JPS60201176A - Antifreezing valve - Google Patents
Antifreezing valveInfo
- Publication number
- JPS60201176A JPS60201176A JP5464884A JP5464884A JPS60201176A JP S60201176 A JPS60201176 A JP S60201176A JP 5464884 A JP5464884 A JP 5464884A JP 5464884 A JP5464884 A JP 5464884A JP S60201176 A JPS60201176 A JP S60201176A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- shape memory
- spring
- valve
- temperature
- memory alloy
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 229910001285 shape-memory alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000002528 anti-freeze Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 108010053481 Antifreeze Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- KHYBPSFKEHXSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N iminotitanium Chemical compound [Ti]=N KHYBPSFKEHXSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910001000 nickel titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005491 wire drawing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001323501 Apamea zeta Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003137 locomotive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K17/00—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves
- F16K17/36—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves actuated in consequence of extraneous circumstances, e.g. shock, change of position
- F16K17/38—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves actuated in consequence of extraneous circumstances, e.g. shock, change of position of excessive temperature
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Temperature-Responsive Valves (AREA)
- Safety Valves (AREA)
- Wire Processing (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（発明の技術分野）
本発明は、例えばディーゼル機関車等のスチーム暖房に
使用され、スチームの凝結水を排出するための凍結防止
弁に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Technical Field of the Invention) The present invention relates to an antifreeze valve used for steam heating of diesel locomotives, for example, and for discharging condensed water of steam.
（発明の技術的背景）
かかる凍結防止弁は、特に寒冷地の車輌用として使用さ
れるスチーム暖房用のもので本出願人が特願昭５８−２
５１４２３及び％願昭５８−２５１４２４等で開示した
ように、従来のベローズによる感温作動の欠点を形状記
憶合金ばねに変更することによシ弁の凍結防止の効果を
得るものである。(Technical Background of the Invention) This antifreeze valve is for steam heating, which is used especially for vehicles in cold regions, and the present applicant filed a patent application filed in 1983-2.
As disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 51423 and Japanese Patent Application No. 58-251424, the deficiencies of the temperature-sensitive operation of the conventional bellows are replaced with a shape memory alloy spring, thereby obtaining the effect of preventing the valve from freezing.
即ち、第１図に図示する如く、中空の弁本体１２内に上
部中央に長身の案内筒部１６を一体に形成した弁体１６
を設置し、該弁体１６の案内筒部１６内に弁１４の長身
軸部１４ａを上端側が上方に突出する状態で挿通して、
該弁１４の昇降を支持案内する構成とすると共に、かか
る弁１４と弁体１６の上部内面間に弁１４を常時閉方向
即ち降下方向に付勢するＮ ｉ −Ｔ ｉ合金によるコ
イル状の形状記憶合金ばね１８を装着し、他方弁１４の
突出軸部１４ａの上端鍔部１４ｂと弁体１６の上部外面
間に弁１４を常時開方向即ち上昇方向に付勢するバイア
スばね１９を装着する構成となっている。That is, as shown in FIG. 1, a valve body 16 has a long guide cylinder 16 integrally formed in the center of the upper part of the hollow valve body 12.
is installed, and the long shaft portion 14a of the valve 14 is inserted into the guide cylinder portion 16 of the valve body 16 with the upper end side protruding upward,
A coil-like shape made of a Ni-Ti alloy is configured to support and guide the elevation of the valve 14, and to always bias the valve 14 in the closing direction, that is, in the descending direction, between the valve 14 and the upper inner surface of the valve body 16. A memory alloy spring 18 is attached, and a bias spring 19 is attached between the upper end flange 14b of the protruding shaft portion 14a of the valve 14 and the upper outer surface of the valve body 16 to always bias the valve 14 in the open direction, that is, in the upward direction. It becomes.
（背景技術の問題点）
従来のかかる凍結防止弁は、凝結水が弁体１２内に集積
しその凝結水の冷却温度を形状記憶合金ばね１８が感知
することによシ弁１４を開放し集積した凝結水を放出す
るものであった。(Problems with Background Art) In such a conventional antifreeze valve, condensed water accumulates in the valve body 12, and the shape memory alloy spring 18 senses the cooling temperature of the condensed water to open the valve 14 and prevent the condensed water from accumulating. It released condensed water.
