JPS5889044A - One-way rotating electric machine - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION This @piece relates to a cooling structure for rotating electric machines such as generators and electric motors, and provides an improved structure that can particularly improve cooling performance.

Conventionally, many open type electric motors having the structure shown in Figure 1 have been manufactured. If you look at the structure of this, 1 is a housing with both ends open and has a rectangular shape, 2a and 2b are bearing brackets that connect both open ends of the housing 1, and air holes toa and 1o.
Prepare bl. 3 is placed approximately in the center of housing 1 for 9 yen,
It is a stator that costs ¥4, and is equipped with 4t of coils wound around it. The back surface of the stator 3 is supported by a lip 1a protruding from the housing 1, and a cooling air ventilation path 10 is formed between the back surface of the stator 3 and the inner surface of the housing 1 along the lip 1aK. 5 is a rotating shaft rotatably supported by bearings fitted to bearing brackets 2a and 2b;
A telepathic rotor 6 is provided inside the stator core 6. The rotor 6 is equipped with a secondary conductor (not shown), an end ring 7 thereof, and cooling s8a, 8bTo arranged outside the end ring 7. Anniversary fan aa, a
b is tflllIIi5s5 as shown schematically in Figure 2.
A plurality of vane blades 8 arranged radially around
It is composed of C. 9ri fan guide and 1
In addition to recessing the center of the disc-shaped plate material and providing a through hole 9a,
This through hole 9at is intended to be arranged toward the tip of the vane blade.

Now, when the open type electric motor configured as described above starts operating, the air hole 10a is opened by the action of the cooling fan 8a.

The outside air sucked in through the ventilation hole 9a is guided to the ventilation path 1b along the fan guide 9, and is discharged from the ventilation hole 10b through the ventilation path 1b. At this time, the cooling air flows through coil 4.
The end portion 4a of the stator 3 and the back surface of the stator 3 are mainly cooled. At this time, the cooling air flowing out from the ventilation passage 1b to the bearing bracket l-2t) is considerably warmed, and moreover, it spreads into the space inside the bearing bracket l-2k), cooling the bearing bracket l-2t).
As a result, the cooling fan 8b only stirs the warm air flowing out from the ventilation path 1b, and the end 4b of the coil 4 is cooled and separated. It gets harder.

To solve this problem, it is possible to make the cooling mabk larger and increase its capacity, but this would increase the air flow of the cooling Jii8b and increase the noise of the motor. By increasing the size of the fan 8b, the rL loss of the motor increases, and the zero efficiency rate also decreases.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 5, an open type electric motor is also manufactured in which the fluid is discharged to the outside from the A holes 10a and 10b of the respective bearing pumps 2a and 2b. With such a structure, it is possible to cool the ends 4a and 4b of the coil 4, but since a large number of air holes are required for the cooling air, the number of wind blowers 1# increases and noise tends to increase. .

In such open type electric motors, improving the cooling effect has traditionally been an important issue.

Recently, reducing noise has become another important issue. Reduction of Mi can be achieved by reducing the diameter of the blade, but if the diameter of the blade is reduced to 4, the cooling air 1 will be insufficient and the temperature inside the aircraft will rise. Some proposals have been made for blade shapes that reduce the decrease in This involves arranging the blades along the circumference of the rotor from the end face of the rotor so that they are tilted at the same helix angle when the blades are rotated, but 4! Simply tilting the blades will often result in a decrease in air volume and will not yield the desired result.

＄ Therefore, as a result of numerous trial production and trials, we have finally come up with an optimal form of cooling.

That is, the present invention includes a frame body such as a housing or a bracket, a stator that is not disposed on the frame body, a rotor that rotates relative to the stator, and a rotor that is disposed at both ends of the rotor. In a rotating electric machine equipped with a cooling fan consisting of several blades, the cross section of the blades is configured in an arc shape, and the inlet end of the blade is arranged so as to extend in the direction of rotation of the rotor from the outlet end. It is something that will continue.

Below is the basic Meio side of this invention! This will be explained using Figures 4 to 6. Figure 4 shows the open drip-proof type electric motor II (hereinafter referred to as electric motor) with the cooling method already explained in Figure 3.
The left half is the conventional structure, and the right half is the example structure f! This is a comparison. Further, those indicated by the same reference numbers as those of the conventional example, which are easily understood, have the same structure and the same function, so the WR description will be omitted. 11
are cooling layers disposed on both end faces of the rotor 6, and are composed of a large number of vane blades 11aK each having an arcuate cross section. These vane blades 11aij are each inclined at a twist angle a with respect to the rotational direction F of the rotor 6, and due to this inclination, the artificial end 11'b of the vane blade 11a is closer to the rotational direction of the rotor 6 than the outlet end 110. It's progressing to F.

