JPS5845183A - Composting method - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention relates to an apparatus for composting organic materials such as municipal waste, sewage sludge, and livestock waste, and is designed to perform the functions of stirring and moving materials at the same time using as simple a device as possible. The aim is to reduce the construction cost of large-scale composting equipment by 1%.

Such organic composting operations typically involve the use of materials (composting raw materials).
This is carried out by storing the fermentation material for a certain period of time, and during this period, stirring at appropriate time intervals while supplying an appropriate amount of air from the floor surface to carry out so-called switching, thereby promoting aerobic fermentation. In addition, depending on local weather, environmental conditions, etc., open storage may be performed.

In some cases, air supply from the floor may be omitted, but in any case, when composting, the turning operation is essential for reasons such as homogenizing the material, making the aeration uniform, and substantially expanding the air surface area. It is a simple operation.

On the other hand, in order to make the composting operation continuous, ice is made with a function of moving the material in a fixed direction (direction of compost movement) at the same time as stirring for the above-mentioned turning operation. For this reason, almost all known modern composting equipment has an agitation device capable of stirring and moving at the same time, but as the composting equipment becomes relatively large, the amount of material In view of the fact that conventionally, this agitation device is extremely expensive and has the disadvantage of increasing the construction cost, which accounts for a large proportion of the entire composting device, and increasing the cost, the present invention has been developed. , the agitation device, which has the function of simultaneously stirring and moving materials, can be made smaller and simpler, with almost no relation to the amount of material stored, and the construction costs, especially for large-scale composting equipment, can be significantly lowered. It is something. That is, the present invention moves a stirring device, which has a function of moving materials in substantially the same direction by stirring, along a zigzag trajectory having components in both directions, substantially perpendicular and parallel to the direction of movement of the material. This allows all materials to be stirred, transferred, and moved.

In the present invention, when a rotating stirring paddle having a plurality of rotating paddles projecting approximately radially around a horizontal axis is moved, the compost material is cut down and moved rearwardly under the horizontal axis. the agitation device is rotated in a direction that causes the compost to move; the stirring device is moved back and forth along a transverse direction substantially perpendicular to the compost movement direction from the raw material inlet end of the fermenter to the compost exit end; During the process, the rotating direction of the rotary paddle is rotated so that the moving direction of the compost material scraped by the rotating paddle always matches the moving direction of the pre-distributed compost. movement from said river mouth end towards said inlet end;
This composting method is characterized in that the premanure compost is sequentially advanced in the opposite direction to the direction of movement of the pre-manure compost, and the compost material in the fermentation tank is moved with stirring.

In addition, in this specification, the term "fermenter" is not limited to one installed indoors, but also refers to one such as an open compost storage area in a yard 9 outside the prefecture.

The present invention will be described with reference to the drawings in accordance with embodiments.SR1
The figure is a plan view explaining the present invention in detail, and l in the figure moves the material locally over a short distance (referred to as material movement distance) in the direction of arrow 2.
This shows a stirring device that has both the function of moving by f) and the function of stirring. The stirring device 1 has a rotary paddle with a cut-down dog as described below, and starts moving from a starting point number near the material outlet end 3, and moves in a transverse direction that is approximately perpendicular to the direction of compost movement shown by arrow 2. 5 and S', and arrows 6 and 6' indicating a short distance movement in the parallel longitudinal direction, following a zigzag trajectory as shown, ending near the material inlet end 7. 8, all the materials have been completely moved in the direction of the arrow 2 by the material movement distance due to the movement operation accompanying the stirring of the stirring device 1, as will be described later.

That is, by sequentially advancing the stirring movement of the compost material by the transverse movement of the stirring device 1 in the opposite direction to the compost movement direction, the entire amount of compost material in the fermenter 10 can be moved while being stirred. can.

Having reached the end point 8, the stirring device I returns in the direction of the arrow 12 by a return movement through a passage 11 (in which no material is present) separated from one fermenter 10 by a partition 9 and reaches the starting point 4 again. Alternatively, as another return movement method, the passage 11 may not be provided, and the stirring device 1 may be lifted at the end point 8 to a level higher than the height of the material piled up in the fermenter 10, and then returned to the starting point 4.

In this case, it is of course necessary to add a mechanism for lifting the stirring device l.

2 and 3 show other examples of the movement locus of the stirring device 1. In FIG. 2, instead of the arrows 6 and 6' in FIG. 1,
The trajectory is shown when arrows 13 and 13' are in the composite direction of both components perpendicular and parallel to the moving direction of the material, and FIG. 3 shows the trajectory when the movement of arrow 6 in FIG. 1 is not performed. Of course, all of these are included within the technical scope of the present invention.
be.

According to the method of the above embodiment, the stirring device 11, which has the function of simultaneously stirring and moving materials, can be made small in size, but can be used in a fermentation tank by performing horizontal movement as well as vertical movement. Since it can function for all materials within 1G, it can be downsized almost independently of the storage amount of materials, that is, the amount of the fermenter 10. As a result, even in large composting equipment, not only is the cost reduced by making the agitation device smaller and lighter, but the moving device and lifting device for the agitation device have also been greatly simplified and lightened. , the composting operation can be carried out in continuous operation, and the construction cost of the entire composting apparatus can be significantly reduced.

