JPS605416B2 - Plane processing equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a flat processing device for cutting or grinding the end face of a workpiece.

In planar machining of a workpiece, there is a difference in circumference between the inner diameter and outer diameter of a workpiece that rotates at a constant rotation speed, and when this is cut with a constant feed rate, the surface roughness of the machined surface will be Becomes non-uniform.

Therefore, it is necessary to proportionally control the peripheral speed and feed amount/rotation of the workpiece to make the surface roughness of the machined surface uniform. Conventionally, when cutting the flat surface of a fixed workpiece with a rotating tool, the rotation speed and feed rate of the tool were changed, and the cutting speed was fixed,
Devices that provide a constant feed amount and devices that control the rotation of a workpiece and the feed rate of a tool are known.

However, depending on the material and shape of the workpiece, even if the rotation of the workpiece and the feed rate of the tool are controlled in a fixed manner, it may not be possible to uniformly machine the surface roughness. That is, it is required to independently and arbitrarily change the workpiece circumferential speed and feed amount/rotation. Conventional devices do not take into account the ability to arbitrarily change control of workpiece circumferential speed and feed amount/rotation, respectively.

An object of the present invention is to operate a rotation control element such as a potentiometer and a feed control element such as a flow control valve using a cam and a link mechanism that proportionally increases or decreases the cam lift.
It is to control the peripheral speed of the workpiece and the feed amount/rotation.

A further object of the present invention is to make it possible to adjust the fulcrum position of the overlapping link mechanism, and to make it possible to independently and arbitrarily change the circumferential speed of the workpiece and the amount of feed/rotation.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an example of a plane processing machine equipped with a device according to the present invention, in which 1 is a bed, 2 is a headstock installed on the bed 1, 3 is a main shaft rotationally driven by a motor 4, and 5
6 is a vacuum chuck attached to the tip of the main spindle 3, and 6 is a workpiece attracted to the vacuum chuck 5. 7 is a table that slides on the bed 1 in a direction perpendicular to the marking line of the main shaft 6; 8 is a table feed cylinder for feeding and moving the table 7; 9 is a tool rest installed on the table 7;
I have a part-time job up to 1 river.

The device of the present invention is mainly provided on the front side of the bed 1.

The configuration will be explained with reference to FIG. 2 and FIG. 6. In FIG. 2, reference numeral 11 denotes a cam, and a cam surface 11a consisting of a hyperbola or an Archimedean spiral curve is formed within a predetermined rotation angle range.As shown in FIG. is supported by
A pinion 13 is fixed to the end of the shaft 14 to mesh with a long rack 12 on the lower surface of the table 7 along the moving direction. Therefore, the reciprocating movement of the table 7 is controlled by the rack 12 and the binion i3.
is converted into a rotational motion and rotates the cam 11. The turtle 5 is fixed to the bed 1' by a control device main body (hereinafter referred to as the device main body) in which most of the main components of the device of the present invention are incorporated.

First, a plunger 6 is provided in the device main body 15 at a position directly below the cam 11 so that it can only move up and down.

A follower roller 17 is mounted on the upper end of the plunger 6 and is in contact with the cam surface 11a and the arcuate surface 11b of the cam 11. Further, one end of a first link 18 is pivotally connected to the lower end of the plunger 16 by a connecting pin 19. This first link 18 has a long groove 22 as shown in FIG.
The first support shaft 20 is slidably inserted into the long groove 22 and is swingably supported around the first support shaft 20 as a fulcrum. The support shaft 20 is mounted on a first adjustment rack 21 that is slidably inserted into a guide groove provided in the main body 15 of the device, and moves together with the adjustment movement of the first adjustment rack 21. The first link 18 is displaced and slid in the long groove 22 to arbitrarily displace the fulcrum position of the first link 18. The adjustment movement mechanism for the first adjustment rack 21 has a pinion 24 that meshes with the first adjustment rack 21, and has a structure in which the pinion 24 and the workpiece circumferential speed setting knob 23 are connected by a shaft. There is. Furthermore, the other end of the first link 18 is connected by a connecting pin 26 to a first rack bar 32 which is iron-equipped to be slidably slidable in the axial direction parallel to the plunger 16 on the main body 15 of the apparatus.

The first rack bar 32 is always urged downward by the elastic force of the spring 35, and urges the plunger 6 upward through the first link 18 to move the fluoro roller 17 to the cam of the cam 11. Surface 11a or arc surface 1
1M is in contact. A small-diameter pinion 38 is engaged with the first rack bar 32, and the small-diameter pinion 38 takes out the vertical movement of the first rack bar 32 as a rotational movement.