Further, the inner arc surface of the blade blade 11a is directed in the rotational direction F of the rotor, and the exit angle of the blade blade 11a is set within approximately 90 degrees. Furthermore, the diameter r of the outlet end 110 of this vane blade 11a is configured to be smaller than the outer diameter r of the rotor 6. Each feather blade 11
A is formed at the same time as the rotor 6, the secondary conductor bar, and the end ring 7 thereof are die-cast. 12 is a fan guide arranged between the bearing bracket 2b and the coil 4 or the cooling Jti 11;
When the outer periphery of the fan guide 12 is sandwiched and fixed between the pilot surfaces of the housing 1 and the bearing bracket 2b, the fan guide 12 will fit together, and the center will be recessed into the cooling fan 11@ to provide a through hole 12a.

t&, the open ends of the through holes 12a of this fan guide 12 are arranged toward the tips 11d of the respective blades 11a.

When the electric motor configured as described above is operated and rotates in the direction of the first rotor 6t-F, the cooling fan 11 acts.

The outside air sucked in through the air hole 10b opened in the lower half of the bearing bracket (2t) is guided along the outer surface of the fan guide 12 to the through hole 12a side, passes through the through hole 12a, and is then discharged to the coil end 4b side. . The cooling air discharged to the coil end 4b cools the coil end 4b, and then is guided along the inner surface of the fan guide 12 through the air holes 1 opened in the lower half of both sides of the bearing bracket 21) of the housing 1.
It is discharged outside the machine from C. In Fig. 4, only the configuration of the right half of machine X-X has been explained, but the same configuration is naturally adopted for the left half, and the outside air sucked in from the air hole 10a of the bearing bracket 2a passes through the coil end 4a. After cooling, it is discharged from the air hole 1b opened in the lower half of the cylindrical surface of the housing 10 (bearing bracket) 21). If we take the structure of cooling 1i11 like this, cooling 1i41
Since the ventilation performance of the cooling fi11 itself is improved, the diameter r of the cooling fi11 is
Even if 1 is made small, sufficient cooling air volume can be obtained. In addition, by reducing the diameter r of the cooling fan 11 and by using the blade blade 11a having a curved surface, the blade blade 11
The wind deflector of a becomes smaller, and the edge noise generated from this decreases.In addition, if the blades 11a are arranged so that the diameter of the cooling Jgi 11 remains the same as before, the air volume will be larger than that of a cooling fan with a conventional structure. As a result, there is a margin for cooling by this amount, and it becomes possible to cope with X* load operation or overload operation of the electric motor.

Next, the specific *male side of the present invention shown in FIG. 7 will be explained.

That is, on this side, an electric motor is shown which rotates in the direction of the rotating shaft 5t - F in the figure. Components indicated by the same reference numbers as the embodiments already discussed have the same structure, so the explanation will be omitted. That is, reference numeral 11 is a cooling fan disposed on the outside of the end ring 7 formed at both ends of the rotor 60, and each of the blade blades constituting the cooling fan 1a11 is a blade blade, as already explained in FIG. From the inlet end 11t) ft outlet end 110 of
The J trochanter 6) is arranged so as to be advanced in the rotation direction F of the J trochanter 6).

The blade has an arc-shaped cross section, and this inner arc surface is connected to the rotation axis 5. ] It is facing toward the pine tree F. T, the tip of the feather blade 11 drli
, is configured to be tapered from the root al (end ring 7 side). Reference numeral 12 denotes a fan guide, which is disposed outside each of the coil ends 4a and 4b, and members having the same shape can be used.

That is, this fan guide 12 is made by punching and molding from a steel plate, has a concave central part, and has a through hole 12a in the center.
At the same time, this open end is placed with a slight gap between the tip 11d of the blade grade of the cooling unit 1i11. Further, the outer circumferential side of the fan guide 12 is placed between the end face of the steel plate housing 1 and the end faces of the bearing brackets 2a, 2b, and is sandwiched between the housing 1ft and the bearing brackets 2a, 2b.
Bolts tightening between b 13. It is charged by screwing the nut 14. The four annular parts 12b provided near the outer periphery of the fan guide 12 improve the operating performance of the fan guide 12,
This is to prevent vibration of this. In addition, openings in the cylindrical surface of the lower half of the housing 1 are cold air holes 1b, and IQ are openings on the end surface of the solid foot 5 in the housing 1 and the fan guide 1, respectively.
It communicates with the space surrounded by 2 and 2. 15 is a bolt attached to the lower part of the housing 1; %16 is a suspension bolt attached to the upper part of the housing 1.

