JPS6045610A - Composite fiber - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a composite fiber having excellent handleability and slippery and giving a high-quality velour fabric, by arranging plural thermoplastic components having different dissolution or decomposition rates to a specific state, and bonding the components with each other. CONSTITUTION:The thermosplastic component 1, 3 having low rate of dissolution or decomposition has hollow part at the side surface and a flat cross section having a flatness of 1.2-5.0 (defined by the ratio A/B wherein A is the maximum diameter of the component 1, 3 and B is the maximum length of the short diameter perpendicular to the diameter A). The components 1 and 3 are bonded together by the thermoplastic component 2 having high rate of dissolution or decomposition. The hollow part of the component 1, 3 prevents the adhesion and entanglement of the filaments of the velour fabric, and affords excellent handleability and slippery of the fiber.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to composite fibers. In particular, the present invention relates to a novel composite fiber that can be used to produce fur-like knitted fabrics and raised products that are bulky and have excellent stiffness, handling properties, and movement properties.

Natural, high-quality fur is made up of two layers: thin, short "fluff" and thick, long "stings."

In addition, both "fluff" and "sting hair" often have a rough shape with uneven cross sections, and have good insulation, bulk,
Elasticity, appearance and shedding, hair.

It has various properties such as smooth movement and a soft texture.

Recently, the development of artificial fur-like products is progressing,
It is far from the performance of natural fur, and is still in the realm of low-grade imitation.

The inventors of the present invention have conducted extensive research in particular on hair handling properties, hair movement properties, and bulkiness, and as a result, they have found a fiber form that has these characteristics and have completed the present invention.

An object of the present invention is to provide a composite fiber suitable for obtaining a high-grade napped product that is excellent in terms of heat insulation, bulk, elasticity, appearance, feel, handling, and hair movement.

The composite fiber of the present invention is (a) composed of a plurality of thermoplastic components having different dissolution or decomposition rates, and (b) thermoplastic components having a low dissolution or decomposition rate (hereinafter referred to as poorly soluble components) on each side thereof. Has at least one recess and has an aspect ratio of 1.2
A plurality of segments having a flat cross section of ~5o are formed, and (c) the poorly soluble component segments are arranged in parallel or radially by a thermoplastic component having a high dissolution or decomposition rate (hereinafter referred to as easily soluble component). It is characterized by its arrangement and joined pieces.

Figures 1 to 9 are examples of cross sections of the synthetic fibers of the present invention.

In the figure, (1) and (5) indicate the dissolvable component segment, and (2) indicates the easily soluble component segment. 1 to 5 are examples of a sandwich type composite structure in which segment (1) is parallel to segment (2) and segment (2) is sandwiched between segment (1) from both sides. , Figures 1 and 2 show an example of the slightly soluble component segment (1) having one recess on one side and a flat one as previously described, and Figure 5 shows an example of the same shape but with two recesses. It is.

FIG. 4 shows an example of a symmetrical eyebrow-shaped segment (1) having one concave portion on the left and right sides. Figure 5 shows an asymmetrical recess with 2 and 6 holes on the left and right.
This is an example. Figure 6 shows three layers of poorly soluble component segment (1).
This is an example of a multilayer composite in which two easily soluble component segments (2) are alternately arranged in parallel. Figure 7 shows a composite example in which poorly soluble component segments (1) are cocoon-shaped and flat and arranged radially in four directions. This is an example of a core-sheath type composite in which six cocoon-shaped flat poorly soluble component segments (1) are arranged in parallel as a core. FIG. 9 shows a cocoon-shaped core-sheath type composite core similar to FIG. This is an example of a composite consisting of five components. Figure 10 shows the eluate component segment (1
) is a sandwich-type composite in which the easily soluble component segments (2) are sandwiched from both sides and arranged in parallel, but this is an example of a composite other than the present invention in which the segment (1) is flat and does not have a recess.

In Figures 1 and 4, one poorly soluble component segment (
The maximum diameter (long axis) of segment (1) is called A, the thickness of segment (1) in the direction perpendicular to A is called short axis, and the maximum diameter is called B. In the present invention, the aspect ratio is the ratio of the major axis A to the maximum minor axis B,
That is, it is expressed as A/B.

Further, the maximum depth in the direction perpendicular to the tangent of the two convex portions on both sides of the concave portion is defined as C.