A more detailed explanation will be given below based on examples. 4 and 5 show a front sectional view and a side sectional view of the embodiment, respectively,
In the case where the fermentation tanks 10 are provided in two stages, upper and lower, in the construction area 14, the stirring device l, which has the function of moving the material in the direction of the arrow 2, is suspended by an arm 17 from a trolley 16 in a lane 15 that runs overhead. Indicate the case. The floor surface of the fermentation tank 10 at each stage is provided with an appropriately divided air chamber 18, and air is supplied upward. The material (composting raw material) is fed by the valves 1-19 to the material inlet end 7 of the upper fermenter IO. In the figure, 20 indicates a material dispersion supply device. 11□ By controlling the movement of lane 15 and trolley 16 in the vertical and horizontal directions,
The material is stirred by moving the stirring device l along the trajectory shown in FIGS. 1 to 3. Similarly, in the lower stage, the material can be moved from the material inlet end 7 to the material outlet end 3 and taken out of the system by the discharge conveyor 21. In the illustrated example, the fermenters are installed in two stages, upper and lower, in order to reduce the site area, but it is of course possible to have three or more stages or a single stage. Crane 1
5 and a drive device such as the trolley 16 are omitted from illustration. ) Figures 6 and 7 show the first embodiment of the stirring device l, with Figure 6 being a perspective view and Figure 7 being a view in the direction of arrow P in Figure 6, showing the state of stirring and movement of the material. show. The stirring device l has a horizontal axis 2z
It is composed of a rotating paddle consisting of a wing 23 that protrudes approximately in the radial direction, and rotates in the direction of an arrow 26. The stirring device 1 is suspended from a truck 16 by an arm 17, and the truck 16 is connected to arrows 12 and 6. It is possible to run vertically in the direction of lane 1.
5 in the direction of arrows 5 and 5'.

This method is applied when the material deposition height b is less than 1 times the outer diameter of the chisel, preferably less than IA times the outer diameter of the chisel. In this case, when the meter 9 is rotated in the direction of the arrow 26, the stirring device 1 is moved in the direction of the arrow 5 in the same manner as described above, and the material is cut down by the circle 23 and scraped into the material. is conveyed backward in the direction of arrow 2, passing under the horizontal axis 22 as shown by dotted arrow 27.

When the stirring device 1 is returned from the end point 8 to the starting point 4, the lifting mechanism can be easily constructed using ordinary design means. Illustrations and explanations are omitted.

According to the invention, the capacity of the agitator can be reduced by moving the agitator not only longitudinally but also transversely to agitate and move the compost material over the entire area of the fermenter. Regardless of the storage amount, that is, the capacity of the fermenter, the capacity is reduced and the size is reduced.

It can be simplified, a common unit can be used for fermenters of different capacities, it is effective when the compost height is smaller than the paddle diameter, especially when it is less than the radius, and the composting operation can be continued continuously. We provide a composting method that can be carried out by operation, and can significantly reduce equipment costs by simplifying and downsizing large composting equipment. It has an extremely large effect.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show embodiments of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a plan view, 1!2
3 is a plan view showing another example of the movement locus of the stirring device, FIGS. 4 and 5 are a sectional front view and a sectional side view of the embodiment, respectively, and FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the stirring device. , FIG. 7 is a view in the direction of arrow P. l... Stirring device, 2... Arrow, 3...
...Material outlet end, 4...Start point, 5.5'
...Arrow, 6.6'...Arrow, 7...
-... Material inlet end, 8... End point, 9...
・Partition wall, lO... Fermenter, 11... Passage, 12... Arrow, 13... Arrow, 1
4... Building, 15... Crane, 16
...Dolly, 17...Arm, 18...
...Air chamber, 19...Bart, 20...
...Dispersion supply device, 21...Discharge con-?
? , 22...horizontal axis, 23...wing. z6...arrow, 27...arrow. Patent Applicant Ebara Corporation Representative Patent Attorney Go Hatayama - Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Equipped with an agitation device having a rotating paddle with a plurality of holes projecting approximately radially around a horizontal axis, the rotating paddle is configured to move compost material at right angles to the horizontal axis J. the stirring device is rotated in a direction so as to cut down and move the compost backwardly under the horizontal axis; the stirring device is rotated approximately at right angles to the direction of compost movement from the raw material inlet end of the fermenter to the compost exit end; Reciprocating movement along the transverse direction: During the movement in the transverse direction, the rotating direction of the rotary paddle is rotated so that the moving direction of the compost material scraped by the rotating paddle always matches the compost moving direction, and , the reciprocating movement of the stirring device in the transverse direction is made to proceed sequentially from the outlet end toward the inlet end in a direction opposite to the compost movement direction, so that the compost material in the fermenter is moved with stirring. Characteristic composting method.