JPS59106579A - Melt-proof processing of synthetic fiber - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for melt-proofing synthetic fibers using melamine derivatives.

One of the common drawbacks of synthetic fibers is that they are easily perforated or deteriorated by contact with cigarette smoke, spark powder, etc., which not only reduces their commercial value but also poses a great danger to the human body. . From this point of view, there have been requests from many quarters to provide synthetic fibers with melt-proofing properties.

Conventionally, regarding melt-proofing of synthetic fibers, a mixed aqueous solution of a melamine derivative and an inorganic acid, an organic acid, or a salt thereof is applied, followed by heat treatment in the presence of moisture.
The method described in Publication No. 9.

Alternatively, a method described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 49-82760, in which an anionic surfactant is added to an aqueous mixed solution thereof, is known. Although the fibers obtained by these methods have melt-proofing properties, they have drawbacks such as a change in the hue of the processed fabric, so-called whitening phenomenon. In addition, JP-A-54-9819 heat-treats with an aqueous solution containing a melamine derivative without a catalyst.
The method described in Publication No. 8 is also known, but even though the whitening phenomenon is alleviated, the adhesion and processing method reproducibility are poor, and unless high pressure processing is used, the processing takes a very long time, and the durability is poor. In order to obtain washable and melt-proofing effects, the amount of adhesion must be increased, so it was not possible to obtain a product with a good texture.

In addition, melamine derivatives and polyvinyl alcohol are used without catalyst.

A method described in JP-A-54-106692 in which heat treatment is performed with an aqueous liquid containing a water-soluble polymer compound such as a cellulose derivative is also known, but this method also has poor adhesion and processing reproducibility, and also has poor hydrophilic properties. Although it can impart properties, it has the disadvantage that the anti-melting effect is reduced, and furthermore, since it is non-catalytic, it has the disadvantage of being less catalytic.
This method also has the same drawbacks as the method described in Japanese Patent No.-98198.

As a result of intensive research, the present inventors have completed a melt-proof processing method for synthetic fibers that does not have these drawbacks.

An object of the present invention is to provide an industrially easy and inexpensive processing method that imparts excellent fusing resistance and wash resistance to synthetic fibers with good reproducibility without causing the so-called whitening phenomenon.

The present invention is characterized in that a treatment liquid containing a melamine derivative and at least one hydrophilic polymer selected from the group consisting of polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid, and salts thereof is applied to synthetic fibers, and then subjected to moist heat treatment. shall be.

Synthetic fibers applicable to the present invention include polyester fibers, polyamide fibers, and acrylic fibers.

There are polyolefin fibers, etc. These include cotton and thread.

It can be used in any desired shape, such as woven or knitted fabrics or non-woven fabrics. In addition, these synthetic fibers can be blended or interwoven with each other or with non-heat meltable fibers such as natural fibers.

Alternatively, it can also be used in alternating knitting.

Examples of the melamine derivatives applicable to the present invention include commonly known melamine derivatives, such as hahexamethylolmelamine, pencmethylolmelamine, trimethylolmelamine, hexakismethoxymethylolmelamine, trismethoxymethylolmelamine, trismethoxymethylmelamine, and dimethylolmelamine. Examples include methylol derivatives such as melamine and vinylmethoxymethylmethylolmelamine. Among these, hexamethylolmelamine, pentamethylolmelamine, and trimethylolmelamine are particularly preferred.

The salts of polyacrylic acid and polymethacrylic acid applied to the present invention are water-soluble salts, and include alkali metal salts and ammonium salts.

As hydrophilic polymers such as polyacrylic acid, not only linear ones but also crosslinked and branched ones can be used. Regarding the degree of polymerization of the hydrophilic polymer, for example, one with a solid content of 40% has a viscosity of 20.0OOCr)S or less, preferably 2.00
Although it is easy to use one with 0 cps or less, it is not limited to this.

The treatment liquid in the method of the invention is usually an aqueous solution.