In the present invention, the indentation ratio refers to the maximum depth for (c + B,) when the thickness of the poorly soluble component segment (1) on the extension line of the straight line that is perpendicular to the tangent and determines the maximum depth C is (B1). It is expressed as the ratio of C, that is, (c+□,)×100(a). In the case shown in Fig. 4, there are two concave portions, and the concavity ratio on the left side is ('')xloo(%), c1+s1°, and the concavity rate on the right side is (-knee) 1 Although Fig. 5 shows asymmetrical recesses at five locations, the recess ratio for each can be calculated in the same way.

The larger the flatness, the better the insulation, bulkiness, flexibility, elasticity, hair handling, and hair movement. However, if the flatness exceeds 5, the hair will become too soft, and the elasticity will decrease, and the hair handling will deteriorate. The bristles have poor movability and are easily broken, cut, or fibrillated, which is undesirable. Also, the aspect ratio is 1.
If it is less than 2, it is undesirable because it resembles a normal round cross-section yarn and has poor properties such as heat insulation, bulk, flexibility, elasticity, hair handling, and hair movement. A suitable range of aspect ratio for effectively exhibiting various properties is 1.2 to 5.0, preferably 1.5 to 4.5, and more preferably 168 to 4.0.

When the composite fiber of the present invention is made into a napped product, the concave portions prevent the napped hair from adhering to each other and entanglement, and have the effect of improving bulkiness, heat insulation, elasticity, hair handling, and hair movement. If it exceeds 78%, it is undesirable because it easily breaks during harsh processing steps (fibrillation occurs) and the properties of the fibers are significantly deteriorated.

In addition, if the thickness ratio is less than 5 inches, the effects of cable properties, especially bulkiness, heat insulation, elasticity, and hair handling properties are not exhibited, which is undesirable. The suitable range of the depression ratio is 5 to 7%, preferably 8 to 6%, and more preferably 10 to 50%.

Regarding the composite ratio of the poorly soluble component (1) and the easily soluble component of the composite fiber of the present invention, it is preferable to make the composite ratio of the easily soluble component as small as possible. However, if it is extremely small, the desired composite form cannot be obtained, thermal deterioration occurs during melt spinning, and spinning operability deteriorates in many cases.

Therefore, although it differs depending on the composite form, the preferred composite ratio of the poorly soluble component (1) and the easily soluble component (2) is within the range of 1 to 5071f), and it is possible to select the lowest stopper suitable for the purpose and application. desirable.

FIG. 9 is an example of a cross section of a composite fiber of the present invention consisting of six components; in this case, (5) indicates a poorly soluble component different from (1). Also, although Figures 1 to 8 show two components,
Similarly, a composite fiber having three or more components can also be used. In other words, it is possible to replace multiple poorly soluble components (1) with another poorly soluble component (6), or a combination of (1) and 7 (3) as shown in Figure 9. good.

The fineness of the conjugate fiber of the present invention or the segments constituting it can be arbitrarily selected depending on the purpose and use, but normally the single fiber fineness of the conjugate fiber is preferably α5 to 100d.

When the length exceeds 100 d, spinning and drawing are difficult, and the composite shape is deformed, making it difficult to obtain a desired shape. Furthermore, when the yarn was made thinner than 0.5 d, the spinning operability was significantly lowered), and problems occurred in the production of spindles, etc., making it unsuitable for industrial production. In particular, when used as a bristly yarn for pricking of pile knitted fabrics such as artificial fur, the composite fiber has a density of 10 to 100 d, preferably 15 to 80 d.
d is preferred. The fineness of the segment (1) for stinging hair is 5
-50d1, particularly preferably 10-30d. Similarly, the fluff composite fiber is 0.5 to 20 d, preferably 1.0 to 20 d.
IQd is preferred. The fineness of the fluff segment (1) is 0.1 to 5. Od, especially 0.5-mu Od is preferred.

The composite fiber of the present invention can have a desired oblateness, unevenness, and fineness. For example, with normal single-component spinning, even if you try to obtain a fiber with a single filament fineness of 10 d or more and a highly flattened fiber, you will not be able to obtain a stable uneven structure, and the twisting of the yarn due to the flattening will accumulate during stretching, making stretching difficult. Or it's impossible.

