JPS59105441A - Reference scale for contrasting blood vessel - Google Patents
Reference scale for contrasting blood vesselInfo
- Publication number
- JPS59105441A JPS59105441A JP57215916A JP21591682A JPS59105441A JP S59105441 A JPS59105441 A JP S59105441A JP 57215916 A JP57215916 A JP 57215916A JP 21591682 A JP21591682 A JP 21591682A JP S59105441 A JPS59105441 A JP S59105441A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- ray
- blood vessel
- reference scale
- rays
- blood
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 210000004204 blood vessel Anatomy 0.000 title claims description 44
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002872 contrast media Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002504 physiological saline solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002792 vascular Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002583 angiography Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002473 artificial blood Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims 1
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 7
- ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver bromide Chemical compound [Ag]Br ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000031872 Body Remains Diseases 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002490 cerebral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004141 dimensional analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002526 effect on cardiovascular system Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013081 microcrystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004088 microvessel Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035790 physiological processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001635 urinary tract Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)
- Apparatus For Radiation Diagnosis (AREA)
Abstract
(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は、血管のＸ線写真画像における血管像の解析の
定量化を図るため、血管径のＸ線造影時に使用する簡便
な基準スケールに関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a simple reference scale used during X-ray imaging of blood vessel diameters in order to quantify the analysis of blood vessel images in X-ray images of blood vessels.
レントゲンによって発明されたＸ線は、非観血かつ無侵
襲で生体内部の観測ができ、医学分野で幅広く利用され
ており、可視光線と同じ作用を写真フィルムにおよぼす
。Ｘ線写真フィルムは感光乳剤層とベースからできてお
り、とれにＸ線が照射されると感光乳剤層中に含まれて
いる臭化銀の微結晶が変化を受け、潜像を形成する。Ｘ
線照射後のフィルムを現像すると、Ｘ線の作用を受けた
臭化銀が還元されて銀粒子となる。Ｘ線の作用を受けな
い臭化銀はそのまま残り、定着により溶解してフィルム
上から取り除かれ透明となる。また還元された銀粒子は
フィルム上に、残存し黒くなる。X-rays, invented by Roentgen, can observe the inside of a living body non-invasively and are widely used in the medical field, and have the same effect on photographic film as visible light. An X-ray photographic film is made up of a light-sensitive emulsion layer and a base, and when it is irradiated with X-rays, the silver bromide microcrystals contained in the light-sensitive emulsion layer undergo a change, forming a latent image. X
When the film after irradiation is developed, the silver bromide that has been affected by the X-rays is reduced to become silver particles. Silver bromide, which is not affected by the X-rays, remains as it is and is dissolved during fixing and removed from the film, making it transparent. Further, the reduced silver particles remain on the film and turn black.
Ｘ線が被写体を透過する際の被写体のＸ線の吸収係数の
大小により、Ｘ線写真フィルム上に濃淡像が形成される
。A grayscale image is formed on the X-ray photographic film depending on the magnitude of the X-ray absorption coefficient of the subject when the X-rays pass through the subject.
生体が自然の状態のままでＸ線写真の十分な濃淡像が得
られるのは、測定対象血管のＸ線吸収係数が周囲の組織
のＸ線吸収係数と大きく異なる場合だけで、生体の大部
分は目的対象と周囲の組織の間のＸ線吸収係数の差は極
めて小さい。鮮明なＸ線画像を得るためには２周囲の組
織に比較してＸ線をよく吸収するか、または逆によ（透
過する物質を測定対象器官内に注入する必要がある。血
管系の造影剤としては、Ｘ線の吸収係数の大きい。Sufficient density images can be obtained in an X-ray photograph when the living body remains in its natural state only when the X-ray absorption coefficient of the blood vessel to be measured is significantly different from the X-ray absorption coefficient of the surrounding tissue. The difference in X-ray absorption coefficient between the target object and the surrounding tissue is extremely small. In order to obtain clear X-ray images, it is necessary to inject a substance into the organ to be measured that either absorbs or transmits X-rays better than the surrounding tissue. As an agent, it has a large X-ray absorption coefficient.