The concentration of the melamine derivative in the treatment solution varies depending on the desired texture of the fiber, processing conditions, type of polyacrylic acid, concentration, etc., but is usually 3 to 20% by weight, preferably 5 to 20% by weight.
It is 15% by weight. The concentration of the hydrophilic polymer also varies depending on the above-mentioned conditions, but is usually 0.1 to 10% by weight, preferably 05 to 5% by weight. The hydrophilic polymer such as polyacrylic acid is usually used in an amount of 5 to 40 parts by weight, preferably 10 to 35 parts by weight, per 10 parts by weight of the melamine derivative in the treatment solution. When used within this range, the anti-whitening effect and the washing durability of anti-melting properties are significantly improved. Note that it is easiest to use the treatment liquid at room temperature in terms of operation.

A surfactant may be completely added to the treatment liquid of the present invention, and anionic surfactants are particularly preferred as the surfactant. The anionic surfactant promotes the formation of a film formed by a hydrophilic polymer such as a melamine derivative and polyacrylic acid, and a nonionic surfactant may be used in combination to promote permeability. Anionic surfactants include: Carboxylic acid anion activators such as soaps and sarcosinates, higher alcohol sulfate ester salts, sulfated oils, sulfated fatty acid esters, sulfate olefins and other sulfate ester salt anion activators, alkylbenzene sulfonates, alkylbenzene sulfonates , lignin sulfonate, sulfonic acid-based anion activator, higher alcohol phosphate ester salt.

These include phosphate ester-based anion activators.

These active agents are generally used in an amount of 0.01 to 1% by weight.

The treatment liquid can be applied to the fibers by any suitable method such as a pad method, a dyeing method, a spray method, or a coating method.

The fibers coated with the treatment liquid are then subjected to a moist heat treatment without drying. Humid heat treatment is usually performed at a temperature of 60 to 180°C1
The temperature is preferably 95 to 160°C, and the treatment time varies depending on the treatment temperature and treatment liquid composition, but is usually 3 to 180 minutes, preferably 5 to 60 minutes.

After that, soaping, washing with water, drying, finishing setting, etc. are carried out according to conventional methods to obtain the final product. If necessary, during finishing setting, water and oil repellent treatment with fluorine resin, water repellent treatment with silicone resin, and other antistatic treatment are performed. A processing agent treatment such as the like may also be performed.

As described above, according to the method of the present invention, it is possible to easily impart excellent fusing resistance with washing resistance to synthetic fiber products without dulling the hue, and there is no hardening of the texture due to processing. Can be finished flexibly. Polyacrylic acid etc. are crosslinked with melamine derivatives to prevent whitening and improve texture.

The anti-melt effect contributes to improved washing durability.

Next, examples of the present invention will be shown. The test results in Examples are based on the following method.

Resin adhesion rate The weight increase rate of the treated fabric relative to the untreated fabric is shown.

Color difference △E between treated and untreated fabrics measured by hue change spectrophotometer
shows.

Protection 1 Complacency (1) Glass bulb test weight 1.51. A glass hollow sphere with a diameter of 1.5α is made into a glass hollow sphere with a diameter of 3
Place it in a C〃t crucible and heat it in an electric furnace. When heated to a predetermined temperature, the whole crucible is taken out and the glass bulb is dropped onto a cloth. Indicates the minimum heating temperature required for the glass hollow sphere to melt the cloth and fall to the bottom.

(2) Cigarette contact test: Hold a lit cigarette vertically against a cloth under its own weight for 30 seconds, and then observe the condition. The numbers indicate the size and diameter of the melt pores. The numbers in parentheses indicate the size and diameter of the focus.

Water with water absorbency o and oacc is dropped, and the time required for the water droplets to disappear is shown.

In addition, the washing durability of melt-proofing property and water absorption property was tested at the same time, and the washing conditions were as follows.

Washing machine: Newly manufactured Hitachi PF2000 Aozora, standard cycle (12 minutes for washing, 15 minutes for other operations, total 25 minutes).

Washing sample weight near 20! Amount of detergent 2 36g Amount of water: 36β Temperature = 40°C Number of washes: 10 times Example I Polyester gahadine (fabric weight 2 L 81/yd) dyed navy blue with a disperse dye by a conventional method was dyed as shown in Table 1. The treatment solution with the same composition was padded to 100% by weight, and the relative humidity was 98% without drying.