本来、スチーム暖房の蒸気弁は置部蒸気を供給するだめ
のものであるから、弁の開閉温度は蒸気温度附近が最も
望ましいものである。Originally, the steam valve for steam heating is only for supplying steam to the station, so it is most desirable that the opening/closing temperature of the valve be close to the steam temperature.
仮りに８０℃附近の弁開閉作動では、相当量の凝結水の
集積がないと開弁しないこととなり、よってスチーム暖
房機の熱効率が低下することとなる。If the valve were to be opened and closed at temperatures around 80° C., the valve would not open unless a considerable amount of condensed water had accumulated, which would reduce the thermal efficiency of the steam heater.
もし、常に蒸気温゛度程度て開弁作動が行なわれるなら
ば、凝結水の集積が少くてすみ、当然に開弁回数、開弁
時間が少く、従って熱交率の高いスチーム暖房を行うこ
とができる。If the valve opening operation is always performed at a temperature around the steam temperature, there will be less accumulation of condensed water, and the number of valve openings and valve opening time will naturally be reduced, and therefore steam heating with a high heat exchange rate can be performed. I can do it.
以上の如く、従来凍結防止弁では加圧による温度の上昇
で１００℃以上になる蒸気を長時間受けた形状記憶合金
ばねは作動による永久変形（ベタリ）を受けやすく弁の
閉塞能力の低下を来すと共に、開弁時間が長くなシ、従
って熱効率も低下するという問題点が生じた。As mentioned above, in conventional antifreeze valves, shape memory alloy springs that have been exposed to steam at temperatures of 100°C or higher due to pressurization for a long period of time are susceptible to permanent deformation (stickiness) due to operation, resulting in a decrease in the valve's closing ability. At the same time, a problem arose in that the valve opening time was long and, therefore, the thermal efficiency was reduced.
（発明の目的）
本発明は以上の問題点に鑑み案出きれたもので、凍結防
止弁に使用される形状記憶合金ばねの成形を、強制補強
を与えた伸線加工手段と、巻線手段と、低い処理温度に
よる形状記憶処理温度手段とを順次与えることにより記
憶処理された形状記憶合金ばねを使用し、他のバイアス
ばねとの共同で温度差を感知して作動装置を開閉するよ
うに構成することによシ従来技術の欠点を解消せんとす
るものである。(Object of the Invention) The present invention has been devised in view of the above-mentioned problems, and it is possible to form a shape memory alloy spring used in an antifreeze valve by using a wire drawing means with forcible reinforcement and a wire winding means. A shape memory alloy spring that has been memorized by sequentially applying a shape memory treatment temperature means and a shape memory treatment temperature means using a low treatment temperature is used, and in collaboration with other bias springs, the actuating device is opened and closed by sensing the temperature difference. The present invention attempts to overcome the drawbacks of the prior art by configuring the present invention.
（発明の概要）
形状記憶合金ばねに使用される形状記憶合金は、一般に
温度と出力の関係がゆるやかに移動し、変態温度を境に
して急激な変位を示すものであり、通常はヒステリメス
の少ない処理温度として４００℃〜５００℃が利用され
ている。(Summary of the Invention) Shape memory alloys used in shape memory alloy springs generally exhibit a gradual change in the relationship between temperature and output, and then exhibit rapid displacement once the transformation temperature is reached, and usually have little hysteresis. A treatment temperature of 400°C to 500°C is used.
常時高温雰囲気中で使用されるばね利としては、変態温
度を上列させた素材にすればよいわけであるが、このよ
うにすれば第２図の如く、累月の変態温度はＮｌ量と比
例関係にあるためＮｉ量が減少した羽村となる。For springs used in a constantly high-temperature atmosphere, it is sufficient to use materials with higher transformation temperatures, but in this way, as shown in Figure 2, the monthly transformation temperature will be equal to the amount of Nl. Since there is a proportional relationship, the amount of Ni decreases in Hamura.
形状記憶合金によるばね特性は変態温度と同様にＮｌ量
と比例関係にあるためＮｉ量が減少するとげね作動中に
永久変形が起シやすい。The spring properties of the shape memory alloy are proportional to the amount of Nl as well as the transformation temperature, so if the amount of Ni decreases, permanent deformation tends to occur during the operation of the spring.
