JPS6033028A - Tracing method of bench mark in tensile test or the like - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To take a measurement easily with high precision without moving a test-piece intentionally for its position correction by making apparent corrections of the lateral and longitudinal shifts in chucking position of the test-piece given a bench mark. CONSTITUTION:For example, upper bench marks 2 of the test-piece 1 made of rubber, synthetic resin, etc., given lateral lines are irradiated with light L1 through the condenser lens system in a tracing device 12 and its reflected light L10 is guided to a photodetection block 34 through the condenser lens system 31. The photodetection block 34 includes photoelectric converters A and B consist ing of optical fibers 35 and photodetecting elements 36 in combination laterally and photoelectric converters C and D longitudinally, and they are exposed to lateral and longitudinal reflected light beams from the upper bench marks 2. Then a differential amplifier 37 detects the difference between the output signals of the photoelectric converters A and B, and a servomotor 33 is so operated as to eliminate the difference for lateral apparent corrections; and lateral apparent corrections are made on the basis of the output signals of the photoelectric converters C and D.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention corrects the apparent deviation of the chucking position of the test piece in the horizontal and vertical directions when performing a tensile test on a marked test piece of rubber, synthetic resin, etc. This invention relates to a method for tracking a marked line in tensile tests, etc., which allows the center position of the marked line to be accurately captured at all times after the test and enables highly accurate measurements.

The contents will be explained below based on the illustrated embodiment.

Figure 1 shows an overall schematic diagram of the marking line tracking device.
The upper gauge line 2 and the lower gauge line 3 are placed at appropriate positions with a predetermined distance t between test pieces made of rubber, synthetic resin, etc.

Reference numeral 4 is an upper clamp that clamps the upper side portion 5 of the test piece 1. This upper 2 pump 4 is attached to the load cell 6 a)
, also a fixed side clamp.

7 holds the lower part 8 of the test piece l with the lower clamp)
, this lower clamp 7 is also a movable side clamp that is moved in the direction of the arrow T from the wire rod 9.

Reference numeral 10 denotes a gear head connected to a screw punch 9, which is operated by a motor 11 to move the screw punch 9 in the direction of arrow T to perform a tensile test on the specimen.

Reference numeral 12 denotes an upper marking line tracking device which is attached to a screw punch 13 and is configured to move vertically as the screw rod 13 rotates.

Reference numeral 14 denotes a lower marking line tracking device which is attached to a screw punch 15 and is to be moved in the vertical direction by the rotation of the multi-nucleated rod 15.

Reference numeral 16 denotes a motor for rotating the screw punch 13, and is controlled by a motor controller F to determine the direction and amount of rotation.

Reference numeral 18 is a motor for rotating the screw punch 15, and is controlled by a motor controller 19 to determine the direction and amount of rotation.

20 is an encoder attached to the screw punch 13, and the screw punch 1
3 is detected, and as a result, the movement of the upper marking line 2 of the test piece 1 is detected.

21 is an encoder attached to the screw punch 15, and the screw punch 1
5 is detected, and as a result, the movement of the lower marked line 3 of the test piece 1 is detected.

The upper mark line tracking device 12 and the lower mark line tracking device 14
The irradiation lights Ll and L2 are irradiated in spots toward the upper marked line 2 and the lower marked line 3, respectively, and the reflected light Lso
It is designed to receive XLzo.

The upper marking line tracking device 12 that receives the reflected light LIO is configured to photoelectrically convert the reflected light LIO and input the electrical signal P+ to the differential amplifier 22.

Also, the lower marking line tracking device 14 that received the reflected light L20 is the original!
This is done to convert the electrical signal P2 and input it to the differential amplifier 23.

24a Microcomputer-device encoder (2
0, 21> is received at the cable port 24A, the elongation of the test piece l is calculated, and the elongation is displayed on the display 25 in digital or analog form. 26 and 27 are OR circuits configured to input the initial condition signal and the signals from the differential amplifiers 22 and 23, respectively, through the base port 24A of the microcomputer device 24. The tracking device 14 is configured to track the movement of the upper marked line 2 and the lower marked line 3.

28 is a CPU.

In the marked line tracking device shown in FIG. move in the vertical direction, respectively.

Next, the setting of the position before measuring the gauge line interval of the test piece 1 will be explained.

After the test piece 1 is clamped between the upper clamp 4 and the lower clamp 7, the irradiation light L1 from the upper mark line tracking device 12 is applied to a spot in the vicinity of the upper mark line 2 on the test piece 1. (as shown in the figure).

Further, the irradiation light L2 from the lower marked line tracking device 14 is made into a spot shape and is irradiated to an example of a position near the lower marked line 3 at dQl. The optical systems of the upper marker line tracking device 12 and the lower marker line tracking device 14 are the same.