However, with the composite fiber of the present invention, even if the oblateness of the refractory component segment is small, the oblateness is small for a composite fiber, and troubles due to twisting during stretching will not occur, and the desired composite form can be stably and can be obtained easily. In addition, in normal single-component spinning, even if you try to obtain a flat fiber with a single filament fineness of 1.5d or less, especially 1.0d or less, the spinning draft is high, and yarn breakage and single filament breakage during drawing occur frequently, making operation difficult. sex is significantly reduced. Furthermore, troubles are likely to occur during the weaving and processing steps of knitted fabrics in the pile area. However, since the coated fiber of the present invention undergoes each processing step to remove easily soluble components and is divided into several fibers, the desired fineness cannot be achieved. It is possible to perform subsequent processing after spinning and drawing with a fineness that is 1" or more (the number of segments of the dissolving component). Therefore, the operability of spinning and drawing is good, and there are no problems in pile papermaking or subsequent processing due to fuzz, etc. Thus, the composite fiber of the present invention can be used for thick denier yarn and fine denier yarn, but it is particularly suitable for ultra-fine denier yarn (for fluff), and is bulky. elasticity, elasticity,
It is preferable because various properties such as heat retention and hair handling properties are effectively exhibited.

The conjugate fiber of the present invention can be obtained by melt-spinning by a conventional method and, if necessary, subjecting it to drawing and heat treatment under tension or relaxation. Also, semi-oriented yarn (POY) is produced by high-speed spinning method.
Oriented yarns can also be obtained. Although it depends on the thermoplastic polymer used, the melt spinning temperature is usually 20.0 to 30oC.
], the stretching temperature is preferably 20 to 150°C, and the heat treatment temperature is preferably 8° to 250°C, particularly 100 to 200°C.

The conjugate fiber of the present invention can be used in an uncrimped state, a crimped state, or a plied state after being oriented. For example, artificial fur can be used without crimping for both the prickly hair and fluff, or it can be crimped for both the prickly hair and fluff, or it can be used without crimping for the prickly hair and crimped only for the fluff. It can be used as

Furthermore, the composite fiber of the present invention can be mixed with ordinary round cross-section yarn, non-circular cross-section yarn, and doubled fibers. In such a mixed use, at least 60 strands of fluff, especially 5 strands or more of the fluff of the present invention should be used in order to exhibit various properties such as bulkiness, heat insulation, heat retention, elasticity, anti-entanglement properties, and fluff handling properties. Preferably, it is a composite fiber.

When used in pile knitting fabrics, it is often preferable to crimp yarns, especially for fluff, but if the crimping is too strong, the yarns are likely to become entangled or felt, so select a moderately weak crimping condition. Usually, a suitable number of crimps is 2-40 cares 25 times, preferably 6-25 cares 2 times.
It is 5m.

Various methods can be used to provide the crimp. For example, a false twisting method, a pressing method, a gear crimp method, a fluid jet processing method using air or water vapor, etc. may be selected depending on the frame, purpose, and use.

Suitable polymer components for the composite fiber K of the present invention include polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyoxybenzoic acid ester, and alkaline earth metal salts of sulfoisophthalate, inphthalic acid, adipic acid, cepatic acid, Copolymerized with at least one component selected from dicarboxylic acids such as azelaic acid, oxybenzoic acids such as oxybenzoic acid, diols such as butanediol, cyclohexanediol, hexamethylene diol, polyalkylene glycol, and hydroquinone. Examples include copolymerized polyesters, mixtures of these polymers, and modified polyesters mixed with a third component.

Similarly, 6 nylon, 66 nylon, 610 nylon, 1
2 nylon and dicarboxylic acids such as isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, adipic acid, sepatic acid, alkaline earth metal salts of sulfoisophthalic acid, piperazine derivative dicarboxylic acid, ethylene diamine, hexamethylene diamine, undecamethylene diamine, m-xylidene diamine, piperazine and its derivative diamine,
Examples include copolyamides obtained by copolymerizing at least 1 m of components selected from diamines such as polyalkylene glycol derivative diamines, and modified polyamides obtained by mixing mixtures of these polymers and oligomers and a third component. Mainly polyethylene, polyglopylene, copolymers containing these as main components with ethylene, propylene, butashev, etc., mixtures of these polymers, modified polyolefins mixed with a third component, polyalkylene glycols, and their copolymers. Polyetheresters, which are block copolymers with polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate as the main component, nylon 6 and 66
Polyethers such as polyetheramides, which are block copolymers with nylon, fiber-forming vinyl polymers such as polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, and polybiylidene chloride, and copolymers and modified products based on these. Examples include, but are not limited to, vinyl polymers and other polyurethanes, and any fiber-forming polymer that can be melt-spun into a composite material is sufficient. Among these, polyesters and polyamides are suitable as line drawing component polymers, and polyesters, polyethers, and HINILFORM are useful materials as easily soluble component polymers.

