it is supported in this manner, the tilting of the frame with respect to the arm and the tilting of the leader with respect to the frame can be independently connected to each other to be driven and controlled. Adjustment can be performed with high precision without play, and the tilt angle adjusted as described above can be reliably maintained.

[0015] The structure of the device according to the present invention is the following:
Alternatively, a base member for gripping a structure fixed to the ground, a leader substantially vertically supported by the base member, an exciter guided vertically by the leader, and a pile mounted on the exciter And a chuck for
Vibration is given to the pile gripped by the pile chuck,
In a device for driving the pile into the ground or pulling it out of the ground, three orthogonal axes consisting of two horizontal orthogonal axes X and Y and a vertical axis Z are assumed, and the pile can be raised and lowered with respect to the base member. When the installed arm was positioned in the XZ plane, the frame was pivotally attached to the tip of the arm by a pin parallel to the Y axis, and the tiltable frame was in a vertical position. Sometimes, the leader is pivotally attached to the frame by a pin parallel to the X-axis, and the leader is combined with a tilt motion around the Y-axis and a swing motion around the X-axis. , Has a structure that can be tilted in an arbitrary direction as compared to the Z-axis direction, and with the tilting of the leader, the pile gripped by the pile chuck mounted on the vibration exciter always keeps parallel to the leader. Keep and above Maximum amplitude direction of vibration generated by the exciter is always characterized by being adapted to maintain the longitudinal direction and the same direction of the pile.

According to the apparatus of the present invention described above, the pile device fixed to the ground or the base device gripping the structure supports the reaction force of the pile punching operation and provides strong pile punching. Work can be performed, and regardless of the attitude of the base device in the three-dimensional space, the attitude of the reader is inclined or vertically supported as desired, and the support attitude is securely maintained. be able to. The leader is not directly supported by the base member, but is supported via an arm which can be tilted up and down.
For this reason, even if the “base member holding a pile or a structure fixed to the ground” is a stationary member or a member that cannot be moved up and down, the leader is raised by the up-and-down tilting of the arm to lift the ground. , Or the leader can be lowered to make contact with the ground. The support state of the leader with respect to the tip of the arm can be tilted about the X axis and also about the Y axis, whereby the leader can be tilted in an arbitrary direction. A frame is interposed between the frame and the reader, and the frame can be tilted only around the Y axis with respect to the arm, and the reader can be tilted only around the X axis with respect to the frame. Since it is supported in this manner, the tilting of the frame with respect to the arm and the tilting of the leader with respect to the frame can be independently connected to each other to be driven and controlled. Adjustment can be performed with high precision without play, and the tilt angle adjusted as described above can be reliably maintained.

The construction of the apparatus according to claim 8 is the same as that of claim 6.
Alternatively, in addition to the constitutional requirements of the invention device of claim 7, a swing hydraulic cylinder is installed substantially parallel to the Y axis on the tiltably supported frame, and the cylinder of the hydraulic cylinder is provided. One of the main body and the piston rod is attached to the frame, and the other of the cylinder body and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is attached to the leader, and the expansion and contraction of the hydraulic cylinder causes the frame and the leader to move. Can be relatively rotated about a pin parallel to the X axis. According to the apparatus of the eighth aspect described above, the frame is interposed between the arm and the reader, and the “frame that can be tilted and cannot be tilted” is attached to the Y-axis direction. Swing hydraulic cylinder is mounted, and the expansion and contraction of this hydraulic cylinder drives the swing tilt of the reader, so that the tilt angle of the leader with respect to the frame is uniquely determined by the expansion and contraction of the above-mentioned swing hydraulic cylinder. When the hydraulic cylinder for swing is fluidly locked, the swing angle of the reader is fixed and held securely. It is not limited which of the cylinder body and the piston rod of the swing cylinder is attached to the leader and which is attached to the frame, and the same function is performed in either case, but the body part of the swing cylinder is attached to the frame. At the same time, it is desirable to attach a piston rod to the reader because the piping system for supplying the pressure fluid to the swing cylinder from the base device side and controlling the pressure fluid on the base device side is simplified. Although the hydraulic cylinder is not limited to a hydraulic cylinder, it is appropriate to use a hydraulic cylinder when a shovel-based construction vehicle is used as a base device.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the constituent features of the sixth or sixth aspect, a member for supporting the vibrator while being guided in the longitudinal direction by the leader is provided. A sprocket installed at least near the upper end and near the lower end of the leader, an endless annular chain attached to the support member of the exciter and wound around the sprocket, and at least one of the sprockets A driving means for turning one of the chains forward and backward to reciprocate the chain is provided. According to the device of the ninth aspect described above, the exciter can be driven up and down along the leader to drive the pile efficiently and / or to pull out the pile. To reciprocate the exciter (specifically, the member supporting the exciter) along the leader, known means of each hand can be applied.・ There is no danger of elongation of the power transmission member as in the drum sheave method, and there is no danger of elongation or wire breakage even when wound with a small radius of curvature. There is no restriction on the location of the rotary drive device as in the rack and pinion system, and there is no danger of significant wear due to the adhesion of earth and sand as in the screw feed system. The support member can be reciprocated in a long stroke from near the upper end to near the lower end of the reader, and a rotary drive device (eg, an oil motor) can be installed on the stationary member, the reader. Greater resistance to sediment deposition of, operation reliable.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the constituent features of the sixth to ninth aspects of the invention, the pile chuck has a U-shape when viewed in the longitudinal direction of the leader. A stake, which is positioned in the U-shaped or C-shaped hollow portion, is gripped in parallel with the longitudinal direction of the leader, and at least about 9 mm around the longitudinal center line of the stake.
It is characterized in that it has a structure that can be turned back and forth by 0 degrees.
According to the apparatus of the tenth aspect described above, the stake penetrates the hollow part by making the chuck a U-shaped or C-shaped (ie, a shape in which a part of the ring is cut out). The pile can be gripped and released from the side, and the pile can be easily punched out particularly when the height of the workable space is limited. Furthermore, the pile gripped by the pile chuck is
Since it is possible to reciprocate around the center line, a non-rotationally symmetrical pile can be rotated and driven to a predetermined angular position, and a pile already placed is quickly and easily. The pile can be gripped and pulled out, or the pulled-out pile can be rotated to a desired angular position.

