JPS583714B2 - Engines for toys and models - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an engine for toys and models that operates using pressurized gas as a power source.

The present invention provides toys and models that have excellent airtightness of the piston that is subjected to the pressing action of pressurized gas in the cylinder, have high utilization efficiency of pressurized gas, have low sliding resistance of the piston, and have excellent engine efficiency. The purpose is to provide an engine for

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention utilizes a valve rod that moves reciprocatingly in conjunction with a crank that converts the reciprocating movement of a piston into a rotational movement, so that an air intake port and an air exhaust port provided with an air intake valve are connected at appropriate times. At the same time, a flexible flange is provided on the outer periphery of the piston that receives the pressure action of pressurized gas in the cylinder to make the inside of the cylinder airtight during pressurization, resulting in excellent pressurization efficiency and It is designed to be able to operate satisfactorily even with gas at about atmospheric pressure.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of an engine for toys and models according to the present invention, and shows its overall configuration.

In the figure, 1 is a cylinder housing a piston 2, 3 is a hollow crankcase consisting of an upper case member 3a formed integrally with the cylinder 1 and a lower case member 3b detachably connected thereto, and 4 is a hollow crankcase. A rotating shaft for extracting engine output; 5 is a bearing for the rotating shaft 4; 6 is an air tank serving as a source of pressurized gas; 7 is a valve unit combining an injection valve 8 and a safety valve 9; 10 and 11 are supplying pressurized gas. It is a road hose.

Next, FIGS. 2 to 4 show details of the structure of the engine main body portion of the first embodiment.

Pressurized gas is fed into the cylinder 1 from an air tank 6 through a hose 10 connected to its upper end.

The piston 2, which is driven by being pushed downward by pressurized gas within the cylinder 1, has a flexible flange 12 on the outer peripheral edge of its pressure receiving surface 2a, which is in close contact with the inner surface of the cylinder.

The flexible flange 12 has a thin triangular cross-section and is configured to protrude from the pressure receiving surface 2a and come into close contact with the inner surface of the cylinder, and has enough flexibility to fit closely into the inner surface of the cylinder.

This flexible flange 12 has the effect of maintaining airtightness similarly to the piston ring.

In the illustrated embodiment, the flexible flange 12 is made of synthetic resin and is integrally formed with the piston 2, but it may also be formed separately from the piston 2 and assembled to the piston 2 later.

The piston 2 is formed with a conically recessed abutment part 2b on its lower end surface side, and the hemispherical upper end part 13 of the connecting rod 13 is attached here.
a is in contact with it.

The lower end of this connecting rod 13 is attached to a pin 1 to a disc crank 14.
5.

The disk crank 14 is fixed to the end of the rotating shaft 4 that protrudes into the crankcase 3.

A bearing 5 of the rotating shaft 4 is fixed to the crankcase 3.

As shown in FIG. 3, an air supply valve device 16 is provided in the bearing 5 of the rotating shaft 4 as part of an air supply path from an air tank 6, which is a pressurized gas source, to the cylinder 1.

That is, the air supply chamber 16a to which one end of the hose 11 is connected and the chamber 16b to which one end of the hose 10 is connected are connected to the air supply port 16.
The air supply port 16c is opened and closed by an air supply valve 16d.

The air supply valve 15d is disposed at the tip of a valve rod 17 that is disposed within the bearing 5 parallel to the rotating shaft 4 and movable in the axial direction.

A cam 18 formed on one side of the disc crank 14 is configured to make surface contact with the end of the valve rod 17 protruding into the crankcase 3.

As shown in FIG. 5, this cam 18 is rotated at a rotation angle θ corresponding to the forward stroke of the piston 2 during the forward stroke (downward stroke) of the piston 2 and at the disc crank 14 so as to open the air supply valve device 16. It is formed with a predetermined cam lift amount h at the location.

Reference numeral 19 in FIG. 3 is an exhaust port having a diameter equal to the outer diameter of the valve rod 11.

This is provided so that the exhaust passage 20 formed as a gap around the outer periphery of the valve rod 17 communicates with the ventilation chamber 16b in the state shown in FIG. 6 in which the air supply valve 16d blocks the air supply port 16c.

That is, the exhaust passage 20 and the ventilation chamber 16b are configured to communicate with each other by a gap between the exhaust port 19 and the small diameter portion 17a of the valve rod 17.

In FIG. 3, reference numeral 21 denotes a discharge port for the exhaust gas exiting the exhaust path 20 mentioned above.

In addition, 22 in FIG. 3 indicates the connecting rod 13 and the disc crank 14.
This is the guide tube that the left end of the pin 15 that connects the two is in contact with.

