JPS58224549A - Structure of rotary electric machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enhance the efficiency of the whole rotary electric machine with less exciting power loss by supplying a DC exciting current to an armature coil through a rectifier from the secondary coil of a transformer. CONSTITUTION:The middle points of phase coils 1, 11, 21 of an armature are used as input terminals aq, a'q-cq, c'q, and the armature coils and the secondary coils 3, 13, 23 of a transformer 2 are connected to supply a current from the coils 3, 13, 23 through the input terminals to the armature coils, thereby forming a closed circuit. Then, another middle points 4, 14, 24 are used as terminals ap- cp connected to an external connection wire 5, the terminals are connected to one ends 7, 17, 27 of the primary phase coils 6, 16, 26 of the transformer, and arranged to apply the exciting current of a rotor field from the transformer 2 through the armature coils. Then, even if it becomes a large-sized rotor structure so that an air gap between a rotor and a stator becomes long, the exciting loss is reduced as compared with the case of an AC exciting.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to the structure of a four-turn electric machine, and more particularly to the structure of a synchronous machine. Here, the term synchronous machine structure refers not only to the structure of a synchronous generator or a synchronous motor, but also to a so-called thyrist motor whose main body has the same structure as a synchronous machine.

Recently, a concept has emerged that uses a brushless synchronous machine structure and eliminates the exciter. For example, in patent No. 801991 and patent No. 801992, which are inventions of the present inventor, the armature winding and the transformer are connected for such purpose, and the armature winding and the secondary winding of the transformer are connected. On the other hand, the intermediate point of the armature winding is used as a terminal for connecting to an external connection wire, and the load is applied to the armature winding by electrically connecting the primary winding of the transformer and the external connection. In addition to the current, we will also apply an excitation current. As a result, the main body of the synchronous structure can be used as an exciter, and the exciter can be omitted without a brush, but this has the following problems.

In other words, first, when the capacity of the synchronous machine is large, the gap length between the stator and the four rotors becomes large, and at that time, if the exciter is supplied with current excitation from a current source, the force of that current source increases. In addition to worsening the rate, it also causes a large loss to the four AC paths. Furthermore, if a 2-pole machine is built, the exciter becomes 4-pole, and 2
Noise and vibration occur due to the integration of poles and four poles. Therefore, a two-pole machine could not be manufactured using the known patents No. 801991 and No. 801992.

The present invention is a four-turn electric machine of this kind, in which the main body of the synchronous machine structure is used as an exciter, and the armature winding also serves as the exciter winding, by reducing losses and increasing efficiency. The purpose is to easily create a connection that can also be used to create a two-pole machine.

In order to achieve such an object, the present invention provides an electrical connection between the armature winding 1 and the secondary winding 3 of the transformer 2, as shown in FIG. 1, which is a specific electrical connection diagram. A closed four-way circuit including the armature winding 1 and the secondary winding 3 of the transformer 2 is constructed, and the terminal and 7 connecting the intermediate point 4 of the armature winding 1 to the external connection wire 5 are connected to the electric motor. When electrically connecting the intermediate point 4 of the child winding 1 to the terminal Ap of each phase, the rectifier 8 is connected during the connection between the secondary winding 3 of the transformer 2 and the armature winding 1. The arrangement is such that direct current is supplied from the secondary winding 3 of the transformer 2 to the armature winding 1.

Since Figure 1 shows the case of a three-phase synchronous generator, in addition to the single phase shown in the above explanation, there are armature windings 11 and 21 of other phases, and a transformer secondary winding 1. The current shown by the solid arrow, which flows only in the closed four-path formed by the secondary windings 3, 13, and 23 of the transformer 2, is alternating current, so the current at a certain moment considered for each phase is The current flow is shown, with the direction of the arrow pointing in the opposite direction as shown in the other half cycles. Figure 3 shows that when two types of current are passed through a double star connection as described above, the number of magnetic poles created by each of the two types of current can be made in a ratio of 2 to 1. You can know from (a) and (b).

In the winding connection shown in Fig. 3(a), the terminals ap, ag, a'
Let g be the point corresponding to each terminal apaga'g in FIG. 1, and let terminal 0 correspond to the neutral point 31. In this way, 12 magnetic poles are obtained for the current corresponding to the solid line arrow in FIG. 1, and 6 magnetic poles are obtained for the current corresponding to the dotted line arrow in FIG. Also the third
In the winding connection shown in FIG. 1B, 66 poles are obtained with the current corresponding to the solid line arrow in FIG. 1, and 12 magnetic poles are obtained with the current indicated by the dotted line arrow.

As can be seen from this example, in the case of Fig. 1, the synchronous machine armature winding 1 has the number of poles of the transformer secondary 3, 23 for the current that transfers power between it and the external connection wire 5. , intermediate points 14, 24 of armature windings 11, 21, transformer primary winding 16,
26, one end 1727 thereof, rectifiers 18, 28, and terminals bp, cp at intermediate points 14, 24 between armature windings 11, 21 are shown in the figure.

Furthermore, the four-way output terminals ag-a' of the rectifiers 8, 18, 28
g, bg-b'g, cg-c'g are input terminals ag-a'g, bg-b' of armature windings 1, 11, 21, respectively.
Connect with g, cgc'g. Primary winding 6,1 of transformer 2
6, 26 are the output terminals ap of the armature windings 1, 11, 21,
Electrical connection is made between bp and cp via a reactor 10. Further, current windings 12, 22, and 32 of the transformer 2 are connected in series between the load 9 and the output terminals ap, bp, and cp.