有機ヨード系造影剤が最もよく使用されている。Organic iodinated contrast agents are most commonly used.
生体の代謝に必要な各種物質を血液に託して。The blood is entrusted with various substances necessary for the metabolism of the living body.
体の一部から他の一部へ輸送するパイプとしての血管造
影像の観測は、循環器系疾患の診断及び血液循環器系の
生理学的機能の解明のため、極めて重要である。血管の
次元解析において重要な要素である血管径をＸ線写真画
像から読取ることは。Observation of angiographic images, which serve as a conduit for transporting blood from one part of the body to another, is extremely important for diagnosing circulatory system diseases and elucidating the physiological functions of the blood circulatory system. Reading the diameter of a blood vessel from an X-ray image is an important element in dimensional analysis of blood vessels.
医師の目視判断によるところが大である。＋働医くな・
ており、従来の目視主体の処理を定量自振自動化する社
会的要請は極めて犬である。Much depends on the visual judgment of the doctor. +Don't be a working doctor.
Therefore, there is a strong social demand for automated quantitative self-oscillation of conventional visual-based processing.
従来、Ｘ線画像から血管径を定量化するためには以下の
ような方法が存在していた。Conventionally, the following methods have been used to quantify blood vessel diameter from X-ray images.
１） Ｘ線写真フィルムの画像をスライドプロンエク
タでスクリーン上に拡大するか、あるいは。1) Enlarge the image of the radiographic film onto the screen with a slide projector, or.
写真引伸機を用いて拡大して印画紙上に焼きつけて、こ
れらの拡大された血管像から観測者がものさしを用いて
、血管径を計測する方法。A method in which blood vessels are enlarged using a photographic enlarger and printed onto photographic paper, and an observer uses a ruler to measure the diameter of the blood vessels from these enlarged images.
２） Ｘ線写真フィルムの画像を顕微鏡で拡大して観
測者が目視で測定するか、あるいは、顕微鏡画像をテレ
ビカメラで撮影し、この出力映像信号を２値化して、そ
の幅から血管径を測定する方法。2) The image on the X-ray photographic film can be enlarged with a microscope and measured visually by an observer, or the microscope image can be photographed with a television camera, the output video signal can be binarized, and the blood vessel diameter can be determined from the width. How to measure.
前記（１）の方法では、Ｘ線写真フィルム画像をレンス
て拡大するため、ホケが生じ血管とバックグラウンド及
び血管壁の境界がはっきりしなくなり。In the method (1) above, since the X-ray photographic film image is zoomed in and enlarged, blurring occurs and the boundaries between the blood vessel, the background, and the blood vessel wall become unclear.
測定誤差が生じるとともに、血管径の微細な変化を検出
することが極めて困難である。また、測定はもっばら人
力によるため、測定者の個人的な測定精度のバラツキが
生じ、処理できる点数及び画像枚数に限度があり、多量
のＸ線写真フィルムを処理することは極めて困難である
。In addition to causing measurement errors, it is extremely difficult to detect minute changes in blood vessel diameter. In addition, since measurements are carried out entirely by human labor, there are variations in measurement accuracy among the individual measurers, and there is a limit to the number of points and images that can be processed, making it extremely difficult to process a large amount of X-ray photographic film.
（２）の方法は主に微小血管径の計測に用いられており
、顕微鏡で画像を拡大すると、（１）の方法に比でいる
社会的要請に答えることは極めて困難である。Method (2) is mainly used to measure the diameter of microvessels, and when the image is enlarged using a microscope, it is extremely difficult to meet social demands compared to method (1).
以上のように、従来の血管径の計測法では、Ｘ線画像中
に基準となるものが撮影されていなく。As described above, in the conventional method of measuring the diameter of a blood vessel, a reference object is not captured in an X-ray image.