When the thus configured electric motor starts operating (rotation direction is F), outside air is sucked in from the air holes 10a and 10b opened in the lower half sides of the bearing brackets 2a and 2b, respectively, and flows into the respective coil ends 4a.

After cooling the air hole 1b of the housing 1.

10 and is ejected from the aircraft.

Next, another specific *1 example of the present invention shown in Figure 8 will be explained. This embodiment shows an electric motor that rotates a rotating shaft 5 in the direction F in the figure. Items with the same numbers as those in the previously explained embodiments have the same structure, so explanations are omitted. Fitting of the end face of the housing 1 manufactured by 12Fi and the bearing bracket (2a) on the anti-load side The outer periphery is sandwiched and fixed between the mating surface and the fan guide is formed by punching and forming a steel plate. Arrange them with a thousand gaps. Reference numeral 17 designates the respective bearings 7"j, 2a, 2bt, and the lug bolts fixed to the end face of the housing 1. 1d is a base that is integrally cast with the housing 1.

When the electric motor configured in this way is operated (rotation direction is F), the cooling fan 11 on the opposite load side is forced into the machine through the air hole 10a opened in the lower half of the shelf bracket 2a, and the next cooling occurs. Wind is blown out toward the coil end 4a side from the cooling fan 11 on the zero load side.
The cooling air discharged is guided to the fan guide 12,
It is fed into the ventilation passage 1b on the back side of the stator 3. Ventilation path 1
After cooling the stator, the cooling air sent to the coil end 4b is discharged to the coil end 4b. At this time, housing 1
At the same time, due to the action of the tied lip 1a, the cooling air discharged to the coil end female side is rectified and becomes a laminar flow. The cooling air discharged to the coil end 4b side is further agitated by the action of the cooling fan 11 on the load side, becomes a turbulent flow, and is discharged again to the coil end 4a side. After this turbulent cooling air cools the coil end 4b, it is discharged from the air vent hole 10b in the lower half of the bearing bracket 2b. In this way, the cooling fan 11 on the load side discharges the super-cooling air from the ventilation path 1b in a laminar flow, converts it into a turbulent flow with a high cooling effect, and then supplies it again to the coil end 4b side to cool it. After that, it was ejected from the aircraft.

Therefore, the interior of the electric motor is sufficiently cooled by the action of both cooling debris 11 and 11.

Furthermore, a specific example of the next product using the telekinetic motor 411 is shown in Figure 9, which incorporates the present invention.This example shows an example of an electric motor that directly drives a centrifugal pump. As described above, an electric motor embodying the present invention has directionality in its operating direction, and can therefore be applied to pumps, fans, etc.

This is advantageous when connected to a load that only uses rotation in one direction, such as a compressor. That is, 18 is a pump casing, and has a volute chamber 19 inside. 18a, 18b
, 180 are legs, a suction flange, and a discharge fringe, which are integrally formed with the t'77" casing 18. Both flanges 181), 18
A mounting hole 20 for a gauge and a mounting hole 21 for a priming funnel are provided on the top back side of FIG. 9 of 0. tC1 Although not shown, a drain hole 22 is provided in the pump casing 18 from near the bottom of the volute chamber 19 toward the winding start side of the volute chamber 19 (back side in Figure 9). Reference numeral 25 designates a mounting hole for a cold cage opened in the axial direction of the discharge 7 flange 180. 24 is a liner ring fixed to the pump casing 18; 25 is a spigot surface 1 of the pump casing 18;
There is an OIJ song sandwiched between 8d and the spigot surface %a of the casing cover 26 of the pump casing 18.

A sealing wall 27 that closes the opening of the pump casing 18 is provided at one end of the casing cover 26, and the sealing wall 27 of c.
A housing portion 29 for the mechanical sea/L/2B is provided in the central shaft penetrating portion of the housing 7. Further, a partition wall 3° is provided at the other end of the casing cover 26, and a rectangular storage portion 32 for storing a bearing 31 is provided in the central shaft receiving portion. This housing portion 32 has a 7 for receiving the outer race of the bearing 31.
A lip 55 of tj6 is provided, and a ventilation passage 34 is formed on the outside of the outer race of the bearing 31. 55I/
i Rotating shaft 5 at a position opposite to the bearing 31 across the partition wall 30
The slinger 136 is installed on the top, and the opening between the multiple lips 37 connecting the M stop 1127 and the partition wall 30 is a hole, and the slinger 38 is a water drain provided in the lips 37 located at the bottom. It's a hole. 39 is an L-shaped air hole provided at the end of the casing cover 26 on the partition wall 30 side, and one opening side 59a
f18J Extend parallel to the rotation axis 5, and the other opening side 59
41, which extends along the open end 40 of the casing cover 26, is a bearing fitted to one end of the rotation 5, and is supported by the wheel bearing bracket 2a. A bomb runner 42 is fixed to the other end of the rotating shaft 5 and is disposed within the volute chamber 19 of the pump casing 18. 15Vi, an end face 45t of the housing 1 - a bolt that comes into contact with the open end 40 of the casing cover 26 and fixes the electric motor section to the end of the casing cover 26; 44 is the casing cover 2;
This is a bolt for fixing the pump casing 6 and the pump casing 18 to each other. 45ri base, this base is constructed by bending and forming a steel plate, and bolts 46 are welded in advance on the back side of the parts where bolts need to be tightened.