Then, according to the initial condition command from the CPU 28,
24 A, OR circuit (26, 27), motor controller (17, 19), motor (18, 18), screw punch (1B
, 15) are activated, and the upper mark line tracking device 12 and the lower mark line tracking device 14 are respectively marked! (2, 8) and spots the irradiated light L1 on the point P2, and the irradiated light L2 spots the point Qz
It is a spot on the top.

About correction of the lateral visibility of the test piece. (FIGS. 3 to 11) Reference numeral 29 denotes a condensing lens system provided in the upper marked line tracing device 12, which irradiates the upper marked line 2 with light from the light source 80 in the form of a spot as irradiation light L1.

(An annular portion indicated by R in the upper part of FIG. 2) The third element is a lens system that condenses the reflected light Lso and is disposed in front of the reflecting mirror 82. The light receiving block 34 has an upper marking line 2.
The image is now visible.

This reflecting mirror 32 is configured to be rotated by a servo motor 33 as appropriate.

Reference numeral 34 denotes a light receiving block appropriately arranged to receive the light reflected by the reflecting mirror 32, and photoelectric converters A and B, which are a combination of an optical fiber 35 as a light receiving part and a light receiving element 36, are arranged laterally within a metal frame. It is set up. (See FIG. 6) Also, other light receivers may be employed as the light receiver.

Thus, it is possible to capture the reflected light in the lateral direction of the upper gauge line 2.

Photoelectric converters C and D, which are similar to photoelectric converters A and B, are arranged in the vertical direction and capture the reflected light of the upper gauge line 2 in the vertical direction.

A differential amplifier 37 detects the difference between the output signals of the photoelectric converters A and B, and operates the servo motor 33 to rotate the reflecting mirror 32 by an angle of deviation so that the difference becomes zero.

Note that the lower marked line tracking device 14 has the same configuration as the upper marked line tracking device 12 and operates in the same manner, so a description thereof will be omitted.

Next, the operation mode of the horizontal direction correction of the upper gauge line 2 will be explained.

Photoelectric converter A via servo motor 33 and mirror 32
Each device operates and stops so that the amount of light equal to and B is incident. (See Figure 9) Then, test piece 1 is at arrow F.
Even if the test specimen 1 deviates in the direction b, it appears that the test piece 1 is correctly chucked in the center, and the apparent correction in the lateral direction is performed.

Note that the apparent correction of the lower mark a3 is the same as the apparent correction of the upper mark M2, so a description thereof will be omitted.

◎About the vertical appearance correction of the test piece. (FIGS. 12 to 17) The M stacking device is in the direction. (See FIG. 7) These photoelectric converters C and photoelectric converters are also provided in the upper marker line tracking device 12 and the lower marker line tracking device 14, respectively, and have the same configuration. Let me explain using an example.

Therefore, this photoelectric converter C and the photoelectric converter 2 are
It is possible to capture the reflected light in the vertical direction.

The operating mode of the vertical direction appearance correction of the upper gauge line 2 is as follows.

Now, assume that the test piece 1 is shifted in the direction of arrow G (see FIG. 13) and is held between the upper clamp 5 and the lower clamp 7.

At that time, the reflected light LtO from the upper marker line 2 is reflected by the reflecting mirror 32 and is made to enter the photoelectric converter C of the light receiving block 34. (See FIGS. 7, 12, 16, and 17) Therefore, an imbalance of output signals occurs between the photoelectric converter C and the photoelectric converter C. The generated signals from the photoelectric converters C and D are inputted to an OR circuit 27 (OR circuit) via a differential amplifier 22, and are inputted via a motor controller 17, a motor 16, and a screwdriver 13 in order to make the difference zero. The upper marker tracking device 12 is moved so that the same amount of light is incident on the photoelectric converters C and 2, and then stopped. (See FIGS. 14 and 15) Therefore, it appears that the test piece 1 is correctly chucked in the middle, and the vertical direction of the top gauge line 2 is corrected.

Furthermore, when the sample piece 1 is chucked with a shift in the arrow f1 direction (see figure g13), the reflected light LIO from the lower marking line 2 is transmitted to the photoelectric converter DIliI in the light receiving block 34 via the reflecting mirror 32. Let it enter into the sky. (Figure 7, Figure 16,
(See FIG. 17) Therefore, in this case as well, it operates in the same manner as described above, moves the upper wire drawing tracking device 12, and connects the photoelectric converter C and the light t.
The K exchanger stops after a photoelectric current equal to that of the K converter is incident. (See Figures 14 and 1b) In this state,
This means that the apparent correction of the weaving direction of the upper image line 2 has been made.

Incidentally, in order to correct the lower marker line 3 in the gentle direction, the lower marker bracken tracking device N14 operates in the same way as the upper marker g and the line tracking device 12, so a description thereof will be omitted.

Next, we will explain the overall action of the unexploded force consisting of the above structure.

A test piece 1 having an upper marked line 2 and a lower marked line 3 as shown in FIG. 18 is held between an upper clamp 4 and a lower clamp 7.

At that time, the upper gauge line tracking device 12 performs apparent correction in the horizontal and vertical directions of the upper gauge line 2 with full photoelectric converters (A, B).
(C, D), while the lower marking line tracking devices 1 and 4 also perform horizontal and vertical apparent correction of the lower marking line 3 using photoelectric transducers (A, B) (C, D). .

Thus, the upper marked line 2 and the lower marked line 3 are each subjected to apparent correction. Such apparent correction is always performed even during the tensile test, and the mark image (upper marked line 2, lower marked line 3) is always focused on the center of the optical fiber 35.

After completing the apparent correction of the horizontal and vertical positions of the test piece 1, the motor 11, gear head 10,
When the test piece 1 is pulled in the direction of the arrow T through the wire rod 9, the lower crane, etc., the test piece 1 is elongated and deformed as shown in FIG. 19, and the distance between the upper marked line 2 and the lower marked line 3 becomes t+Δ1.
= 11, and at the same time, the shapes of the upper marked line 2 and the lower marked line 8 are also deformed. (See Figure 21) The extension distance 11 between the upper gauge line 2 and the lower gauge line 8 is the upper gauge line tracking device 1.
2 and the lower marking line tracking device 14 and the indicator 26
will be displayed.

The deformation of the upper marked line 2 and the lower marked line 3 is always automatically corrected as shown in FIG. 21, and the mark image is accurately connected to the center position of the optical fiber 35 as it is pulled.

Therefore, since the center position M (1/position) in the tensile direction (vertical direction component) is always captured regardless of the deformed shape of the mark image, it is possible to measure the correct distance between the gauge lines.

Therefore, the present invention has the above-mentioned configuration and operation, and in particular, since the apparent deviation of the marking line on the test piece in the horizontal and vertical directions is corrected, it is necessary to move the test piece to correct its position. It is possible to easily perform highly accurate measurements without the need for

Furthermore, since light receiving sections such as optical fibers are arranged in a cross shape within the light receiving block, displacement components in the horizontal and vertical directions can be detected with high precision.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an overall schematic explanatory diagram of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view of the main parts of the test piece, and FIG. 3 is a plan view showing the relationship between the upper gauge line tracking device and the upper gauge line of the test piece. The figure shows the case where the axis shifts in the lateral direction. Fig. 4 is a diagram for explaining the displacement movement of the test piece in the lateral direction, Fig. 5 is a front view of the light receiving block, Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional plan view of the light receiving block, and Fig. 7 is a vertical cross-sectional side view of the light receiving block. Figure 8 shows the reflector and photoelectric converter (
A, B) are explanatory diagrams showing the relationship between the two, Figures 9 to 11 are front views showing the photoelectric converters (A, B) in the light receiving block and the joining state, and Figure 12 is the upper marking line tracking device. This is a plan view showing the relationship between the test piece and the upper gauge line, and shows the case where the test piece shifts in the vertical direction. FIG. 18 is a diagram for explaining the vertical displacement movement of the test piece, FIG. 14 is an enlarged front view of FIG. 15, and FIGS. 15 and 16 show the photoelectric converter (C, D) is a front view showing the joining state, FIG. 17 is a perspective view showing the relationship between a reflecting mirror that reflects a mark image in the vertical direction and a light receiving block having photoelectric converters (C, D), and FIG. 18 is a front view showing the joining state. FIG. 19 is a front view of the test piece before the test, and FIG. 19 is a front view of the test piece after the tensile strength test. Figure 20 shows that the light reflected by the upper gauge line before the tensile test is reflected from the photoelectric converters (A, B) (
Front view showing the state where light is equally incident on C and D), 2nd
FIG. 1 is a front view showing a state in which the reflected light from the upper marking line during a tensile test is equally incident on the photoelectric converters (A, B) (C, D). 1-・Test piece 2... Dobe mark line 12... Dobe mark line tracking device 14... Lower mark line tracking device 34... Light receiving blocks A, B, C, D... Photoelectric conversion vessel

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] (1) A step of apparently correcting the chucking deviation in the horizontal direction of the specimen with marked lines; a step of apparently correcting the chucking deviation in the vertical direction of the specimen; A method for tracking marked lines in tensile tests, etc., consisting of a step of performing a tensile test while performing apparent correction C) A step of apparently correcting the chucking deviation in the lateral direction of a specimen with marked lines attached, and the test. A step of apparently correcting the longitudinal chucking deviation of the piece using a light receiving section arranged in a cross shape within the light receiving block, and a step of performing a tension test while performing both of the above apparent corrections. Mark tracing method in tensile tests, etc. (3) In the statement of claim 1, the apparent correction in the horizontal and vertical directions is performed independently for the upper marked line and the lower marked line. Method for tracking marked lines in tensile tests, etc.