JPS6061477A - Controller for alternating current elevator - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a control device for an AC elevator, and more particularly to a control device for a drum-type elevator using an electric motor having high-speed windings and low-speed windings.

[Prior art]

Figure 1 shows a control system for a conventional crane-type AC elevator that uses an electric motor with two windings (tube speed winding and low speed winding), where 1 is a hoisting machine and 2 is a hoisting machine. 1 is a main rope wound around the steel car part; 3 is a cage connected to one hanging end of the main rope 2; 4 is a counterweight connected to the other hanging end of the main rope 2; 5 is a counterweight connected to the other hanging end of the main rope 2; , is an electric motor connected to the hoisting machine 1 through a shaft 6'fc, and z also includes a high-speed winding 5a and a low-speed winding 5b. I is an electromagnetic brake coupled to the shaft 6, which is equipped with a magnetic coil 7a, and when the electromagnetic coil 7a is deenergized, the magnetic brake γ generates a braking force, and ? 1 (When the magnetic coil 1a is excited by the DC power supply 8, the electromagnetic brake 7fc is released. 9R, 9S, and 9T are the power terminals of the elevator control circuit to which the standing-phase AC power supply is connected. A high-speed contactor contact 1 is provided in each line connecting the power terminals 9R, 9S, 9T and the high-speed winding 5a of the motor 5.
0a, 10b, and 10c are connected in series, respectively, and power terminals 9R and 9S.

Low-speed contactor contacts 11a, 11b, and 11e are connected in series to each line connecting 9T and the low-speed winding 1j15b of the motor 5, respectively. In addition, the power terminal 9
Upward contactors 12m and 12b are connected in series to the R and S phase lines connected to R and 98, respectively, and when both contactors 12a and 12b are closed, the motor 5 is rotated in the forward rotation direction. It is driven and raised by 1. 12
Reference numeral e designates an upward brake contact which is opened and closed in synchronization with the upward contactors 12a and 12b and is connected in series to a circuit connecting the electromagnetic coil 7a and the DC electric current 8.

Furthermore, 13a and 13b are downward direction contactors, one end of each of which is connected to the R and S phase iij edge terminals 9R, 98, and the other end of the contactor 13a is connected to the motor connection 11111 of the upward direction contactor 12b. K, and the other end of the contactor 13b is connected to the motor connection side of the upward direction contactor 12a, and this downward direction contactor 13a,
When 13b is closed, the electric motor 5fc is driven in the reverse rotation direction to lower the heel 3. 13e is the downward direction contactor 13a.

13b, and is a downward brake contact connected in parallel with the upward brake contact 12a.

In the crane type AC elevator having the above configuration, during upward operation, the upward direction contactors 12a, 12b and the high-speed contactors 1Oa to 10c are closed, thereby adding three-phase AC to the electric motor 5. The high-speed winding 58 is excited in three phases, and the motor 5 is started in the direction in which the shaft 3 is raised. At this time,
Since the brake contact 12e interlocking with the upward direction contactors 12a and 12b is closed, the electromagnetic coil 1a is energized and the electromagnetic brake 7 is released. Furthermore, this three-phase excitation of the high-speed winding is carried out from start-up acceleration during upward operation to a constant speed, thereby causing the heel 3 to operate upward at a constant speed.

When the car rises to a predetermined distance in front of the destination floor, the high-speed contactors 10a to 10c are opened and the low-speed contactors 11a to lle are closed. The sum-excited three-phase electric motor 5 is driven at high speed (II) to reduce the car's ascent speed and operate at a constant speed at a slow speed until it approaches the landing floor.Then, when the car floor is sufficiently close to the landing floor of the destination floor, the brakes are applied. The contact 12e is fully opened, and the electromagnetic brake 7 is activated to control biυ, thereby stopping the heel 3 at a fixed point.

