JPS6019831A - Wooden column base-buried type foundation - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent the breakage of foundation and superstructure by earthquake by a method in which column base fixing parts are attached to sole plate and connected with binders and concrete, and pillars are inserted into and fixed to the holes of the column base fixing parts. CONSTITUTION:The ground L is excavated, broken stones 22 are laid on the excavated hole to form a sole plate 2, and column base fixing parts 1 are fixed by the anchor bolts 21 of the sole plate 2 and connected with binders 3. Broken stones 41 are then laid and concrete 4 is placed on the stones 41. Pillars C as wooden structures are inserted into the spaces 14 of the column base fixing parts 1, bolts 16 are inserted into and fixed to the connectors 15 of the column base fixing parts 1, and where the legs of the pillars C reach the sole plate 2, the surrounding of the legs is foot-protected by the concrete 4 for the pillars C.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a new structural foundation for wooden buildings.

The basic structure of wooden buildings, which is Japan's traditional architectural structure, has been realized by a combination of ancient methods.

Furthermore, this type of foundation structure has become a fixed structure because it has been designated as a standard construction structure by regulatory authorities, and the situation is such that there is no room for technological progress or development. Therefore, most of the improvement technologies are related to prefabrication of foundation structures within the prefabricated architectural style. There was no.

However, in the past, there are many examples of the basic structure used in the past, such as the Niigata earthquake and Sendai earthquake, and recently the East Japan earthquake. As reported in the damage situation caused by earthquakes, etc., it is extremely vulnerable to crustal movements, and is prone to partial cracks, collapse, and subsidence, and in cases where quicksand phenomena occur, it is impossible to restore or repair the side bottom. In addition to the drawbacks of the foundation structure itself, such as being easily destroyed, anchor bolts are only used as connecting members between the foundation and the wooden frame connected above it. However, it has structural defects such as the wooden frame (foundation) being broken and separated from the connecting part.In addition, the construction process starts with root cutting, forming the footing of the cloth foundation, and the rising part of the same. In order to form the formwork, it is quite time-consuming to install the formwork, and there are many accompanying works such as arranging reinforcing bars and arranging anchor bolts, so it is difficult to save labor in terms of work efficiency. However, this would have resulted in a disadvantage in terms of economic efficiency.

This invention focuses on the shortcomings of the conventional foundation structures, and is a foundation for wooden buildings with an extremely novel structure developed and completed in order to eliminate these shortcomings.The details of the structure are described below. This will be explained in detail.

As can be understood from the drawings shown as representative embodiments of the wooden column base embedded foundation of the present invention, the present invention basically consists of a foundation plate 2 of a predetermined shape and a base plate 2 that is fixed on the foundation plate 2. It consists of a column base fixing member 1, hardwood 6 that connects each column base fixing member 1, 1, and poured concrete 4.

The foundation board 2 is usually made of concrete and has a size of about 1200 fntn square and a thickness of about 150 fntn, and is formed by casting on site as in the illustrated example, or by prefabricated. You can also choose to form it using a hardened concrete slab. In this foundation board 2,
A fixing fitting according to the fixing structure of the column base fixing member 1 to be described later,
Usually, the anchor bolt 21 is embedded in advance.

In the figure, 22 indicates a split stone.

The column base fixing member 1 has a fixing member 12 on the bottom formed with a fixing part 1 such as an insertion hole for the fixing fitting of the foundation plate 2, for example, an anchor bolt 21, and is usually made of a single piece. It is formed of a flat steel plate and has a column base insertion space 14 in the center of its upper surface,
and a column base insertion member 1 having a length that reaches the ground surface.
1. For example, it is formed by integrally erecting a cylindrical steel material or the like by means such as welding. The column base insertion space 14 of this column base insertion member 11 is a hollow rectangular tube type as shown in the perspective view of FIG. 6, or an L-shaped column type as shown in FIG.
Four flat steel plates 11a, 11a...-
In addition to those that form a square column base insertion space and seal the corners, and those that combine two sets of flat rectangular bent plates 11b and 11b as shown in the same figure (b),
Depending on the case, it may be a hollow cylindrical shape with a thin hollow or cross-section, but any structure can be used as long as the column base insertion space 14 can be securely secured during concrete pouring. However, it is possible to adopt. Further, near the upper end of this column pedestal insertion member 11, a column pedestal connection part 15 such as a bolt insertion hole is formed, so that one person can enter the column pedestal insertion space 14 and the fitted column pedestal can be pulled out from the same place. Connect and secure so that it does not come out.