The construction of the invention device according to claim 11 is the same as the construction device of the invention device of claim 10, except that the pile chuck is mounted below the vibration exciter, and the pile chuck is horizontally mounted. The profile of the cross-sectional shape is smaller than the profile of the horizontal cross-sectional shape of the vibration exciter, and the chuck cylinders in a horizontal posture are arranged in two upper and lower stages. According to the apparatus of the eleventh aspect described above, since the chuck cylinders for generating the pressing force for gripping the pile are arranged in two stages, the jaw driven by the chuck cylinder and pressed against the pile. There is no danger that the member will rotate with respect to the pile during the vibration pile punching operation. In addition, the length dimension of the pile chuck in the Z-axis direction becomes longer, and even if the cloth digging to be provided when the top surface of the pile is driven close to the surface of the ground does not have an inner dimension that can accommodate the exciter, In addition, it is sufficient to have an inner dimension that can accommodate the pile chuck, so that the amount of earthwork for digging can be reduced.

[0021]

FIG. 1 shows the overall appearance of a vibrating pile punching device according to the present invention. FIG. 1A is a plan view in which horizontal orthogonal coordinate axes X and Y are added, and FIG. Is a diagram in which a vertical coordinate axis Z is added to a front view. The enlarged view of the main part of this embodiment is shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 described later.
The outline of the overall configuration will be described with reference to (B). Reference numeral 8 denotes a shovel-type construction vehicle as a base device to which the vibration exciter 1 is attached and held, and is mounted on a horizontal ground. The state where it was placed is drawn. This shovel-type construction vehicle is provided with a vertical axis Z on a body having an endless track type traveling function.
A swivel that can rotate around is mounted. An arm 9 is pivotally supported so as to be able to move up and down with respect to the turntable. 1
Reference numeral 1 denotes an arm cylinder that raises and lowers the arm 9 and is constituted by a hydraulic cylinder in the present embodiment. The coordinate axis X is a horizontal axis set in a plane where the arm 9 tilts up and down, and the coordinate axis Y is a horizontal coordinate axis orthogonal to the X axis. As is apparent from the above-described configuration, the horizontal orthogonal two axes X and Y in the present invention are coordinates that rotate when the swivel table of the base device 8 turns around the Z axis. However, in the following description, a state in which the base device 8 does not turn unless otherwise specified will be described.
Therefore, the three orthogonal axes X, Y, and Z are stationary coordinates unless otherwise specified.

The reader 10 guides the vibration exciter 1 substantially vertically and drives the vertical movement thereof. The point α near the upper end of the reader 10 is attached to the tip of the arm 9. Therefore, when the arm 9 tilts up and down, the lower end of the leader 10 is lifted away from the ground surface or pressed against the ground surface. A tilt cylinder 15 is attached to a location β of the reader 10 below the location α. This tilt cylinder is a name that focuses on the function of tilting the reader 10 as described later, and in the present embodiment, is constituted by a hydraulic cylinder. In practicing the present invention, the tilt cylinder is not limited to a hydraulic cylinder, but may be constituted by a hydraulic cylinder (for example, a hydraulic cylinder). When the leader 9 is lifted off the ground surface by slightly raising the arm 9 and the leader 10 is tilted or swung, the pile 13 moves with respect to the ground surface. This movement (misalignment) can be corrected by running and turning the base device 8.