In addition, during descending operation, descending direction contactors 13a, 1
3b and high-speed contactor contacts ioa to 10c are closed, and the brake contact 13c is closed to open the electromagnetic brake 7. As a result, the high-speed winding 5a of the electric motor 5 is excited in three phases to accelerate the electric motor 5 from startup to a constant speed in the direction in which the car descends, and at the same time, the car 3 is operated downward at a constant speed. Then, when moving from car 3 to a predetermined distance before the destination floor, high-speed contactor contacts 1Oa to 10
C opens and the low-speed contactor contacts 11a to 11c close, three-phase power is supplied to the low-speed winding 5b of the motor 5, and the low-speed winding ti15b=z Sanwa excitation causes 1ltll.
After the car floor has sufficiently approached the landing floor, the car 3 is stopped at a fixed point on the destination floor by opening the brake contact 13et and operating the electromagnetic brake T to apply the brake.

When driving a sliding elevator with a motor using the conventional control method as described above, both the high-speed winding and the low-speed winding are switched by a contactor according to the direction of elevator operation, so power is supplied to the motor. The number of contacts to be controlled increases, and in the case of a drum-type elevator, the braking force during deceleration during ascending and descending operations is the same, which has the drawback of poor ride comfort during deceleration.

[Purpose of the invention]

This invention solves the above-mentioned drawbacks, and provides a winding drum type elevator with a two-speed gear mechanism that accelerates upward operation.
At a constant speed, the high-speed winding is 3-phase excited to accelerate downward operation, and at constant speed, the high-speed winding is single-phase excited, and when decelerating in the upward direction, the low-speed winding is single-phase excited, and when decelerating in the downward direction. By controlling the entire motor power supply so that the low-speed winding can be excited in three phases, the elevator can be raised with a small number of contacts.
An object of the present invention is to provide a control device for an AC elevator that enables descending operation and improves riding comfort during deceleration.

[Embodiments of the invention]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be explained below based on the drawings.

Fig. 2 shows a control device for a winding drum elevator according to the present invention, and Fig. 3 shows the elevator drive electric power supply.
This is a wiring diagram of a pole number switching type in which Iij1 is switched in two stages of high speed and low speed. In the same figure, the same symbols as in FIG. 1 represent the same parts, 14a to 14d and '
15a is a contactor contact that accelerates the electric motor 5 when ascending and descending and operates at a constant speed; these contactor contacts 14a, 14
b and 15a are connected to a line connecting the high-speed winding 5a 1111 of the motor 5 and the power supply terminal 9R, 98°9T. That is, the contactor contacts 14a and 14b are connected in series to the lines connecting the midpoints of windings L1 and L2 of the three-phase windings connected in a Δ connection and the power supply terminals 9R and 9S, respectively, and the contactor contacts The contacts 14c and 14d are connected in series between the connection point of the windings L1 and L2 and the neutral point O, and between the connection point of the windings Ll and L3 and the neutral point 0, respectively. It is connected in series to the line connecting the midpoint of the line and the power supply terminal 9T.

15b, 16a, and 16b are contactor contacts for decelerating the motor 5, and are connected to the low speed winding 5b side of the motor 5 and the power terminal 5.
It is connected to the line connecting b.

That is, the contactor contact 15b is connected in series to the line connecting the power terminal 9T and the connection point of the windings L2 and L3, and the contactor contacts 16a and 16b are connected to the line connecting the connection point of the windings L1 and L5 and the power terminal 9R. They are connected in series to a line connecting the wires and a line connecting the connection point between the windings L1 and L2 and the power supply terminal 98, respectively.

Further, 11 is a winding-truck-type hoisting machine that raises and lowers the heel 3 by winding or letting out the main rope 2 that suspends the heel 3, and this hoisting machine 17 is connected to a shaft 6 (i- 18 is a brake contact connected in series to a circuit connecting the electromagnetic coil 7a of the electromagnetic brake I and the DC power supply 8.