The hardwood filter is bridged between the column base fixing members 1, 1 erected for each column split, and these column base fixing members 1.1...
In addition to reinforcing the horizontal structural strength of the concrete 4, it also acts as a tensile resistance member and ordinary reinforcing steel by being embedded in the poured concrete 4 described later, and as a result, it functions as a kind of underground beam. It is. Therefore, in addition to realizing this by arranging the angle members vertically and vertically at a predetermined interval as shown in the figure, it is of course possible to use ordinary reinforcing bars instead.
Depending on the column split, ground conditions, the structural scale of the wooden structure, its use, etc., a lattice beam-like structure may be installed horizontally.

The key construction concrete 4 has a downward bowl-shaped portion for each grid G formed by the column base fixing members 1, 1, etc., which are erected for each column division. formed,
And each grid G, G...all or
Except for a part (for example, the part forming the entrance dirt floor, the part forming the parking lot dirt floor, etc.), the other grids G, G, etc. are all formed in a continuous single plate shape. It is. In the illustrated embodiment, in order to realize the side concrete 4 having the configuration shown in "-", a 7-shaped groove is dug between the various leg fixing members 1, 1, and the dug soil is used for each grid G, G.
After leveling within... each grid G, G...
Although this example is shown as an example achieved by so-called cast-in-place concrete construction, in which ready-mixed concrete is poured to a predetermined thickness beyond the boundaries of ) It is of course also possible to create a boot by connecting existing members into a single plate-like object using a boss tension method or the like. In any case, by simply excavating a 7-shaped groove between each column base fixing member 1, 1, the V-shaped groove itself will serve as a mold for receiving the concrete. There is no need to use formwork at all, and unlike conventional root cutting work, there is no need to pay attention to digging the minimum amount of trenches or backfilling after forming the cloth foundation. Another advantage is that each unit grid G has a structure in which the foundation ground is held in a downward bowl-shaped portion at the center thereof. In the figure, 41 indicates a split stone.

The column base embedded type foundation of the present invention, which is composed of the above-mentioned components, is illustrated in the A-'A sectional view of the foundation plan shown in Figure 1, for example, with part of Figure 2 omitted. It can be shown as a cross-sectional view.

That is, after laying split stones 22 at each column split portion dug to a predetermined depth from the ground surface, foundation plates 2, 2...
・Form. When realizing the foundation plates 2, 2, etc. by pouring concrete on site, only the portion where the structural columns will be erected, determined by the column splitting, is dug down to the specified size of the foundation plate 2, and the split stones 22 are and anchor bolt 2
After arranging the required reinforcement as described in step 1, it is only necessary to level it to a predetermined thickness, and there is no need to install formwork at all. Then, the column base fixing member 1 is fixed using the anchor bolt 21 of the foundation board 2, and a 7-shaped groove is dug between each column base fixing member 1, 1 according to the column division, and the connecting holes 6... . . . to connect each column base fixing member 1, 1. On the other hand, after dispersing and leveling the soil excavated at locations other than the V-shaped groove forming part on the ground surface within the vertical grids G, G...... formed by column splitting. , spread the cracked stones 41 and pour the ready-mixed concrete 4 in a continuous state beyond the boundaries of each unit grid G, G... The formation depth of the foundation board 2 is adjusted so that the horizontal plane 14 of the upper surface leveling mortar that will be adopted according to In addition, the length of the column base fixing member 11 in the column base fixing member 1, the thickness of the pour concrete 4, etc. must be determined in advance to necessary values.

