JPS5962828A - optical control method - Google Patents
optical control methodInfo
- Publication number
- JPS5962828A JPS5962828A JP17421482A JP17421482A JPS5962828A JP S5962828 A JPS5962828 A JP S5962828A JP 17421482 A JP17421482 A JP 17421482A JP 17421482 A JP17421482 A JP 17421482A JP S5962828 A JPS5962828 A JP S5962828A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- liquid crystal
- control method
- light
- incident light
- optical control
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/29—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection
- G02F1/31—Digital deflection, i.e. optical switching
- G02F1/315—Digital deflection, i.e. optical switching based on the use of controlled internal reflection
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
Abstract
(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は、液晶セルを用いた光学制御法に関し、詳しく
は電圧印加手段および偏光板の使用を必要としない新規
な液晶−光学シャッタに関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an optical control method using a liquid crystal cell, and more particularly to a novel liquid crystal-optical shutter that does not require the use of voltage application means or polarizing plates.
液晶−光学シャッタは、例えば特開昭４７−１１７３７
号、米国特許第６・・７６１９８６号、米国特許第３７
００３０６号公報などに開示されている。この液晶−光
学シャッタは、１対の透明電極板の間に水平ねじれ配向
の正の誘電異方性をもつネマチック液晶を配置し、両方
の透明電極板の外側に１対の平行又は交差偏光板を備え
た構成を有している。従って、との液晶−光学シャッタ
は電圧印加手段により１対の電極に電圧を印加してねじ
れネマチック液晶の光学特性を変換させることができ、
この変化は偏光板によって検知することができる。A liquid crystal optical shutter is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 47-11737.
No. 6, U.S. Patent No. 761986, U.S. Patent No. 37
This is disclosed in JP 00306 and the like. This liquid crystal-optical shutter has a horizontally twisted oriented nematic liquid crystal with positive dielectric anisotropy arranged between a pair of transparent electrode plates, and a pair of parallel or crossed polarizing plates on the outside of both transparent electrode plates. It has a similar configuration. Therefore, the liquid crystal-optical shutter of can change the optical properties of the twisted nematic liquid crystal by applying a voltage to a pair of electrodes using a voltage applying means,
This change can be detected by a polarizing plate.
この様な従来の液晶−光学シャックは、電圧ＯＮ状態又
はＯＦＦ状態で数〜数１０％の光線が偏光板を透過する
ため、光線を完全に遮断する光学シャッタとするεとが
できなりので、例えばカメラなどのシャッターに前述の
液晶−光学シャッタを適用することは難しい問題を有し
ている。しかも、２枚の偏光板を用いているため、光量
の損失が太きいなどの欠点がある。In such a conventional liquid crystal-optical shack, several to several tens of percent of the light passes through the polarizing plate when the voltage is on or off, so it is impossible to use an optical shutter that completely blocks the light. For example, it is difficult to apply the liquid crystal-optical shutter described above to a shutter of a camera or the like. Moreover, since two polarizing plates are used, there are drawbacks such as a large loss of light quantity.
本発明の目的は、液晶−光学シャッタに利用できる新規
な光学制御法を提供することにある。An object of the present invention is to provide a novel optical control method that can be used in liquid crystal-optical shutters.
本発明の別の目的は、光線を完全に遮断できる光学制御
法を提供することにある。Another object of the present invention is to provide an optical control method that can completely block the light beam.
さらに、本発明の他の目的は光量の損失が少ない光学制
御法を提供することにある。Furthermore, another object of the present invention is to provide an optical control method with less loss of light quantity.
本発明のかかる目的は、透明基板間にｎ、〉ｎｏの関係
を有し、且つホメオトロピック配列させた液晶を挾持し
た液晶セルに入射光を入射させで決定される角度を境い
に大きくするか又は小さくするかで可変することによっ
て前記入射光を制御することを特徴とする光学制御法（
但し、ｎ、は透明基板の屈折率、ｎｏは液晶分子の常光
線の屈折率である）によって達成される。Such an object of the present invention is to increase the angle at which the incident light is incident on a liquid crystal cell having an n, >> no relationship between transparent substrates and sandwiching homeotropically aligned liquid crystals. An optical control method characterized in that the incident light is controlled by varying the incident light by decreasing or decreasing the incident light (
However, n is the refractive index of the transparent substrate, and no is the refractive index of ordinary light of the liquid crystal molecules.
