JPS5891208A - Floating breakwater - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To easily construct a floating breakwater of a simple structure having a high wave-breaking effect by a method in which plural floating cylinders are arranged in parallel at given intervals and integrally connected with one another by means of coupling bars or cables. CONSTITUTION:Cylinders 1 of a reinforced plastic material, etc., are arranged in at least two rows, preferably in three rows, and then fixed to one another by piercing connecting bars 2 through the centers of the cylinders. Also, the connecting bars 2 may be fixed at two upper and lower positions of the cylinders 1. Coupling cables, e.g., chain rope, etc., may be used in the place of the connecting bars of steel tube, reinforced plastics, etc.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a floating wavebank that is easy to construct, has a simple structure, and has high wave-dissipating efficiency.

Conventionally, various wave-dissipating structures have been installed as wave-break equipment at fisheries facilities, port facilities, etc., and have achieved great effects. These wave-dissipating structures generally use concrete materials such as submerged dikes and breakwaters, or concrete concrete slabs such as tetrapods, which have been used for many years as reliable wave-dissipating structures with high wave-dissipating efficiency. It has been adopted. These wave-dissipating structures can be constructed at low cost in shallow waters. However, in recent years, there has been no room for the installation of fishery facilities or port facilities in shallow waters, and they have been forced to move to deep waters. Installing wave-dissipating structures in deep sea areas requires a huge amount of cost using the conventional method, so in recent years, wave-dissipating structures have been frequently installed. Current floating wave machines have excellent workability,
There is no one that satisfies all of the requirements such as cost, wave dissipation efficiency, durability, and safety.

Each company is practicing parables. The present inventors had also previously proposed a floating wavebank using a cylindrical body (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-100010-90/J7), but although it has excellent features in many aspects, it is still lacking in terms of wave-dissipating efficiency. However, as a result of repeated experiments, we found that arranging the cylindrical bodies in parallel with a certain distance from each other has a higher wave-dissipating efficiency and a higher use efficiency of the cylindrical bodies, rather than connecting them in contact. This finding led to the present invention.

That is, the present invention provides an integrally floating structure comprising a large number of cylinders arranged in parallel at predetermined intervals and connected together using connecting rods or connecting cables. It is related to.

The present invention will be explained in more detail below. The cylindrical body constituting the floating wavebank of the present invention may be made of steel pipes, reinforced plastics, concrete, or various metals, and the material thereof is not particularly limited;
In consideration of workability, durability, economy, etc., reinforced plastic materials are advantageous.

In addition, the size of the cylinder varies depending on the wave height and wavelength to be dissipated, and although it cannot be determined generally, the diameter of the cylinder is arm
~3. Om is suitable, and usually one with a diameter of 1 to 10 mm is preferable. If the diameter of the cylindrical body is made smaller, the incident wave will exceed the cylindrical body, or the number of bacterial species that reflect the incident wave on the cylindrical body will be small, and the wave-dissipating energy will be low, making it impossible to obtain sufficient wave-dissipating efficiency. In order to obtain satisfactory wave extinction efficiency with a small-diameter cylinder, a large number of cylinders must be arranged in parallel, which is not economical, and
This results in an unsafe structure. On the other hand, increasing the diameter of the cylindrical body too much increases the area occupied by the floating breakwater at sea.
In addition, it is not suitable because it causes problems with safety, wave-dissipating efficiency, and workability on the mooring surface.

The cylindrical body used in the present invention is preferably provided with a large number of through holes on the peripheral wall surface, and the area of the through holes is Q71 of the peripheral wall area ratio.
The following is preferable. When the through-hole threshold area ratio exceeds a7j, the incident wave easily passes through the cylindrical body without resistance, making it impossible to increase the wave-dissipating efficiency. On the other hand, providing an appropriate through-hole in the cylindrical body allows a portion of the wave energy acting on the cylindrical body to be transmitted through the through-hole, and the waves are dissipated step by step in a plurality of cylindrical bodies. The impact caused by the wave energy also occurs in stages, making it possible to reduce the impact, which is preferable for preventing excessive tension on the mooring line. Furthermore, since the incident wave passing through the through-hole portion passes through the narrow through-hole portion, the wave energy is attenuated by friction, phase, or reflection with the non-through-hole portion.