計測はもっばら目視判断によっているため、多量のＸ線
写真画像の処理及びその定量化を行うに当り、高速、正
確、経済性にみあう方法がなかった。Since measurements are mostly based on visual judgment, there has been no fast, accurate, and economical method for processing and quantifying a large number of X-ray photographic images.
本発明者らは、こうした現状に鑑み、Ｘ線写真フィルム
画像から血管径の定量化について鋭意検討を行った結果
２本発明をなすに致った。すなわち１本発明は、血管系
Ｘ線写真画像から血管径を定量化するため、血管系のＸ
線造影時に測定対象被写体と同時、あるいは同一条件で
撮影することを特徴とする簡易な基準スケールに関する
ものである・。In view of the current situation, the present inventors conducted intensive studies on quantifying the diameter of blood vessels from X-ray photographic film images, and as a result, they came up with the present invention. In other words, the present invention uses the
This relates to a simple reference scale that is characterized by being photographed at the same time or under the same conditions as the object to be measured during radiographic imaging.
このため１人体及び実験研究用生体とＸ線吸収係数が等
価な材質内に、Ｘ線造影対象の血管に等しくなるように
数種類の細長い円形状の穴をあけこの数種類の中に直接
、あるいはこの中に挿入され・た血管に相当するパイプ
内に生理食塩水及び血管造影時に使用する場合と等濃度
の血管造影剤を注入し、この両端を密封することを特徴
とする。For this purpose, several kinds of elongated circular holes are made in a material whose X-ray absorption coefficient is equivalent to that of the human body and living organisms for experimental research, so that they are equal to the blood vessels to be contrasted. It is characterized by injecting physiological saline and an angiographic contrast agent of the same concentration as that used in angiography into the pipe corresponding to the inserted blood vessel, and sealing both ends of the pipe.
以］へ本発明の実施例として、実験研究用動物の血管系
のＸ線造影時に用いる基準スケールの場合について詳述
する。Hereinafter, as an example of the present invention, a reference scale used in X-ray imaging of the vascular system of an animal for experimental research will be described in detail.
第１図は５本発明の基準スケールの概要を示すものであ
り、第２図はその圧面図及び側面図である。基べらスケ
ール本体１は、Ｘ線の吸収係数が生体に近いアクリル樹
脂を使用し、その厚さは７ｍｍとした。観測対象となる
血管径は０５〜２ ｍｍの範囲内であるがため、基準ス
ケール本体１に第１図に示すように、径か０５８〜１．
６７ｍｍまでの５種類モデル血管に相当する穴２をドリ
ルを用いてあける。穴の径の仕上り寸法は顕微鏡あるい
は拡大プロシュクで正確な値を測定する。基準スケール
本体１の厚さは、実験研究用動物の測定対象部分のＸ線
吸収係数と等価となるように厚さを調節する。FIG. 1 shows an outline of the reference scale of the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows its pressure surface view and side view. The base latch scale body 1 was made of acrylic resin with an X-ray absorption coefficient close to that of a living body, and its thickness was 7 mm. Since the diameter of the blood vessel to be observed is within the range of 0.5 to 2 mm, the reference scale main body 1 has a diameter of 0.58 to 1.0 mm, as shown in FIG.
Holes 2 corresponding to five types of model blood vessels up to 67 mm are drilled using a drill. Accurately measure the finished diameter of the hole using a microscope or a magnifying glass. The thickness of the reference scale main body 1 is adjusted so that it becomes equivalent to the X-ray absorption coefficient of the measurement target part of the experimental research animal.
測定部分のＸ線吸収係数が大きく、厚さだけで調節か困
菓１［な場合は、アルミニュウムなどのフィルタ３を用
いて吸収率の調節を行う。If the X-ray absorption coefficient of the measurement part is so large that it is difficult to adjust it only by the thickness, use a filter 3 made of aluminum or the like to adjust the absorption rate.