特に本発明による凍結防止弁では、加圧の影響によって
蒸気温度が１００℃以上に上列するため、かかる雰囲気
に耐えるだけのばねを必要とする。In particular, in the antifreeze valve according to the present invention, since the steam temperature rises to 100° C. or higher due to the influence of pressurization, a spring capable of withstanding such an atmosphere is required.
本発明はかかる観点より開発されたものである。The present invention was developed from this viewpoint.
（発明の実施例）
本発明の実施例としては、第１図に図示する凍結防止弁
を流用するものである。(Embodiment of the Invention) As an embodiment of the present invention, the antifreeze valve shown in FIG. 1 is used.
即ち、中空の弁本体１２内に上部中央に長身の東向筒部
１５を一体に形成した弁体１６を設置し、該弁体１６の
案内筒部１６内に作動装置１４の長身軸部１４ａを上端
側が上方に突出する状態で押通して、該弁１４の昇降を
支持案内する構成とすると共に、作動装置１４と弁体１
６の上部内面間に作動装置１４を常時閉方向即ち降下方
向に伺勢するＮｉ−Ｔｉ合金によるコイル状の形状記憶
合金ばね１８を装着し、他方作動装置１４の突出軸部１
４ ａの上端鍔部１４ｂと弁体１６の上部外面間に作動
装置１４を常時開方向即ち上昇方向に付勢するバイアス
ばね１９を装着する構成とするものである。That is, a valve body 16 integrally formed with a tall eastward cylindrical portion 15 at the center of the upper part is installed in a hollow valve body 12, and a long shaft portion 14a of the actuating device 14 is placed inside the guide cylinder portion 16 of the valve body 16. The valve 14 is pushed through with its upper end protruding upward to support and guide the lifting and lowering of the valve 14, and the actuating device 14 and the valve body 1
A coiled shape memory alloy spring 18 made of a Ni-Ti alloy is installed between the upper inner surfaces of the actuating device 14 to normally force the actuating device 14 in the closing direction, that is, in the downward direction.
A bias spring 19 is installed between the upper end flange 14b of 4a and the upper outer surface of the valve body 16 to always bias the actuating device 14 in the open direction, that is, in the upward direction.
又両ばね１８，１９のばね圧は、蒸気通過中の弁本体１
２内が高温に維持きれている時は形状記憶合金はね１８
のばね圧がバイアスばね圧に打ち勝って伸長し、凝結水
の集積によシ低温となると形状記憶合金ばね１８が収縮
して、今度は逆にバイアスばね１９のばね圧が打ち勝つ
て伸長するように設定するものである。Also, the spring pressure of both springs 18 and 19 is
When the inside of 2 is not maintained at high temperature, shape memory alloy splashes 18
The spring pressure of the spring overcomes the bias spring pressure and expands, and when the temperature decreases due to the accumulation of condensed water, the shape memory alloy spring 18 contracts, and in turn, the spring pressure of the bias spring 19 overcomes and expands. This is what you set.
ここで、形状記憶合金ばね１８を形成する形状記憶合金
は、伸線拐になされたあとげね加工する際に、強制補強
を与えた伸線加工手段と、巻線手段と低い処理温度によ
る形状記憶処理温度手段とを順次与えることＫよりばね
１８に成形する。Here, the shape memory alloy forming the shape memory alloy spring 18 is shaped by a wire drawing means that provides forcible reinforcement, a wire winding means, and a low processing temperature during the wire drawing process. The spring 18 is formed by sequentially applying the storage temperature means.
具体的には、強制補強を与えた伸線加工手段は第；う図
の如く、ソイ−トローラ−２０１２０間を通過する伸線
拐２２を強制的に押圧し表面皮膜全体に加工歪を付加す
る。Specifically, as shown in the figure, the wire drawing processing means with forcible reinforcement forcibly presses the wire drawing strip 22 passing between the soy rollers and the rollers 20120 to apply processing strain to the entire surface film. .
巻線手段２３はワイヤーカイト２１の通過後は通常の巻
線方法と同様とし、形状記憶合金の特性として曲率を与
えることによって加工歪が更に付加される。After passing the wire kite 21, the winding means 23 is wound in the same manner as a normal wire winding method, and processing strain is further added by imparting curvature as a characteristic of the shape memory alloy.
