JPS58142193A - Heat accumulating device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention stores thermal energy such as solar heat, and
This relates to heat storage devices used for heating, etc.

In such a conventional heat storage device, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, the inside of a heat storage tank 1 is filled with a heat storage material 2 that causes a phase change, and the heat storage material 2 is filled with heat for heat radiation. Exchanger 3 was buried. In this configuration, heat storage is performed by supplying thermal energy from outside or inside the heat storage tank 1. However, in general, the heat storage material 2
Since the solid phase has a low heat transfer coefficient and its melt has high viscosity, heat cannot be stored quickly by natural convection heat transfer of the melt of the heat storage material 2. Further, heat radiation is performed by the heat exchange medium flowing through the heat exchanger 3 discharging the latent heat of fusion and sensible heat released by the heat storage material 2.

However, at this time, the solid phase 4 of the heat storage material 2 adheres to the heat transfer surface of the heat exchanger 3, resulting in a decrease in heat transfer performance and making it impossible to extract heat effectively. Furthermore, in the case of such heat storage materials that utilize latent heat of fusion, poor responsiveness during supercooling and heat dissipation has been a major obstacle to practical application. Therefore, until now we have added fins to the heat exchanger to increase the heat exchange area.
Alternatively, is it possible to encapsulate heat storage material in capsules to substantially increase the surface area per unit volume and then fill these capsules into a heat storage tank?Is there a way to essentially solve problem J1? Not yet reached.

The present invention aims to significantly improve the heat transfer characteristics of a heat storage device using a heat storage material, which has been a problem with the conventional technology described above, and to dissipate the heat stored in the heat storage material with various efficiencies. do.

In order to achieve this object, the present invention leaves a space above the heat storage material that causes a phase change and the heat transfer medium that changes from liquid to gas when heat is absorbed and from gas to liquid when heat is released. and a heat exchanger through which a heat exchange medium passes is provided in at least the space, and a receiver for condensed liquid of the heat transfer medium is provided in the same space as the heat exchanger in the space. A mechanism is provided for circulating and introducing the condensed liquid into the heat storage material and for controlling the amount of circulation.

With this configuration, during heat dissipation, the low-temperature heat exchange medium flowing into the heat storage tank at least receives heat from the heat storage material and becomes a gas, and the heat transfer medium condenses on the heat transfer surface of the space instant heat exchanger. However, by installing the heat receiver mentioned above, it is possible to prevent the heat storage material from scattering and adhering to the space instant heat exchanger, and also to release the latent heat of vaporization on the heat transfer surface of the space instant heat exchanger. The condensate of the heat transfer medium that turns into a liquid and flows downward can be collected, and a predetermined amount of the condensate can be circulated and introduced into the heat storage material.

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the heat storage device according to the present invention will be described using FIG. 2. Inside the heat storage tank container 5, there is a heat storage material 6 that causes a phase change, such as sodium acetate trihydrate (melting point 68°C1 specific gravity (solid) 1.44t/ctd (liquid) 1.28 fC/al, ), and as the heat transfer medium 7 which changes from liquid to gas when absorbing heat and from gas to liquid when releasing heat, for example, Freon-113 (boiling point 47.6°
C1 melting point -36°C1 specific gravity (25°C) 1,5s6c/
CC) or ] is sealed leaving a space A on one side.

The space A excludes non-condensable gas such as air. Further, as the heat exchange medium 16, for example, a heat exchanger 1o through which water passes is provided in the space 4, and a heat transfer medium 7
A liquid receiver 8 in which the condensed liquid of the heat transfer medium 7 is collected is provided around the heat exchanger 1°, leaving communication between the steam space A and the heat storage material filling part B, and A pump 9 is provided for circulating and introducing a fixed amount into the heat storage material filling part B from the lower part of the heat storage tank container 5. The liquid receiver 8 is a cylindrical container made of metal or synthetic resin, and has an internal volume that can accommodate the entire amount of the condensed liquid of the heat transfer medium 7.

In the above structure, inside the heat storage material 6, there are usually a nest of voids generated by a volume change during crystallization, which is known as heat radiation, and the heat transfer medium 7 is interposed in the void. From this state, heat is supplied from the outside or inside of the heat storage tank 6 to start heat storage. In this heat storage process, the heat transfer coefficient of the solid phase of the heat storage material 6 is generally low, and instead, the heat transfer medium 7 quickly receives heat, and while transmitting heat to the heat storage material 6, it rises inside the heat storage tank 6. go. The heat transfer medium 7 transfers heat to the heat storage material 6 through the above-mentioned voids while repeating evaporation and condensation.

The heat thus supplied is quickly stored, and the inside of the heat storage tank 6 is separated by the saturated vapor of the heat transfer medium 7 consisting of the melt of the heat storage material 6 and liquid gas.

Next, a case will be described in which, for example, water flows into the heat exchanger 10 as the heat exchange medium 16 in the heat dissipation process. When the low-temperature water 16 flows in, the saturated vapor of the heat transfer medium 7 condenses on the tube wall of the heat exchanger 10 in the space A, releasing latent heat of vaporization.