次に、モデル血管に相当する基準スケール本体１の各種
の細長い穴の中に血液と等価な生理食塩水及び造影剤の
注入法について説明する。第３図はそのための装置の概
略図である。まず、基準スケール本体１を縦にして容器
４に入れ、この容器４を真空用へルジュア５に入れ、真
空ポンプ６を用いてベルシュア５内を真空にする。」二
部に設けた容器７には、生理的食塩水あるいは血管造影
剤を入れておき、ベルジュア５内が真空になるとコック
８を開き、容器７の造影剤を滴下させ、基準スケール本
体１の中に除々に造影剤を満たす。基準スケール本体１
の各パイプ中に造影剤が充満したら、コック８を閉し、
真空用ベルジュア５に空ケル・入れ、基準スケール本体
ｌを取り出し、パイプの両端に設けられたネソ及びパッ
キンヲ閉じて造影剤を密封する。Next, a method of injecting physiological saline equivalent to blood and a contrast medium into various long and narrow holes of the reference scale main body 1 corresponding to model blood vessels will be explained. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a device for this purpose. First, the reference scale main body 1 is placed vertically in a container 4, this container 4 is placed in a vacuum Hersure 5, and the inside of the Versure 5 is evacuated using the vacuum pump 6. A container 7 provided in the second part is filled with physiological saline or an angiographic contrast agent, and when the inside of the Verjure 5 becomes vacuum, the cock 8 is opened, the contrast agent in the container 7 is dripped, and the contrast agent is dripped into the reference scale body 1. Gradually fill the inside with contrast medium. Standard scale body 1
When each pipe is filled with the contrast medium, close the cock 8,
An empty barrel is placed in the vacuum pipe 5, the reference scale main body 1 is taken out, and the seals and packings provided at both ends of the pipe are closed to seal the contrast medium.
本発明においては、まず造影剤が注入される前段際のモ
デル血管用基準スケールとして、基準スケール本体１内
に、上記説明による方法で生理的食塩水のみを注入した
ものを製作した。次に、血管用造影として、尿路及び血
管造影用の水溶性有機ヨード剤であるウログラフィンを
用い、ウログラフィン濃度か３０％、６０％、７６％の
３種類の基準スケールを作製した。In the present invention, first, as a reference scale for a model blood vessel before a contrast medium is injected, a scale in which only physiological saline was injected into the reference scale main body 1 by the method described above was manufactured. Next, for blood vessel imaging, urographin, which is a water-soluble organic iodine agent for urinary tract and angiography, was used to prepare three standard scales with urographin concentrations of 30%, 60%, and 76%.
以上のようにして作製した４種類の血管系造影用基準ス
ケールのＸ線写真撮影を行い、スケールとして使用でき
ることを以下に説明する。The four types of reference scales for vascular system contrast produced as described above were taken with X-ray photographs, and the fact that they can be used as scales will be explained below.
第４図は、Ｘ線撮影装置の概略図である。使用したＸ線
撮影装置は、軟Ｘ線撮影装置で、管球９の管電圧は８０
ｋＶ、管電流は３０ｍＡとし、管球９と被写体である基
準スケール１との間の距離は４９０ ｍｍとし、被写体
とフィルムは密着させ、Ｘ線露出時間は０．１６秒とし
て撮影した。使用したフィルムは軟Ｘ線写真撮影用高感
度用フィルムである。Ｘ線爆方接フィルムカセツテ１０
内のフィルムをＸ線用現像液（ソフドール）を用い、現
像液の温度を２００Ｃとして５分間現像した。現像、定
着後のフィルムに撮影された基準血管となる血管像を第
５図に示す。FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the X-ray imaging apparatus. The X-ray imaging device used was a soft X-ray imaging device, and the tube voltage of tube 9 was 80.
kV, the tube current was 30 mA, the distance between the tube 9 and the reference scale 1 which was the object was 490 mm, the object and the film were in close contact, and the X-ray exposure time was 0.16 seconds. The film used was a high-sensitivity film for soft X-ray photography. X-ray bombardment film cassette 10
The inner film was developed using an X-ray developer (Sofdol) at a developer temperature of 200C for 5 minutes. FIG. 5 shows an image of a blood vessel serving as a reference blood vessel taken on a film after development and fixation.
