JPS60156561A - Static crushing method and expansible crushing agent for static crushing - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a method for statically crushing a brittle object by injecting an expanding material into a charging hole drilled in a brittle object such as concrete or rock and utilizing the expansion pressure, and a method for statically crushing the brittle object. This invention relates to an expandable crushing agent.

Conventionally, crushing agents for statically crushing brittle objects have been disclosed, for example, in JP-A-58-79071 and JP-A-56-1428.
As described in Publication No. 94, 1 liter of quicklime
Swelling substances and the like as li swelling components have been proposed, and several types have already been industrially produced as crushing agents. This crushing agent is mainly in powder form, and the method for using it is to mix the powdered crushing agent with water in a container in advance to form an aqueous slurry, and then fill it into a loading hole drilled in the object to be crushed. has been put into practical use.

However, such crushing agents and crushing methods have the following drawbacks.

1) When the crushing agent and water are mixed, a hydration reaction immediately occurs with the main component quicklime, reducing the fluidity of the aqueous slurry, so it must be quickly injected into the loading hole. becomes difficult.

2) Commercially available crushing agents have an applicable temperature range, and if they are used beyond that upper limit, or even if used within the applicable temperature range, if the diameter of the loading hole is 50 mm or more, the The phenomenon in which the expansion agent explodes out of the loading hole is called the gun phenomenon. (hereinafter referred to as "prominent phenomenon")
Not only is the crushing effect ineffective, but it is also extremely dangerous to work with. Furthermore, the diameter of the loading hole is within the applicable temperature range and 5 On.
Even when used within +iφ, a sudden phenomenon may occur when there are large temperature changes, when the temperature of the material to be crushed is high due to the influence of solar heat, or when the mixing water is high temperature. Occurs often.

3) The time it takes for the crushing effect to occur varies depending on conditions such as temperature, but it takes a very long time of 12 to 24 hours, which is bad for workability. easier).

For this reason, as a method to prevent the protrusion phenomenon,
No. 25337 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 49-21924 propose a method of filling the loading hole with a crushing agent slurry and then sealing the upper part with mortar or instruments, but these methods have poor workability. It has the disadvantage of poor performance and high cost.

The present invention improves these drawbacks and provides a crushing method and crushing agent that effectively, safely, and quickly perform static crushing of rocks, concrete, etc. by utilizing the expansion force of an expandable substance. .

That is, the present invention provides: (1) When statically crushing a brittle object such as concrete using the expansion pressure caused by the hydration reaction of an expandable substance,
A static crushing method characterized by filling a loading hole with three-dimensional expandable tablets or expandable granules obtained by compression molding a powdered expandable crushing agent, and then injecting water. (21 Powder The volume of three-dimensional expandable tablets or expandable granules obtained by compression molding an expandable crushing agent of 0.05 to 1
1ii11i crushing agent for static crushing which is 0C1;
-3.2, the above-mentioned item (the bulking crushing agent for static crushing according to item 21).

By using such an expandable crushing agent or expandable granules, there is no need to make an aqueous slurry beforehand and fill it into the loading hole, unlike conventional powder crushing agents, and the fluidity of the aqueous slurry decreases. The operational disadvantage of not being able to pour into the loading hole is eliminated. In addition, since the occurrence of protrusion phenomenon is suppressed, it is possible to use an expandable crushing agent with quick expansion pressure.
For example, a powdered static crushing agent made for winter use (applicable temperature range 15 to 5 degrees Celsius) can now be used at temperatures where it cannot be used (15 degrees Celsius or higher), and the time required for crushing can be drastically shortened. It has the following characteristics.

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

In Fig. 1, reference numeral 1 indicates a material to be crushed, such as concrete, into which charging holes 2 of a certain length and a certain diameter are bored at certain intervals, and the filling holes 2 are filled with expandable material. After filling the tablet or expandable granule 3, water is injected through the opening 4 of the loading hole 2 to hydrate the expandable tablet or expandable granule.
1@ to crush the object 1 to be crushed.

In the figure, 5 is the hole bottom.

According to the method of the present invention, the expansible tablets or expansible granules filled in the material to be crushed pass the water vapor generated during the hydration reaction (exothermic reaction) into the atmosphere through the gaps between the expansible tablets or expansible granules. to prevent the water vapor pressure inside the expandable tablet or expandable granule from increasing,
Even if the loading hole diameter is 50 mIIlφ or more, the filled expansible tablets or expansible granules will not protrude outside the hole, making it possible to effectively utilize the expansion pressure and prevent dangers due to protrusion, thereby increasing work safety. can be increased. In addition, unlike conventional powdered crushing agents, there is no need to mix the crushing agent and water in a container in advance and immediately fill the filling hole with it. This simplifies the work as all you have to do is inject it.