Steam treatment was performed for 10 minutes in steam at a temperature of 102°C, and then heated at 80°C using 2 g/4 of a nonionic surfactant.
Soaped for 10 minutes and dried. The resin adhesion rate, two-color difference, water absorption, and melt resistance of the treated fabric were measured. The results are shown in Table 2. No, 8~No in Table 1
, 10 is a comparative example, and the steam treatment was performed at a relative humidity of 95%.
The same treatment as above was carried out except that the temperature was changed to 130° C. for 9 hours and 60 minutes. Further, 1% by weight of ammonium persulfate was added to the treatment solution of No. 10 for No. 11, and the treatment was then carried out in the same manner as in the examples of the present invention. Test results for the products obtained in each comparative example are also shown in Table 2.

Table 1 Note: ■ Polyacrylic acid has a solid content of 40% and a viscosity of 500~
1. . . . p8゜, 02tsujo. 2. Polyacrylic acid) l) Rum has a solid content of 40%.

One length with a viscosity of 500-1000c and ps.

3. PVA is polyvinyl alcohol 4, Sumitex Resin A-1 is Sumitomo Chemical] A polyacrylamide aqueous dispersion manufactured by a certain company.

5. Pigeons 8 to I2 are comparative examples.

Table 2 Note) Nos. 8 to 12 are comparative examples.

As can be seen from the results in Table 1 and Table Wj2, in the example of the present invention, the melamine derivative and polyacrylic acid react to form polyester even under normal pressure steaming without using a catalyst such as ammonium persulfate. It imparts melt-proofing properties with almost no dullness, and also has good washing durability. The water absorbency of well-processed products deteriorates after washing.
I can't expect much. In Comparative Examples No. 8 to No. LO and LO, the amount of adhesion was not large even though nuteaming was performed at 130° C. for 60 minutes, and the anti-melting effect was poor. It is necessary to significantly increase the amount of melamine derivatives used. As shown in Comparative Example No. 11, when a catalyst is added, the amount of adhesion improves, and the anti-melting property and water absorbency appear, but the anti-melting effect also increases.
The whitening phenomenon is also inferior to the examples of the present invention.

Example 2 A treatment solution having the composition shown in Table 3 was padded to 100% by weight on polyester lye/L/(fabric weight 248!/y) f) dyed blue with a disperse dye by a conventional method, and dried. Steam treatment was carried out in steam at a relative humidity of 99% and a temperature of 100°C for a period of time shown in Table 3. The treated cloth was then measured for resin adhesion rate 1 color difference and resistance 1 ■I, and the results shown in Table 4 were obtained.As is clear from these results, the weight ratio of polyacrylic acid to melamine derivative If it is less than 5%, the whitening phenomenon will be noticeable and the prevention will not be sufficient.

When it exceeds 40%, the whitening phenomenon is not noticeable, but the anti-stick property is significantly reduced. Furthermore, when acrylic acid is used as a catalyst, the whitening phenomenon is significant and the washing durability of the anti-melting property is also poor.

* Comparative Example No. 4 Table Example 3 Example 1 on nylon knitted fabric (basis weight 340 g/yn')
No. 8, 100% by weight of processing liquid was applied and the relative humidity was 9.
8% and heat treated at 100°C for 10 minutes, unreacted compounds were washed off by soaping, and dried. The treated fabric had no dull color, no holes were observed in the cigarette contact test, and the stain was small. In contrast, the untreated fabric had a contact time of 3 seconds.
Opening of 7 mm was observed after 10 seconds of contact.

Claims (6)

[Claims] (1) A treatment liquid containing a melamine derivative and at least one hydrophilic polymer selected from the group consisting of polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid, and salts thereof is applied to synthetic fibers, and then a moist heat treatment is performed. A method for melt-proofing synthetic fibers. (2) The processing method according to claim 1, wherein the processing liquid contains a surfactant. (3) The processing method according to claim 1, wherein the melamine derivative is a methylol derivative of melamine. (4) The processing method according to claim 3, wherein the methylol derivative of melamine is hexamethylolmelamine, pentamethylolmelamine, or trimethylolmelamine. (5) The processing method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the salts of polyacrylic acid and polymethacrylic acid are alkali metal salts or ammonium salts. (6) The processing method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the treatment liquid contains 5 to 40 parts by weight of the hydrophilic polymer based on 100 parts by weight of the melamine derivative.