現像定着の過程を経ててき上ったＸ線写真フィルムにＩ
ｏの強さの白色光線を照射したときの透過光の強さを■
とすると、写真濃度りは次式により定義される。The I
The intensity of transmitted light when irradiated with a white light beam with an intensity of o is ■
Then, photographic density is defined by the following equation.
Ｏ
Ｄ ＝ ｌｏｇ−・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・（Ｉ
Ｊ■
第５図に示されているＸ線画像におけるモデル血管の中
心部の写真濃度を写真濃度計により測定した。O D = log−・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・(I
J■ The photographic density of the central part of the model blood vessel in the X-ray image shown in FIG. 5 was measured using a photographic densitometer.
第６図は２本発明において使用したＸ線写真フィルムの
写真濃度りとＸ線の相対露光量の関係を示す曲線である
。縦軸が写真濃度りてあり、横軸は相対露光量の対数で
ある。FIG. 6 is a curve showing the relationship between the photographic density of the two X-ray photographic films used in the present invention and the relative exposure amount of X-rays. The vertical axis represents photographic density, and the horizontal axis represents the logarithm of relative exposure.
写真濃度りとフィルム上に露光されたＸ線光量Ｅが直線
関係にある場合は、写真濃度でもってＸ線撮影された像
のＸ線量を評価することができる。If there is a linear relationship between the photographic density and the amount of X-ray light E exposed on the film, the amount of X-rays in an image taken by X-rays can be evaluated based on the photographic density.
第６図かられかるように、写真濃度とＸ線露光量は直線
関係になっていないがら、第６図における特性曲線から
Ｘ線露光量を読取って、Ｘ線露光量でＸ線画像の評価を
行う必要がある。第６図における特性曲線は、フィルム
に対してあらがしめわかった露光量を与え、それによっ
て生じる写真フィルムの濃度を測定し、対数で目盛られ
た相対露光量に苅しての写真濃度を示したものである。As shown in Figure 6, although there is no linear relationship between photographic density and X-ray exposure, the X-ray exposure can be read from the characteristic curve in Figure 6, and the X-ray image can be evaluated based on the X-ray exposure. need to be done. The characteristic curve in Figure 6 shows the photographic density obtained by applying a known exposure amount to the film, measuring the resulting density of the photographic film, and dividing it into a logarithmically scaled relative exposure amount. It is something that
第１図における基準スケールをＸ線撮影する場その厚さ
をｄとし、Ｘ線源のＸ線の強さをＩ＋とじ。The reference scale in Figure 1 is the thickness of the field for X-ray photography, and the thickness is d, and the intensity of the X-rays from the X-ray source is I+.
写真フィルム」−に到達するＸ線の強さを１３とする。Let the intensity of the X-rays reaching the photographic film be 13.
Ｘ線源において発生された強さＩ１のＸ線が、第１段階
において、モデル血管を通過すると、その出力Ｘ線の強
さＩ２は指数法則に従い次式で与えられる。When the X-rays of intensity I1 generated in the X-ray source pass through the model blood vessel in the first stage, the intensity I2 of the output X-rays is given by the following equation according to the power law.