In this way, the foundation plates 2, 2 of a predetermined shape arranged below the ground surface
...has a column pedestal insertion space 14 in the upper strut, and
Column base fixing members 1, 1 having a predetermined length reaching above the ground surface
. . . are fixed, and each column pedestal fixing member 1 is connected and fixed by connecting and fixing each column pedestal fixing member 1.

1... All unit grids G, G... of the grid formed by the installation positions (i.e., column divisions)
. . . or all other unit grids G, LJ except for some unit grids G, .
. . . A wooden column base embedded foundation is completed by integrally forming the concrete 4 with a predetermined width left at the upper end.

A column C as a wooden structural member is inserted from three sides into the column base insertion space 14 of the column base fixing member 1 of the foundation of this invention formed as described above, and the leg of the column C is substantially connected to the foundation. When the plate 2 is reached, the surrounding area is reinforced with poured concrete 4. At this time, durability can be improved by applying antiseptic and insect repellent treatment to the column base. Then, by inserting a bolt or other metal fitting 16 into the column base connecting part 15 provided near one end of the column base fixing part side 1, the column C is completely fixed. In this way, the pillar C, which is a structural member, realizes a structure that looks like it is planted on a solid foundation formed in the form of a single plate, completely breaking away from the conventional connection structure via the foundation. Thereafter, a floor joist (not shown) is placed directly on the upper surface of the poured concrete 4 to finish the flooring. Therefore, compared to the prior art, not only the foundation but also most of the floor structure parts such as the flint foundation, bundles, roots, and ohiki are omitted.

In this way, since the joists will be placed directly on the top surface of the poured concrete 4, a waterproof structure will be installed inside the poured concrete 4 in order to prevent the influence of moisture from the 4 sides of the concrete 4. Take first-rate measures, or
As in the illustrated embodiment, a ventilation opening 5 is formed.

Ventilation 05 is formed as follows. That is, 1, pillars C1, C2, which will be located at the outermost side in the bill splitting,
Column base fixing part side 1°1.1...
・A concrete pouring surface 42 (usually about 200 fl 1 m) lower than the top surface of the concrete 4 is formed on the outer side of the concrete 4.
By forming an inclined groove or a cutout groove reaching the upper surface of the concrete concrete 4, a simple ventilation opening 5 as shown in FIG. 5 can be formed, and this can be realized by installing a grill 51. . However, if you want to realize a more perfect ventilation opening 5, it should be as shown in the basic plan shown in Figure 6.
If grooves 52 are formed in a lattice pattern on the top surface of the poured concrete 4 so that the ventilation holes 5, 5... are connected, there is a risk that the joists will be installed and become closed. Ventilation is also ensured in areas where there is a
It becomes possible to completely eliminate the influence of moisture from the surface.

As mentioned above, the column base embedded type foundation of the present invention has the following points in terms of structure: ■ The connection structure with the column, which is the structural material of the superstructure, is completely embedded, so it is less susceptible to external forces and special effects. In response to earthquakes, the foundation and the two-part structure are separated as in the previous one. There is no risk of it being destroyed; ■The foundation structure, including the column bases, is solid like a single plate, similar to a so-called solid foundation, and each unit grid G is oriented downward. Because a bowl-shaped part is formed, crustal deformation during earthquakes,
In addition to creating a foundation structure that is particularly resistant to quicksand phenomena, a foundation plate with sufficient bearing strength is formed on the lower surface of each column pedestal fixing member, and an underground beam-like structure is formed between each column pedestal fixing member. The 11 thick concrete sections are formed in a lattice pattern, completely preventing individual horizontal movement of columns and uneven settlement; Although it does not require any floor frame structural members such as girders, an extremely sturdy undercarriage structure with high structural strength can be achieved; (for example, around 210 fim square), it is possible to achieve the specified structural strength without using any braces, which not only has the advantage of omitting the work of removing braces, but also improves space utilization. For example, the flexibility of room allocation and ease of expansion/renovation can be ensured; ■ The frame structural members are completely isolated from the ground surface, completely preventing damage from pests such as termites; , moisture from the ground is not propagated, and corrosion and deterioration can be effectively prevented.