There is a large diameter gear 39 coaxially with this small pinion 38.
As is clear from FIG. 4, it meshes with the 4-diameter gear 40. Further, on the same axis as the small diameter gear 40, there is also a small diameter gear 41.
This small-diameter gear 41 and the operating gear 43 of the potentiometer 44 are interlocked by an intermediate gear 42.The intermediate gear 42 is integrated with the shaft 45a end of the workpiece rotation speed setting knob 45, and When the workpiece rotation speed setting knob 45 is pushed toward the bag as shown in FIG. When the small diameter gear 41 and the intermediate gear 42 are pulled in this direction, the small diameter gear 41 and the intermediate gear 42 are disengaged, and only the operating gear 43 is engaged, and the potentiometer 44 is operated manually using the workpiece rotation speed setting knob 45, and the workpiece rotation speed is adjusted. 46 is a positioning mechanism for the workpiece rotation speed setting knob 45, and the intermediate gear 42
A clutch is formed by engaging and disengaging the gear 4 and the gear 41.

On the other hand, one end of the second link 25 is connected to a connecting pin 26 that connects the end of the first link 18 and the first rack bar 32.

This second link 25 also has a groove 29 , and this second link 25 also has a groove 29 .
A second support shaft 27 is slidably inserted therein. The second support shaft 27 is attached to the second adjustment rack 2, which is slidably attached to and loosened from a support 37 fixed to the front surface of the device main body 15.
It is set on a shield at 8. A pinion 31 is engaged with the second adjustment rack 28, and the pinion 31 and the feed amount/
A rotation setting knob 30 is coupled via a shaft. Therefore, the second link 25 also swings based on the fulcrum position of the second support 27, which moves together with the adjustment movement of the second adjustment rack 28. The other end of the second link 25 connects to a second rack bar 3 provided parallel to the first rack bar 32.
3 by a connecting pin 34. A spring 36 also urges this second rack bar 33 in the downward direction.
is provided, but the elastic force of this spring 36 is greater than the elastic force of the spring 35 of the first rack bar 32.
・It is a small relationship. A small diameter pinion 47 is also engaged with the second rack bar 33, and the second rack bar 33 is also engaged with a small diameter pinion 47.
The vertical motion of No. 3 is taken out as a rotational motion.

A large diameter gear 48 is provided coaxially with this small diameter pin 47 and meshes with a small diameter gear 49. A small diameter gear 50 is provided coaxially with the small diameter gear 49, and this small diameter gear 50 and a flow rate control valve 53
The intermediate gear 51 is interlocked with the operating gear 52 that operates the . Intermediate gear 51 is table feed speed setting knob 5
When the table feed speed setting knob 54 is pushed in, it engages with the small diameter gear 50 and the operating gear 52, but when the table feed speed setting knob 54 is pulled, the intermediate gear 52 disengages from the small-diameter gear 50 and engages only the operating gear 52, allowing the flow rate control valve 53 to be arbitrarily adjusted by manual operation. 55 is a positioning mechanism for the table feed speed setting knob 54, forming a manual and automatic clutch mechanism.

In the figure, reference numeral 56 denotes a support block, which is fixed to the main body 15 of the apparatus, and supports the workpiece rotation speed setting knob 45 and the table feed speed setting knob 54. 57 is a cover that covers the support block 56 and the support body 37.

Also, the potentiometer 44 is connected to the motor 4 that drives the main shaft 3.
The flow rate control valve 53 is incorporated in the hydraulic circuit of the table feed cylinder 8. Next, the operation of the above configuration will be explained.

First, to explain the basic operation, the contact position between the follower roller 17 and the cam 11 in FIG. 2 is the original position of the table 7 in FIG. 1. Based on the command to start machining, the table 7 moves backward (to the right in FIG. 1) so that the cutting tool 10 is positioned near the center of the workpiece 6. By moving the table 7 backward, the rack 12 on the underside of the table 7 is removed.
rotates pinion 13 and rotates cam 11 clockwise in FIG. Then move the track roller 17 to cam 1.
A point a of the cam surface 11a having the highest lift is brought into contact with the cam surface 11a. Therefore, the plunger 16 is pushed down by the cam 11, causing the first link 18 to swing about the first support shaft 20, and the other end of the first link 18 rises. The amount of rise of the other end of the first link 18 increases or decreases depending on the lever ratio depending on the fulcrum position of the first support shaft 20. As the other end of the first link 18 rises, the first rack bar 32 compresses the spring 35 and rises, causing the small diameter pinion 38 and the large flea gear 3 to move upward.
9, small diameter gears 40, 41, intermediate gear 42, operating gear 43
The potentiometer 44 is automatically set to increase the rotational speed of the motor 4 by transmitting the rotational torque. At the same time, one end of the second link 25 is raised as the first rack bar 32 moves upward. Therefore the second link 25
swings about the second support shaft 27, and the other end descends to move the second rack bar 33 downward. As a result, 4.
Length pinion 47, large diameter gear 48, small diameter gear 49, 50,
The rotational torque is transmitted to the intermediate gear 51 and the operating gear 52, and the flow rate control valve 53 is set to the feed amount/rotation corresponding to the rotational speed of the workpiece. With these setups, a cut is made in the cutting tool 10, cutting is started, and the table 7 moves forward (to the left in FIG. 1).