以下、本発明の光学制御法を図面に従って説明する。The optical control method of the present invention will be explained below with reference to the drawings.
第１図（ａ）および（ｂ）は、本発明の光学制御法の実
施態様を示す断面図である。本発明で用いる液晶セルは
、屈折率ｎ、の透明基板（例えばｎ、が１．６０のガラ
ス）１と２の間にホメオトロピック（垂直）配向した液
晶６（，４例えばｎ。が１．５０のメルク社の「ｚｂエ
ニー５６５」ネマチック液晶）が挾持されており、透明
基板１と２はシールスペーサー８によって一定の間隔に
維持されている。７は、垂直配向膜であるが、この垂直
配向膜７は必ずしも必要としない。FIGS. 1(a) and 1(b) are cross-sectional views showing an embodiment of the optical control method of the present invention. The liquid crystal cell used in the present invention has a liquid crystal 6 (for example, n is 1.60) aligned homeotropically between transparent substrates 1 and 2 having a refractive index of n (for example, glass with n of 1.60). The transparent substrates 1 and 2 are kept at a constant distance by a seal spacer 8. 7 is a vertical alignment film, but this vertical alignment film 7 is not necessarily required.
本発明で用いる液晶セルは、液晶３の常光線の屈折率ｎ
。と透明基板１の屈折率ｎ、の間には、例えば、前述の
メルク社製の「ＺＬエニー５６５−１ネマチツク液晶の
時、ｎｏ （１−５０） ＜ ｎｙ （１，６０）の関
係を有している。液晶３の配列をホメオトロピック配列
とすると、液晶層への入射光４（どんな偏光方向の光に
対しても）に対して液晶３の屈折率ばｎ。（：１．５０
）となる。The liquid crystal cell used in the present invention has an ordinary ray refractive index n of the liquid crystal 3.
. and the refractive index n of the transparent substrate 1, for example, in the case of the above-mentioned ZL Any 565-1 nematic liquid crystal manufactured by Merck & Co., there is a relationship of no (1-50) < ny (1,60). If the alignment of the liquid crystal 3 is homeotropic, the refractive index n of the liquid crystal 3 for incident light 4 to the liquid crystal layer (for light of any polarization direction) is n (: 1.50).
).
＝６９．３°の角度より大きい入射角θ１をもって入射
光４を入射させると、この入射光４け、゛第１図（ａ）
に示す様に全反射光５となって遮断されることになる。When incident light 4 is incident with an angle of incidence θ1 greater than the angle of = 69.3°, this incident light 4 becomes ゛Figure 1 (a)
As shown in the figure, the total reflected light 5 is generated and is blocked.
い入射角θ２をもって入射光４を入射させると、この入
射光４は第１図（ｂ）に示す様に液晶層３を透過した透
過光６とすることができる。When the incident light 4 is made incident at a small incident angle θ2, the incident light 4 can be converted into transmitted light 6 that has passed through the liquid crystal layer 3 as shown in FIG. 1(b).
この際、本発明において、液晶に対する入射光の入射角
を可変する方法としては、例えば液晶セルを機械的又は
電動的に回転させる方法あるいけ光源を回転させる方法
を用いることができる。At this time, in the present invention, as a method for varying the angle of incidence of incident light on the liquid crystal, for example, a method of mechanically or electrically rotating a liquid crystal cell or a method of rotating a light source can be used.
