JPS5931400A - Tunnel excavator - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a tunnel excavator equipped with a jet pump for transporting excavated earth and sand.

Conventionally, as shown in FIG. 1, a tunnel excavator has a cutter chamber 3 formed on the back side of a cutter disk 2 that rotates to excavate a face l, and is lifted by the rotation of a bucket 4 fixed to the cutter disk 2. Excavated earth and sand 5 is placed into a hopper 6 provided below within the cutter chamber 3. Then, the earth and sand accumulated in the hopper 6 is loaded onto a belt conveyor 7 or the like, and is delivered 1ift to the rear outside the machine.

In such a tunnel excavating machine 8, a face l without spring water
When excavating, the excavated earth and sand 5 generates dust, which worsens the working environment, and the cutter 9 attached to the canter disk 2 also starts firing. Injection is often performed within the

However, this water mixes with the excavated earth and sand, resulting in the transported earth and sand becoming a solid-liquid mixture, and because it is difficult to suppress this at a face where there is a lot of spring water, the excavated earth and sand becomes fluidized. Such a solid-liquid mixture is placed on a belt comper, but at this time excavated soil may flow backwards onto the held conhair and slide down, or it may get caught in the belt pulley, thickening the belt pulley and increasing belt tension, causing the conhair belt to break. There is a drawback that accidents such as

Unlike the above-mentioned belt conveyor, when the excavated soil is delivered in one step by a screw conveyor 10 as shown in FIG. 2, the cutter chamber 3 has a watertight structure, but the excavator 8
The same drawback as described above occurs when the conveyor belt is transferred from the screw conveyor 10 to a belt conveyor (not shown) at the rear of the conveyor belt.

In the muddy water pressurized shield excavator 11 shown in FIG.
A pipe 12 and a mud drainage pipe 13 are provided, and excavated soil in a solid-liquid mixed state is discharged to the outside of the machine using a centrifugal pump 33 or the like. Cutter chamber 3 of such excavation 13111
In this case, when air is sucked into the suction port 13a of the sludge pipe 13 during the fluid transport by the centrifugal pump 33, the pump performance deteriorates significantly, making IM extraction impossible, and the excavated soil in a solid-liquid mixed state remains in the cutter chamber. ;- There is a disadvantage that a situation occurs. In addition, the suction force (degree of vacuum) of the centrifugal pump 33
is low, so the distance Ml from the suction port 13a to the pump 33
If I n is long, it is necessary to maintain water pressure in the cutter chamber 3 to prevent suction from becoming impossible. Therefore, a structure with high pressure resistance is required.

In all of the conventional examples mentioned above, if the external iJi of the excavator itself is small, it is difficult to secure a wide bottom area of the hopper, and the diameter and width of the container for carrying out the earth and sand are also large. I'm in a situation where I can't.

Also, from the belt conveyor etc. mentioned above at the rear of the excavator,
i! In order to transfer the rails to the exit 1-U and take them out of the tunnel, it is necessary to carry out excavation work intermittently in consideration of the waiting time for empty trolleys without moving the laid rails into the lanes. The safety of trolley traffic must also be taken into consideration.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems by 10? When transporting excavated earth and sand from a tunnel excavator or shield excavator (hereinafter referred to as a tunnel excavator) to the outside of the machine,
Eliminates stagnation of excavated soil in a solid-liquid mixed state in the hopper.
To provide a tunnel excavator equipped with a jet pump capable of smoothly discharging excavated earth and sand to the outside of the machine.

The feature of this tunnel excavator is that a hopper is installed in the cutter chamber to collect the earth and sand excavated by rotation of the cutter disk in order to take out 1 μl of earth and sand, and a jet pump is installed at the bottom of the hopper. As a result, the excavated earth and sand can always be carried out regardless of the amount of accumulation of excavated earth, spring water, jet water for cutter cooling, etc., air, etc. in the cutter chamber.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained at 0°C based on the drawings showing the embodiments thereof.
Explain in detail.

FIG. 4 is an overall 1i1i side view of the tunnel excavator 20 that carries out excavated earth and sand using a jet pump. A cutter disc 2 equipped with an appropriate number of cutters 9 for excavating the face 1 is rotated by a drive motor 23 via gears 21 and 22. A cutter chamber is provided at the back of the cutter disc 2. 3 is formed, and a hopper 6 is provided in the lower part of the interior thereof to collect the earth and sand excavated by 20 rotations of the cutter disk 111!.

A jet pump 24 is disposed at the bottom 6a of the hopper 6, and a casing 25 of the jet pump 24 has an opening for communicating with the bottom 6a of the buckwheat noodles 6.

