JPS5833663A - Building hollow block - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to construction blocks and construction hollow block assemblies made of concrete or a similar material and configured to be assembled to each other by mutually engageable protrusion means and groove means. Pertains to.

It is known to form wall blocks from concrete or similar materials, and it is also known to provide such wall blocks with protrusion and groove means to enable controlled assembly. However, building brickwork using conventional methods requires a considerable amount of time, and it is impossible to strengthen walls formed using simple methods. Ta. Furthermore, wall blocks made from conventional 21 concrete are relatively heavy and require a considerable amount of insulation to inhibit heat transfer.

FR 1319'058 shows a hollow block with protrusions and grooves on one side and a smooth surface on the other side.

French Patent No. 1,525,575 also describes the production of building blocks of relatively complex form that are designed to be assembled in a mosaic and are relatively difficult to manufacture.

The main object of the present invention is that it is possible to strengthen the assembly even after it has been formed and assembled from concrete or similar materials, and to be able to strengthen the construction of walls, etc., compared to conventional wall blocks. At the same time, it is lightweight and has sufficient strength to reduce heat transfer using less insulation than conventional wall blocks. An object of the present invention is to provide a hollow block for construction and a hollow block assembly for construction. The hollow block for construction according to the present invention is made of concrete 1
It may be completely or partially filled with reinforcement and/or insulation material for pouring.

According to the invention, a hollow building block includes two laterally spaced side walls connected to each other by at least one web means, and includes at least one open window at the top and bottom of the block. 17 bits, and the horizontal and vertical edge surfaces of the side walls are provided with protrusion means and groove means, and each side wall has protrusion means on a first pair of mutually adjacent edge surfaces. and has groove means on the other pair of mutually adjacent edge surfaces, and the protrusion means and groove means respectively provided on the edge surfaces of each side wall fit into the groove means and protrusion means of the adjacent block. It is sized to fit.

Furthermore, the architectural hollow block assembly according to the present invention includes a full module block configured as described above, a semi-module block,
4 module block, supplementary f3 corner block and insulation block, the module block is substantially rectangular and includes cavities open at the top and bottom. .

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The invention will be explained in detail below by way of example embodiments with reference to the accompanying figures.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, a module block B+ according to the invention as the most applicable embodiment is shown in end view and top view, respectively.

Although hollow building block assemblies comprising hollow blocks and solid blocks are described herein as having horizontally oriented longitudinal axes, building blocks may be vertically oriented if desired. Note that it may also be oriented.

As illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 4, building blocks Bl and BI! are two laterally spaced sides connected by two webs 32 and 32a! ! 20 and 3
0, and defines a cavity 3 that is open at the upper and lower ends of the block.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the building blocks Bl and B2 have grooves 1 extending in the longitudinal direction on the lower edge surfaces of the side walls 20 and 3"O, and W!2
The upper edge surfaces of 'O and 30 have protrusions 2 that also extend in the longitudinal direction. Blocks 81 and B2 are therefore asymmetrical with respect to the central horizontal plane E.

These grooves and protrusions allow the blocks to be vertically stacked one on top of the other in precisely positioned conditions. Also, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, blocks B+ and B2 have corresponding grooves and protrusions on the vertical edges of side walls 20 and 30. i.e. blocks B- and B
2 has a protrusion 2a on the upper vertical edge surface in the side wall diagram, and a groove 1a on the lower vertical edge surface in the side wall diagram. Therefore blocks B1 and 8I! is asymmetric with respect to the central vertical plane E'. These grooves and projections serve to position the block longitudinally or horizontally.

Thus, each side wall 20 and 30 has a projection 2 and 2a on a first pair of adjacent edge surfaces and a groove 1 and 1a on the other pair of adjacent edge surfaces. These protrusions and grooves are assembled with individual protrusions with the grooves of each block closely receiving the protrusions of the adjacent block, and then mortar is placed between them to join the rib blocks. Walls can be built without filling J: Formed to an eel size.

The cavity 3 is a wall constructed from the hollow construction blocks B1 and B2 according to the present invention by filling the cavity 3 with heat insulating material or concrete either separately or in combination after assembling the construction blocks. J: It is used to strengthen etc.