FIG. 2 shows an embodiment different from the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 described above, and a work machine similar to or similar to the embodiment in FIG. 1 is supported by a structure (existing pile) fixed to the ground. It is a front view of the state which carried out. Reader 10
Guides the vertical movement of the bracket 15. The bracket 15 supports the vibration exciter 1 and is driven to move up and down as described later with reference to FIG. The base member 17 of the present embodiment is fixed by gripping an existing pile 18 driven into the ground. Thereby, the reaction force of the punching operation can be reduced without using the heavy base equipment such as the base equipment 8 (the main part of the shovel car) shown in FIG.
8 can be supported. This embodiment (FIG. 2)
In (2), a cloth excavation 4a is provided on the ground 4 in order to drive the pile 13 until the top of the pile 13 is positioned below the ground surface. However, when the exciter descends to the position 1 'indicated by the broken line, it becomes impossible to drive the pile deeper than this.
Must be provided).

3A and 3B show details of the reader in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 described above. FIG. 3A is a schematic front sectional view, and FIG. 3B is a schematic side sectional view. FIG. However, FIG. 2B is not a cross section by a vertical plane. (A) As shown in the figure, tilt frame 1
The reader 4 and the reader 10 are pivotally mounted by an X pin 19, and relatively rotate about the X 'axis. The above rotation corresponds to the swing tilt described above, and the swing cylinder 16
Driven by This drive mechanism will be described later in detail with reference to FIG. A lower idler sprocket 22 is arranged at the lower end of the reader 10, and an upper idler sprocket 23 is arranged at the upper end. A drive sprocket 21 rotated by a forward / reverse drive motor 20 is disposed near the center of the leader 10 in the vertical direction, and a chain 24 is wound around these sprockets. Although 25 is a tension sprocket, it also serves to increase the winding angle θ of the chain 21 with respect to the drive sprocket 21.

Reference numeral 15 drawn by an imaginary line schematically shows the bracket 15 (described above with reference to FIG. 2) guided by the reader 10. The chain 24 has an endless annular shape, and the bracket 15 is attached to the endless annular chain 24 and is driven to move up and down as the chain 24 reciprocates. As an embodiment different from the above, both ends of one chain may be respectively attached to the brackets 15 to form a ring as a whole.

When the bracket 15 is driven in a chain as in this embodiment, the bracket can be driven with a long stroke from the upper end to the lower end of the reader 10. Such a long stroke cannot be obtained by hydraulic cylinder drive. Further, the chain drive does not cause the elongation of the transmission member (rope) as in the case of the wire rope drive or breakage of the wire, and there is no danger that the service life will be reduced even if a sprocket smaller in diameter than the sheave is used. . further,
The chain drive is more resistant to earth and sand adhesion than the screw feed drive. If the rack and pinion drive system is to be applied, the bracket 15 which is a member that moves up and down
A pinion and a drive motor must be installed on the leader, but according to the chain drive as in the present embodiment (FIG. 3), the drive motor 20 is installed on the stationary reader 10 during punching of the pile. Therefore, the configuration of the pressure oil supply means (not shown) is simple. The chain 24 is harder to stretch than a wire rope, but when stretched due to long use, the tension is adjusted by a tensioner 26.

FIGS. 4A and 4B show a mechanism for tilting and swinging the reader in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 described above, wherein FIG. 4A is a plan view, FIG. 4B is a front view, and FIG. FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view near the center of FIG. As shown in FIG. 4B, the tilt frame 14
Is supported by a Y-pin 27 in the vicinity of its upper end, and is supported to be tiltable and tiltable along the XZ plane. The above tilting is driven by the expansion and contraction of the tilt cylinder 15. The tilt frame 14 is supported without rotating around the X axis, and the tilting (tilting around the Y axis) in the tilt direction is controlled with high precision by the expansion and contraction operation of the tilt cylinder 15.
As shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, the reader 10
Is supported by the X-pin 19 with respect to the tilt frame 14. Now, assuming that the tilt tilt of the tilt frame 14 is fixed, the reader 10 is allowed to swing only around the x 'axis.

As shown in FIG. 4C, the cylinder body (specifically, the cylinder bottom) of the swing cylinder 16 is attached to the tilt frame 14, and the piston rod of the swing cylinder 16 is It is attached to the reader 10. The cylinder body portion of the swing cylinder 16 may be attached to the reader 10, but it is easier to attach the cylinder to the tilt frame 14, which is a member closer to the arm 9, because the piping for supplying pressure oil is simplified. preferable. The swing cylinder 16
Is installed in parallel with the Y-axis, the arm of the moment of force for swinging the reader 10 to swing is long, and the swing tilt can be driven with high power and high accuracy, and the swing angle can be adjusted. The reader 10 can rotate around the X-axis and the Y-axis with respect to the tip of the arm 9, but is pivotally supported by the X pin 19 and the Y pin 27 which are separated from each other. The swing motion can be individually driven and adjusted, and the adjusted state can be held firmly.