The jet pump 24 discharges the excavated earth and sand 5 to the outside of the machine, and its casing 25 is located at the bottom of the hopper 6, and the discharged material intake port 26 is opened upward as described above. This can be taken in by using the weight of the earth and sand 5 in the hopper 6, and it is considered that the negative pressure of the jet pump 24 can facilitate suction.

The jet pump 24 is supplied with water pressurized by a pump 27 as shown in FIG. The generated negative pressure allows the excavated earth and sand 5 located at the river debris intake port 26 to be sucked. Therefore, the taken-in earth and sand 5 is carried out of the machine by the water flow. In addition,
As shown in Fig. 6, the casing 25 of the jet pump 24 is installed in a U-shaped plane at the bottom of the excavation 1fi 20, and the jet pump action is directed from the cutter chamber 3 side toward the rear of the machine. It is set to be carried out at the position shown in the figure where the water flow moves. In addition,
Cooling water to the cutter 9 can also be taken from a pipe 31 branched from the pipe 28.

Since the present invention is configured as described above, it can be operated as follows. □・As shown in FIG. 4, the excavation material 5 is collected into the boso bar 6 by a rotating bucket 4 fixed to the cutter disk 2. The excavated soil 5 accumulated in the hopper 6 becomes a solid-liquid mixture due to spring water or jet water, but at the 1ull output intake port 26, it is taken into the casing 25 of the Gen I pump 24 and carried by the water flow. It is carried out of the aircraft in a circular layer.

In this case, even if there is air near the Ill discharged material intake port 26, the suction and discharge capabilities of the Gen I pump 24 are not affected in any way, and normal discharge can be maintained.

In addition, as shown in FIG.
Normal unloading can be maintained in the same way if the pipe is opened in communication with the conduit 32 installed on the side surface 6b of the pipe 6'.

Meanwhile, the earth and sand 5 in the Posoba 6 is sequentially transferred to the discharged material intake port 26 via the pipe 32 due to its earth and sand pressure and the jet pump 24.
It is moved into the casing 25 by the suction force, and is pushed out of the machine by a high-speed water stream.

Note that the IM material intake port 26 is formed by opening a hole larger than the size of the excavated soil 5 (it only needs to be small, and as a result, not only the hopper 6 but also the soil transport mechanism itself including the jet pump 24 can be downsized). This function can be extended to a distance of 1 m without taking up much space in an excavator with a small outer diameter.

As described in detail above, the present invention includes a hopper that collects earth and sand excavated by the rotation of a cutter disk in order to carry it out, and a jet pump is installed at the bottom of the hopper. Compared to the conventional example in which the excavated soil is transported out using a wide belt conveyor and a mud water pressurizing shield excavator, the earth and sand transport mechanism itself including not only the hopper but also the jet pump can be made smaller.

In addition, in the case of a mud water pressurized shield excavator, if air is sucked in at the suction port, the pump performance will drop significantly and it will be impossible to carry out the earth and sand, so it is necessary to control the water level and water pressure at the face to prevent air suction. When using a jet pump, the pump performance remains the same even when air is sucked in through the suction port, and there is no need to control face water level or water pressure. Furthermore, if there is no need to apply water pressure to the cutter chamber, the mechanical strength and sealing ability of the cutter chamber can be reduced.

In addition, by attaching the jet and I pumps, the pressure chamber can be made into a watertight structure, so water pressure can be applied to the canter chamber when it is necessary to prevent face collapse. ] Even if sufficient water is used to prevent dust from flying and to cool the cutter, there will be no problem in carrying out the earth and sand.

As described above, it has many advantages compared to the conventional tunnel excavator and shield excavator described above.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a conventional tunnel excavating machine, Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a different conventional tunnel excavating machine, Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the cutter chamber section of a conventional mud water pressurizing shield excavating machine, Fig. 4 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a tunnel excavating machine of the present invention, Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of main parts of the present invention, Fig. 6 is a piping plan view of a jet pump, and Fig. 7 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a tunnel excavating machine of a different embodiment. It is a front view. 2--Cutter disk, 3-Canter chamber, 5--
Excavation soil, 6-bosoba, 5a-bottom, 6b-one side, 20-tunnel excavator, 24'-jet pump,
25-u-sing, 26-...! General waste intake 1”, 3
2.-Pipe patent applicant Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd.

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) A j-channel characterized in that a hopper for collecting earth and sand excavated by the rotation of a cutter disk is installed in the canter chamber, and a jet pump is installed at the bottom of the bosoba. excavator. (2) The tunnel excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that the discharged material intake port of the jet pump is opened in communication with the bottom of the hopper. (3) The tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that an output intake port of the jet pump is opened so as to communicate with a conduit provided on a side surface of the hopper. excavator.