JPS6044778A - Absorption type cold and hot medium obtaining device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (a) Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to an absorption cold/hot medium acquisition device such as an absorption refrigerator or an absorption heat pump.

(B) Prior Art Conventionally, an absorption type refrigerant/hot medium acquisition device (hereinafter referred to as this type of device) consists of a single evaporative absorption stage consisting of an evaporator and an absorber, a generator, a condenser, and a solution heat exchanger. are connected to form a circulation cycle of refrigerant and absorption liquid, and the heating medium (heated medium) is obtained from the heat radiation side of this cycle, and the cold medium (cooled medium) is obtained from the heat absorption side of this cycle.

In this type of apparatus, for example, when acquiring a cooling medium, the acquisition temperature depends on the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant in the evaporator, or in other words, the pressure inside the evaporator. The pressure in the evaporator is then influenced by the pressure in the absorber, which in turn depends on the temperature and concentration of the absorption liquid in the absorber.

In addition, the concentration of the absorption liquid in the absorber in this type of equipment depends on the temperature inside the generator, the pressure inside the equipment, the specifications of this type of equipment, the crystallization rate of the absorption liquid, and other factors. is set within a predetermined range. In other words, since there is a limit to the degree of freedom in selecting the concentration, the pressure within the absorber is substantially influenced by the turbidity of the absorption liquid.

Therefore, the obtained temperature of the cooling medium (cooled medium) in a conventional device of this type depends on the temperature of the absorption liquid in the absorber, that is, the temperature of the heated medium that cools the absorption liquid.

For example, as shown in Figure 1, in order to obtain chilled water at a temperature of approximately 8°C, the temperature of the cooling water supplied to the absorber must be lower than b°C. In other words, the temperature of the cooling water supplied to the absorber must be lower than b°C.
For example, there is a drawback that low-temperature cold water (for example, cold water of about 7° C.) cannot be obtained unless cooling water of about 32° C. is supplied. Figure 1 is a Dohring diagram when a conventional device of this kind is used as an absorption refrigerator and operated using water as the refrigerant and lithium bromide aqueous solution as the absorption liquid.The vertical axis shows the pressure. (ttrm'Hg), and the horizontal axis represents temperature (°C).

Next, a conventional device of this type (hereinafter referred to as a conventional device)
When using I7 with an absorption heat pump, for example, supplying hot water (heated medium) of about 60°C to the absorber 1. , to obtain this by raising the temperature, the heat source water in the evaporator (
The limit is to lower the outlet temperature of the medium to be cooled to about 30°C. In other words, there is a drawback that the heat of the heat source water below 30° C. cannot be recovered.

(C) Purpose of the Invention The present invention provides that when this type of device is used as an absorption refrigerator, it is possible to use higher temperature cooling water (heated medium) than in conventional devices, and when the device is used as an absorption heat pump, The purpose of this invention is to provide an absorption type cold/hot medium acquisition device that can utilize heat source water (cooled medium) supplied to an evaporator to a lower temperature level than conventional devices.

(B) Structure of the Invention The present invention provides an apparatus of this type, in which a plurality of evaporation and absorption stages are provided, and the absorber in each stage is provided with a flow path through which a medium to be heated (thermal medium such as cooling water or hot water) flows. At the same time, the high-temperature medium to be cooled (cooling medium such as cold water or low-temperature heat source water) flows into the evaporator at the stage where the absorbent liquid with a low absorbent concentration (hereinafter referred to as "concentration") is introduced, and the absorbent liquid with a high concentration flows. The evaporator of the guided stage is configured to have a flow path through which a low temperature medium to be cooled flows.

According to the present invention, an absorber to which an absorbing liquid with a low concentration is introduced, that is, an absorber with a weak absorption power, and an evaporator with a strong power to evaporate a refrigerant, that is, an evaporator through which a medium to be cooled with a high temperature flows, are made to correspond to each other. Since the absorber through which the absorbing liquid with a high temperature is introduced, that is, the absorber with a strong absorption power, and the evaporator with a weak power to evaporate the refrigerant, that is, the evaporator through which a low-temperature medium to be cooled flows, are matched, the evaporative absorption at each stage is The action is carried out smoothly and the temperature of the cooled medium is lowered, and since the amount of refrigerant that was absorbed by a single absorber is now absorbed by multiple absorbers, the amount of heat radiated by each absorber is small. Therefore, it is not necessary to lower the temperature of the heated medium (thermal medium such as cooling water or hot water) as much as in the conventional apparatus (see FIGS. 3 and 4 below).

In other words, when the device of the present invention is used as an absorption chiller, it is possible to utilize cooling water at a higher temperature than the conventional device when obtaining chilled water at a temperature similar to that of the conventional device, and the device can be used as an absorption heat pump. In this case, there is an advantage that the heat source water can be used at a lower temperature than the conventional device (the amount of heat recovered from the heat source water can be increased) when obtaining hot water of the same temperature as the conventional device.