FIG. 5 shows a vibration pile punching device 1 according to the present invention.
It is a schematic plan view shown for explaining a chuck function of a pile in an embodiment, (A) expresses a function which grips a pile, and (B) expresses a function which rotates a pile which grasped. I have. 5A and 5B, the horizontal direction of the paper is the X axis, the vertical direction is the Y axis, and the Z axis is orthogonal to the paper. Reference numeral 15 denotes the bracket 15 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 described above, which projects from the reader 10 in the X-axis direction and supports the vibration exciter 1. The pile chuck 12 is rotatable around the center line z ′ parallel to the Z axis with respect to the exciter 1. The above-mentioned vibration exciter 1 and pile chuck 12
Indicates that the plane figure is U-shaped or C-shaped
Is formed, and a cutout is formed to communicate the hollow portion with the outer peripheral portion.

When the pile is temporarily held in the Z-axis direction (vertical direction) and the above-described base device (shovel car) is moved in the direction of arrow F as indicated by a virtual line 3 ', 3' The pile at the position is relatively close to the pile chuck 12 as indicated by an arrow F ', and becomes a solid line position 3.
When c is operated, the pile chuck 12 grips the pile 3 from its side. As described above, when the pile H is gripped from the side and the height dimension H of the workable space is restricted due to an air obstacle (see FIG. 8) above the pile driving point, A pile having a length substantially equal to the dimension H can be punched and pulled out. When the pile punching device must be retracted during the pile driving work for some reason, the pile 3 gripped from the side by the U-shaped or C-shaped pile chuck 12 is discharged to the 3 'position ( Relative). Further, the pile chuck 12 holding the pile 3 as shown in FIG. 5 (A) is rotated to a desired angular position θ as shown in FIG. 5 (B). Such functions are, for example, when the pile is not a rotationally symmetrical one such as a columnar pile, when the pile is driven at a predetermined angular position according to the instructions of the construction design document, and when the pile that has already been driven is gripped and pulled out It is effective in the case. In the present embodiment, the pile chuck 12 is the same as FIG.
4 counterclockwise from the neutral position shown in (A)
A total of 90 degrees of reciprocating rotation is possible at 5 degrees and 45 degrees clockwise (clockwise). When the present invention is carried out, by setting the reciprocating rotation stroke angle of the pile chuck to 90 degrees or more, practically all cases can be handled.

FIG. 6 shows a state in which the pile is driven down to below the surface of the pile, or the pile is driven downward by pulling the pile which has been driven below the surface of the pile. ) Is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a case where a pile is gripped by a normal pile chuck, and (B) is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a case where a pile is gripped by a pile chuck according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. Common to FIGS. (A) and (B),
GL is the level of the ground surface, and PL is the level at which the top surface of the pile 3 should be driven, and is set lower than the above GL. The outline of the horizontal cross-sectional shape of the pile chuck 2A and the outline of the horizontal cross-sectional shape of the pile chuck 2B are much smaller than the outline of the horizontal cross-sectional shape of the vibration exciter 1. The vertical dimension h ₁ of the chuck 2A is
It is constructed much smaller than the vertical dimension h ₂ of the B. In a state where the top surface of the pile 3 is driven to the level PL, the chuck for the pile and the shaker do not interfere with the ground.
The digging 4a or the digging 4b is formed. As can be easily understood from the figure, the height is low (dimension h ₁ )
Than the width W ₁ of the cloth digging 4a when the piles chuck 2A, the width W ₂ of the fabric digging 4b when the height of the tall (dimension h ₂₎ Pile chuck 2B is small. That is, by increasing the height of the pile chuck, it is possible to reduce the amount of earthwork required for cutting the cloth digging.

In order to extend the height of the pile chuck, a spacer (not shown) may be interposed between the pile chuck and the vibration exciter 1, as shown in FIG. In the embodiment of), without providing a simple spacer,
The height dimension (h ₂ ) is extended as follows.
That is, in the pile chuck 2A, as compared with the case where only one cylinder 2c for holding the pile is provided, in the pile chuck 2B, a space in which the height dimension is extended (h ₂ ) is effective. , Two cylinders 2c and 2d are arranged in two upper and lower stages. The cylinders 2c and 2d are constituted by hydraulic cylinders. In this embodiment, a hydraulic cylinder is used.

FIGS. 7A and 7B are schematic views for explaining the structure of a hydraulic drive mechanism in a pile chuck in which two horizontal cylinders are arranged in upper and lower two stages. FIG. FIG. 3B is a vertical sectional view. Chuck body 1
Two cylinders 12b are arranged in the upper and lower two stages in the X-axis direction (horizontal direction) in 2a. However, only one of the horizontal cross sections is shown in FIG. Piston rods 12d attached to pistons 12c housed in respective cylinders 12b
Pushes the movable jaw 12e toward the fixed jaw 12f to pinch the pile 3. With such a configuration, the contour shape of the entire pile chuck itself becomes vertically long, and as described with reference to FIG. 6 described above, the amount of earthwork for digging is reduced.
Further, when only one cylinder 2c is provided as shown in FIG. 6 (A), when severe vibration is generated in punching the vibrating pile, the piston and the piston rod rotate together with the movable jaw, and The chuck and the pile are damaged, but if the two cylinders 12b are arranged in parallel as shown in FIG.
2d does not rotate, and damage to the pile chuck and the pile is prevented beforehand.