Figure 4 is a torque characteristic diagram of the electric motor, with torque on the vertical axis and rotational speed on the horizontal axis.Curve ■ is the torque characteristic in the upward direction when the motor high-speed winding is excited in three phases.9
1 curve ■ is the torque characteristic in the upward direction when the high-speed winding is excited in a single phase, and curve ■■ is the torque characteristic in the foil direction when the low-speed winding is excited in three phases. iv is the upward torque when the low-speed winding is single-phase excited and I″L!
Each shows its characteristics. Furthermore, the straight line ■ represents the load torque during upward operation, and the straight line VT represents the load torque during downward operation.

Next, the operation of the embodiment configured as described above will be explained.

When the elevator is in "1 ascending operation," the contactor contacts 14a to 14
d and 1Sa are closed, and the brake contact 18 is closed. When the brake contact 18 is closed, the electromagnetic coil 7a is excited and the electromagnetic brake I is released. Further, by closing the contactor contacts 14a to 14d and 15a, the winding of the motor 5 is switched to the number of poles that can be operated at high speed, and three-phase alternating current is supplied to the coiling, and three-phase excitation is performed. Run the electric motor in full force. That is, the electric motor 5 is started in the upward direction and accelerated toward a constant speed.

At the time of acceleration during the upward direction operation, the heel 3 is accelerated in the upward direction using the torque obtained by subtracting the load torque TLxt shown in direct mW from the motor torque shown in curve i11, and the load torque TL1 and the motor torque are balanced at point A1.

The rotational speed of the electric motor 5 at this time is NAI, and the heel 3 is operated at a constant speed in the upward direction at this rotational speed NA1.

On the other hand, when the car 3 rises to a predetermined pressure Nlt in front of the destination floor, the contactor contacts 141 to 14d and 15a open,
Contactor contacts 16a, 16b close.

As a result, the motor winding is switched to the lower speed side pole number, and the motor 5 is supplied with single-phase AC power from the R and S phases, and by single-phase excitation of the low-speed winding, the motor 5 is subjected to single-phase regenerative braking. Generate torque and calculate the motor torque at that time (
Rising load torque TL shown by curve IV) and straight line V in Figure 4
A torque corresponding to the difference from I is used to reduce the rising speed of the lever 3 to near the speed determined by the synchronization of the low-speed winding. As a result, at point D1 shown in Fig. 4, the motor torque and the rising load l/lux T
t and l are balanced, and the motor rotation speed NDI at this balance
Drive the Dekato 3 at slow speed until it is close to the landing floor. Then, when car 3 rises close to the fixed point on the destination floor, contactor contact 1
6a and 16b are opened, the power supply to the electric motor 5 is cut off, and the brake contact 18 is opened, thereby operating the V electromagnetic brake T to apply a sudden brake to the hoisting machine 1T, and turning the corner 3. Stop and hold at a fixed point.

Further, when the elevator is operating downward, the brake contact 18 is closed to release the electromagnetic brake 1, and only the contactor contacts 14a to 14d are closed, thereby causing the stain mower 5 to close.
A single-phase AC power supply of R and S phases is supplied to the high-speed winding Ht.
Single-phase excitation is applied, and as the car approaches a fixed stop point, the motor is operated in single-phase power running and single-phase regenerative braking. That is, the electric motor 5
When accelerating in the descending direction, the heel 3 is accelerated in the descending direction with a torque corresponding to the difference between the motor torque shown by the curve ■ and the descending load torque TL2 indicated by the straight line ■, and the descending load torque 'rL, 2 is increased at point Bl. ! When the single-phase braking torque of the electric motor is balanced, the motor rotation speed becomes NB1, and the heel 3 is operated downward at a constant speed at this rotation speed NB1.

