JPS60162437A - small motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent the surface of commutator segments from damaging by friction by mounting a member which impregnates fatty acid having -COOH group near a slide of the commutator on part such as a bracket in a motor case. CONSTITUTION:A felt 14 which impregnates fatty acid is disposed in the interior surrounded by a motor housing 13 and a bracket 12. The fatty acids have a linear carbon bond or a side chain, and a sole or a plurality of -COOH groups in its molecular structure. It can prevent gas having high reactivity from bonding to the surface of a sintered carbon brush by the attraction by the -COOH group.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a small motor used for driving a tape in, for example, a tape recorder or a video tape recorder.

Conventional Structures and Problems There are generally two types of brushes used in small motors. One is a conductive material with elasticity, such as copper, beryllum steel, copper-titanium alloy, phosphorous copper, nickel silver thin plate material, or wire material, and noble metal alloy (such as Au, Pd, Pt,
The structure is made by cladding or joining a part of a thin plate material or wire rod by means such as spot welding, and the other is one of the thin plate material or wire rod mentioned above. Sintered carbon brush (for example, C carbon).

Ag carbon, Cu carbon: Ag Cu
C carbon, and those materials include SiC, MO82, P
(b) carbon brushes containing epoxy resin as additives) are formed using conductive adhesive, spot welding, or pressure bonding, but in small motors with these brushes, when the commutator rotates, The commutator sliding part vibrates unnecessarily, which causes abnormal welding to occur on the contact surface of the commutator sliding part to the commutator segment, and blackening (carbon, brush, and commy data) caused by spark generation. The problem is that foreign matter that promotes abnormal phenomena (mixture of sliding abrasion powder generated between segments) often occurs.

In the brush of a small motor, the commutator sliding part that makes sliding contact with the commutator segment is, for example,
Some brush bases are molded integrally with a brush base supported by support means provided on the brush. The state of contact between such a brush and a commie data segment is shown in FIG.

In FIG. 1, a bent commutator sliding portion 3 extends from a brush base 2 supported by a brush support means 1. This commutator sliding part 3 is connected to the plan base 2
Since it is bent from the bottom, it has a 9.degree. This pressing force can be adjusted to a required value by appropriately selecting the bending angle between the plan base 2 and the commie data sliding portion 3. Further, the commie data segment 4 is fixed to the rotating motor Q1+6 via the insulating cylinder 6, and rotates with the rotation of the motor.

Thus, the rotating commutator segment 4.1
: Since the commutator sliding part 3 is in sliding contact, electrical sparks are likely to occur between the two, and this electrical spark can cause electrical noise and welding on the commutator sliding part 3. , an inconvenient situation will occur. The occurrence of this welding not only shortens the life of the brush, but also when welding occurs at the position where it starts to come into contact with each commie data segment 4 and at the position where it leaves (part a in Figure 1), this welding causes the commutator to The surfaces of the segments 4 are scratched and damaged, and the cutting debris generated by this scraping accumulates in the gaps between the commie data segments 4 that are adjacent to each other. This has the disadvantage that the performance of the motor itself is reduced by 1. Furthermore, electric sparks are often generated at the section a of the commie data sliding section.

The biggest cause of this is the vibration of the brush. That is, electric sparks frequently occur due to the vibration of the brush, which promotes the occurrence of welding and causes roughness of the sliding surface. As the roughness increases, the generation of electric sparks further increases, and eventually it becomes impossible to obtain the required characteristics of the motor, leading to startup failure.

Generally, the material of the commutator sliding part 3 is heavy metal alloy brush or sintered carbon brush as mentioned above.
The material of commutator segment 4 is AgCu, λgc
d, AgCuCd, (iu, Au alloy, Ag
gCuTi alloy, etc., and when a noble metal alloy bluff is used, the sliding resistance is 1-0 because both have almost the same quality, which is an unfavorable combination that tends to cause scratches at the sliding interface. It is. Although the sliding resistance is lower when using a sintered carbon brush than when using a precious metal alloy brush, there is a risk of scratches, and there is also a risk of scratches in the compound 1 that makes up the carbon brush. contains impurities such as 5i02, which is an unfavorable combination that tends to cause scratches at the sliding interface, similar to noble metal alloy brushes.

The structure shown in FIG. 2(a) does not have a means to suppress the electric sparks that cause these defects, that is, the commie data sliding part 3 has vibration damping measures taken. There is a lot of vibration in the sliding part of Naimonoke and Commie Data.
Therefore, even when used at room temperature, welding easily occurs, and it is difficult to find a product with a long life and excellent quality. 1. As shown in Fig. 2(b), anti-vibration rubber 7 is pasted on the commutator moving part 3 with adhesive 8 (=I Beast absorbs vibration well at room temperature and does not generate sparks. However, when the upper temperature limit for use approaches 60°C, the viscosity of the adhesive decreases significantly, reducing the adhesion to the vibrating part of the anti-vibration gono and 7, reducing its vibration absorption ability and causing sparks. occurs more frequently and has a shorter lifespan.
This results in unstable quality. Furthermore, Figure 2 (C
), in which the anti-vibration 7-t 9 is attached to the sliding part 3 of the base material 1o with an adhesive 11 having an adhesive 8 applied to both sides of the base material 1o, as shown in Section 2 of "2. Compared to the example shown in FIG. 2(b), although the decrease in the viscosity of the adhesive at high temperatures is somewhat small, it is not sufficient, and a long life and high quality cannot be obtained at high temperatures.