This heats the water 15. The heat transfer medium 7 that has released the latent heat of vaporization condenses and drips. In steps 1 to 1, the condensed liquid of the heat transfer medium 7 is temporarily collected in the liquid receiver 8. The condensed liquid is returned to the heat storage material 6 from the lower part of the heat storage tank 6 by the pump 9. By controlling the amount of liquid transported by the pump 9, a limited amount of the condensed liquid from the heat transfer medium 7 is returned to the heat storage tank 6. sent inside. Then, the amount of gas in the heat transfer medium 7 that receives heat from the heat storage material 6 and reaches the person in the space is limited, and the amount of latent heat of vaporization that is condensed and released on the tube wall of the heat exchanger 10 is determined.

As a result, the water 16 will have a temperature increase value corresponding to this. In step 1, the heat storage material 6 is stirred inside the heat storage material filling part B as the heat transfer medium 7 is vaporized. Also,
When the vapor of the heat transfer medium 7 condenses on the tube wall of the heat exchanger 1o, the vapor pressure of the heat transfer medium 7 in the space decreases, but this is due to the vapor pressure of the heat transfer medium 7 rising in the heat storage material 6. Labeling is done by steam.

At that time, some of the melt of the heat storage material 6 scatters into the space A, but
This is captured by the liquid receiver 8, and the heat storage material 6 is prevented from adhering to the heat exchanger 1o. Furthermore, the melt of the heat storage material 6 is vigorously stirred as described above, crystallizes without causing supercooling or phase capture, and releases the heat of melting. In this way, not only the latent heat of fusion that the heat storage material 6 has, but also the sensible heat can be effectively utilized.

FIG. 3 shows another embodiment, in which a heat exchanger 12 is provided in communication with the space A and the heat storage material filling part B.

Note that the same numbers are used for parts that are the same as in Figure 2. With this configuration, the low-temperature heat exchange medium 16 flowing into the heat storage tank 6 is condensed from the heat transfer medium 7 in the heat exchanger 12 (hereinafter F, referred to as 12-a for convenience) in the space A described above. In addition, indirect heat exchange with the melted heat storage material 6 in the heat exchanger 12 (hereinafter referred to as 12-b for convenience) of the heat storage material filling section B is added, so that heating can be performed even more efficiently. At this time, stirring of the heat transfer medium as described in FIG. 2 occurs inside the heat storage material filling part B, and the heat exchanger (12-b)
The heat transfer coefficient due to indirect heat exchange is significantly improved.

As described above, different tapping temperatures can be obtained by circulating the condensate of the heat transfer medium 7 by the pump 9. When the amount of water flowing through the heat exchangers (8 and 12) is kept constant, the temperature of the hot water that flows through the heat exchanger (8 and 12) is determined by the temperature of the hot water, which means the magnitude of the heat exchange performance.The maximum heat exchange performance is determined by
'A5 Obtained when the amount of heat transfer medium γ condensed on the heat transfer surface of heat exchanger A (8 and 12-a) and the circulation of heat transfer medium 7 introduced into heat storage tank 6 by pump 9 are equal. . Also, in q", the circulation of the heat transfer medium 7 by the pump 9 is 00
In this case, the condensed liquid of the heat transfer medium 7 is collected in the liquid receiver 8 due to the insulation loss of the heat storage tank container 6. As a result, the melt of the heat storage material 6 reaches supercooling while remaining in a static state. In this way, long-term heat storage is possible. In order to start heat dissipation from this state, the condensed liquid of the heat transfer medium 7 may be circulated and expanded into the heat storage tank 5 by the pump 9.

In addition, although the heat exchanger 12 was used as a radiator in the description in Section 2, the heat exchanger 12 can also be used alternately as a heater and a radiator. That is, for example, during heat storage, l! obtained by the solar water heater is supplied to the heat exchanger 12! uj water is extracted and stored in heat, and at the time of heat dissipation, it can be guided to the indoor warm air heater through the heat exchanger 412 by switching the circuit for heating. Also.

The heat exchange medium 16 is something other than water, such as fluorocarbon,
It is also possible to use organic heating media.

As explained above, the heat storage device according to the present invention has (1) a heat transfer medium interposed in the heat storage material, so the response during heat storage is good, and heat can be stored quickly.

(2) By providing the liquid receiver, the separation of the heat storage medium and the heat transfer medium during heat radiation is good, and it is possible to avoid a decrease in the heat transfer coefficient due to the adhesion of the solid phase of the heat storage material.

(3) Heat exchange media with different outlet temperatures can be obtained by controlling the pumping rate.

(4) In particular, when the pumping amount is O, heat can be stored for a long time.

(6) By stirring the heat transfer medium, the heat storage material is crystallized without supercooling or phase separation. Therefore, the responsiveness during heat dissipation is improved.

It has many effects such as

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a heat storage device according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a heat storage device according to the present invention. ...heat storage material, 3,1
q12... Heat exchanger, 4... Heat storage material solid phase,
Completed...Heat transfer medium, 8...Liquid receiver, 9...
... Pump, 16... Heat exchange medium. Name of agent: Patent attorney Toshio Nakao and 1 other person 2nd
Figure 3 Figure 1.5

Claims (1)

[Claims] A heat storage material that causes a phase change and a heat transfer medium that changes from a liquid to a gas when absorbing heat and from a gas to a liquid when releasing heat are sealed in a heat storage tank with a space left above, and at least the space is filled with the heat transfer medium. A heat exchanger through which a heat exchange medium passes is provided, and a receiver for a condensate of the heat transfer medium is provided around the heat exchanger in the space, and the condensate is circulated into the heat storage material. A heat storage device that is equipped with a mechanism to control the amount of heat that is circulated.