This is formed as a cylindrical body concentric with the rotation locus of the pin 15 and is fixed to the crankcase 3.

This guide tube 22 is for preventing the pin 15 from coming out of the hole in the disc crank 14.

Furthermore, 23 in FIG. 3 is a sound producing nozzle, which is located at the bottom of the cylinder 1 and is located at the flange 12 of the piston 2 which has reached the bottom dead center position as shown by the two-dot chain line in FIG.
It opens at a slightly higher position.

When the piston 2 moves below this nozzle 23,
The purpose is to generate sound by the pressurized gas discharged through this nozzle 23 and give an onomatopoeic effect.

The operation of the engine of the first embodiment is as follows.

First, pressurized air is stored in the air tank 6 using a simple pump 40 as shown in FIG.

Pressurized air is fed into the air tank 6 by connecting the exhaust tube 41 of the pump 40 to the injection valve 8 of the valve unit 7 and moving the handle 42 up and down several times.

Note that when the air pressure inside the air tank 6 exceeds a predetermined pressure, a safety valve 9 opens to lower the pressure and protect the air tank 6.

After filling the air tank 6 with an appropriate amount of pressurized air, the exhaust tube 42 of the pump 40 is disengaged from the injection valve 8. At this time, the piston 2 is in the backward stroke (ascending stroke) and the valve rod is 17 is moving to the left in Fig. 3 and is the air supply valve 16a.
The air supply port 16c is closed, and the pressurized air in the air tank 6 is stopped at the air supply chamber 16a.

Next, in this state, when the moving object, flying object, etc. to which the engine is attached is pushed to create momentum, the piston 2 moves up and down due to the inertia of the ply wheel, propeller, etc. attached to the rotating shaft 4 and starts its initial movement. .

As the piston 2 moves up and down, the disc crank 14, valve rod 17, etc. start operating, but when the piston 2 first reaches the top dead center and then begins to descend, it is pushed by the cam 18 of the disc crank 14. The valve rod 17 opens the air supply valve 16d.

Therefore, the pressurized gas that has reached the air supply chamber 16a of the air supply valve device 16 from the air tank 6 through the hose 11 is fed into the piston front chamber of the cylinder 1 through the hose 10, and the piston 2 which has passed the top dead center Press down to advance the outbound process.

Just before the piston 2 reaches the bottom dead center, the disc crank 1
The cam 18 of No. 4 reaches its terminal end, and the valve rod 17, which is no longer restrained by the cam 18, is pushed back to the left in FIG. 3 due to the pressure difference between the ventilation chamber 16b and the crank chamber 3c.
The air supply valve device 16 is closed.

At the same time, as shown in FIG. 6, the small diameter portion 17a of the valve rod 17 displaced to the right opens the exhaust port 19 and
b and the exhaust path 20 communicate with each other.

On the other hand, at the same time as the piston 2 reaches the bottom dead center, the cylinder 1 is discharged through the nozzle 23 located on the soil of the pressure receiving surface 2a.
Some of the pressurized gas inside is released and the engine makes noise.

Thereafter, the piston 2, which has passed the bottom dead center, is pushed up by the connecting rod 13, which rises due to the inertia of the flywheel 55, and proceeds on a backward stroke.

Exhaust air accompanying the rise of the piston 2 flows from the hose 10 to the ventilation chamber 1.
6b and is discharged into the exhaust passage 20 through the exhaust port 19, causing almost no resistance to the backward stroke of the piston 2.

In this way, when the piston 2 reaches the top dead center, the disk crank 14 and the rotating shaft 4 have made one revolution, and an output of rotational motion is obtained on the rotating shaft 4.

The piston 2 that has reached the top dead center thereafter repeats the above-described operation and reciprocates.

This engine can be started by applying rotation to at least the piston 2 through the rotating shaft 4 to such an extent that the piston 2 passes through its top dead center.

Further, the stopped state can be maintained by forcibly stopping the rotation of the rotating shaft 4 and stopping the piston 2 at a position between passing the bottom dead center and not reaching the top dead center.

The pressurized gas used in this engine may be compressed air of around 2 atmospheres, but carbon dioxide or other gas may also be used.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.

In FIG. 7, a cylinder 31 containing a piston 32 is shown.
A supply/exhaust hole 33 is provided at the lower end of the cylinder 31 , and a valve housing 38 having an air supply valve device 35 and an exhaust valve device 37 communicating with the supply/exhaust hole 33 is fixed to the cylinder 31 .

The cylinder 36 storing pressurized gas is connected to the inlet port 35a of the air supply valve device 35 through a pipe 39.

