JPS6065201A - Expansion turbine thrust control device - Google Patents

Expansion turbine thrust control device

Info

Publication number
JPS6065201A
JPS6065201A JP17290483A JP17290483A JPS6065201A JP S6065201 A JPS6065201 A JP S6065201A JP 17290483 A JP17290483 A JP 17290483A JP 17290483 A JP17290483 A JP 17290483A JP S6065201 A JPS6065201 A JP S6065201A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
pressure
impeller
thrust
expansion turbine
bearing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP17290483A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH0120281B2 (en
Inventor
Kazuo Okamoto
和夫 岡本
Teruo Ota
大田 輝雄
Kazuo Ihara
井原 一夫
Yasuo Nakatani
中谷 安夫
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hitachi Ltd
Original Assignee
Hitachi Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hitachi Ltd filed Critical Hitachi Ltd
Priority to JP17290483A priority Critical patent/JPS6065201A/en
Publication of JPS6065201A publication Critical patent/JPS6065201A/en
Publication of JPH0120281B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0120281B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01DNON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D3/00Machines or engines with axial-thrust balancing effected by working-fluid
    • F01D3/04Machines or engines with axial-thrust balancing effected by working-fluid axial thrust being compensated by thrust-balancing dummy piston or the like

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To retain the thrust applied to a rotary shaft in a constant range by sensing the back face pressure and outlet pressure of an impeller and thereupon controlling the back face pressure. CONSTITUTION:Pressure in a back face pressure chamber 8 of an impeller 3 and the pressure at a diffuser 4 at the outlet from impeller 3 are sensed by a differential pressure meter 9. The obtained pressure difference shall be used for controlling a valve 10 interposed between a scroll 1 and said back face pressure chamber 8 or another valve 11 between this chamber 8 and the abovementioned diffuser 4. Thereby the thrust to be generated at the impeller 3 can be held within a certain specified range.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔発明の利用分野〕 本発明は膨張タービンに係り、特に運転中スラスト変動
を生じやすい高圧タービンなどのスラスト制御装置に関
するものである。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Application of the Invention] The present invention relates to an expansion turbine, and particularly to a thrust control device for a high-pressure turbine or the like that tends to undergo thrust fluctuations during operation.

〔発明の背景〕[Background of the invention]

空気分離装店等の寒冷発生用として使用される膨張ター
ビンは、プラントの常温状態から極低温状態まで広い運
転条件において使用される。従って、各運転条件におい
て膨張タービンの出入口の荷も弯1ヒする。したがって
、このスラスト負荷を十分支えることができるスラスト
軸受が膨張タービンに組込まれる必要がある。
Expansion turbines used for generating refrigeration in air separation facilities and the like are used under a wide range of operating conditions from normal temperature conditions to extremely low temperature conditions in plants. Therefore, under each operating condition, the load at the inlet and outlet of the expansion turbine also bends. Therefore, a thrust bearing that can sufficiently support this thrust load needs to be incorporated into the expansion turbine.

一般に、フルシュラウド付インペラーをもつ膨張タービ
ンでは、回転体に作用する軸スラストは第1図に示すよ
うにインペラーの前面と背面の圧力及びこの圧力が作用
する受圧面積の割合により計算される。(機械工学朗覧
改訂5版P9−44)F=P+XA++PtXA1 P
3XAI Pa×ks ・・−・・(1)ここに F−
回転軸に作用するスラストP、−インペラー人口圧力 ■)2−インペラー出口圧力 p3.p、 =インペラー背面圧力 A、〜A4−圧力P、〜P4の作用する受圧面受圧面積
A1〜A4 はインペラー形状によって決まるものであ
るが、P+、Pa の圧力膨張タービンの運転条件によ
って変動するものである。従って高圧力のプロセスガス
な処理する膨張タービンでは、低圧から高圧まで運転条
件があるため運転条件により軸スラストが大きく変1ヒ
する。このため、高負荷容量のスラスト軸受を必要とす
るので、軸受損失の増大、軸受潤滑油量の増大、また動
力回収型膨張タービンでは回収電力量の減少を生ずるな
どの欠点があった。
Generally, in an expansion turbine having an impeller with a full shroud, the axial thrust acting on the rotating body is calculated from the pressure on the front and back surfaces of the impeller and the ratio of the pressure-receiving area on which this pressure acts, as shown in FIG. (Mechanical Engineering Recitation Revised 5th Edition P9-44) F=P+XA++PtXA1 P
3XAI Pa×ks ・・・・・・(1) Here F-
Thrust P acting on the rotating shaft, - Impeller population pressure ■) 2 - Impeller outlet pressure p3. p, = Impeller back pressure A, ~A4 - Pressure P, ~ The pressure receiving area A1 to A4 on the pressure receiving surface where P4 acts is determined by the impeller shape, but varies depending on the operating conditions of the pressure expansion turbine of P+, Pa. It is. Therefore, in an expansion turbine that processes high-pressure process gas, there are operating conditions ranging from low pressure to high pressure, and the shaft thrust varies greatly depending on the operating conditions. Therefore, since a thrust bearing with a high load capacity is required, there are disadvantages such as an increase in bearing loss, an increase in the amount of bearing lubricating oil, and a decrease in the amount of recovered electric power in the power recovery type expansion turbine.

