JPS58210317A - Combustion chamber of internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To decrease the exhaust smoke of an engine and heighten its output power, by providing a heat-resisting porous thin sheet spacer on the bottom of a cylinder head facing the top of a piston fitted in a cylinder. CONSTITUTION:A cylinder head 3 is secured with an interposed gasket 2 on the top of a cylinder 1 by bolts. The gaket 2 comprises a body 20 and a porous part 21 extending over a combustion chamber (e). A spacer S is composed of the porous part 21 and a support sheet 22 which is thin, heat-resisting and durable. The spacer S is pushed by a piston 4 to reduce the dead volume of the combustion chamber (e) to decrease the exhaust smoke of an engine and heighten its output power.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention aims to minimize the top clearance of a screw 1 at top dead center in an internal combustion engine such as a direct injection diesel engine, thereby minimizing the incomplete combustion space, that is, the dead volume. This provides a combustion chamber for an internal combustion engine that can be used.

In conventional direct injection diesel engines, etc., there are variations in the thickness of the head gasket when tightening the head gasket, which is inserted between the top of the cylinder and the bottom of the cylinder, and the piston, piston pin, and connecting rod. , when considering the cumulative error of Toleran 1 etc. due to the dimensions of the crankshaft, etc.
The top clearance of the piston is 0.6 to 1. It is normal to take about Qmm.

Therefore, a dead volume inevitably occurs at the top of the piston, and due to this dead volume, the pressure 1i! i
This decreases the combustion efficiency and prevents the improvement of combustion efficiency, resulting in incomplete combustion.

Therefore, it is clear that in order to improve the combustion efficiency of the internal combustion 4Ilfl, it is desirable to reduce this dead volume portion as much as possible. Particularly, in small displacement direct injection diesel engines, the above-mentioned disadvantages are common, causing an increase in exhaust smoke and a decrease in engine output.

Therefore, the present invention reduces the dead volume between the piston and the cylinder head at the top dead center position of the internal combustion engine as much as possible, thereby reducing the exhaust smoke of the engine and improving the engine output. It provides a combustion chamber that can be used for combustion purposes.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides, in a combustion chamber disposed between a cylinder head and a cylinder of an internal combustion engine, a lower surface of the cylinder head opposite to a top of a piston fitted in the cylinder. A heat-resistant, porous, thin plate-shaped spacer is provided, and when the engine is operating, this spacer is pressed by the space between the top of the piston and the bottom surface of the cylinder head. tlffl to insult the gaps that are not involved in combustion in the A burner! This is a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine that is characterized by:

By extending the head gasket interposed between the cylinder head and cylinder body to the top of the ff1fi chamber 1i1B (inside the cylinder pore), and pressing this extended part with the top of the piston when the screw is activated. The present inventors are already (3) developing a combustion chamber that can reduce dead volume.

The dead volume of the combustion chamber is adjusted by pressing the head gasket in a so-called 1I combination, so this is an extremely effective means for improving compression efficiency.

The present invention was achieved in order to further improve this excellent technology, and in particular, the dead volume of the combustion chamber is effectively reduced by constructing a spacer provided at the upper part of the combustion chamber from a porous heat-resistant material. It is characterized by the fact that it is designed to be removed in a targeted manner.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a side view showing a part of a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine according to the present invention in cross section.

The upper structure of the internal combustion engine consists of stacking a cylinder head 3 on top of a cylinder 1 (cylinder block) via a head gasket 2, and assembling them together with bolts (not shown). And piston 4 inside cylinder 1
(4) It is designed to reciprocate and compress the air or air-fuel mixture sucked into the combustion chamber C.

Now, the present invention is characterized by the structure of the head gasket 2, which is formed from a gasket body 20 and a porous material 1121 provided over the upper part of the combustion chamber C. , a support plate 2 for supporting this thin perforated part 21 is provided on the upper part of this perforated part 21.
2 are stacked. In this embodiment, the multi-hole placement part 21 and the support plate 22 constitute a spacer S.

The gasket main body 20 connects the cylinder 1 and the cylinder head 3 in a tight manner, and can be made of the material of a commonly used head gasket F.

21st! 1 and FIG. 3 are according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- A partial cross-sectional view and a perspective view of the solid gasket.

The gasket body 20 can be made of a material and having a thickness that is commonly used as described above.

(5) Furthermore, since the support plate 22 is a part that supports the borehole part 21 exposed at the upper part of the combustion chamber C, it is necessary to be a thin plate-like member having heat resistance and durability.

The support plate 22 has a thickness of about 0.2 to 0.4 mm, for example.
It is most preferable to use a heat-resistant stainless steel Ill plate having a thickness of 100 lbs., or a heat-resistant stainless steel plate mainly made of nickel steel.

In the present invention, it is important to provide a part 21 that protrudes from the upper part of the combustion chamber and is deformed by the darkness between the piston and the lower surface of the cylinder head. It is necessary that the material has characteristics such as heat resistance, pressure resistance, and durability, and that its thickness can be easily changed when the space between the piston and cylinder head is pressed. be.

The material having the above characteristics is preferably a cloth-like or felt-like material with high compressibility, such as carbon! Textile fabrics, non-woven fabrics, or heat-resistant materials made of anyone!
It is possible to use the above-mentioned materials made of resin, processed products of fibrous materials made of inorganic materials, etc.