That is, by providing an appropriate through-hole in the cylinder, favorable effects on wave-dissipating efficiency, mooring safety, etc. can be obtained. The method of providing the through hole in the cylinder is not limited in any way, and it can be determined by the size of the cylinder, taking into account the size that does not significantly reduce the strength of the cylinder body, the size that does not allow incident waves to pass through easily, etc. Naturally, the area per location is limited. The shape of the through hole is not limited to round, oval, triangular, quadrilateral, or other polygons, and may be processed into a shape suitable for each cylinder material. An example of a cylindrical body having a large number of perforations is a cylindrical body structure in which the skeleton has a diagonal lattice pattern on the whole due to a combination of spirals, and the diagonal lattice pattern is a spiral that changes the direction of rotation. A reinforced plastic cylindrical molded product can be considered, which is composed of a plurality of spirals, and has a phase difference in at least one direction of rotation.@The shape of the cylinder is limited to a circular cross section. It can be oval, trapezoid, triangle, quadrilateral, or any other polygon.

Next, in the floating wavebank of the present invention, it is important to arrange several cylinders in parallel at appropriate intervals and connect them with connecting rods, etc., to form a two-body structure. Cylindrical body spacing■
Set up a space that is 0 to 3% times the diameter of the cylinder. When arranging three or more rows of cylindrical bodies, the intervals between the cylindrical bodies do not necessarily have to be equal. Further, the cylindrical bodies are arranged in parallel in at least λ rows, preferably three or more rows, and the respective cylindrical bodies are integrally connected by a connecting rod or the like. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of the floating wavebank of the present invention, in which the cylindrical interval υ is set to 0, the diameter of the cylindrical body l.
This is an example in which the cylinders are made equal to each other, and is composed of three rows of cylinders.

A connecting rod that integrates these three rows of cylinders passes through the center of the cylinders. The connecting rod completely fixes each cylinder to each other,
The fixed part shall be able to withstand waves sufficiently.

In the present invention, it is preferable to use as many connecting rods as possible with appropriate spacing because the force applied to the connecting rods by external forces such as waves is dispersed.

FIG. 2 shows an example in which the cylinders are arranged in three rows as in FIG.
is a floating wave bank fixed at the top and bottom of the cylinder l, and the connecting rod λ
As in FIG. 1, it is desirable to use as many as possible.

In the present invention, connecting rods made of reinforced plastics, steel pipes, etc. are suitable as the connecting rods, but connecting rods such as chains and ropes are used to connect each cylinder at required intervals,
When a drifting force acts on the floating wave bank, the structure may be such that the cylinders are arranged in parallel, or the connecting rod and the connecting cable may be used together. In short, the cylindrical bodies must be connected at appropriate intervals, and the connection must be easy, have sufficient strength, and be able to withstand waves and the like.

A float is attached to a structure that integrates a plurality of such cylindrical bodies to form a floating body of a floating breakwater. When a plurality of floats are attached to the inside and/or outside of the cylindrical body, it is necessary to install them so that the floating wave bank has stable buoyancy as a whole. In the present invention, the type of float, the method of attaching the float, etc. are not limited at all.

As stated above, the floating wavebank according to the present invention has an extremely simple structure, consisting of several rows of cylinders arranged parallel to each other at intervals and connected together using connecting rods or connecting cables. It shows excellent wave-dissipating efficiency as a wave levee, and its practical effects are great.Examples are shown below.

Example 1 A glass fiber roving impregnated with an unsaturated polyester resin was made using a filament winding machine to a diameter of I.
The material was wound helically around an O3 circular mandrel with a width of IJJ m to form a cylinder. Helical reverberations shift the phase so that it returns to its original position during IO reciprocation, and the winding angle is
? Closed. The obtained cylinder was a cylinder for hydraulic experiments with a vague scale and had a large number of diamond-shaped through holes in the shoulder wall of the cylinder, and the area ratio of the through holes to the surface area of the cylinder was O, IJJ. . The reinforced plastic cylinders were arranged in triple rows as shown in Figure 1, connecting rods of reinforced plastic poles were arranged above and below the cylinders, and the connecting rods and each cylinder were made of glass m impregnated with unsaturated polyester resin. Wrap with coarse roving.