[0034]

As described above, according to the embodiment of the present invention, the structure and function of the arm are clarified. According to the method of the invention, the arm of the base device is tilted up and down, so that the tip of the arm is bent. The supported leader moves up and down, and the exciter mounted on the leader (and the pile gripped by the exciter via the pile chuck) is moved up and down to drive the pile. And the basic operation of pulling out is performed. Further, since the reader is supported so as to be tiltable about the axis in the X-axis direction and about the axis in the Y direction, tilting in the tilt direction and tilting in the swing direction are possible. In particular, since the tilting in the swing direction is driven by the expansion and contraction operation of the hydraulic cylinder in the Y-axis direction, a powerful swing drive can be finely controlled by using a known appropriate operation valve. Thus, the swing tilt angle can be easily fixedly held or released. When the exciter is operated by adjusting the reader to the desired inclination angle, the vibration having the maximum amplitude in a direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the reader is transmitted to the pile that is gripped at the desired inclination angle, Effective vibratory pile driving and / or vibrating pile removal is performed, and the working efficiency is high and the working cost is reduced.

According to the construction method of the second aspect, the leader can be positioned with respect to the ground using the self-propelled function of the base device. It is misleading that there is no remarkable difference compared to the prior art when only looking at positioning the pile punching point by running or turning a base device (for example, a shovel car) having a turning function and a self-propelled function. However, when the leader is swung and tilted by applying the method of the present invention, the lower end of the leader (a portion facing the ground) moves in the Y direction even when the arm is stationary. By running or turning the base device so as to cancel the movement in the Y direction, accurate pile driving and pile removing operations can be performed quickly and easily. Further, construction vehicles having a turning function and a self-propelled function are generally equipped with a prime mover (for example, a diesel engine) and a hydraulic source (oil pump, operation valve, oil tank, etc.). By receiving the supply of pressure oil, the leader can be tilted and driven to achieve the desired tilt angle without having to provide a hydraulic source dedicated to tilting and swinging. There is no need to move the so-called prime mover or hydraulic power source, or to transport cables and hoses, so it is particularly suitable for sequentially constructing a large number of pile punching points distributed in a large construction site. .

According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the reaction force is supported by the existing piles or structures, a strong initial pressure input or a strong initial pull-out force is applied during the punching of the vibrating piles, so that a high efficiency pile punching is performed. Construction work can be performed. The method of punching a vibrating pile can be summarized as follows. When the friction between the pile and the ground is cut by applying vibration to the pile (static friction is changed to dynamic friction), the pile Since a static pressure is applied or a tension is applied in the pull-out direction, it is obvious that applying a large static pressure or a tension increases the working capacity and improves the working efficiency. Here, in order to apply a strong static pressure or tension to the pile, the strong reaction force must be supported. However, by applying the present invention, the reaction force of the pile punching by the existing pile or structure is applied. When supported, it is easy to obtain a sufficient reaction force to drive or pull out a single pile, and it is possible to perform powerful pile punching by adding static pressure pile punching to vibration pile punching. Further, even in a pile punching work site where construction vehicles cannot easily enter (for example, a steep slope, a soft land, a water area (at sea, on a lake, on a river), etc.), the base material can be carried in relatively easily for construction.

According to the fourth aspect of the invention, when the tilt angle of the reader is adjusted as desired by applying the invention of the first aspect, the reader held by adjusting the tilt angle is parallelized. A force in any direction can be applied to the “pile vibrated by the shaker”. Since the exciter guided by the above-mentioned leader is attached to a portion where the annular chain is stretched in the longitudinal direction of the leader, the exciter is parallel to the leader along with the circumferential rotation of the annular chain. Be lifted or pushed down. As a result, the longitudinal direction of the pile in the posture where the pile is held by the pile chuck, the maximum amplitude direction of the vibration applied from the vibration exciter through the pile chuck, and the press-fitting / pulling-out applied to the pile. The direction of the static force coincides with the operation of driving the pile in a highly efficient and desired direction, and / or the operation of pulling out the pile. In addition, by employing the chain drive method, a relatively long drive stroke can be obtained as compared to the length of the reader, and the lifting force and the descending force are almost equal. Such a long stroke and two-dimensional isotropy cannot be obtained by hydraulic cylinder driving. Such characteristics can be obtained by chain drive or wire rope drive, or screw feed drive or rack and pinion drive. Among these four types of drive methods, resistance to biting of earth and sand is great, and The advantage of only the chain drive system is that the rotating machine for driving (for example, an oil motor) can be fixed to the reader without causing any problem.

