JPS6022909B2 - Fermentation method using scraped tube fermenter - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a fermentation method, particularly a fermentation method using a scraped tube fermenter.

Certain fermentation methods cannot be processed or efficiently implemented in conventional rope tank fermenters.

One of these fermentation methods is in the continuous production of secondary metabolites, such as extracellular enzymes whose product formation lags behind the growth of the microorganism. That is, in this example, a fermenter with a plug flow of liquid through the device would theoretically provide higher productivity than a fermenter with a mixed flow. Other of these fermentation methods are the fermentation equipment walls of solids, such as those resulting from the growth of microorganisms, especially filamentous microorganisms, metabolic polymerization products or the growth of soots, special substances such as those found in the microbial degeneration of solids. There are some that lead to continuous deposition of

In addition, there are other types such as large filamentous growth or sooty membrane growth that require only mold-like conditions. In plug flow of substances through pipes, containers, etc., the individual substances do not mix in the longitudinal direction of the flow and can be considered to be isolated from each other.

This is in complete contrast to the mixed flow system of the conventional Isoyo tank fermenter, in which the substances involved in production are completely mixed through the container. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for fermenting a substrate by microorganisms that can utilize the substrate for growth, and the method involves transporting fermented soot containing substrates and microorganisms through a hollow chamberless tube. During the transportation of fermented soot, the substrate is fermented by microorganisms, and the inner wall of the tube is also scraped during this time.

The present invention will be explained below based on the attached drawings.

First, the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 will be explained.
has a tube 12 mounted on a generally horizontal fermenter shaft with an inlet 14 at one end and an outlet 16 at the other end.

To further explain the interior of the tube fermenter 10, there is a shaft 18 mounted in the tube for rotation by a motor 20 which can be adapted to any structure.

The spacer pockets 22 are mounted parallel to the shaft 18 and are arranged in planetary motion on the shaft 18 for rotation together. In order to obtain mechanical stability, the shaft 18 can be fitted with any desired number of spars 22. The first tube 24 is helically wrapped around the baser rod 22 and has a number of holes 26 drilled along its length so that the tube 1
The gas supplied to the tube 24 via the tube 28 in the tube 2 can be vented.

Gases such as nitrogen are used to provide radial mixing of the soot material, while air or other gases containing molecular oxygen are used to provide radial mixing and air mixing of the fermentation material.
The first tube 24 is arranged such that the radially outer end of the helical winding contacts the inner wall of the tube 12. The second tube 3 is also wound helically around the baser rod 22 at will with respect to the winding formed by the tube 24.

The second tube 30 communicates with a liquid supply tube 32 for passage of a liquid through the tube 30 which acts as a thermostatically controlled soot for the fermentation medium in the tube 12. The radially outer end of the winding extending through the second tube 30 is the tube 1.
It is arranged to engage with the inner wall of No. 2.

A number of vent closures 34 are installed in tube 12 at convenient intervals along its length to permit venting of gas from tube 12. In operation, tube 12 is partially soot-filled. It may be filled to allow effluent gas to accumulate on top of the soot.

This outflow gas is vented via a gas vent 34 as required. The shaft 18 is rotated by the motor 20, thereby rotating the shaft 22 and the tubes 24 and 3 in the stationary tube 12.
0 rotates.

The helical winding formed by tubes 24 and 30 is rotated by a collector ring or other suitable device, and its scraping action removes growing cells or other deposits on the inner wall of tube 12 toward the outlet. Move the solids.

These helical windings also provide partial separation between media elements along the stationary tube 12. The speed of the shaft 18 is related to the flow of the acid generating medium at a rate slow enough not to seriously disturb the axial flow of the medium, so that the soot material moves in a cypress-like manner through the tube 12. In aerobic fermentation, tube 24
Air bubbles expelled from the liquid part into the liquid soot tend to cause an axial flow regime including meaningless directional mixing in the tube 12.

Air discharge from the portion of the tube 24 that is not submerged in the liquid cleans the tube hole that is likely to be clogged with solid matter, mixes the air on the sooty surface, and tends to cause outflow gas such as carbon dioxide gas to overflow. If necessary, by recirculating a portion of the soot material from the fermenter outlet 16 to the inlet 14 by suitable connections and/or by rotating the shaft 18 at high speed, the interior of the fermenter can be maintained while performing wall deposit removal operations. can promote mixed flow conditions.

2 and 3, the same reference numerals are used to indicate the same parts, and the helical ribbon, i.e., auger or screw 100,
is connected to the coiled tube 24 and three-way shaft 18 of FIG.

The rotation of the shaft 18 scrapes the walls of the tubes 12, moving solids and liquids through the tubes 12 in a plug flow manner, providing a fermenter in which solids are removed from the walls. Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the scraping foam generation and heat exchange devices provided in the structure of FIG. 1 are separated. Therefore, this screw scraper 100 is further equipped with a static perforated distribution tube 102 installed in the tube 12 coextensive with and along the bottom and in the external jacket which is provided with a constant temperature liquid for heat exchange. Ru. Sprayer 102 serves to radially distribute air or other suitable gas to the membrane within tube 12 . A soot recirculation stream may be used at intermediate points along the tube 12 as in FIG. Referring to the embodiment of FIGS. 4 and 5, the same reference numerals are used to indicate the same parts, and a series of circles are fixedly spaced along the flexible cable 201. Board 200
A conveying device consisting of a helical ribbon or tube 20 is used in place of the auger or screw 100 of FIG.
Move the substance along 2.