In the present invention, in particular, a part of the thin plate-shaped spacer S is made to protrude into the cylinder, and a porous part is formed by using a porous elastic material in at least this part, so that when the engine is operated, In some cases, fine carbon powder produced by combustion of fuel adheres to this porous part, and the porous part gradually changes to absorb carbon and other particles. It disappears. In this state, it appears as if the lower surface of the shilling head is protected by the porous portion.

When the porous portion 21 is made of a rs fibrous material as described above, it may not have a holding force by itself, and the porous portion 21 may be made of a heat-resistant stainless steel plate or the like. It is preferable to use a stack of support plates 22 made of thin metal plates such as the above.

In addition, for this porous part, it is possible to use a cloth made of open fibers (7) made of a metal or a heat-resistant material, such as a ceramic, but the condition of this cloth is very small. If this is the case, there is a risk that the open fibers or gold 1&W will scatter, so to prevent this, a thin metal plate with a textured surface is placed on one or both sides of the porous area.
It is also possible to form a substantially porous laminate by forming a laminate of a porous portion and a thin metal plate, and providing a number of small holes through the laminate.

If a full FM wire is used, one with a diameter of 10 to 30 microns, preferably 15 to 30 microns, can be used.

Another method is to manufacture a felt-like object using a short piece or short piece of heat-resistant, compressible and moldable material such as gold wire or stone wire. A felt-like material is sandwiched between two metal plates (supporting plates) having small holes, and an 8M body made of these materials is punched to form a sheet-like material with a porous laminated structure as a whole. You can also do that. In this case, the support plate may have no small holes, and the entire laminate structure can be made porous by later punching through the laminate (8).

Figure 4 shows a second embodiment, in which the end 22fi of the support plate 22 is placed on the upper surface of the gasket body 20, and the portion protruding into the combustion chamber is arranged so that the support plate 22 is on the upper surface (lower surface). A porous portion 21 is laminated on the top surface of this. In this embodiment, the surface of the porous portion 21 is supported by the support plate 22, and the porous m21 is not directly exposed to the heat accompanying the combustion of the fuel, so it is highly durable. I'm reading.

Although this embodiment uses a support plate 22 with small holes 23 formed at appropriate locations, it is also possible to use a support plate in which the small holes 23 are omitted.

Moreover, instead of providing the small holes 23 from the beginning, the materials constituting the support@22 and the porous part 21 are laminated, and this I
41st by punching through the IWI body.
1! A head gasket with a cross section of 1 can be manufactured.

(9) In Fig. 5, the end portion 22a of the support plate 22 is laminated on the lower surface of the gasket body 20, and in the combustion chamber C, the support plate 2
2 is raised and a porous portion 21 is laminated on the lower surface thereof. In this F11I-built gas-fired F, the porous part 21 is inside the combustion chamber! There is no need to drill small holes on the surface of the support.

FIG. 6 shows the edge i of the support plate 22 on the bottom surface of the gasket body 20.
B 22a is located, and this support plate 22 is also located on the lower surface of the porous part 21 in the combustion chamber. Since the porous portion 21 is protected by the support plate 22 as in the example, this porous portion can be protected from flames and durability can be improved.

2.4.5 and 61st! As shown in Fig. I, the present invention provides a spacer S on the gasket main body in a continuous extension part extending over the upper part of the combustion chamber, that is, on the ceiling part facing the upper part of the piston, and makes this spacer a porous part. It is characterized in that it is formed so that it can be deformed by pressing against the contour of the top (10) of the piston and the cylinder head. As mentioned above, a spacer S made of a porous part is provided in the upper part of the combustion chamber,
By pressing this cavity part with the top of the piston unit 1, the dead volume in the combustion chamber can be substantially eliminated.

In conventional internal combustion engines, as mentioned above, due to assembly errors, etc., 1! However, in the present invention, as described above, the lower surface of the cylinder head and the upper surface of the piston press the porous placement part that constitutes the spacer 8, thereby creating a dead volume that reduces the combustion efficiency. Since the De Rados volume can be removed, the incomplete combustion portion can be reduced.

In particular, in the present invention, the spacer S provided at the upper part of the combustion chamber
Since the spacer S is made of a porous material, when the piston presses the spacer S, excessive pressure is not applied to the piston (11). The small pores of the spacer S are impregnated with carbon in the combustion gas, and this solidifies during operation of the internal combustion engine, forming the spacer S into a sheet F, so that the dead volume can be reduced as the engine continues to operate. Yes, pressure 1ii! i! This improves combustion efficiency, reduces exhaust smoke, and increases engine output.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of essential parts showing an example of a combustion chamber according to the present invention, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are a cross-sectional view and a perspective view of a gasket used in the combustion chamber shown in FIG. 1. . FIGS. 4, 5, and 6 are cross-sectional views of essential parts of a gasket used in an embodiment of the present invention. 1. Cylinder, 2. Gas cylinder F13. Cylinder head, 4. Piston, 20. Gasket body, 2
1...Multi-hole trade part, 22...Support plate, 23...Small hole, S...
·spacer. (12) Figure 1 → Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 2 Figure 4

Claims (1)

[Claims] In the combustion chamber disposed between the cylinder head and the cylinder of an internal combustion engine, a porous, heat-resistant thin plate rod is placed on the lower surface of the cylinder facing the top of the piston fitted in the cylinder. 11! An internal combustion engine characterized in that a spacer is provided and the spacer is pressed by the top of the piston during operation of the 41 cabinet to reduce the gap in the ff1fi chamber! Grilling room.