According to the construction method of the present invention, even if the height of the work space for the pile punching work is limited, the pile can be easily transferred by the pile chuck, and the pile may be removed during the work due to some circumstances. It is easy to deal with the case where the grip must be released. The present invention relates to a pile punching technique using a leader, and punching of a pile using a leader exerts an advantage when the height dimension of a workable space is limited as described with reference to FIG. . However, if the pile must be suspended from above by a crane with respect to the pile chuck supported by the leader, the pile is suspended in an area where there is no height restriction, and the pile is gripped by the pile chuck. The pile must be moved to the point where the pile is to be driven, and the pile must be driven (pulling out is almost the reverse procedure).
Therefore, by applying the present invention, even in a work area where the height is limited, it is possible to transfer a pile having a length within the limited height, thereby further improving the work efficiency. Furthermore, if the pile is suspended from the pile chuck and gripped, or if the pile is lifted and the pile is released, when the pile is driven in half or when the pile is pulled out halfway, the pile is released for some reason and evacuated. Even if you have to do so, you will be in a predicament where neither binary nor ternary go. Therefore, according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the pile is gripped or released from the side of the pile, so that the grip can be released during the work and can be re-gripped. The civil engineering construction work site is described as "like a battlefield", so there is a high risk of encountering an unexpected accident. Therefore, the practical value of being able to evacuate during the work as described above is high.

According to the apparatus of claim 6, the frame is pivotally supported so as to be tiltable with respect to the tip of the arm installed on the base device, and the reader is supported with respect to the frame so as to be able to swing and tilt. Therefore, the reader can be tilted to any desired posture. Further, since the base device has a turning function and a traveling function, the position of the leader can be positioned at the pile punching work point. Further, the XY coordinate position on the ground facing the lower end of the reader changes with the adjustment of the inclination angle of the reader, and this change in position (misalignment) is determined by the traveling function and the turning function of the base device. And can be corrected. The support state of the leader with respect to the tip of the arm can be tilted about the X axis and also about the Y axis, whereby the leader can be tilted in an arbitrary direction. A frame is interposed between the frame and the reader, and the frame can be tilted only around the Y axis with respect to the arm, and the reader can be tilted only around the X axis with respect to the frame. Since it is supported in this manner, the tilting of the frame with respect to the arm and the tilting of the leader with respect to the frame can be independently connected to each other to be driven and controlled. Adjustment can be performed with high precision without play, and the tilt angle adjusted as described above can be reliably maintained.

According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, a strong pile punching operation is performed by supporting the reaction force of the pile punching operation by the base device holding the pile or the structure fixed to the ground. In addition, regardless of the posture of the base device in the three-dimensional space, the posture of the reader can be tilted or supported vertically as desired, and the supporting posture can be reliably maintained. The leader is not directly supported by the base member, but is supported via an arm which can be tilted up and down. For this reason, even if the “base member holding a pile or a structure fixed to the ground” is a stationary member or a member that cannot be moved up and down, the leader is raised by the up-and-down tilting of the arm to lift the ground. , Or the leader can be lowered to make contact with the ground. The support state of the leader with respect to the tip of the arm can be tilted about the X axis and also about the Y axis, whereby the leader can be tilted in an arbitrary direction. The frame is interposed between the and the reader, the frame can be tilted only around the Y axis with respect to the arm,
The reader can tilt only around the X axis with respect to the frame. Since it is supported in this manner, the tilting of the frame with respect to the arm and the tilting of the leader with respect to the frame can be independently connected to each other to be driven and controlled. Adjustment can be performed with high precision without play, and the tilt angle adjusted as described above can be reliably maintained.
According to the invention of claim 8, the frame is interposed between the arm and the reader, and the "frame capable of tilting tilt but not swinging tilt" is provided with a liquid for swinging in the Y-axis direction. Since the pressure cylinder is mounted and the swing tilt of the reader is driven by the expansion and contraction of the hydraulic cylinder, the tilt angle of the reader with respect to the frame is uniquely determined by the expansion and contraction of the hydraulic cylinder for swing. When the cylinder is fluidly locked, the swing angle of the reader is fixed and is securely held.
It is not limited which of the cylinder body and the piston rod of the swing cylinder is attached to the leader and which is attached to the frame, and the same function is performed in either case, but the body part of the swing cylinder is attached to the frame. At the same time, it is desirable to attach a piston rod to the reader because the piping system for supplying the pressure fluid to the swing cylinder from the base device side and controlling the pressure fluid on the base device side is simplified. Although the hydraulic cylinder is not limited to a hydraulic cylinder, it is appropriate to use a hydraulic cylinder when a shovel-based construction vehicle is used as a base device.

According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, the pile can be driven efficiently and / or pulled out by driving the exciter up and down along the leader. To reciprocate the exciter (specifically, the member supporting the exciter) along the leader, known means of each hand can be applied.・ There is no danger of elongation of the power transmission member as in the drum sheave method, and there is no danger of elongation or wire breakage even when wound with a small radius of curvature. There is no restriction on the location of the rotary drive device as in the rack and pinion system, and there is no danger of significant wear due to the adhesion of earth and sand as in the screw feed system. The support member can be reciprocated in a long stroke from near the upper end to near the lower end of the reader, and a rotary drive device (eg, an oil motor) can be installed on the stationary member, the reader. Greater resistance to sediment deposition of, operation reliable.