低い処、Ｌ！Ｉ！ 温度による形状記憶処理温度手段は
第４図に図示する如く、記憶処理温度を通常公知の処理
温度である５００℃前後より、はるかに低い温度即ち、
約１時間、２５０℃の処理温度で処理する。Low place, L! I! As shown in FIG. 4, the temperature-based shape memory processing temperature means sets the memory processing temperature to a temperature much lower than the normally known processing temperature of around 500°C, i.e.,
Process at a processing temperature of 250° C. for about 1 hour.
これによって雰囲気温度が１００℃であっても弁閉力は
通常の処理温度のものと同−粂件となる。As a result, even if the ambient temperature is 100° C., the valve closing force is the same as that at a normal processing temperature.
この上記処理温度は巻線による加工歪を見金に消却場せ
ないものとする。The above-mentioned processing temperature is such that processing distortion caused by the winding wire cannot be destroyed.
（発明の作用）
よって、かかる構成の凍結防止弁にあっては、蒸気流通
管１１内の蒸気の一部が冷却して凝結水となり、中空弁
本体１２内に流下して温度が低下すると、Ｎ ＩＴ ｉ
形状記憶合金ばね１８が収縮してバイアスばね１９のば
ね圧が形状記憶合金ばね１８のばね圧に打ち勝つので、
第５図に示す如く作動装置１４は弁体１６０案内筒部１
５の支持案内作用を受けて上劉し、排出口１３を自動的
に開き、凝結水を弁体１６の壁部に穿設をれだ各通孔１
６ａを経て抽出口１３から外部に自然排水する。(Operation of the Invention) Therefore, in the antifreeze valve having such a configuration, when a part of the steam in the steam distribution pipe 11 cools and becomes condensed water and flows down into the hollow valve body 12 and the temperature decreases, N IT i
Since the shape memory alloy spring 18 contracts and the spring pressure of the bias spring 19 overcomes the spring pressure of the shape memory alloy spring 18,
As shown in FIG.
5, the discharge port 13 is automatically opened, and the condensed water is drained through each through hole 1 drilled in the wall of the valve body 16.
The water is naturally drained to the outside from the extraction port 13 via 6a.
完全排水後、弁本体１２内が再び蒸気により高温となる
と、今度は形状記憶合金ばね１８が伸長してバイアスば
ね１９のばね圧に打ち勝つのて、第１図に示す如く作動
装置１４は再び弁体１６の案内筒部１６の支持案内作用
を受けて ′降下し、排出口１３を自動的に閉じること
になる。After complete drainage, when the inside of the valve body 12 becomes hot again due to steam, the shape memory alloy spring 18 expands and overcomes the spring pressure of the bias spring 19, and the actuating device 14 again closes the valve as shown in FIG. Under the support and guidance action of the guide cylinder part 16 of the body 16, it descends and automatically closes the discharge port 13.
（発明の効果）
以上の如く、本発明によって具現される通シ、凍結防止
弁に使用される形状記憶合金ばねσ成形を、強制補強を
与えた伸線加工手段と、巻線手段と、低い処理温度によ
る形状記憶処理温度手段とを順次与えることにより記憶
処理された形状記憶合金ばねを使用し、他のバイアスば
ねとの共同で温度差を感知して作動装置を開閉するよう
に構成したことを％徴とするものであるから、１００℃
以上の蒸気流体の雰囲気中で長時間作動装置を作動させ
ても永久変形を生ずることがなく、また、開弁時間や回
数も少くなるため熱効率が上ケ１し経済的効果も大きい
。(Effects of the Invention) As described above, the shape memory alloy spring σ forming used in the through hole and anti-freeze valve realized by the present invention can be achieved by using a wire drawing means with forced reinforcement, a wire winding means, and a low A shape memory alloy spring that has been subjected to memory treatment by sequentially applying a shape memory treatment temperature means according to a treatment temperature is used, and the actuating device is configured to open and close by sensing a temperature difference in conjunction with other bias springs. Since the percentage is 100℃
Even if the operating device is operated for a long time in the above-mentioned vapor fluid atmosphere, no permanent deformation occurs, and the valve opening time and number of times are also reduced, so thermal efficiency is improved and economical effects are also large.