The armature windings 1, 11, 21 are connected in a double star shape around their neutral point 31. Two types of current flow in the electromagnetic coils 1, 11, and 21. One of them flows between the external connection wire 5 and the direction is parallel as shown by the solid line arrow, and the other one flows between the electromagnetic winding 1 and the external connection line 5 as shown by the dotted line arrow.
, 11, 21 is twice or 1/2 the number of poles created by the current that transfers power between the winding 3 and the winding 3. When this synchronous machine armature winding 1 receives power from the external connection wire 5, it becomes a generator, and when it receives power from the external connection 5, it becomes a motor.

I will now explain about synchronous power generation.

The rotor has an excitation winding 15 and an excitation winding 20, and an electrical connection is made between the two coils through a four-turn rectifier 19. The number of poles created by the current flowing when the electromagnetic winding 1 receives power from the transformer secondary winding 3, that is, 1 in the example of Fig. 3(b).
However, if the excitation winding 15 of the four rotor is made into 12 poles in response to this, the excitation winding 15 will have an electromotive force corresponding to the current flowing through the transformer secondary winding 3. induce. As a result, a field current flows through the four-turn rectifier 19 to the field winding 20. If the field current is arranged so as to create six magnetic poles by flowing the field current, the magnetic poles will correspond to the six poles. Since the double-weight armature windings 1, 11, and 21 are connected to six poles, this synchronous generator operates as a six-pole synchronous generator. This field winding 20 is a three-phase winding with two-phase windings 29 and 30 connected in series, and DC is supplied from the rotary rectifier 19 to the series circuit, and the other phase windings 25 are short-circuited. This rotor winding connection, which operates as a brake winding, is only one example, and various other connections are also conceivable.

However, if you do this, you will find the following:

That is, since the rotary rectifier 19 is a rectifier provided on a rotor and arranged to rotate together with the rotor, it has a completely brushless structure. Transformer 2
Since the magnetic dynamic current generated in the armature windings 1, 11, 21 from the secondary windings 3, 13, 23 through the rectifiers 8, 18, 28 is direct current, a large rotor structure is formed and the rotor Even if the gap length between the magnet and the same element becomes large, the magnetic dynamic power loss is smaller than in the case of alternating current dynamic magnetism, and the efficiency of the entire device can be kept high. Furthermore, as mentioned at the beginning, when producing a two-pole machine using the variable flow magnetic method, noise and vibration may occur, but with this method, such problems do not occur and a two-pole machine can be produced.

Although the present invention has been explained above using a three-phase synchronous alternating current generator as an example, the case of a single-phase synchronous generator will be explained using the example shown in FIG. The stator winding connection of the single-phase synchronous generator is based on the previously filed Patent Application No. 49712 of 1982 by the present inventor. In other words, the armature winding connection is such that the two phases of the stator armature winding in a normal three-phase double star connection are connected in series, that is, from one terminal F to every other adjacent coil group. Two circuits 33 and 34 in which existing coil groups are connected in series are connected in parallel, two terminals aB are provided at the ends of the circuits, and another coil group is connected to every other coil group in the adjacent coil group. Two circuits 35 and 36 each connected in series are connected in parallel, and the two terminals are connected to a'
As B', connect a and a' and B and B' to make an armature winding connection, connect F and D as both terminals to the external connection wire 5, and connect between a and B and between F and D. The secondary winding 3 and the primary winding 6 of the transformer 2 are electrically connected therebetween. Second
Examples of rotor connections in the figures are indicated by the same symbols as in FIG.

In this way, the same connection as in the case of three-phase connection can be obtained even in the case of single-phase connection, and the same effects as in the case of three-phase connection can be expected.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a specific example of an electrical connection diagram of the present invention, FIG. 2 is also a specific example of an electrical connection diagram of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is an example of a connection diagram of an armature winding used in the present invention. The symbols used for the main parts in these drawings are as follows. 1: Armature winding 2: Transformer 3: Secondary winding of transformer
4: Midpoint of armature winding 5: External connection wire 6: Primary winding of transformer 7: One end of transformer primary winding 8: Rectifier 9: Load 10: Reactor 11 and 21: Armature winding 13 and 23: Transformer secondary windings 14 and 24:
Midpoint of armature winding 16 and 26: Transformer primary winding 17 and 27: One end of transformer primary winding 18 and 28
: Rectifier 15: Excitation winding 19: Rotating rectifier 20:
Field winding 25: Brake winding 29 and 30: Field winding 31: Neutral point 33: Armature winding 34: Armature winding 35: Armature winding 36: Armature winding Qr, br
, Cp: Armature winding output terminal ag-a'g, bg-b
'g, Cg-C'g: Armature winding input terminal F, D: Armature winding output terminal a, a', B, B': Armature winding input terminal Patent applicant Fukuo Shibata

Claims (1)

[Claims] The armature winding and the secondary winding of the transformer are electrically connected to create a closed four-path including the armature winding and the transformer secondary winding, while the intermediate point where the armature winding is located is called When electrically connecting one phase of the primary winding of the transformer to each phase terminal at the midpoint of the armature winding, the secondary winding of the transformer and the electrical Structure of a four-turn electric machine arranged so that a rectifier is connected during the connection between child windings to supply direct current from the transformer secondary winding to the armature winding.