According to the tenth aspect of the present invention, the chuck is formed in a U-shape or a C-shape (ie, a shape in which a part of the ring is cut away) so that the pile is penetrated through the hollow portion. Since the pile can be gripped and released from the side, the pile punching operation can be easily performed particularly when the height dimension of the workable space is limited. Furthermore, since the pile gripped by the pile chuck can be reciprocally rotated about its center line, the non-rotationally symmetrical pile can be rotated and driven into a predetermined angular position. The driven pile can be quickly and easily gripped and pulled out, or the pulled-out pile can be rotated to a desired angular position.

According to the eleventh aspect of the present invention, since the chuck cylinders for generating the pressing force for gripping the pile are arranged in two vertical stages, the jaw member driven by the chuck cylinder and pressed against the pile is provided. However, there is no danger of rotating with respect to the pile during the vibration pile punching operation. In addition, the length dimension of the pile chuck in the Z-axis direction becomes longer, and even if the cloth digging to be provided when the top surface of the pile is driven close to the surface of the ground does not have an inner dimension that can accommodate the exciter, In addition, it is sufficient to have an inner dimension that can accommodate the pile chuck, so that the amount of earthwork for digging can be reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows the overall appearance of a vibrating pile punching device according to the present invention, in which (A) is a plan view with horizontal orthogonal coordinate axes X and Y added, and (B) is a front view with vertical coordinate axes. It is the figure which added Z.

FIG. 2 shows an embodiment different from the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 described above, in which a working machine similar to or similar to the embodiment in FIG. 1 is supported by a structure (existing pile) fixed to the ground. It is a front view.

3A and 3B show details of the reader in the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2 described above, wherein FIG. 3A is a schematic front sectional view, and FIG. 3B is a schematic side sectional view. . However, FIG. 2B is not a cross section by a vertical plane.

4A and 4B show a mechanism for tilting and swinging the reader in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 described above, wherein FIG. 4A is a plan view, FIG. 4B is a front view, and FIG.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view near the center of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a schematic plan view for explaining a chuck function of the pile in one embodiment of the vibrating pile punching apparatus according to the present invention, wherein (A) shows a function of gripping the pile,
(B) shows the function of rotating the gripped pile.

FIG. 6 shows a state in which a pile is gripped by a pile chuck in order to drive the top surface of the pile below the ground surface or to pull out the pile driven below the ground surface,
(A) is a schematic sectional view illustrating a case where a pile is gripped by a normal pile chuck, and (B) is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a case where a pile is gripped by a pile chuck according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG.

7A and 7B are schematic views for explaining the configuration of a hydraulic drive mechanism in a pile chuck in which two horizontal cylinders are arranged in two vertical stages, wherein FIG. 7A is a horizontal sectional view,
(B) is a vertical sectional view.

FIG. 8 is a schematic front view showing an example of a state where a pile is gripped and driven into the ground by a pile chuck mounted on an exciter, and the pile driven into the ground is pulled out. It is a figure which can be seen as a state where it is in a state.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Exciter, 2 ... Pile chuck, 3 ... Pile, 4 ... Ground, 4
a, 4b: digging, 4c: ground, 5: leader, 6: excavator as base equipment, 7: leader cylinder, 8
... Excavator construction vehicle as base equipment, 8a ... travel mechanism, 8b ... turntable, 9 ... arm, 10 ... leader, 11
... arm cylinder, 12 ... pile chuck, 14 ... tilt frame, 15 ... tilt cylinder, 16 ... swing cylinder, 17 ... base member, 18 ... existing pile, 19 ... X pin, 20 ... drive motor, 21 ... drive sprocket 22
... lower idler sprocket, 23 ... upper idler sprocket, 24 ... chain, 25 ... tension sprocket, 26 ... tensioner, 27 ... Y pin.

Claims (11)