(E) Embodiment FIG. 2 is a schematic structural explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention, (1), (2), (3), (4), and (5) are containers (6). There are many spraying devices (7), (7)...
Partition walls (8), (9), (1 (1, (o) te partition h?, [1, second, third, fourth, fifth evaporation and absorption stages,
a, (1 飄Q4), 09 are the weirs provided in each of these evaporation and absorption stages, (El), (F, ri, (E3), (E
4), (E,) are the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth evaporators, (AI), (A, ), (A3), (A4), (A,)
are the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth absorbers, (II is the generation and condensation stage consisting of the generator (0) and the condenser (0), A refrigerant liquid reflux path O1 with a refrigerant pump (1), an absorption liquid path with an absorbing liquid flow path (21) and a solution pump (21) connected at two sides to connect the refrigerant and absorbent. It constitutes a liquid circulation path. Note that (c) is a refrigerant liquid reservoir, c!
4 is a refrigerant vapor passage.

(C) is the fourth, third, and second absorber from the fifth absorber (All).
, first absorber (N,), (A,), (A,), (A,)
The heated medium flow path, α:), is arranged in series with the konemo absorber so that the heated medium (thermal medium such as cooling water or hot water) flows through the heated medium (cold water or low-temperature heat source). cooling medium such as water) from the fifth evaporator (E) to the fourth, third,
Second and first evaporators (E4), (E3), (E2), (E
(5) is a flow path for the cooled medium arranged in series with these evaporators so as to flow to the generator (G), (08) is a flow path for the driving heat source fluid arranged in G, and (08) is a condenser. (This is a cooling fluid flow path arranged at 0.

Next, an example of the operation of the absorption type refrigerant/hot medium acquisition device configured as described above will be explained. In addition, to simplify the explanation,
Regarding an example in which the device is used as an absorption refrigerator (1), and cold water is used as the medium to be cooled (cold medium), cooling water is used as the medium to be heated (thermal medium), water is used as the refrigerant, and lithium bromide aqueous solution is used as the absorption liquid. explain.

The refrigerant is separated at the generation condensation stage C・υ generator (0), and the absorbed liquid, which has become concentrated, is transferred to the first absorber (Aυ) of the first evaporative absorption stage (1) via the solution heat exchanger (11). It is guided at ℃,
In this absorber, the absorption liquid absorbs refrigerant vapor from the first evaporator (El) and is diluted to generate heat. This heat is released from the second absorber (At) to the cooling water supplied to the first absorber (A) at a temperature slightly lower than 7° C., and the absorption liquid itself is cooled. The absorbent whose concentration has become low in the first absorber (AI) is led to the second absorber (A2) of the second evaporative absorption stage (2) at 3°C, and in this absorber, the absorbent is transferred to the second absorber (A2). It absorbs refrigerant vapor from the evaporator (E,) and generates heat while being further diluted. This heat is transferred to the third absorber (
A,) is discharged into the cooling water supplied to the second absorber (A,) at a temperature lower than b2°C, and the absorption liquid itself is cooled to b2°C.

In this way, the absorption liquid is transferred to each stage of the absorber (AI), (A2
), pa, ] at once, and the temperature of the absorption liquid is also bl, b
l, I) 3, b4. The temperature gradually decreases to 56°C. As a result, the absorbers (A, ), (A2), (AS), (A,
), (A,) are R, Pt, Ps, respectively.
P4 and P5 IIWHg. Then, each stage of evaporator (Eυ, (E, ), (E3), (E4), (E,
) The evaporation temperature of the refrigerant liquid is a6, a corresponding to these pressures.
8, a3, a4, all. The concentration and temperature of the absorption liquid, the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant, and each evaporation and absorption stage (
The relationship between the pressures in 1), (2), (3), (4), and (5) can be expressed as a Düring diagram as shown in FIG. 3. In addition, the 3rd v! In J, the portion indicated by the dashed line represents the cycle of the absorbent in the conventional device, and the portion shown by the solid line represents the cycle of the absorbent in the device of the present invention.

Then, the cold water supplied to the fifth evaporator (E,) at, for example, a degree Celsius is cooled down to a temperature close to aB degree Celsius in this evaporator, and the temperature is lowered to the fourth, third, second evaporator (E,), (E3), (E,) al,
The temperature is gradually lowered to near a8, a, °C, and the first evaporator (E,
), cold water whose temperature has dropped to nearly 31°C is obtained. In addition, the cooling water supplied to the fifth absorber (A,) at a temperature slightly lower than 1), 'C is supplied to the absorbers (A, ), (A4), (A
3), (A,), (A,) as it flows through 2,
b8, bt, b,, The temperature is raised to nearly bo°C. Although not shown, the flow path (C) may be arranged in parallel to each evaporator so that cold water can be obtained for each evaporator at each stage.

