JPS5944408A - Apparatus for preventing snowslide - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an avalanche prevention device in which a large number of neck openings are formed on a slope to suppress accumulated snow.

One method of preventing avalanches has traditionally been to install structures such as fences and piles on slopes.
These fences, stakes, etc. are installed independently on the slope.

By the way, according to past experiments and observations, the snow layer on the slope is constantly moving from the mountain side to the valley side and deforming due to geothermal snow melting, consolidation subsidence, sliding phenomenon, etc. If the slope slope is large, the deformation of the snow layer will be large and a snow cap will occur, and excessive snow pressure will act on the piles, resulting in the phenomenon of snow shedding between the fences and the piles. Therefore, by preventing the movement of the snow layer and resisting snow control,
In order to improve the safety of avalanche prevention, it is necessary to install fences, stakes, and other facilities closely spaced from each other. However, densely covering fences, stakes, etc. is uneconomical due to the high construction cost.

In addition, as an avalanche prevention measure, a method of laying a net parallel to the slope within the snow layer has been considered, but the movement of the snow layer due to sedimentation phenomena (geothermal snow melting and compacted snow settling) can be prevented by only the area net construction method. Therefore, this net must be used in conjunction with conventional fences, stakes, etc., and the facility costs are high. In addition, if the net has a small mesh, the upper and lower snow layers will form a boundary between the nets and the edge-cutting phenomenon will occur, causing an avalanche.

The present invention was proposed in order to solve the above-mentioned problems of avalanche prevention facilities, and consists of erecting many pillars at intervals on a slope, and connecting each of these pillars with a connecting body such as a rope. By working together to form many neck openings surrounded by each connecting member on the slope, the snow layer on the slope is divided into a thick mesh and held down, dividing the creep phenomenon of the snow layer and suppressing each layer. In addition to increasing the creep prevention effect of each column, the mutual connection of each column forms an integrated structure of columns and connecting materials, which disperses local snow pressure. It is an object of the present invention to provide an avalanche prevention device that is able to prevent columns and the like from falling down and being damaged, and is highly safe and economical.

Hereinafter, the avalanche prevention device of the present invention will be explained with reference to embodiments of the drawings.

Figures 1 and 2 show one embodiment, and 1 is a slope A.
These are pillars that are erected above the slope in a direction perpendicular to the slope.A large number of pillars are installed at required intervals in the length and breadth of slope A, and each pillar has one
The lower part of the structure plunges deep into the ground and is fixed with concrete 2 etc. Each pillar 1, 1... erected on slope A
is provided with a through hole or a suitable fastening device at its upper end and/or middle portion, and each support column 1 is connected to each other by a horizontal connecting member 3 via this fastening device.

The pillar 1 is generally a hollow tube, but it may also be solid, or it may be made of various shapes or concrete pillars. Further, the connecting member 3 may be a hollow or solid rod-like body, but it is generally preferable to use a steel rope. When using a rope, it is preferable to interpose a tensioning device 4 at the appropriate location as shown in the figure (3).

In this way, each support 1.1... has a horizontal connecting member 3 between them.
, 3, . . . are formed.

A support rope 8 from a support 7 fixed to the slope A with an anchor 6 is stretched over the support column 1 located at the top and the support columns 1 located at both ends.

Various arrangements of the pillars 1, 1, . . . and various ways of constructing the connecting member 3 can be considered. As shown in Figures 1 and 2, each column 1.1
... are arranged vertically and horizontally to form a rectangular neck opening B,
In addition to arranging B... in a grid pattern on the base, for example, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, each support 1, 1
-... are arranged in a staggered manner, and the triangular neck openings B', B',
. . may be formed continuously, or the square collar opening B and the triangular collar opening B' may be combined.

The height of the pillars 1, the spacing between the pillars, the size of the collar openings, and the number of collar openings in the vertical direction are determined depending on the slope slope, amount of snow, snow quality, etc., and are determined based on the avalanche prevention effect, the resistance force of the facility, and the economic efficiency. (4) However, to give an example of the results obtained from research experiments to date, under the conditions of a slope slope of 40', a maximum snow depth of 2 m, and wet snow, the column spacing is 4 m. x 4 m, pillar height 703, rectangular collar opening, and double neck opening, upper and lower.

When implementing the present invention, particular attention must be paid to the size of the frame. If the neck opening is small, not only will the number of supports increase, making it uneconomical, but also a so-called edge cut will occur between the upper and lower snow layers, which are bounded by the connecting material that forms the neck opening, resulting in the creep phenomenon. is encouraged, and the opposite effect occurs. For this reason, it is preferable that the size of the neck opening is at least about 1 m x 1 m.

Next, another embodiment of the device of the present invention will be described.

FIG. 5 shows another installation example of the support 1 shown in FIG. This is intended to strengthen support column 1.

Figure 6 shows the present invention implemented on a slope A on which a legal frame 10 is installed.
This also has the effect of inhibiting the creep of the snow bottom, and also makes it easier to install the support 1 firmly.