[Claims] 1. A member supporting a vibration exciter on which a pile chuck is mounted is guided substantially vertically by a leader, and the reader is supported by a base device, and the vibration exciter is operated. In a method of driving a pile gripped by a pile chuck into the ground and / or pulling it out of the ground, the base device is placed on a horizontal ground, and the leader is vertically held by the base device. Assuming three orthogonal axes consisting of a horizontal X axis connecting the center line of the reader and the center of the base device, a horizontal Y axis orthogonal to the X axis, and a vertical Z axis, The above-mentioned reader is supported by the tip of an arm which has a base end attached thereto and which tilts up and down so as to be tiltable substantially about an axis in the X-axis direction and tiltable about an axis substantially parallel to the Y-axis. Pressure A cylinder is arranged substantially parallel to the Y axis and disposed between the arm and the reader. The hydraulic cylinder is extended and retracted to swing the reader about an axis in the direction of the X axis to obtain a desired inclination. Adjusting the angle of the hydraulic cylinder, stopping the expansion and contraction of the hydraulic cylinder, fixing the adjusted tilt angle, and controlling the three-dimensional direction of the reader in the X, Y, and Z coordinate spaces. , Vibration pile punching method. 2. A shovel-type construction vehicle body having a turning function and a self-propelling function is used as the base device, and pressure oil is supplied from the shovel-type construction vehicle. 2. The pressure cylinder and the exciter are actuated.
Vibration pile punching method described in. 3. A gripping mechanism is provided on the base device, and the gripping mechanism grips an existing pile or a structure fixedly constructed on the ground to support a reaction force of a pile punching operation. The method for punching a vibrating pile according to claim 1, wherein: 4. A sprocket is installed at least near each of an upper end portion and a lower end portion of the leader, and an endless annular chain is wound around the sprocket to support a vibration exciter guided by the leader. The endless annular chain is attached to the member, or both ends of the chain are attached to a support member of an exciter and connected in an annular manner, and this is wound around the sprocket, and the sprocket is driven so as to rotate forward and reverse. The vibratory pile punching method according to claim 1, wherein the ring-shaped chain is reciprocally rotated to lift the exciter upward or downward. 5. A pile chuck according to claim 5, wherein a main body of a shovel-type construction vehicle having a function of traveling in an XY plane and a function of turning around a Z axis is used as said base device. Approaching the pile, gripping the pile temporarily held substantially parallel to the Z-axis from the side, receiving the pile, rotating the pile chuck gripping the pile around the center line of the pile, The method according to claim 1, wherein the pile is driven into the ground at a corner position and / or the pile is pulled out from the ground in a procedure substantially opposite to the above. 6. Assuming three orthogonal axes consisting of two horizontal orthogonal axes X and Y and a vertical axis Z, a swivel that rotates around the Z axis while being mounted on a horizontal ground, A shovel-based construction vehicle having a function as a base device, and a leader vertically supported by the base device to guide a support member of the exciter up and down, and a pile chuck mounted on the exciter. A vibratory pile punching device that applies vibration to the pile gripped in step 2 and drives the pile into or pulls out of the ground, comprising an X-Z When the frame is tilted by a pin parallel to the Y-axis at the tip of the arm when it is positioned on a plane, X is set when the tiltable frame is in a vertical position.
The leader is pivotally attached to the frame by a pin parallel to the axis, and the leader is tilted about the Y axis and combined with the swing movement about the X axis to form the Z axis. With a structure that can be tilted in an arbitrary direction compared to the direction, with the tilt of the leader, the pile held by the pile chuck mounted on the exciter always keeps parallel to the leader, A vibratory pile punching device, wherein the maximum amplitude direction of the vibration generated by the vibrator always keeps the same direction as the longitudinal direction of the pile. 7. A base member for gripping an existing pile or a structure fixed to the ground, a leader substantially vertically supported by the base member, an exciter guided up and down by the leader, A pile chuck mounted on a vibration exciter, and vibrating the pile gripped by the pile chuck to drive the pile into the ground or pull it out of the ground; Assuming three orthogonal axes consisting of two orthogonal axes X and Y and a vertical axis Z, when an arm installed so as to be able to move up and down with respect to the base member is positioned on the XZ plane, the tip of the arm A frame parallel to the Y axis is pivotally mounted on the frame, and when the tiltable frame is in a vertical position, X
The leader is swingably attached to the frame by a pin parallel to the axis, and the leader is combined with a tilt motion around the Y axis and a swing motion around the X axis to form a Z axis. With a structure that can be tilted in an arbitrary direction compared to the direction, with the tilt of the leader, the pile held by the pile chuck mounted on the exciter always keeps parallel to the leader, A vibratory pile punching device, wherein the maximum amplitude direction of the vibration generated by the vibrator always keeps the same direction as the longitudinal direction of the pile. 8. A hydraulic cylinder for swing is installed substantially parallel to the Y-axis on the frame pivotally supported so as to be tiltable, and one of a cylinder body and a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is provided. Is attached to the frame, and either the other of the cylinder body and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is attached to the reader, and the expansion and contraction of the hydraulic cylinder causes the frame and the reader to move around a pin parallel to the X axis. The vibrating pile punching device according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the vibrating pile is rotated relatively. 9. A member for supporting the vibrator while being guided in the longitudinal direction by the leader, sprockets installed near the upper end and the lower end of the leader, respectively, An endless annular chain attached to a support member and wound around the sprocket; and a drive means for rotating at least one of the sprockets forward and backward to reciprocate the chain. The vibration pile punching device according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: 10. The pile chuck has a U-shape or C-shape when viewed in the longitudinal direction of the leader, and is located in the U-shape or C-shape hollow portion. 10. The structure according to claim 6, wherein the staked pile is gripped in parallel with the longitudinal direction of the leader and can be reciprocated at least 90 degrees around the longitudinal center line of the stake. A vibration pile punching device according to any of the above. 11. The pile chuck is mounted below a vibration exciter, and a profile of a horizontal cross-sectional shape of the pile chuck is smaller than a profile of a horizontal cross-sectional shape of the vibration exciter; 11. The vibrating pile punching device according to claim 10, wherein the chuck cylinders in the posture are arranged in two stages vertically.