47 is a round bolt that supports the 71 engine 1 with its head, and its tip is screwed into a nut welded to the back of the base 45. A lock nut 48 is screwed onto the bolt 47, and the bolt 47 is fixed by tightening the lock nut 48 and the nut 46. 49 is the pump casing ゛1
This is a round bolt that is fixed to the leg 18a'i pace 45 of the base 45, and is screwed into a nut 46 that is not welded to the back surface of the base 45.

Now, a structure like this can be built by the following steps. First, the rotating shaft 5 has a bearing 511 and a rotor 6. Bearing 41
First, the stator 5 is press-fitted in the housing 1, and the outer kerat 2a of the rotor 6 is placed, and the bearing 41 is inserted into the housing 1.
support. Next, the slinger 35 is inserted into the partition wall 3 through the window 56.
0, and then the load side fan guide 12
is arranged on the end face 43 of the housing 1 on the load side so that the end face 43 of the housing 1 abuts against the open end 40 of the casing cover 26, and the bolt 13 is tightened. Naturally, at this time, the bearing 31 is supported by the lip 53 provided on the partition wall 30, and the primary mechanical seal 28, which is arranged to stop the rotation of the slinger 354, is connected to the rotating shaft 5 and the housing part of the sealing part 27. Then, the bonder runner 42 is screwed to the shaft end of the rotating shaft 5 with a nut. l[[
Holding the pump 25, place the casing cover 26 against the pump casing, tighten the bolts 44 to fix both, and then assemble the base 45 and other parts to complete the motor-equipped centrifugal pump.

In the electric motor-equipped centrifugal pump constructed in this manner, the mounting holes 20, 21 and the drain holes 22 provided in the pump casing 18 are provided facing in the same direction, thereby simplifying their machining.

Further, since the mounting hole 23 is also provided so as to open in the same direction as the suction flange 18b, machining becomes easy. Furthermore, by configuring the air hole 39 provided in the casing cover 26 that contacts the load-side end surface 43 of the housing 1 in a 5-shape, machining of this portion becomes easy. That is, the casing cover 26 is often manufactured by casting, and in this case, one opening side 39 of the 5-shaped air hole 39 is used.
By arranging 'b along the open end 40 of the casing cover 26, there is no need to additionally process the opening side 59b, so the amount of processing on the open end 40 is reduced.

Additional processing of the casing cover 27 becomes easy.

Also, in casting, it is often difficult to create long and narrow holes in terms of removing sand or pouring hot water.
If the opening end 40 is provided on one opening side 39'b1 of the air hole 59 in this way, these problems can be easily solved. In particular, in such a structure, the width of the air hole 39 must be made narrow for safety reasons.
This is advantageous when a sufficient ventilation area must be secured from the standpoint of cooling.

Furthermore, when the electric motor-equipped centrifugal pump starts operating, the air sucked through the entire ventilation passage 32 on the outer row I side of the bearing 31 by the action of the slinger 35 passes through the shaft penetrating part of the partition wall 30 and reaches the wall surface of the partition wall 30. The bearing 51 is cooled by this. In addition, the drain hole 22 is opened diagonally toward the winding start gAl of the volute chamber 19, and the pressurized water discharged from the outlet of the bomb planner 42 into this hole 22! J: Since the direct entry does not disturb the flux in the volute chamber 19, it is possible to reduce the loss during pump operation. Furthermore, due to the action of the cooling 1111 on the load side, the casing cover 26
The outside air sucked in through the L-shaped air hole 69 provided on the lower half of the cylindrical surface cools the coil end 4b, and then flows out of the machine through the cold air hole 1C provided on the lower half of the cylindrical surface of the housing 1. be discharged. At the same time, due to the action of cooling a11 of the anti-load couple, air travel holes IQ5. After the outside air sucked in is cooled by the coil end 4ai, it is discharged to the outside of the machine through the air hole 1b provided in the cylindrical surface of the lower half of the housing 1.