Furthermore, in the present invention, the connecting members 3 are not only installed vertically and overlappingly between the respective pillars 1, 1, . A net-like body 11 such as a net plate or expanded metal may be installed between the three. Note that this net-like body 11 may be partially constructed only in a required remote location.

Figures 8 to 11 show different embodiments of the support column 1, and these are similar to those shown in Figures 1 and 5, in which the lower part of the support column 1 is plunged deeply into the ground. Rather than being fixed, it is fixed to the ground or to the legal frame 10 using bolts or anchors 12. In the case shown in Fig. 8, the support 1 is fixed upright on the plate 13 and the splice 1 is fixed on the plate 13.
4, and an anchor locking hole 15 is provided on one side of the plate 13, and an embedded bolt hole 16 is provided on the other side. To install this, the anchor 12, which is deeply embedded in the ground, is engaged with the anchor locking hole 15 and fixed by tightening the nut 17, and the other side of the plate 13 is also connected to the bolt hole 16 with the embedded bolt. 18 into the concrete 2 and fix it. The one in Figure 9 is the existing legal frame 1.
The plate 13 is formed to be suitable for installing the support 1 on the frame 10, and bent pieces 19 are provided on both sides of the other side of the plate 13 to hang down along the side surface of the frame 10. In this case, the anchor 12 is provided to penetrate the legal frame 10.

The struts 1 shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 are all
Since the anchor 12 is the main means for fixing the column 1, replacement work is easy when the column 1 is damaged or the like. The strut 1 shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 is
Suitable for installing at the same time as a facility with legal framework 10.
In the one shown in FIG. 10, splice plates 20 and 20 are provided on both sides of the anchor locking hole 150 to reinforce the plate 13. In the case of this support 1, the portion from the bottom of the support 1 to the plate 13 is buried within the legal frame 10. In addition, the one in FIG. 11 has a legal frame 1 on the plate 13.
An anchor insertion tube 21 having almost the same height as the height of the anchor 10 is erected, and the anchor 12 also passes through this insertion tube 21 and protrudes upward, and is tightened and fixed by a nut 17 from the top surface of the legal frame 10. It has become.

In the case of this embodiment as well, as in the case of FIG.
The lower part and the plate 13 will be buried in the legal frame 10.

As explained above, in the present invention, many pillars are erected at intervals on a slope, each pillar is connected with a connecting body to form an integral structure, and many neck openings are formed.
Even if local snow pressure acts on the pillars, this is dispersed through the connecting members, which prevents the pillars from falling or being damaged. Therefore, it is easy to increase or decrease the height and spacing of supports, the number of connecting materials, etc. according to the slope slope, amount of snowfall, /B) snow quality, etc., and it is possible to prevent avalanches that suit the site conditions. The device can be installed economically. In addition, since a large number of neck openings are formed by the connecting material, these can divide the snow layer and prevent it from sliding uniformly, which is highly effective in preventing avalanches.

Furthermore, with the type of support that is installed using anchor bolts, there is no need to create a foundation by digging a bed on the slope, making the work easier, and there is no need to plunge the support deeply into the ground, making the support easier to install. The plate at the bottom of the support can disperse snow pressure over a wide area of the slope, and even if the support is damaged, it can be easily replaced, making it easy to maintain and manage. Effects such as convenience can be expected.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an embodiment of the device of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a side sectional view showing installation mode 7 of one embodiment, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the same,
FIGS. 3 and 4 are plan views showing other examples of arrangement of columns and connecting members, and FIG. 5 is a side sectional view showing another example of installing columns.
Figure 6 shows an example in which it is installed alongside a legal frame (III sectional view, Figure 7 is a front sectional view showing an example in which a net-like body is installed between upper and lower connecting members, and each of Figures 8 to 11). (A) is a slope view showing other embodiments of the support, and each of (B) in FIGS. 8 to 11 is a side sectional view showing the installed state of the support shown by the mark. ... Slope B, B' ... Collar opening 1
・・・・・・Strut 3・・・Connection member 8・・
... Support rope 9 ... Tension material 10 ...
Legal frame 11...Network 12...Anchor
13...Plate 15...Anchor locking hole 16...Embedded bolt hole 18...Embedded bolt 21...Anchor insertion hole 1 ()

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) A large number of pillars are erected on the slope at required intervals, and connecting materials are stretched horizontally between each pillar, so that a large number of collars surrounded by the connecting materials are placed at the required height on the slope. An avalanche prevention device characterized by a mouth. (2) The avalanche prevention device according to claim 1, characterized in that a legal frame structure is constructed on a slope, and a support is erected thereon. (3) The avalanche prevention device according to Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the connecting members are stacked vertically at required intervals, and a plurality of collar openings are arranged in order in the vertical direction. . (4) The avalanche prevention device according to claim 3, characterized in that a net-like body is constructed between the connecting members placed one above the other.