Furthermore, completed walls constructed with the hollow building blocks according to the invention may be reinforced with vertically extending rods, and the blocks used for such purpose have V-shaped webs 3.
2a (FIG. 2) or W-shaped web 32a' (FIG. 4). Web 32.32', 32a%
32a'(1>The upper surface has a V-shaped notch 5 for receiving a horizontal reinforcing rod.

5a and 5d show a modified module block B' in plan and end view, respectively. From these figures, it can be seen that the hollow building block B' has a groove 1 at one end and a protrusion 2 at the other end as seen in FIG. 5a. Similarly, block B' has grooves 1a and projections 2a on its upper and lower edges, respectively, as shown in FIG. 5d. Furthermore, section 5a
As shown in Figures 5d and 5d, both webs or end walls 18 and 19 of block B' are provided with grooves or holes 4a for receiving reinforcing rods, not shown in the figures. It has become. Additionally, these webs have vertically extending recesses 16 suitable for filling with concrete insulation or reinforcing elements (not shown).

Corner blocks Hj and 1 in Figures 5b and 5C]
J' is shown in plan view. The corner block Hj illustrated in FIG. 5b is a convex block having a protrusion protruding from the end surface (upper end surface in the figure) of the block, and the block illustrated in FIG. It is a concave block with a recessed groove in the upper end surface.

The half (upper side in the figure) 6 of the corner blocks 1-1j and 1-1j' is the same or substantially the same as the half-modular block B' shown in FIG. 5a, but the other half of these corner blocks The half (lower side in the figure) 7 is formed so that it can be assembled with another cock, as shown in FIG. 6, to form, for example, a corner of a wall. This 5th b.
The portions 7 of the corner blocks Hj and 1-1j' shown in FIGS. 5A and 5G are in contact with the module block B' shown in FIG. Same direction or 90 degrees or 18'Of
It is designed so that it can be assembled in the direction of rotation. In this case, the projections provided on the parts 7 have been replaced by projections 8 forming corners of a square whose side length is equal to the distance between the projections 28. In addition, section 7 has a smooth end wall 7b without projections, grooves, holes, etc. to form wall corners as shown in FIG. Figure 5b, 5th
The protrusions 8 provided in place of the protrusions 2 in the portions 7 of the corner blocks +j and Hj' shown in Figs. no r
It is designed to fit into I41a.

Figures 6a and 6b are Figures 5a, 5d, and 51)
Figure 5C shows layers (1) and (2) at the corner of the wall formed by the module blocks and corner blocks respectively shown in Figure 5C.

The corners of the wall shown are formed by alternating vertical layers 1 and 2, as is well known.

Figure 7 shows an example of a window hole, with corner blocks,
The semi-modular block shows how the smooth surface of the window hole W is formed using the sealing element. These blocks are respectively labeled l-1j and CI in FIG.
, is shown in L.

The smooth side surface of the window hole W is formed by alternately using corner blocks Hj and semi-modical blocks U. The half-modular blocks U and U' shown in detail in FIGS. 5f, 5g and 5h (plan views of the semi-modular blocks taken along the arrow in FIG. 5f) are generally U-shaped. It has one smooth end wall 7C. Window 10 - The cavity of the module block at the lower edge of the hole W is closed by a sealing element. One such sealing element is illustrated in FIG. 51 and has a flat top surface 7d and a bottom surface with a groove 70. The upper edge of the window hole W is formed by a sealing element U oriented with its open side upward.

A reinforcing rod R is placed in the recess of this sealing element U and then filled with concrete.

FIG. 8 shows a wall structure consisting of a normal size module block B+ and a large module block B2 shown in FIGS. ing. A heat insulating material 12 may be introduced between the foil 13 and the lightweight block 11 to constitute a window with excellent heat insulation properties. Figure 8 shows additional concrete and a filler material 1 that will become the reinforcing member 15.
An example of 4 is shown.

In such a wall structure, as described above, the cavity 3 of the block is filled with a heat insulating material or concrete, and a reinforcing rod (not shown) is inserted therethrough.

FIG. 9 is an enlarged perspective view of the modified block B' shown in FIGS. 58 and 5d.