Now, the electric motor explained in Fig. 1E9 is of #I construction which sucks the outside 97c from both end faces of the housing 1, but this is of course already [the mast thin-wound bonder of the structure explained in Fig. 8]. It is something that can be assembled. In the embodiment, an L-shaped air hole 69 is provided at the end of the casing cover 26, but the air hole 59 may have other shapes such as a T-shape or a U-shape. In either case, one side of the casing cover 2
6, and the other side that is continuous with this side is located inside this from the opening end 40 (11 from the opening end 40).
11) and provide ventilation holes.

In addition, in all the examples, various air holes were provided concentrated in the lower half of the rotating shaft, since the explanation was made for the case where the open drip-proof type electric motor was not provided with the main θη, but other types of electric motors Or with a generator.

Of course, it is also possible to provide an air hole above the rotation axis. Furthermore, in the embodiment, a case where the cooling layer is formed by die-casting integrally with the end ring of the rotor is explained. It can also be assembled on rotating shelves on both end faces. In the embodiment, an example of a rotating electric machine in which the rotor is inside the stator has been described.

The present invention can be similarly applied to a rotating electric machine (outer rotor type) in which a stator is located at the center and a rotor is located outside the stator. Also, -5! In the embodiment, an open-type rotating electrical machine in which various air holes are provided in the frame has been described, but in a completely enclosed rotating electrical machine or a rotating electrical machine that uses a separately excited fan, there is no need to provide such air holes.

As is clear from the above description, the present invention includes a frame such as a housing or a bearing bracket, a stator that is not fixed to the frame, and The vane blades are arranged in such a manner that they are arranged at both ends of the rotor, and the inlet ends of the blades are arranged so as to advance in the direction of rotation of the rotor from the outlet ends. Therefore, according to the cooling configuration 1@ of the present invention, the aerodynamic performance of the cooling fan is improved, so that various cooling performances of the rotating electric machine can be improved.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the structure of a conventional electric motor.
Figure 21 is a schematic diagram for explaining the configuration of a cooling fan of a conventional electric motor, and Figure S is a schematic diagram for explaining the shape of cooling air taken in and discharged from the electric motor. Figure 4 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the structure of a conventional electric motor on the left side of X-X, and the structure of one embodiment of the present invention on the right side of X-X; A thin cross-sectional view explaining the main parts, Figure 6 shows the structure of the cooling fan i1i! Figures showing part of the rotor in the direction of the axis to be explained, Figure 7, Figure 8
Each figure is a partial cross-sectional view for explaining the structure of a specific embodiment, and FIG. 119 is a partial cross-sectional view for explaining an example in which an electric motor to which the present invention is applied is assembled into a centrifugal pump. 1.2a, 2b, 26--Frame body, G-Stator, 5-
... Rotating shaft, 6... Rotor, 11... Cooling fan, 11
a... Vane blade, 11b... Inlet end, 1 'I
G...Exit end. −...Exit angle, F...Rotation direction agent Patent attorney Usui 1) Engraving of Toshiyuki's drawing (
No changes to the content) Figure 1 Arm 3 Figure 4 Rules 5々Continued from page 1 0 Author: Hideki Shinozuka Narashino Car Narashino 7-1-1゜ Hitachi, Ltd., Narashino Factory 0 Author: Hajime Fujita 502 Kandate-cho, Tsuchiura-shi Hitachi, Ltd. Mechanical Research Institute Procedures Amendment (Method) Case indication 1982 Patent application No. 185583 Name of invention Table 6 3 F [1 win Shigeyo Osamu Target drawing of person correction - Contents of surface correction Drawing cleaning number (no changes in content)

Claims (1)

[Claims] t A frame, a stator not disposed in the frame, a rotor that rotates relative to the stator, and a plurality of blades disposed at each end of the rotor. and a cooling layer consisting of blades, the vane blades having an arcuate cross section. The inlet end of this vane blade is 1. A rotating electrical machine characterized by being arranged so as to advance in the rotational direction of the a1 trochanter. 2. A rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotating electrical machine is equipped with a cooling fan whose inner arcuate surface of the vane blades faces in the rotational direction of the rotor. (5) In claim 1 or 2, the blade blades are disposed inside the cylindrical surface of the rotor with an exit angle of 1 mt, and the exit angle of the blades is guided to be close to 90'. A rotating electrical machine characterized by being equipped with a cooling fan.