The operating atmosphere temperature of this device is -10'C to -1
Many are used at -60'C.

Purpose of the Invention The present invention aims to improve the sliding properties of the commutator sliding part and the commutator segment, thereby preventing shortening of motor life due to scratch damage on the surface of the commutator segment. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-performance small motor that can reduce wow and flutter when incorporated into a motor.

Structure of the Invention In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a brush base made of a thin plate or linear metal elastic body, and a commie extending from the brush base or fixed to a part of the brush base. In a small motor equipped with a brush that has a data sliding part, a member impregnated with fatty acids, such as felt, is fixed with adhesive or crimped to a part of the motor case, for example, near the commutator sliding part on the bracket. Install it by other means. This fatty acid has no double bonds. Also, it is a fatty acid that does not have a benzene ring, has a linear carbon bond, or has a side chain, and has one or more 1000H groups in its molecular structure, and its boiling point or melting point at 1 atmosphere 26 from a substance whose temperature is around 100″C
It is particularly effective to select an appropriate one depending on the usage situation, such as one with a temperature of 0°C. The structure is such that this fatty acid turns into vapor depending on the ambient temperature, and the inside of the motor case is in an atmosphere of fatty acid. In order to simplify the motor configuration, a configuration may be used in which the fatty acid is directly applied to the brush or commie data sliding portion.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS FIG. 3, FIG. 4, and FIG. 6 each show an embodiment of the present invention. Here, parts with the same names as those in FIG. 1 are given the same reference numerals, and 12 is a bracket for holding a brush etc., 13 is a motor housing, and 14 is felt impregnated with fatty acid. Incidentally, the commutator sliding portion 3 is composed of a carbon brush. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the felt 14 is placed near the commutator sliding part 3 on the placket 12, and in the practical example shown in FIG. It is.

Further, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the motor housing 13 is equipped with a felt 14. In addition, in FIG. 6, 16 is a rotor core located several times on the motor rotating shaft 6,
16 is a winding wound around the rotor core 16, 1 is a permanent magnet fixed to the inner surface of the motor housing 13, and 18 is a bearing that supports the motor rotating shaft 6.

In all of these embodiments, the commi-data sliding part 3 is fixed to the tip of the brush base 2, but as shown in FIG. It is also possible to have a commie data sliding part and equip the felt 14 at 4- of the sliding part.

In any of the embodiments, the atmosphere inside the motor case consisting of the motor housing 13° bracket 12 becomes a vapor atmosphere due to fatty acids, and the atmospheric gas is intended to adsorb onto the plan and the surface of the commutator safety member 1. However, this method is not limited to this.

By the way, in the literature and experiments at Torekashi, it has been found that the commy data sliding part and the commutator segment are easily welded.
Also, the conditions in which welding, abnormal wear, and poor conduction are likely to occur are being clarified. Abnormalities are likely to occur when unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbons exist or are adsorbed in the atmosphere of the sliding parts of the brush sliding part and the commutator segment, or in the commutator segment itself. It is. At this time, a foreign substance called blackide (a mixture of carbon and sliding abrasion powder generated between the brush and the commie data segment), which promotes abnormal phenomena, is generated.

This foreign material is caused by the fact that when unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbons are combusted by an arc between the sliding part and the commutator segment, the amount of carbon per unit volume is large, resulting in incomplete combustion;
Although this is due to its molecular structure, it is thought that the bonding state of the produced carbon becomes dense, resulting in hard carbon. Although adsorption to the segment is due to its molecular structure, it has been clarified that the carbon produced is soft and does not lead to abnormal phenomena. Based on these phenomena, we conducted long-term operational experiments using Comy data segments that had adsorbed trace amounts of hydrocarbons. In this experiment, ■ There is a high probability that abnormal wear will occur in the commutator segment under high temperature and low humidity.

■ Communicator Segment I ni 1o) ij? If a certain amount of hydrocarbons are adsorbed, the abnormal phenomenon of the commie data segment will be alleviated, and the life of the small motor will be extended. (However, this data is based on the case where there is no continuous replenishment of hydrocarbons.) (All experimental results are shown in Figure 6) Therefore, in the present invention, taking the above phenomenon into consideration, Figures 3 and 4
As shown in the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, a felt 14 impregnated with a fatty acid is placed inside the motor housing 13 and a bracket 12. Hydrocarbons are most different in terms of their molecular structure, and therefore are the ones that are farthest from the formation of hard blackide, which is one of the abnormal phenomena, and even if carbon is formed, it is extremely soft, and the sliding part of the commutator This reduces the sliding resistance of the Comy Data segment.