The constructional hollow block assembly according to the present invention includes heat insulating blocks Bi and Bi as shown in FIGS. 10 to 14.
Contains r. As is clear from these figures,
The insulation block has the same grooves and protrusions as the module block, and is suitable for constructing walls with excellent soundproofing and heat insulation without using concrete or the like.

The arrangement of the grooves and protrusions differs from those of the above-described embodiments in the following points. In the diagram of the two insulation blocks B1 and Bi′ shown, the left side wall 3° has a protrusion 2 on its upper edge.
It has a groove 1 at its lower edge. The side wall 3o also has a groove 18 at its front edge and a protrusion (not shown) at its rear edge. On the other hand, the grooves and protrusions on the right side wall 20 in the figure are arranged in the opposite direction to the left side wall 30 in the above figure, and the groove 1 is provided on the upper edge in the figure of side M12'0. In the figure, a protrusion 2 is provided on the lower edge. Similarly, the front edge of the side wall 20 is shown to have a protrusion 2alfi, and the rear edge of the side wall 20 is provided with a groove (not shown). In other words, the edges of the side walls 20 and 30 have a corner formed between adjacent edges having a protrusion on one side wall and a corner formed between adjacent edges having a protrusion on the other side wall. The protrusions and grooves are arranged so as to be diagonally opposite to the corner formed between the edges. The same thing can be said about the corners formed between the grooved edge parts. According to this configuration, it is possible to orient one type of block in various directions and assemble it with other blocks.

The block shown in Figures 10a and 1'Ob has an overall S-shaped cross-section since the web 40 connecting the two sides W120 and 30 is double-sided.

FIGS. 11 to 14 show some examples of structures constructed using the above-described heat insulation blocks Bi and 3i1.

13- FIG. 11 shows blocks 3i and 13i shown in FIG.
1, and FIG. 12 shows a plan view thereof. A heat insulating material 12' is disposed in a space 45 defined by cavities 3' of vertically adjacent blocks.

Furthermore, FIG. 13 shows how the wall is constructed with insulation blocks 13i and 81' without impairing its insulation properties at the intersection of the wall and the floor 10. From this FIG.
It will be seen that such a problem is easily solved by using an adapter slab 9 having a height equal to the thickness of the floor 10. It should be noted that the insulation block is not limited to having an S-shaped cross section, but may have a cross-sectional shape such as a double S-shape, an M-shape, a double M-shape, etc.

It will be clear to those skilled in the art that the inner corners of all cavities are not sharply formed and are slightly rounded to avoid excessive stresses acting on the corners and causing them to break. Probably. Therefore, the attached drawings in Attachment 14 should be treated as merely definitive.

The blocks according to the invention may be formed by molding concrete I- and are easily compatible with God's forming methods. The blocks may be stacked without the use of concrete or the like, and may be connected by joining methods such as in brickwork or the like. For example, for a block simply divided into half holidays, standard Matsu i-
may be used as insulation.

The most important advantage of the architectural hollow block assembly according to the invention is that the blocks are highly eaves, have sufficient strength and good thermal insulation properties. Moreover, the blocks according to the invention can be manufactured at low cost and make it possible to quickly build walls or similar structures in a simple and safe manner. The walls and the like that have been constructed may be surface-treated in a well-known manner to improve their aesthetic appearance.

In FIG. 15, the double S-shaped block 50 has a side wall 20 and a side wall 20 provided with grooves and projections arranged in the same manner as described for the insulation blocks Bi and 3i1 shown in FIG. It has 3o.

The web 52 connecting these two side walls 20 and 3o is substantially U-shaped and double S-shaped block 50
It consists of

Furthermore, the block 6o shown in FIG. 16 corresponds to the insulation blocks Bi and 3i+ shown in FIG. It has a modified web 62 that is generally oversized to constitute a shaped block.

Finally, the block 7o shown in FIG. 17 also has grooves and projections arranged in the same manner as described above for the block shown in FIG. It has an intermediate wall 72 at the top and three webs 74 connecting the intermediate wall 72 and the side walls 71 and 73.