しかも、形状記憶合金ばねの使用によシ、たとえ不使用
中作動装置が凍結しても部品の交換が年波であり、何ら
損傷することがなく、半永久的使用に耐える効果も得ら
れた。Furthermore, by using the shape memory alloy spring, even if the actuating device freezes when not in use, parts need not be replaced every year, and there is no damage, resulting in an effect that can withstand semi-permanent use.
第１図は形状記憶合金ばねを使用した凍結防止弁の閉状
態を示す縦断正面図、第２図は形状記憶合金の成分量と
変態温度との関係特性図、第３図はぼね成形手段を示す
説明図、第４図は変態温度と荷重との関係を記憶処理温
度を・ζラメ−ターとして示した図表、第５図は同凍結
防止弁の開状態を示す縦断正面図である。
１２・・・・・弁本体
１３・ｅ・・・排出口
１４・・・・・作動装置
１４ａ・・・弁動部
１６・・・・・案内筒部
１６・・・・・弁 体
１８・・・・・形状記憶合金ばね
１９・・・・・バイアスばね
代理人 弁理士 新 藤 義 Ｈｔ
奔ｆｑでFig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional front view showing the closed state of an antifreeze valve using a shape memory alloy spring, Fig. 2 is a characteristic diagram of the relationship between the component amount of the shape memory alloy and the transformation temperature, and Fig. 3 is a spring forming means. FIG. 4 is a chart showing the relationship between transformation temperature and load using the memory treatment temperature as a .zeta. lameter, and FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional front view showing the antifreeze valve in its open state. 12... Valve body 13, e... Discharge port 14... Actuating device 14a... Valve operating portion 16... Guide tube portion 16... Valve body 18. ... Shape memory alloy spring 19 ... Bias spring agent Patent attorney Yoshi Shindo Ht.
Claims (1)
る作動装置を備えた凍結防止弁において、該凍結防止弁
に使用される形状記憶合金ばねに強制補強を与えた伸線
加工手段と、巻線手段と、低い処理温度による形状記憶
処理手段と７ｉ−順次与えることにより形成纏れた形状
記憶合金ばねを使用し他のバイアスばねとの共同で温度
差を感知して作動装置を開閉するように構成したことを
特徴とする凍結防止弁。 （２） 形状記憶処理手段を２５０℃から２６０℃の低
い処理温度によって行ったばねを使用することを特徴と
する特許請求の範囲第１項記載の凍結防止弁。 （３） 形状記憶処理手段は、巻線手段での加工歪を消
却しない程度の加温処理として形成したばねを使用する
ことを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項記載の凍結防止
弁。[Scope of Claims] +11 In an anti-freeze valve equipped with an actuating device that opens and closes using the temperature-sensitive function of a shape-memory alloy spring, an elongated shape-memory alloy spring used in the anti-freeze valve is forcibly reinforced. A wire processing means, a winding means, a shape memory processing means using a low processing temperature, and a shape memory alloy spring formed by applying 7i sequentially are used to sense the temperature difference in collaboration with other bias springs. An antifreeze valve characterized in that an actuating device is configured to open and close. (2) The anti-freeze valve according to claim 1, characterized in that a spring whose shape memory processing means is processed at a low processing temperature of 250°C to 260°C is used. (3) The antifreeze valve according to claim 1, wherein the shape memory processing means uses a spring that has been heated to a degree that does not eliminate processing strain in the winding means.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5464884A JPS60201176A (en) | 1984-03-22 | 1984-03-22 | Antifreezing valve |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5464884A JPS60201176A (en) | 1984-03-22 | 1984-03-22 | Antifreezing valve |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS60201176A true JPS60201176A (en) | 1985-10-11 |
| JPH0368263B2 JPH0368263B2 (en) | 1991-10-25 |
Family
ID=12976597
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5464884A Granted JPS60201176A (en) | 1984-03-22 | 1984-03-22 | Antifreezing valve |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS60201176A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2444703A1 (en) * | 2010-10-19 | 2012-04-25 | HS Marston Aerospace Limited | Thermal valve |
-
1984
- 1984-03-22 JP JP5464884A patent/JPS60201176A/en active Granted
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2444703A1 (en) * | 2010-10-19 | 2012-04-25 | HS Marston Aerospace Limited | Thermal valve |
| US8708243B2 (en) | 2010-10-19 | 2014-04-29 | Hs Marston Aerospace Ltd. | Thermal valve |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0368263B2 (en) | 1991-10-25 |
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