The resin was cured to form an integral structure. At this time, the cylindrical body spacing (g) is set to L=0. L=/D, L=-2D, L=JD,
Five types were created where L=IID (where D is the diameter of the cylinder (lα31)).

Both ends of each cylindrical body of the structure were covered with reinforced plastic, and this was fixed to the cylindrical body to give it buoyancy so that the water line was located halfway around the cylindrical body, creating a floating body of a floating breakwater. 0The results of hydraulic experiments using this model are shown in the Jv.! Shown in J. As a result, when the cylinder spacing υ was set to L=/D to 3D, excellent wave-dissipating efficiency was shown, but when L=0. At L=lD, wave extinction efficiency (transmitted wave height/incident wave height, HT/H1)
It would have been a shame to reduce the value to below 03.

Example diameter 161 fi, 7j! r %, /, 173? F
Three sets of cylindrical bodies each having a length of 7 mm were molded from reinforced plastic. 1tjrrL.

ijj wL, /lj rn three cylinders are joined 7
0C11 was inserted and fixed to obtain three long cylindrical bodies of /96 mm. The cylindrical body was formed by a skeleton of an oblique lattice, and the peripheral wall surface had diamond-shaped through holes all over, and the area ratio of the through holes to the surface area of the cylindrical body was 0 Da. These long cylinders are arranged in triple rows, and a connecting rod is passed through the center of the three cylinders as shown in Figure 1, and the connecting rod is inserted into each cylinder using unsaturated polyester resin. The resin was then cured and both were attached with a glass fiber roving impregnated with If@. At this time, the interval between the cylinders was set to kItwL-17 m (the interval between the cylinders at the center of the cylinders was 3./jWL). In addition, a square reinforced plastic molded rod was used as the connecting rod.

Hollowed IIocvtφ floats 3 are each mounted and fixed in the cylinder on the connecting rod. Two connecting rods were attached at approximately equal intervals along the length of the cylinder. The floating breakwater body thus obtained was moved to a depth of 4 by using a mooring line consisting of ropes and chains. The incident wave height and the transmitted wave height were measured over a three-month period as a floating field experiment on the water surface of milk. The results are shown in FIG. Figure 5 shows the wind direction perpendicular to the floating wave bank on the horizontal axis as 06, and the results of investigating the wind direction and wave dissipation efficiency at the time of measurement. As a result, it shows excellent wave-dissipating effects when the wind direction is perpendicular to the floating wave levee, and it is inferred that even if the wind direction changes, the wave-dissipating efficiency can be sufficiently increased by increasing the width of the levee. be done.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1st v! JSII! The λ diagram is a perspective view showing an example of a floating wave dyke according to the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a graph showing wave dissipation efficiency based on the results of a hydraulic experiment using the floating wave dyke of the present invention. Figure 7 shows the side view of the floating wavebank according to the embodiment II! Figure 5 is a graph showing the wave dissipation efficiency when the floating wavebank shown in Figure 1 is used. l...Cylinder body 2...Series connecting rod 3...Float Patent applicant Asahi Kasei Industries Co., Ltd. Agent Attorney Feng Feng / Shu Tong 1st day Said 3

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) An integrally floating structure consisting of a plurality of cylinders arranged in a flat tube at predetermined intervals and connected together using connecting rods or connecting cables. Floating wave 1O (2) A floating wave bank according to claim 1, wherein the cylindrical body has a peripheral wall having a large number of through holes. (3) The floating wavebank according to claim 1, wherein the number of cylinders is three or more. (4) The floating wave machine according to claim 7, wherein the cylindrical body is made of reinforced plastic. (6) The floating wavebank according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of wire rods are provided passing through substantially the center of the cylindrical body. (6) The floating wave machine according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of connecting rods are provided in contact with and connected to the upper and lower surfaces of the cylindrical body, respectively.