Although the present invention has been described above in detail with reference to several embodiments, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and various embodiments are possible within the scope of the present invention. This should be obvious to those concerned.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 and 2 are full modicol block B, respectively.
FIG. 1 is an end view and a plan view showing the device. 3 and 4 are an end view and a plan view, respectively, similar to FIGS. 1 and 2, showing a large module block Bt'. Figures 5a-51 are dissections showing modified module blocks, corner blocks, semi-modical blocks, and auxiliary blocks. FIGS. 6a and 6b are preliminary plan views showing the structure of layers I and II at the corner of a wall, respectively, constructed using the blocks shown in FIG. 5. FIG. 7 is a disassembly showing a wall structure with a window hole built using half-block blocks (blocks with a U-shaped cross section) and sealing elements. Figure 8 is a previous cross-sectional view of a wall showing a wall section containing ordinary modular blocks and large 17-module blocks, and a blind window formed of lightweight blocks without heat transfer means and insulation means within the wall section. be. FIG. 9 is an exploded perspective view of the block shown in FIG. 5a. Figures 1'Oa and 1'Ob are perspective views of modified hollow building blocks Bi and 3 i L, respectively. FIG. 11 is a disassembly showing the four blocks shown in FIG. 10 stacked on top of each other and the cavity formed by the stacked blocks filled with insulating pine I. FIG. 12 is a preliminary plan view showing the four blocks illustrated in FIG. 10 arranged horizontally to form a recess into which an insulating mat is inserted. FIG. 13 is a previous longitudinal cross-sectional view illustrating the use of the block illustrated in FIG. 10 in connection with a concrete floor by using an adapter slab. FIG. 14 is an illustrative longitudinal cross-sectional view showing a wall constructed from the hollow architectural blocks shown in FIG. 10 with the upper cavity filled and reinforced with concrete. FIG. 15 is a previous perspective view showing yet another modified embodiment of a block according to the invention. FIG. 16 is a previous perspective view showing one modified example of the block shown in FIG. 15. FIG. 17 is a previous perspective view showing still another example of modification of the block shown in FIG. 15. 1.1a...Groove, 2.2a...Protrusion, 3.3'...
・Cavity, 4a... Groove, 5... Notch, 7
b, 7c... end wall, 7d... top surface, 7e...
Groove, 8... Protrusion, 9... Adapter slab, 10...
・Floor, 11...Pumice block. 12.12'...Insulating material, 13...Foil, 14
... filler, 15 ... reinforcing member, 16 ... recess, 18.19 ... web, 20.30 ... side wall, 3
2.32', 32a, 32a'...web,
4 'O...tsu Ibu, 50...block, 52...
・Web, 60...Block, 62...Web, 7
0...Block, 71...Side wall, 72...Intermediate wall, 73...Side wall, 74...Web 19- Engraving of drawing (no change in content) (Method) (Voluntary) Procedure Written amendment March 11, 1980 Commissioner of the Japan Patent Office Shima 1) Haruki Tono 01, Indication of case 1982 Patent Application No. 11428 2, Title of invention Architectural hollow block 3, Relationship between the person making the amendment and the like Patent applicant address 38' Whey, Telemark, Norway
O'0 Name: Buen Asbien 4, Agent Address: 50-50, 1-5-19 Shinkawa, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104. □. . ,. , picture
``'6. Subject of amendment Power of attorney and translation, drawings, priority certificate and translation 7. Contents of amendment as attached 8. Attachment E III Catalog Power of attorney and translation, drawings, priority certificate disease and translation , manual 373-

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) In a hollow architectural block comprising two laterally spaced side walls connected to each other by at least one web means and having at least one cavity with upper and lower sides, the horizontal and The vertical edge surfaces are provided with protruding means and extinguishing means, and each side wall has protruding means on a first pair of adjacent edge surfaces and groove means on the other pair of adjacent edge surfaces. and the protrusion means and groove means provided on each of the edge surfaces of the side wall are formed in a size such that they fit closely with the groove means and protrusion means of an adjacent block. An architectural hollow block featuring: (2) In a hollow block assembly for construction consisting of a combination of modular blocks having protrusion means and groove means extending in the horizontal and vertical directions, full modular including a combination of a coal block, a semi-modular block, a quarter modular block, a supplementary corner block and an insulating block;
A hollow block assembly for construction, wherein the module block has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape and has a cavity with open top and bottom sides.