The air supply valve 35b constituting the air supply valve device 35 is pushed open to the left by a valve rod 37a constituting the exhaust valve device 37.

The exhaust valve device 37 is opened by the valve rod 37a being pulled out to the right.

The valve rod 37a is attached to the lower end of the swing link 40.

The piston 32 has a flexible flange 42 on its outer peripheral edge on the side of the pressure receiving surface 32a, which is in close contact with the inner surface of the cylinder.

The rod 34 of the piston 32 is connected to a crank 43 of a rotating shaft 44 having a flywheel 41 via a connecting rod 45.

46 and 47 are connecting pins thereof.

One end of a link 48 is connected to the crank 43 by commonly using a connecting pin 46, and the other end of the link 48 is connected to the pin 48.
9 is connected to the upper end of the swing link 40.

The swing link 40 swings at a constant stroke about a pin 50 at an intermediate position.

Thus, the intake valve device 35 and the exhaust valve device 37 are opened and closed via the valve rod 37a in synchronization with the reciprocating motion of the piston 32.

The operation of the engine shown in FIG. 7 will be briefly explained.

This figure shows a state in which the air supply valve device 35 is opened by the valve rod 37a, and the piston 32 pushed by the pressurized gas flowing into the cylinder 31 is raised.

The rotating shaft 44 is rotating counterclockwise.

Just before the piston 32 reaches top dead center, the valve rod 37
With the rightward displacement of a, the air supply valve 35b is pushed to the right due to the pressure difference, and the air supply valve device 35 is closed.

When the piston 32 passes through the top dead center, the valve rod 37a also leaves the exhaust valve device 37 to the right, and the exhaust valve device 37 opens.

Thereafter, the piston 32 descends while exhausting air due to the inertia of the flywheel 41, and proceeds on a backward stroke.

The exhaust gas is released into the atmosphere through the exhaust valve device 37.

As the piston 32 reaches the bottom dead center, the valve rod 3
7a returns to the left and first closes the exhaust valve device 37.

Continuing, when the piston 32 passes the bottom dead center, the air supply valve 3
5b to the left, the air supply valve device 35 is opened.

Therefore, the pressurized gas flowing into the cylinder 31 through the air supply valve device 35 causes the piston 32 to move upward, that is, to move forward.

Thus, one reciprocation of the piston 32 causes the rotating shaft 44 to rotate once, and an output in the form of rotational motion can be obtained.

The engine for toys and models according to the present invention is constructed as described above, operates using pressurized gas as a power source, and has the following effects.

That is, it becomes possible to alternately open and close the intake valve passage and the exhaust port at appropriate times by using the valve rod that reciprocates in conjunction with the crank, thereby eliminating waste in pressurizing efficiency.

In addition, the outer periphery of the piston has a flexible flange that comes into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder, and like the piston ring, this is highly effective in maintaining the airtightness of the pressurized gas sent into the cylinder. Pressurized gas has little loss of energy, and its utilization efficiency is high.

Furthermore, since the flexible flange hardly increases the sliding resistance of the piston, it is possible to construct a toy and model engine with excellent engine efficiency and high output.

[Brief Description of the Drawings] Fig. 1 is an overall perspective view of the first embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a plan view of the engine main body portion, and Fig. 3 is III-1 in Fig. 2.
4 is a sectional view taken along the line ■ to ■ in FIG. 3, FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the disk crank, and FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the air supply valve device.
FIG. 7 is a sectional view of the second embodiment, and FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a pump used to introduce pressurized air into the air tank. 1.31...Cylinder, 2,32...
Piston, 4,43...Crank, 16b...
...Vent chamber, 16c...Air supply port, 16d,
35b...Air supply valve, 19...Exhaust port,
17... Valve rod, 12.42... Flexible flange.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A cylinder into which pressurized gas is sent from a pressurized gas source, a piston driven by the pressurized gas within the cylinder, a crank that changes the speed of the reciprocating motion of the piston into rotational motion, and a crank communicating with the cylinder. a ventilation chamber provided therein, an air supply port communicating with the exhaust port and the pressurized gas source, the air supply port communicating with the ventilation chamber and facing each other at a predetermined interval, and communicating with the pressurized gas source; an air supply valve provided to be openable and closable; a valve rod that moves in an axial direction connecting the air supply port and the exhaust port to alternately open and close the exhaust port and the air supply valve;
and a valve opening/closing mechanism that reciprocates the valve rod in the axial direction in conjunction with the rotational movement of the crank, and a flexible flange that contacts the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder is provided on the outer periphery of the piston. An engine for models and toys characterized by: