JPS6040723B2 - antenna device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an antenna device used for a frequency scanning array antenna or a phased array antenna with a delay line.

A conventional antenna device of this type is shown in FIG.

In the figure, la to ld are radiators, 2a to 2d are couplers,
3a to 3d are curved waveguides, 4 is a feeding waveguide, and a delay line is constituted by couplers 2a to 2d and curved waveguides 3a to 3d. Next, the operation will be explained.

The electromagnetic waves fed from the closure 1 of the feeding waveguide 4 are fed to the radiator la in the coupler 2a at a power ratio according to the coupling degree of the coupler 2a, and the remaining power is transmitted to the curved waveguide 3.
a and reaches the coupler 2b.

Here, the power ratio of the radiator lb according to the coupling degree of the coupler 2b is
The remaining power passes through the curved waveguide 3b and reaches the coupler 2c. Power is subsequently supplied to the radiators lc and ld in the same manner. A non-reflection terminator is connected to the closed end 0' of the curved waveguide 3d. As described above, in the conventional antenna device, since the direction of the electromagnetic waves passing through the couplers 2b and 2d is opposite to that of the radiators lb and ld, the electromagnetic waves branched by the couplers 2b and 2d are reflected by the shorting plate. , turn, radiator lb;
It was emitted from the LD. Therefore, the radiators lb, ld
The electromagnetic waves heading towards are combined again in the couplers 2a and 2d,
In addition to the drawback that the electromagnetic waves radiated are reduced accordingly, the electrical length from the couplers 2a and 2c to the radiators la and lc and the electrical length from the couplers 2b and 2d that are once reflected by the shorting plate are The disadvantage is that the electrical lengths from the radiators to the radiators lb and ld are different, and this must be corrected. This invention was made in order to eliminate the drawbacks of the conventional ones as described above, and the curved waveguide 3a is connected to the coupler 2.
a, pass through the back surfaces of couplers 2a and 2b, and reach coupler 2b via curved waveguide 3b, so that the electromagnetic waves passing through coupler 2a and the electromagnetic waves passing through coupler 2b have the same direction. It is an object of the present invention to provide an antenna device that can be oriented in any direction.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG.

In the figure, 11a to 11d are radiators, 12a to 12d are couplers, 13a to 13d are curved waveguides, 14 is a feeding waveguide, 15a to 15c are curved waveguides, and 13a to 13d are connection guides to be connected. It is a wave tube.

The electromagnetic waves fed from the closure 1 of the power feeding waveguide 14 are fed to the radiator 11a in the coupler 12a at a power ratio according to the coupling degree of the coupler 12a, and the remaining power is transmitted to the curved waveguide 13a. , the connecting waveguide 15a, and the curved waveguide 13b to reach the coupler 12b.

Here, the power ratio of the radiator 1 according to the degree of coupling of the coupler 12b is
1b, and the remaining power passes through the curved waveguide 13b, the connecting waveguide 15b, and the curved waveguide Z13c to the coupler 12c.
reach. Power is subsequently supplied to the radiators 11c and 11d in the same manner. A non-reflection terminator is connected to opening 0 of the coupler 12d. Note that the arrows in FIG. 2 indicate the multiple couplers 12a and 12b.
, 12c, and 12d. In the above embodiment, the radiators 11a to 11d and the couplers 12a to 12d are arranged parallel to the wide surface (solar surface) of the waveguide, but they can also be arranged parallel to the narrow surface (E surface). It has the same effect as.

Further, in the above embodiment, the case where there are four radiators 11a to 11d and four couplers 12a to 12d has been described, but these may be in any number, and curved waveguides 13a to 1
The shape of 3d may be a polygon instead of a semicircle, and the connecting waveguides 15a to 15c may have a rough wave shape instead of a broken line shape. Furthermore, the non-reflection terminator and coupler 12d may be removed and connected directly to the radiator 11d.

Also, the couplers 12a to 12d and the radiators 11a to 11d are not connected, and the couplers 12a to 12d and the radiators 11a to 11d are connected.
A transporter may be inserted between them.

Moreover, the delay line passing through the back surface may be made to rotate around the couplers 12a to 12d rather than in close contact with them. Further, in the above example, the couplers 12a to 12d are directional couplers of a one-way coupling type.
Replace all of these with reverse coupling type directional couplers,
The radiators 11a to 11d may be placed on the same side as the power feeding waveguide 14.

Note that this reverse coupling type directional coupler includes a directional coupler having a structure in which the wide side of the waveguide and the narrow side of the waveguide are made common and tied together. As described above, according to the present invention, since the delay line is configured to pass through the back side of the coupler, all electromagnetic waves incident on the coupler are directed toward the radiator, and all couplers are arranged in the same order. Directional coupling type directional couplers can be used, and the electromagnetic waves coupled from the closure 1 can be radiated from the radiators 11a to 11d without waste, and the couplers 12a to 12a can be used.
Since the electrical lengths from 12d to the radiators 11a to 11d can all be made equal, there is an advantage that correction is not necessary.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a subordinate antenna device, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an antenna device according to an embodiment of the present invention. 11a to 11d are radiators, 12a to 12d are couplers, 1
3a to 13d are curved waveguides, 14 is a power feeding waveguide, 15
a to 15c are connection waveguides. Figure 1 Figure 2

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Arranging a plurality of couplers in which first waveguides of a predetermined length are arranged adjacently in the same direction and an electromagnetic coupling hole is provided between the first and second waveguides in the same direction. At the same time, a radiator for radiating electromagnetic waves is provided at the opening of the first waveguide of these multi-coupler, and each second waveguide is cascaded in the same direction between the second waveguides. An antenna device characterized in that a curved waveguide having the same shape and a connecting waveguide are provided for connection.