Next, the expandable tablet or expandable granule of the present invention will be explained in detail.

Expandable tablets or expandable granules can be made by molding a powdered expandable crushing agent.

The components that make up the powdered expandable crushing agent are expandable components that exhibit expandability (quicklime is mainly used).
It is composed of a combination of this, a reaction regulator, and other additives. For example, JP-A-58-7907
As disclosed in Publication No. 1, a composition consisting of quicklime, silica sand, amorphous calcium aluminate, free sulfate, a water reducing agent, and a setting retarder; A pulverized clinker consisting of free magnesia and calcium aminoferrite, and 3CaO.
Specific examples include clinker powder made of iOz, CaO crystal grains, and CaSO4. More specifically, 11 powdered crushing agents that are already commercially available are used.
It can be used as a raw material for making 1@@ tablets or 1latlli granules.

Such a powdered expandable crushing agent can be uniformly mixed in advance and then molded into three-dimensional tablets or granules using a tablet machine, briquette machine, or the like. In this case, it is preferable to add a moisturizing agent such as a molding aid (ill molding agent) to the powdered mixture in advance, particularly in order to improve moldability. In addition to the above-mentioned method, expandable granules can also be produced by compression molding a powdered static crushing agent into a sheet or block shape and then pulverizing it.

The volume of the expansible tablet or expansible granule is determined by considering the ease of filling into the loading hole and the packing density after filling the loading hole, and the pore diameter of the loading hole is 30 to 100++.
In the case of +mφ, a size of 0.05 to 10C1 has the greatest crushing effect.

If it is less than 0.05c1, the protrusion phenomenon will not occur, but the crushing effect will be reduced, and the time required for crushing will also become longer, which is not preferable.

The bulk specific gravity of the expandable tablet, agent, or expandable granule is such that the tablet is hard to break when handled, and after being filled into the loading hole, water is injected to initiate the hydration and swelling reaction, and the initial reaction The hardness must be such that the shape of the tablet or granule does not break until the generated water vapor is released into the atmosphere through the gaps in the expandable tablet or expandable granule, and a bulk specific gravity of 2.0 to 3.2 is preferable. . If the bulk specific gravity is less than 2.0, the shape may be broken during handling, or the a@ pressure may be insufficient during expansion, making it difficult for the material to be crushed to be completely crushed. On the other hand, those having a bulk specific gravity exceeding 3.2 are difficult to manufacture and are undesirable because they penetrate too slowly into the interior of 1+1A tablets or expandable granules.

According to the method of the present invention, the expandable tablets or expandable granules filled in the material to be crushed release water vapor generated due to the hydration reaction through the gaps between the expandable tablets or expandable granules. This prevents the water vapor pressure inside the expandable tablet or expandable granules from increasing, and prevents the loading hole 50 from increasing.
Even if the expandable tablet or expandable granule is filled with Illlφ or more, the expansion pressure of the expandable tablet or expandable granule can be effectively used without the filled expandable tablet or expandable granule protruding out of the hole. This eliminates the need to mix water and water in a container and quickly fill it into the loading hole, and only needs to inject water into the expandable tablets or expandable granules filled in the loading hole, which improves work efficiency and improves work efficiency. It is possible to carry out crushing work with great economical effects, and to prevent dangers due to protrusion, it is possible to further improve work safety. In addition, in crushing work, the loading hole diameter is 50+n.
Expanding agents can be used with large pore diameters of +++φ or more, so
It is possible to use more filling W4m of expanding agent per hole, which increases the crushing force, and the gap between the holes can be made larger, so the number of holes required for crushing can be reduced and the crushing work can be reduced. It has the effect of making it efficient and economical. Furthermore, since the protrusion phenomenon is less likely to occur, it is possible to create a crushing agent that quickly develops intraocular pressure.The present invention will be specifically explained below using Examples.

Example 1, Comparative Example 1 A cylindrical unreinforced concrete with a diameter of 3001 IIl and a height of 500 mm, with one hole having a hole diameter of 60 mm and a depth of 450 mm drilled in the center, was used as an object to be crushed.