With the above configuration, an atmosphere suitable for the vapor pressure of fatty acids can be obtained in the motor case at high temperatures and low humidity where abnormal phenomena are likely to occur. Fatty acids that do not have double bonds, do not have a benzene ring, have linear carbon bonds, or have side chains have one or more -COOH groups in their molecular structure. , -COOH group is
Due to its polar force, it has adsorption power to the metal surface due to -(joOH bond).

The adsorption by the 10OOH bond is more strongly adsorbed than the adsorbed organic gas due to the van der Walls attraction, and can be said to be a stable adsorption state. By adsorbing these fatty acids, not only the commie data segments and brushes made of Pt, Au, Pa, Ag, etc., which have a strong catalytic effect, but also those made of O, the surface of the sintered carbon brush, etc. It also adsorbs to other metal surfaces, preventing the adhesion of highly sensitive gases (styrene monomer, toluene, etc.) to the surface.

The adsorption power of H-cooH group is stronger than that of van der Waals adsorption of styrene monomer or toluene, for example, on -GO.
This is because OH bond adsorption occurs. If combustion occurs in the arc between Gracia commutator segments-C
In addition, fatty acids have oxygen in their molecular structure, so there is almost no generation of tar due to incomplete combustion, and there is very little formation of black compounds that can cause poor contact, so they burn well and prevent contact failure. It never happens.

Moreover, for small motors whose normal operating environment ranges from -10°C to +60°C, substances with N11 points or melting points of around 100'C to 250'C at 1 atmosphere are particularly effective. Yes, listed by type of fatty acid: 6) Bivalic acid - 164°C (boiling point at 1 atmosphere)
■Isocrotonic acid...169°C (boiling point under 1 atm) ■Isocrotonic acid...177°C (boiling point under 1 atm) [Co.] n-octanoic acid... -239°C (
Boiling point at 1 atmosphere) ■Maron acid - 136℃ (1
melting point under atmospheric pressure).

The fatty acids mentioned above are adsorbed onto the surfaces of the brush and commutator to form a monomolecular film, which greatly improves lubricity and significantly reduces wear on the contact parts.

(The results of the experiment are shown in Figure 6.) In Figure 6, (A) and (B) show all the rectified waveforms in a styrene monomer atmosphere containing an unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbon, and (A) shows the rectified waveforms at 60°. This is the rectified waveform before the C16%RH test, and (B) the rectified waveform after the C,5%RH 100-hour test.In addition, (C) and (D) are the rectified waveforms after the 100-hour test for hydrocarbon (toluene). Showing the confirmation results when about 10 to 1 g was adsorbed on the surface, (C)
is 60°C, 6%RH rectified waveform before 7 strikes, (DJ is 6
This is the rectified waveform after a 300 hour test at 0°C and Type 5 RH.

Furthermore, (E) and (F) show the confirmation results in a fatty acid atmosphere according to the present invention, and (E) shows the results at 60°C and 5% R.
Hte, 7 + - previous rectified waveform, (F) is 60'C, 5%
This is a rectified waveform after a RH1500 hour test.

Effects of the Invention As is clear from the following explanation, the present invention provides the following effects.

■ The adsorption of fatty acids on the commutator segment and brush surface acts as a lubricant, which has the effect of preventing abnormal wear and abrasion damage on sliding parts.

■ Even if there is an organic gas with a benzene ring such as styrene monomer or toluene, it will be protected by a film of fat 11.1J acids adsorbed on the brush and commutator surface, and the generation of blackening will be minimal. Poor contact between segments can be prevented. In addition, since contact failure does not occur, the generation of electrical noise is reduced, and the speed of small motors that is caused by unstable contact is stabilized, resulting in less wow and flutter in equipment that uses small motors. This has the effect of reducing

■ As a result of the above ■ and ■, the quality of small motors has improved,
It can significantly extend the lifespan.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a conventional example, and FIGS. 2(a) to (c) are
A diagram showing the configuration of a conventional Commy data sliding part, respectively.
3 and 4 are block diagrams of embodiments of the present invention, respectively, and FIGS. 6(a) and 6(b) are longitudinal and transverse sectional views of a small motor according to yet another embodiment of the present invention. , FIGS. 6(A) to 6(F) are diagrams showing rectified waveforms of the conventional example and the present invention. 3゛ Commie data sliding part, 4... Commie data segment, 12- Placket, 13... Kawa... Uzing, 14... Fell l-0 impregnated with fatty acids Name of agent Patent attorney Toshio Nakao and 1 other person
+1jiil 2nd side (α) Cbノ (C) Figure 3J Figure 5

Claims (1)

[Claims] A small motor that has a brush mechanism and commie data, and has a structure in which the brush and commie data contact and slide, has a linear carbon bond in the motor case, or has a side chain, and has a single or a single carbon bond in its molecular structure. A small motor with an atmosphere of fatty acids having several -COOH groups.