As is clear from this operation example, that is, FIG.
When obtaining cold water at a temperature close to 100°C, the temperature of the absorbing liquid in the fifth absorber (A,) should be 6°C higher than the temperature of the absorbing liquid in the absorber in the conventional device b°C. I understand that.

That is, in the apparatus of the present invention, it is possible to utilize cooling water at a higher temperature level than in conventional apparatuses.

In other words, in the device of the present invention, when using cooling water with a temperature similar to that of the conventional device (temperature close to b°C), it is possible to obtain cold water at a lower temperature than in the conventional device. It won't happen. Therefore, when the device of the present invention is used as an absorption heat pump, the heat source water supplied to the evaporator can be utilized down to a low temperature level, and the amount of heat recovered from the heat source water can be increased.

In addition, in FIG. 2, cooling water is transferred from the first absorber (AI) to the second, third, fourth, fifth absorbers (A, ), (A3),
It is also possible to flow from 1 to (A,) and (A,) sequentially.

In this case, there will be a cycle as shown in the Dueling diagram of FIG. As is clear from Fig. 4, the temperature of the cooling water supplied to the first absorber (A,) (b, 'c is lower than N
It can be seen that the temperature (low temperature) can be higher than the temperature of the cooling water supplied to the absorber of the conventional device (temperature lower than a'C or N low temperature).

Although not shown, the evaporator and absorber may be formed in separate containers, and these containers may be connected by a refrigerant vapor passage to form a plurality of evaporation and absorption stages. Furthermore, the device of the present invention may be used in a multi-effect absorption cold/hot medium acquisition device ff.

(f) Effects of the Invention As described above, the present invention provides an apparatus of this type, which includes a plurality of evaporation and absorption stages, and sequentially circulates the medium to be heated through the absorbers of each stage, so that the upstream stage of the absorption liquid The internal pressure of the absorber is increased successively from stage to downstream stage, and the absorber in the stage with high pressure, i.e., the absorber with a weak ability to absorb refrigerant, and the evaporator with a strong ability to evaporate the refrigerant, i.e., with a high temperature. The evaporator through which the medium to be cooled flows is made to correspond to the absorber at the lower pressure stage, that is, the absorber with a strong ability to absorb the refrigerant, and the evaporator with a weak ability to evaporate the refrigerant, i.e., the evaporator through which the medium to be cooled with a low temperature flows. In other words, by matching the absorber and the evaporator so that they complement each other's evaporation and absorption effects, the evaporation and absorption of the refrigerant at each stage can be carried out smoothly. This heat is removed by lowering the temperature of the medium to be cooled and by having multiple absorbers absorb the amount of refrigerant that was previously absorbed by a single absorber, reducing the amount of heat generated in each absorber. Since the temperature level of the medium to be heated does not have to be lowered as in the conventional apparatus, when the apparatus of the present invention is used as an absorption refrigerator, it can be exposed to higher temperatures than the conventional apparatus. Heating medium (cooling water, cooling air, etc.)
When the device of the present invention is used as an absorption heat pump, it is possible to obtain a medium to be cooled (chilling medium such as cold water or cold air) that is the same temperature as the conventional device. By utilizing a medium (low-temperature heat source water or low-temperature air for heat source), it is possible to obtain a heated medium (thermal medium such as flooded water or hot air) that has the same temperature as conventional devices.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a Duering diagram showing an example of the operation of a conventional device, FIG. 2 is a schematic structural explanatory diagram of the device of the present invention, and FIGS. 3 and 4 are Dueling diagrams showing an example of the operation of the device of the present invention. It is. (1), (2), (3), (4), (5)...Evaporation absorption stage, (16)...Generation condensation stage, (C), (B)
...Flow path, (A,), (A2), (A,), (A4)
, (A,)...Absorber, (0...Condenser, (El
), (E2), (EA), (E4), (E,)...evaporator, (0...generator, σto...solution heat exchanger. 1st day 30th 41st day)

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A plurality of evaporation and absorption stages each consisting of an evaporator and an absorber are provided, and these evaporation and absorption stages, a generator, a condenser, and a solution heat exchanger are connected to form a refrigerant and absorption liquid circulation path, and each stage is The absorber is arranged in series with a flow path through which a medium to be heated that takes heat away from the absorption liquid flows, and the evaporator at each stage is arranged in parallel or series with a flow path through which a medium to be cooled whose heat is taken away by the refrigerant flows. The evaporator on the side of the evaporation/absorption stage to which the absorbent liquid with a low absorbent concentration is led is exposed to a higher temperature than the evaporator on the side of the evaporation/absorption stage to which the absorbent liquid with a high absorbent concentration is led. An absorption type cold/hot medium acquisition device characterized by being configured to flow a cooling medium.