The continuous double block pipe 202 is replaced with the single block pipe 1 in FIG.
Can be used in place of 2. The conveying device 200 is moved along the tube 202 by a gear 203 suitably connected to a power source.
Gas is supplied by a number of orifices 26 along the bottom of tube 202, and an external jacket 104 incorporates heat exchange equipment, both of which are similar to those of FIGS. 2 and 3. Other important applications of the invention include microbial membrane fermentation in which the medium is in a glue-like shape, moved in a plug-like manner along the inner wall of the tube, like a membrane on which the microorganisms grow. There is something about the function of the fermenter as a machine. In this case, air mixing is carried out by blowing air through the central block of tubes, and if necessary, the device does not have to be in a horizontal position. Other important applications of the invention include:
There is a concern with the operation of the fermenter as a rotary fermenter, in which the medium is in the form of solid or semi-solid particles on which the microorganisms grow.

In this case, the air mixture for solid phase fermentation processes is carried out in a continuous manner with the particles containing the substrate such that the particles are raised by a rotating helical scraper to the top of the tube and then allowed to fall by gravity through the air space in the tube to the bottom. This is done by turning, and at the same time the particles are moved along the length of the tube in a plug-like flow to the outlet. If desired, multiple scraper fermenters can be operated in parallel, in series or in parallel-series mixing. Examples of the present invention are shown below.

Example 1 Using the apparatus shown in FIG.
It was formed by yeast culture of J. politeica variety.

Lipase, the extracellular fat-degrading enzyme produced by this culture, is subject to catabolic inhibition. The results of the test conducted using the apparatus shown in Figure 1 show that the enzyme productivity is much higher than that obtained from a conventional Takaazusa tank fermenter of the same capacity, and the results are shown in Table 1. .・Example 2 Using the same culture as in Example 1 in the apparatus shown in Figure 1, an increase in microbial biomass productivity was observed compared to the conventional fly Azusa tank fermenter, and the results are shown in Table 2. show.

Table 2 Example 3 The apparatus shown in Figure 2 allows cellulose to be used for culturing fungi, namely Trichoderma viride, without the operational problems of fermentation growth and substrate deposition that occur in conventional foot frame fermenters. Used to convert into biomass for use.

Table 3 shows typical results for microbial growth, cellulose enzyme synthesis and cellulose matrix degradation at appropriate dilution rates. Table 3 Accordingly, the present invention provides fermentation machine conditions without soot and/or solid wall deposits and/or beneficial slow-loss Azusa fermenter conditions and necessary for fermentation methods using fermenters of this type. A fermenter capable of performing plug flow mode is provided.

Improvements within the scope of the invention are possible.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a front view schematically showing a tube fermenter used in one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a front view schematically showing an improved tube fermenter used in another embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 is line 3 in Figure 2.
4 is a plan view schematically showing another improved tube fermenter used in yet another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a front view of the apparatus shown in FIG. 4. It is. 10... Fermentation machine, 12... Tube, 14.
...Inlet, 16...Outlet, 18...Shaft, 20...Motor, 22...Subasa rod, 24...
・First pipe, 26...hole, 28...tube, 30...
・Second pipe, 32...Liquid supply pipe, 100...
...screw type scraper, 102...spreading pipe,
104... Jacket, 200... Conveying device, 201... Flexible cable, 202...
・Double block pipe. FIG. IFIG. 2 FIG. 3 FIG. 4 FIG. 5

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Fermentation medium containing substrates and microorganisms is conveyed in a plug flow format through a hollow, non-compartmental tube, and a gas flow is applied radially into the tube at appropriate intervals along the length of the tube. Fermentation of the substrate by microorganisms with available growth substrate, characterized in that the substrate is fermented by the microorganisms during radial mixing of the fermentation medium, and during this period the inner wall of the tube is scraped. Method. 2. Process according to claim 1, characterized in that the fermentation medium is conveyed through the tube by means of a scraping device acting on the inner surface of the tube. 3. Claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the scraping is carried out using a helical coil, a helical ribbon, an auger, a screw, or a series of disks mounted almost at right angles to the tube wall. Method described. 4. Process according to claim 1, characterized in that, in addition to radial mixing, oxygen is included in the gas stream to provide aeration of the fermentation medium. 5. Claim 1, characterized in that the fermentation medium is brought into contact with a heat exchange liquid in order to control the temperature of the fermentation medium in the tube.
The method described in any one of Items 3 to 3. 6. Process according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a portion of the fermentation medium is recycled from one block of tubes to a further block. 7. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that air is blown through a tube from the inlet end to the outlet end. 8. Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that they produce the extracellular enzyme lipase and use Candeidaripoliteica yeast variety as the microorganism.
The method described in any one of the paragraphs. 9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the microbiomass cyandeipoliteica is produced. 10. Any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the fermentation medium is in the form of a liquid slurry, the substrate therein is solid granular cellulose, and the microorganism is the fungus Trichodermaviride. The method described in. 11. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the tube is positioned substantially horizontally.