Ｉ２−Ｉ＋ｅ−“″ ・・ ・・・・（２）モデル血管
を透過した強さＩ２のＸ線は、さらにアクリル樹脂を通
過するから、フィルム」−に到達するＸ線の強さＩ３は
２次のようになる。I2-I+e- ""... (2) The X-rays with intensity I2 that have passed through the model blood vessel further pass through the acrylic resin, so the intensity I3 of the X-rays that reach the film "-" is 2 It will look like this:
ｈ＝Ｌ＋ｅ−μＩχＸ ｅ ｌ’２ｄ −−（３）
（３）式の両辺の対数をとると。h=L+e−μIχX e l'2d --(3)
(3) If we take the logarithm of both sides of equation.
ｌｏｇ Ｉ３ ＝Ｉｏｇ ｌｌ−４Ｌｌ’ｌｏｇ ｅ
−１１−、ｄ Ｉｏｇ６１ｏｇｅ＝にとおけは。log I3 = Iog ll-4Ll'log e
-11-, d Iog61oge=nito.
ｌｏｇ Ｉ３−１ｏｇｌ＋ ＝Ｋｆｆ＋、ｊ： −ＫＬ
１２ ｄ（４）式の左辺はＸ線の相対露光量の対数であ
る。log I3-1ogl+ =Kff+, j: -KL
12 d The left side of equation (4) is the logarithm of the relative exposure amount of X-rays.
（４）式において、右辺第２項は一定の値となり、相対
露光量の対数値を測定すれば、血管径℃が求められる。In equation (4), the second term on the right side is a constant value, and by measuring the logarithm of the relative exposure amount, the blood vessel diameter °C can be determined.
血管径χヒＸ線の相対露光量の対数値との関係をグラフ
で示すと第８図のようになる。横軸が血管径χであり、
縦軸がＸ線の相対露光量の対数である。この図かられか
るように、血管径ＸとＸ線の相対露光量の対数Ｅとの間
には比例関係が成り立ち、（４）式が成立することが示
される。すなわち。The relationship between the blood vessel diameter χ and the logarithm of the relative exposure amount of X-rays is shown in a graph as shown in FIG. The horizontal axis is the blood vessel diameter χ,
The vertical axis is the logarithm of the relative exposure amount of X-rays. As can be seen from this figure, a proportional relationship exists between the blood vessel diameter X and the logarithm E of the relative exposure amount of X-rays, and it is shown that equation (4) holds true. Namely.
本発明における基、準スケールが血管系のＸ線造影時に
おける標準血管として使用できることが明らかになった
。It has become clear that the standard and quasi scales of the present invention can be used as standard blood vessels during X-ray imaging of the vascular system.
以」二説明した如く本発明によれば、生体とＸ線 １
吸収係数か等価な材質内の細長い円形状の穴またはこの
材質内に通されたパイプの中に、Ｘ線血管 １造影時
に使用する場合上等濃度の血管造影剤を注 ］大した
ものを血管系のＸ線造影時の基準スケールとして使用す
ることにより、Ｘ線写真画像がら血管系を定量化するに
当り、従来の血管の径の測定方式等よりも測定の迅速化
、簡便化が図れ、多量のＸ線写真画像における血管径の
定量化が高精度かつ高信頼で測定することができ、また
人工血管などを使用することにより血管壁の定量化も可
能となり、従来の方式に比べ、この簡便な基檗スケール
を用いることにより、Ｘ線画像からの血管像の解析の向
上及び省力化に極めて有効である。As explained below, according to the present invention, a living body and X-rays 1
Inject an angiographic contrast agent of a superior concentration when used for X-ray blood vessel imaging into a long, circular hole in a material with an equivalent absorption coefficient or into a pipe passed through this material. By using it as a reference scale during X-ray imaging of the system, it is possible to quantify the vascular system from X-ray images, making the measurement faster and simpler than the conventional method of measuring the diameter of blood vessels. It is possible to quantify the diameter of blood vessels in a large number of X-ray images with high precision and reliability, and by using artificial blood vessels, it is also possible to quantify blood vessel walls. By using a simple base scale, it is extremely effective in improving the analysis of blood vessel images from X-ray images and saving labor.