In addition, in terms of construction, ■Since no formwork is required at the foundation formation stage, not only does the cost of consumable parts such as formwork and separators become unnecessary;
The cost of forming the formwork and its removal is saved.
The construction period will be shortened, ■ By devising the work procedure (from forming the foundation slab to forming the 7-figure groove), the work for pouring concrete will be simpler, which will be advantageous in terms of costs and construction period, ■ The removal of soil does not interfere with work efficiency, the work can be carried out smoothly, and safe work is guaranteed; ■The amount of concrete poured is slightly larger than that using conventional technology. However, -1
, The increase in the cost of raw materials for the concrete used ε1 is more than compensated for by the reduction in expenses as described in ■～■, etc.;
By allowing the J'J concrete surface to redden for a specified period of time, it becomes possible to use it as a flat work surface, allowing for efficient and safe work such as frame construction, other processing, and silk-making work. (This will also allow the entry of crane trucks, etc.), and ■ The pillar itself can be temporarily erected by erecting the pillar or by applying glue into the column pedestal insertion space of the column pedestal fixing member (however, the risk of tipping over is 1.1").
The erection work can be done quickly and safely, since it can stand on its own (in a very safe manner). Therefore, by predetermining the column division into a predetermined constant grid, the frame structural member or its (= J associated part I4) can be divided into beam units or beam units (, γ, or, depending on the case). It is extremely easy to unitize into a three-dimensional unit and create a prefabricated architectural style, unlike previous foundation structures such as cloth foundations or cloth foundations combined with independent foundations. It has a number of features that have not been realized in many countries, and it can be used as the basic structure for three-story wooden houses, which have been a hot topic recently, and it also fits well into the climate of Japan. It can greatly contribute to increasing the structural strength of wooden buildings and reducing construction costs.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show a typical embodiment of the invention, and FIG. 1 is a basic plan view showing the entire structure, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the A-A cross section in FIG. 1, with a part omitted. 6 is a perspective view showing the height of the column base fixing member, and FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the height of the column base fixing member, and FIG. A corresponding perspective view, FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along the line E-B in FIG. 1, and FIG. 6 is a basic plan view showing another embodiment of the ventilation port. 1... Column base fixing member, 11... Column base insertion member, ]2
... Anchoring part removal, 13... Anchoring part, 14... Column pedestal insertion space, 15... Column pedestal connection part, 2... Foundation board, 3...
・Strike, 4...Pouring 1) Ru, 52...Grid groove, C...Column, G...Unit Riso l', L...Ground surface. Patent Applicant Morning 1) Yuuki Yuuki 11zulZ Jiku 9 IA Figure 5 Figure 6

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A column base fixing member having a column base insertion space and a predetermined length reaching above the ground surface is fixed on each foundation plate of a predetermined shape disposed below the ground surface. , each column base fixing member is connected and fixed by hammering, and depending on the installation position of each column base fixing member, each grid formed or all other units except for some unit grids A wooden column base embedded foundation in which a downward bowl-shaped part is formed for each grid, and a cast concrete layer is integrally formed such that the upper end of each column base fixing member remains by a predetermined width. 2. A patent claim in which the column base fixing member is formed of a flat steel plate for fixing onto the foundation board, and a cylindrical steel member that is erected and integrated on the fixing flat steel plate and has a column base connecting portion at the upper end. Embedded foundations with wooden column bases as described in item 1. (b) A concrete casting surface is formed on the outer side of the column base fixing part located at the outermost side, which is one step lower than the top surface of the poured concrete, and a ventilation hole is formed in the step between the two. The wooden column foot embedded foundation described in items 1 and 2. 4. A ventilation groove is formed on the upper surface of the inner cast concrete of the outermost column base fixing member, and each ventilation opening is made continuous by the ventilation groove. Embedded wooden column foundation.