After the composite fiber of the present invention is made into a fibrous or knitted fabric, it is treated with a solvent or a decomposing agent to remove the easily soluble component (2).
Easily soluble component (2) dissolves or decomposes compared to poorly soluble bt components (1) and (5)'JA11! The higher the ratio, the better.

When the dissolution or decomposition rate ratio is ゛Small Hiroshi≠#4L5 times Sueura, the highly soluble component (1) is also damaged in the process of removing the easily soluble component (2), making it impossible to obtain the desired form. Therefore, it is desirable that the speed ratio be at least 1.5 times or more, preferably 40 times or more, and even more preferably 50 times or more.

Examples of such bath agents or decomposers include strong acids (formic acid, concentrated sulfuric acid, perchloric acid, etc.), which dissolve boriad but not polyester.

Polyester easily decomposes against alkaline aqueous solutions (caustic noda, caustic potash, etc.), but polyamide has sufficient resistance. Further, polyester and polyamide are insoluble in acetone, but polystyrene is easily dissolved.

Furthermore, in the same alkaline aqueous solution, polyethylene terephthalate has a higher decomposition rate than polybutylene terephthalate, and polyethylene terephthalate has a higher decomposition rate than polybutylene terephthalate.
Polyesters copolymerized with about 5 to 30% of ethylene glycol, etc. have a significantly higher decomposition rate than homopolymers. In this way, even with a combination of the same polyesters, the desired purpose can be sufficiently achieved by selecting the polymer. Solvents and decomposers other than those mentioned above include phenol, m-l chloride, phenol and dichloromethane mixture, dichloroethane, toluene, xylene, acetone, tetrahydrofuran, methanol, ethanol, dimethylformamide, dimethylformamide, , monochlorobenzene, water, etc. These may be selected depending on the components (1) and (2) used.

If necessary, matting agents, pigments, dyes, fluorescent agents, ultraviolet absorbers, antioxidants, Antistatic agents, flame retardants, lubricants, inorganic fine particles, etc. may be added.

Examples will be described in detail below, but unless otherwise specified, parts and parts indicate weight ratios.

Example 1 Polyethylene terephthalate (hereinafter referred to as PET) having a molecular weight of 1.000 and containing titanium oxide (matting agent) of 0.2 is used as polymer P1.

Sodium sulfoine 7-talate glycol ester 8%
Polyethylene terephthalate (molecular weight 14
soo) is polymer P2.

Polymer P1 was melted at 298°C and polymer P2 was melted at 290°C in separate screw extruders, joined using a gear pump, weighed so that P142='/+ (capacity ratio), and then melted with a nozzle at 2-5°C. The polymer P1 is combined into a component (1
), composite fibers 700d/76f having a sandwich-shaped cross section as shown in FIG. 1 in which polymer P2 is component (2)
I got it. This yarn was stretched 5.7 times with a heated roller at 85°C and heat-treated by contacting with a hot plate at 150°C.
f filament) Fl was obtained. A cross section of this Fl was photographed with a microscope and measured. As a result, component (1) (polymer P
1) flat height is 3.2. The concavity ratio of the concave portion was 48 inches.

Similarly, polymer P1 was heated to 298°C, and polymer P2 was heated to 290°C.
Melt spinning was carried out in the same manner at ℃, and the splicing ratio was Pyp2 with a Gyabo5 knob.7. (JR ratio), then composited in a die at 295°C, extruded through the pores, and wound at 700m/min to form a composite fiber with a cross section as shown in Figure 4. A filament F2 of 180 d/3 f was obtained by drawing 5.9 times. As a result of taking a microscopic photograph of the cross section of F2 and measuring it, the oblateness of component (1) i! 2.59, the concavity rate is 28.5 and 20
．． It was 3%.

Filament F1 at 1st feed rate + 2ch, 1st LQ
Hill'-'LAIL 190 ℃, 9 numbers 3,400
T/M1 2nd stage 2nd stage Heater temperature is 0'C and 2nd stage false twisting process is performed at 2nd feed rate + 5t to make filament F゛I'
I got 1.

These 21 filaments F and 21 filaments F are combined and twisted at 8υT/M, and the pile base twisted yarn PY, fe
Obtained.

On the other hand, Yl is a 4-ply count double-threaded tl yarn of normal polyester 1.5 d and crimped staple with a cut length of 58 mm.

Yl is used for the warp and weft of the ground yarn, and PY is used for the pile yarn (
Cut pile fabric CP using a double pile loom (warp)
, obtained. OP is a W-type hair transplant with a bail length of 55 intestines and a transplant density of 70 hairs/ctA.