After filling the loading hole with aIM tablets having the composition, shape, volume, and bulk specific gravity shown in Table 1, water was injected and the crushing state of the concrete was observed.

For comparison, we also used a powder with the same ingredients as in Example 1, which was directly filled into the loading hole and then injected with water, and a commercially available crushing agent (powder) which was mixed with water in a container in advance. A crushing experiment was also conducted under the same conditions as in Example 1 for an aqueous slurry that was kneaded and hydrated (0.35) and then injected into the loading hole.

The results are shown in Table-1.

As is clear from the results in Table 1, when the expansible tablet of the present invention was used, no protrusion phenomenon occurred and concrete fracture was observed in a short period of time, but in the experimental examples conducted for comparison, However, a protrusion phenomenon occurred, and the crushing of the concrete was not successful.

Table-1 Al 2 (h 1.4%, Fe 203-0.4%,
8023.5%, Ig, 1oss 2.7%, (powder X-ray diffraction
s was observed. )2) Experimental results at a temperature of 25℃ (5
(Observation after 12 hours) 3) In the experiment at a temperature of 15°C, crushing was observed after 12 hours.

Example 2, Comparative Example 2 Ingredients: □゛Ca 090.4%, Mo O2, 0%, s; 020
．． 6%, AI 2 03 1.6%, FezO: +1.
3%, SO3 1.1%, i gloss 2.3% (CaO, IVHIO, C2F, ucs by powder X-ray diffraction)
The rest was the same as that of Example 1, except that a powdered static crushing agent consisting of (observed) was molded into a cylindrical shape (volume 1.5 cnu, bulk specific gravity 2.7) and an expandable crushing agent was used. A crushing experiment was conducted under the same conditions.

For comparison, a powdered static crushing agent with the same ingredients (Comparative Example 2)
A crushing experiment was conducted in which the material was made into an aqueous slurry (water ratio 0.35) and filled into a loading hole.

Example 3, Comparative Example 3 Ingredients: CaQ 68.0%, M (100.5%, Si 0212
．． 0%, Al2O: 14.2%, Fe2030.2%,
803 8.8%, l gloss 4.6% (powder
A powdered static crushing agent consisting of CaO, Si 02 , lIc5, etc. was observed by line diffraction was placed in a disk shape (with a volume of 3
A crushing experiment was conducted under the same conditions as in Example 1, except that an expandable crushing agent molded to CI113 and bulk specific gravity 2.6) was used.

For comparison, a powdered static crushing agent with the same ingredients (Comparative Example 3)
A crushing experiment was conducted in which the material was made into an aqueous slurry (water content: 0.35) and filled into a loading hole.

The results of Example 2.3 and Comparative Example 2.3 are shown in Table-2. As is clear from Table 2, in the examples of the present invention, no protrusion phenomenon occurred and good cracking was observed in a short time, but with all powdered static crushing agents, protrusion phenomena occurred and no fractures were observed. It wasn't done.

When the experiment was conducted at 15° C., cracks were observed after one day and night.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an embodiment of the static crushing method for concrete, etc. according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 (a) (b'> (c
) are a plan view and a side view of an expanding agent in the form of a cylinder, a disk, and a sphere, respectively, according to Examples. 1... Material to be crushed such as concrete 2... Loading hole 3... Expandable tablet 4... Hole opening of loading hole 2 5... Hole bottom of loading hole 2 Patent applicant Asahi Kasei Industries, Ltd. Agent Patent attorney Hide Komatsu Agent Patent attorney Hiroshi Asahi Figure 1 Procedures... Formal book (method) % formula % 1. Indication of case 1989 Patent Application No. 189218 2
, Title of the invention Static crushing method and expandable crushing agent for static crushing Name (003) Asahi Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd. 5 Date of amendment order February 6, 1985 (Shipping date February 26, 1985) 6. Subject of amendment A column for a brief explanation of the drawings in the specification.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) When statically crushing brittle objects such as concrete using the expansion pressure associated with the hydration reaction of an expandable substance, a three-dimensional expansion product made by compression molding a powdered iI@-type crushing agent A static crushing method characterized in that water is injected after filling a loading hole with sex tablets or swelling granules. (2) The volume of three-dimensional expandable tablets or expandable granules obtained by compression molding a powdered expandable crushing agent is 0.05 to 1.
Expandable crushing agent for static crushing with a size of 0 cm3. 131 The bulk specific gravity of the expandable tablet or expandable granules is 2.
0 to 3.2, the expandable crushing agent for static crushing according to claim (2).