また、本発明の方法に用いうる液晶としては、ネマチッ
ク液晶であってもよく、またスメツクチック液晶であっ
てもよい。また、ネマチック液晶は、その誘電異方性が
正であってもよく、また負であってもよい。何れにして
も、本発明で用いる液晶は、透明基板の屈折率（ｎ、）
と液晶の常光線の屈折率ｎ。の関係が前述のｎｏ（ｎ、
の関係を満たすものであれば、何れのものでもよい。Further, the liquid crystal that can be used in the method of the present invention may be a nematic liquid crystal or a smectic liquid crystal. Further, the dielectric anisotropy of the nematic liquid crystal may be positive or negative. In any case, the liquid crystal used in the present invention has a refractive index (n,) of the transparent substrate.
and the ordinary ray refractive index n of the liquid crystal. The relationship is the above-mentioned no(n,
Any material may be used as long as it satisfies the following relationship.
透明基板１と２としては、第１図に示す様な形状のもの
に限らず、直角プリズム、凸レンズ、凹レンズや平面ガ
ラス板、プラスチックレンズやプラスチック板などでも
よい。The transparent substrates 1 and 2 are not limited to those having the shape shown in FIG. 1, but may also be rectangular prisms, convex lenses, concave lenses, flat glass plates, plastic lenses, plastic plates, etc.
本発明の光学制御法は、下記の如き利点を有している。The optical control method of the present invention has the following advantages.
（１）電圧印加手段を設けない光シャッタとすることが
できる。(1) An optical shutter without voltage application means can be provided.
（２）入射光の入射角を可変するだけで、入射光をシャ
ッタすることができる。(2) Incident light can be shuttered simply by varying the incident angle of the incident light.
（３）偏光板の使用が省略できるので、光量の損失が少
なく、明るい透過光を得ることができる。(3) Since the use of a polarizing plate can be omitted, there is less loss of light quantity and bright transmitted light can be obtained.
（４）入射光を全反射によシ完全に遮断できるので、高
コントラスト制御が可能である。(4) Since the incident light can be completely blocked by total reflection, high contrast control is possible.
（５） カメラのシャッタ機構への応用が有利である
。(5) Application to camera shutter mechanisms is advantageous.
（６）電子写真方式プリンタのシャッタへ応用が可能で
ある。(6) It can be applied to the shutter of an electrophotographic printer.
第１図（ａ）および第１図（ｂ）は、本発明の方法の実
施態様を示す断面図である。
１．２・・・透明基板
ろ・・・液晶
４・・・入射光
５・・・全反射光
６・・ 透過光
７・・・配向膜
８・・・シールスペーサ−FIG. 1(a) and FIG. 1(b) are cross-sectional views showing an embodiment of the method of the present invention. 1.2... Transparent substrate... Liquid crystal 4... Incident light 5... Totally reflected light 6... Transmitted light 7... Alignment film 8... Seal spacer
Claims (1)
トロピック配列させた液晶を挾持した液晶セルに入射光
を入射させる際、前記入射光の入射大きくするか又は小
さくするかで可変するととによって前記入射光を制御す
ることを特徴とする光学制御法（但し、ｎ、は透明基板
の屈折率、ｎｏは液晶分子の常光線の屈折率である）。When incident light is incident on a liquid crystal cell which has a relationship n, An optical control method characterized in that the incident light is controlled by (where n is the refractive index of the transparent substrate and no is the refractive index of the ordinary ray of liquid crystal molecules).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17421482A JPS5962828A (en) | 1982-10-04 | 1982-10-04 | optical control method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17421482A JPS5962828A (en) | 1982-10-04 | 1982-10-04 | optical control method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5962828A true JPS5962828A (en) | 1984-04-10 |
Family
ID=15974716
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17421482A Pending JPS5962828A (en) | 1982-10-04 | 1982-10-04 | optical control method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5962828A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2009059675A1 (en) * | 2007-11-08 | 2009-05-14 | Fachhochschule Jena | Arrangement for influencing an incident bundle of rays |
-
1982
- 1982-10-04 JP JP17421482A patent/JPS5962828A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2009059675A1 (en) * | 2007-11-08 | 2009-05-14 | Fachhochschule Jena | Arrangement for influencing an incident bundle of rays |
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