On the other hand, when car 3 descends to a predetermined distance before the destination floor,
Contactor contacts 14a-14d open, contactor contacts 15&,
16&, 16b close. Three-phase alternating current is supplied from K to the electric motor 5, and its low-speed winding is excited in three phases, causing the electric motor 5 to generate a single-phase braking torque as shown by curve (2) in FIG. At this time, the speed of the electric motor 5 is reduced from the NB10 point, but the descending speed of Kato 3 is reduced to a low speed with a torque corresponding to the difference between the motor torque shown by the curve ■ and the descending load torque TL2 shown by the straight line ■. The speed is reduced to approximately the speed determined by the synchronous speed of the line. As a result, the motor torque and the load torque TL2 are balanced at point C1 in FIG. 4, and the motor rotational speed is NC1, and at the same speed MCI, the motor 3 is operated at a slow speed until it is close to the hall floor. When the car 3 descends to a fixed point on the destination floor, the contactor contacts 15m, 16m, and 16b open to cut off the power supply to the motor 5, and the brake contact 18 opens, thereby operating the electromagnetic brake 1 and A sudden brake is applied to the upper machine 17 to stop and hold it at a fixed point of 3t.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, in the drum-type elevator of the present invention, during braking during descending operation, the low-speed winding is three-phase excited so that a rotating magnetic field is generated in the same direction as the motor rotation direction, and during ascending operation During braking, the low-speed winding is single-phase excited, so a large braking force is generated during descending operation, whereas a small braking force is generated during ascending operation. Therefore, in a drum type elevator, when ascending, the weight of the heel 1111 acts in the direction of stopping the elevator, so a small braking force is sufficient, but when descending, a large braking force is required.
The electric motor can be controlled to decelerate with a braking force corresponding to this, and therefore, substantially the same deceleration can be obtained during ascending and descending, resulting in good riding comfort during elevator deceleration. In addition, in a drum type elevator, if you open the brake regardless of the amount of white fish in the basket, the force will be lowered depending on the amount of mold on the side.
Since the force that rotates the motor acts on 11, this is used to single-phase excite the high-speed winding and low-speed winding, respectively, during acceleration during descending operation, constant speed, and braking in the ascending and descending directions. The number of contactor contacts that control the electric motor can be reduced compared to the conventional method, and the elevator can be raised with fewer contacts.

Capable of descending operation.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an electric circuit connection diagram showing a conventional AC elevator control device, FIG. 2 is an electric circuit connection diagram showing an example of the AC elevator control device of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is an electric circuit connection diagram showing an example of the AC elevator control device of the present invention. A connection diagram showing an example of the case where a multiple switching type is used, and FIG. 4 is a torque characteristic diagram of the electric motor in this invention. In the drawing, 2 is the main rope, 3 is the cage, 5 is the electric motor, 5a
is a high-speed winding, 5b is a low-speed winding, γ is an electromagnetic brake, 8 is a DC power supply, 9R, 9g, 9T are three-phase AC power supply terminals, 14
a to 14d are contactor contacts (opening/closing means), 15 a *
15 b is a contactor contact (opening/closing means), 16 a, 16 b
1 is a deceleration contactor contact (switcher stage), and 17 is a drum-type winding machine. In addition, the same reference numerals in the figures indicate the same or corresponding parts. ＜ ζ k )＼ ＼

Claims (1)

[Claims] In a winding drum type elevator driven by an electric motor having high-speed and low-speed windings, the acceleration of the elevator corner during upward operation, and the opening/closing of the high-speed winding a Ye three-phase excitation to drive the electric motor during constant speed operation. an opening/closing means for operating the IE motor in a single phase by single-phase excitation of the high-speed winding during acceleration and constant speed of the elevator corner during downward operation, and single-phase excitation of the low-speed winding during deceleration during upward operation. It is characterized by comprising an opening/closing means for performing phase excitation to perform all single-phase regenerative braking of the electric motor, and an opening/closing means for performing three-phase regenerative braking of the electric motor a by three-phase excitation of the low-speed winding during deceleration during descending operation. AC elevator control device.