CPI was immersed for 50 minutes in a 4-distillate soda solution heated to 98°C, squeezed, and then washed with water and dried.

When one pile was pulled out from this pile fabric and examined under a microscope, the component (2), polymer P2, was completely dissolved and removed. It consisted of

This pre-treated pile fabric was developed by the present inventors in JP-A-56-15.
Finishing was performed using the force of force using the method disclosed in No. 48j. That is, the pretreated pile fabric CP is attached to a cylinder with a diameter of 1 m and rotated to raise the nap by a % rQ force, and the processing liquid is injected into an outer container (outer cylinder) with a diameter of 1.1 m that rotates on the same axis and at the same speed. and perform various processing.

First, the rotation speed was set to 60 Orpm, and heat set at 170°C ν)L
After that, fill the inside liquid level with 15% NaOH water bath at 98℃ as a processing liquid until the point is 17 cores from the base fabric, and continue to heat it for 20 minutes.
Hold for a minute and cut off the fluff.

Next, the processing liquid was rapidly extracted from the base fabric to a point of 27 iU, and from this point it was gradually scooped out at a speed of 1 anchor in 10 minutes.
Base fabric surface) 98℃8U to the point of 351 degrees (pile tip)
The tip of the pile was thinned and the liquid was completely drained, washed with water, and dried. Then at the same rotation speed Kayalon Polyester Dark Bro
wn A・s (Nippon Kayaku JJ) 0-1g7p,,+yay
Y-11/n (D dyeing solution at 98℃ for 30 minutes until the base fabric is immersed, drain the liquid, and dye with Kayalo
n Pa], yester Dark Brown T
-8 (Nippon Kayaku) 1.5gzl+, carrier 4I
j/1. The base fabric was immersed in a dyeing solution of 98° C. up to 1 Bm, dyed for 45 minutes, then drained, washed with water, reduced washing (70° C. x 20 minutes), washed with water, dried, and taken out. Next, an aqueous polyurethane elastomer dispersion was applied from behind the base fabric by a spraying method, heat treated at 170°C to harden the resin, and then brushed to obtain artificial fur AF1.

The thinned hair at the tip of the obtained AFl has a supple elasticity and soft texture due to the flat threads, and the movement of the hair (due to external forces such as wind or movement of the base fabric), and the apparent fiber diameter is small. It had a high gloss and color tone. In addition, the fluff has a flat system effect, which gives it bulk, heat retention, manageability (the hair is easily aligned by brushing, etc., and it is easy to pass a comb through), and the hair moves (when you blow on it, it feels like natural fur). It was a pile fabric that was excellent in its ability to flutter and return to its original shape when stopped, and had a beauty comparable to that of natural fur such as mink fur.

Comparative Example A The same procedure as in Example 1 was carried out except that the composite cross section was in the shape shown in Fig. 10 (flatness = 54°, 4% no concavity). Even when the fluff is brushed, the threads are difficult to unravel and become intertwined and aggregated, resulting in poor handling and poor bulk. Furthermore, when the base fabric was moved (movement such as the nape moving due to body movements when worn), threads cracked in the aggregate, and the base fabric was partially visible, resulting in an aesthetically poor appearance.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 to 9 are cross-sectional views of composite fibers of the present invention, and FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of composite fibers that do not belong to the present invention. Kanebo Goshu Co., Ltd. Figure 1 Figure 9 Figure 10 Figure 2 Cause Figure 5

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] (1) (A) A thermoplastic component having a low dissolution or decomposition rate (hereinafter referred to as a poorly soluble component), C) Each segment has at least one recess on its side surface and has a flat cross section with an oblateness of 1.2 to 5.0. Composite fibers characterized by being arranged and joined in parallel or radially by large thermoplastic components (hereinafter referred to as easily soluble components). (2) The fiber according to claim 1, wherein the recessed portion of the hardly soluble component has a dullness ratio of 5 to 70 inches. (6) The thermoplastic component is polyester, polyester, polyolefin, polyether, vinyl polymer,
Claim 1 is a polyurethane selected from the group of polyurethanes, copolymers and modified products having polyurethanes as main components.
Fibers as described in Section. (4) Composite specific gravity with M melting announced easily soluble component is ~59/
The fiber according to claim 1, which is (5) The fiber according to claim 1, wherein the composite single filament fineness is in the range of 0.5 to 100 deniers. (6) The fiber according to claim 1, wherein the sparsely soluble component segment has an oblateness of 1.8 to 4.0. (7) The fiber according to claim 2, wherein the refractory component segment has at least two recesses with a depression ratio of 10 to 50 inches.