第１図は基準スケールの概要図、第２図は基準スケール
の正面図と側面図、第３図は基準スケール製造装置の概
略図、第４図はＸ線撮影装置の概略図、第５図はＸ線写
真フィルム画像、第６図は写真濃度とＸ線相対露光量の
関係を示す図、第７聞はＸ線の透過モデル、第８図は血
管径とＸ線相付露光量の７」数値の関係を示す図である
。
１゛基準スケ一ル本体、２：モデル血管、３゛フイルタ
、６ 真空ポンプ、９ Ｘ線管球、１０ フィルムカ
セツテ。
第１図 第２図
第３図
第６図
第７図
（ｍｍ）
第１頁の続き
■出 願 人 厚生省国立循環器病センター総長Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the reference scale, Fig. 2 is a front view and side view of the reference scale, Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the reference scale manufacturing device, Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the X-ray imaging device, and Fig. 5 is an X-ray photographic film image, Figure 6 is a diagram showing the relationship between photographic density and X-ray relative exposure, Figure 7 is an X-ray transmission model, and Figure 8 is a diagram showing the relationship between the blood vessel diameter and X-ray phased exposure. ” is a diagram showing the relationship between numerical values. 1. Reference scale body, 2. Model blood vessel, 3. Filter, 6. Vacuum pump, 9. X-ray tube, 10. Film cassette. Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 6 Figure 7 (mm) Continued from page 1 ■Applicant Director General, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Ministry of Health and Welfare
Claims (2)
材質内に、Ｘ線造影対象の血管に等しくなるように数種
類の細長い円形状の穴をあけ、この中に血管造影時に使
用するときと等濃度の血管造影剤あるいは血液と等価な
生理的食塩水等を′注入し。 この両端を密封し、血管系のＸ線造影時の基準スケール
として使用することを特徴とする血管系造影用基準スケ
ール。(1) For human bodies and experimental research.In a material whose X-ray absorption coefficient is equivalent to that of a living body, several types of long and thin circular holes are made to be equal to the blood vessels to be imaged by X-rays, and these holes are used during angiography. An angiographic contrast agent or a physiological saline solution equivalent to blood is injected at the same concentration. A reference scale for vascular system imaging, characterized in that both ends of the scale are sealed and used as a reference scale for X-ray imaging of the vascular system.
チューブ等の血管に相当する数種類のパイプを通し、こ
の中に前記血管造影剤あるいは血液と等価な生理的食塩
水を注入し、その両端を密封することを特徴とする特許
請求範囲第１項の血管造影用基準スケール。(2) Pass several types of pipes corresponding to blood vessels, such as artificial blood vessels or polyethylene tubes, through the circular hole, inject the angiography medium or physiological saline equivalent to blood into the pipes, and seal both ends. The reference scale for angiography according to claim 1, characterized in that:
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57215916A JPS59105441A (en) | 1982-12-07 | 1982-12-07 | Reference scale for contrasting blood vessel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57215916A JPS59105441A (en) | 1982-12-07 | 1982-12-07 | Reference scale for contrasting blood vessel |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS59105441A true JPS59105441A (en) | 1984-06-18 |
| JPS6410219B2 JPS6410219B2 (en) | 1989-02-21 |
Family
ID=16680372
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57215916A Granted JPS59105441A (en) | 1982-12-07 | 1982-12-07 | Reference scale for contrasting blood vessel |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS59105441A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS62142305U (en) * | 1986-02-28 | 1987-09-08 |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0477323U (en) * | 1990-11-21 | 1992-07-06 |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5016529U (en) * | 1973-06-05 | 1975-02-21 |
-
1982
- 1982-12-07 JP JP57215916A patent/JPS59105441A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5016529U (en) * | 1973-06-05 | 1975-02-21 |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS62142305U (en) * | 1986-02-28 | 1987-09-08 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6410219B2 (en) | 1989-02-21 |
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