As the taffle 7 moves forward, the cam surface 11 also rotates counterclockwise, and as the cam lift of the cam surface 11a decreases, the plunger 16 gradually moves upward in accordance with the cam lift. The upward movement of the plunger 16 causes the first link 1 to
8 swings around the first support shaft 20, moves the first rack bar 32 downward, and controls the potentiometer 44 so that the motor rotational speed is gradually decreased from high to low so that the circumferential speed of the workpiece is constant. It works like this. At the same time, the second link 25 also swings about the second support shaft 27, moves the second rack bar 33 upward, and operates the flow control valve 53 to control the flow rate per rotation of the workpiece. The table feed speed is automatically controlled so that the feed amount (feed amount/rotation) of the cutting tool 10 is constant. In the device of the present invention that performs the series of operations described above, the circumferential speed of the workpiece, feed amount/rotation, workpiece rotation speed, and table feed speed are individually manually set, and the material, shape, and other factors of the workpiece are manually set. Plane processing is possible according to conditions. First, to set the circumferential speed of the workpiece, the pinion 24 moves forward and backward in the first adjustment rack 21 by rotating the workpiece circumferential speed setting knob 23 .

As a result, the first support shaft 2 slides in the groove 22 of the first link 18, changes the support position, and moves the first rack bar 32 up and down based on the up and down movement of the plunger 16. The lever ratio of the link 18 is adjusted in size, and the potentiometer 44 is adjusted as the vertical movement amount of the first rack bar 32 changes.
The operating range of the workpiece increases or decreases, and the workpiece circumferential speed control range increases or decreases. The setting of the feed amount/rotation for this is as follows: By rotating the feed amount/rotation setting knob 30, the pinion 31 moves forward and backward in the second adjustment rack 28.

As a result, the second support shaft 27 slides in the groove 29 of the second link 25, changes the support position, and moves to the first rack bar 3.
The lever ratio of the second link 25 that moves up and down the second rack bar 33 that blocks the vertical movement amount of 2 is adjusted in size, and the second
The operating range of the flow control valve 53 can be set to increase or decrease as the amount of vertical movement of the rack bar 33 changes. Further, the workpiece rotation can be set by arbitrarily adjusting the potentiometer 44 by pulling the workpiece rotation speed setting knob 45 to rotate the intermediate gear 42 out of engagement with the small diameter gear 41.

Furthermore, the table feed speed can be set by arbitrarily adjusting the flow control valve 53 by pulling the table feed speed setting knob 54 and rotating the intermediate gear 51 out of engagement with the small diameter gear 50.

In the above embodiment, a precision lathe for machining a disk-shaped workpiece was shown, but the apparatus of the present invention can also be applied to a rotary surface grinder.

As described above, the device of the present invention operates a rotation control element (potentiometer) and a feed control element (flow rate control valve) using a single cam that is linked to feed and a link mechanism that increases or decreases the cam lift proportionally. Workpiece circumferential speed and feed amount/rotation can be automatically controlled in relation to each other, and can be adjusted individually by adjusting the fulcrum position next to each ring machine. Since the feed rate/rotation relationship can be obtained arbitrarily, adjustments corresponding to the material, shape, and other machining conditions of the workpiece can be synergistically obtained, and plane machining accuracy and machining that could not be achieved with a subordinate device can be achieved. There is an advantage of gaining increased efficiency. Furthermore, it would be more effective if the workpiece rotation speed and table feed speed could be adjusted independently.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a plan view of a precision lathe to which the device of the present invention is applied;
3 is a partially sectional front view showing the main structure of the device of the present invention, FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line mm in FIG. is a sectional view taken along the line V-V in Figure 2.
The figure is a sectional view taken along the line W-W in FIG. 4. 1... Bed, 2... Headstock, 3... Main spindle, 4... Motor,
5... Vacuum ticker 6... Workpiece, 7... Table, 8
...table feed cylinder, 10...bite, 11...power arm,
12... Rack, 13... Pinion 15... Control device main body, 16... Plunger, 17... Fluoro roller, 1
8...first link, 20...first support shaft, 21...first
adjustment rack, 22... long groove, 23... workpiece peripheral speed setting knob, 25... second link, 27... second support shaft, 28.
...Second adjustment rack, 29...Foundest groove, 30...Feed amount rotation setting knob, 32...First rack bar, 33...
Second rack bar, 35, 36... Spring, 44... Potentiometer, 45... Workpiece rotation speed setting knob.
46...'positioning mechanism, 53...flow control valve, 54
...Table feed speed setting knob, 55...Positioning mechanism. Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 A hyperbolic or Archimedean spiral cam that rotates as a result of the reciprocating motion of the table, a plunger that is displaced by the cam lift of the cam, and a plunger that swings proportionally with the displacement of the plunger and is connected via a rack and a gear train. a first link for controlling a rotation control element for controlling the rotation of the motor; a second link for controlling a feed control element for controlling the feed of the workpiece, and a workpiece circumferential speed setting knob for displacing the fulcrum axis of the first link and arbitrarily setting a swing proportionality constant of the first link. and a feed amount/rotation setting knob that displaces the fulcrum axis of the second link and arbitrarily sets a swing proportionality constant of the second link.