〔発明の目的〕[Purpose of the invention]

本発明の目的は、膨張タービンにおいて、どのような運
転条件においても回転軸に作用するスラストを一定範囲
内に保持するスラスト制御装置を提供することにある。
An object of the present invention is to provide a thrust control device for an expansion turbine that maintains the thrust acting on the rotating shaft within a certain range under any operating conditions.

〔発明の概要〕[Summary of the invention]

膨張タービンで発生する軸スラストの大きさは、前述の
(1)式で示されるようにインペラー背面圧力と前面圧
力の差によって決まる。この圧力差は運転条件により変
動し、特に、高圧力のプロセスガスな処理する膨張ター
ビンではこの変動値が大きく、スラスト軸受の負荷容量
を大きくする必要があった。
The magnitude of the axial thrust generated in the expansion turbine is determined by the difference between the impeller back pressure and the front pressure, as shown by equation (1) above. This pressure difference varies depending on operating conditions, and this variation is particularly large in expansion turbines that process high-pressure process gases, making it necessary to increase the load capacity of the thrust bearing.

そこで、本発明はインペラー背面の圧力を制御すること
によりインペラーで発生する軸スラストを一定範囲内に
保持し、スラスト軸受の負荷容量を小さくするようにし
たもので、これにより、軸受損失の減少、軸受潤滑油量
の減少、また動力回収型膨張タービンでは回収電力量の
増大によるプラント運転時の原単位の向上が行なえる。
Therefore, the present invention maintains the axial thrust generated by the impeller within a certain range by controlling the pressure on the back surface of the impeller, thereby reducing the load capacity of the thrust bearing.This reduces bearing loss and reduces bearing loss. By reducing the amount of bearing lubricating oil and increasing the amount of recovered power in power recovery expansion turbines, it is possible to improve the unit consumption during plant operation.

〔発明の実施例〕[Embodiments of the invention]

以下、本発明の一実施例を第2図により説明する。第2
図は膨張タービンのインペラ一部分の断面を示している
。スクロール1のプロセスガスは、ノズル2を通り断熱
膨張して噴流ガスとなり、インペラー3へ入りインペラ
ーを回転させた後ディフューザ−4へ流れる。インペラ
ー3の前面出口部にはラビリンス5を設け、プロセスガ
スのショートパスを防止している。また、インペラー3
の背面外周部にラビリンス6、内周部にラビリンス7を
設け、二のラビリンス6.7に囲まれる部分は背面圧力
室8となっている。この背面圧力室8とインペラー出口
の圧力は、差圧計9で検出される。
An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. Second
The figure shows a cross section of a portion of the impeller of an expansion turbine. The process gas in the scroll 1 passes through the nozzle 2, undergoes adiabatic expansion, becomes a jet gas, enters the impeller 3, rotates the impeller, and then flows to the diffuser 4. A labyrinth 5 is provided at the front outlet of the impeller 3 to prevent a short path of the process gas. Also, impeller 3
A labyrinth 6 and a labyrinth 7 are provided on the outer periphery of the back surface and a labyrinth 7 on the inner periphery, respectively, and the area surrounded by the second labyrinth 6.7 forms a back pressure chamber 8. The pressures in the back pressure chamber 8 and the impeller outlet are detected by a differential pressure gauge 9.

差圧計9の上限は、前述(1)式による軸スラストがイ
ンペラー朋面方向へ作用する場合の規定値であり、この
上限信号により、スクロール1から高圧のプロセスガス
を背面圧力室8へ送り込むためのコントロール弁10を
設けたラインをつけている。
The upper limit of the differential pressure gauge 9 is the specified value when the axial thrust according to equation (1) above acts in the direction of the impeller surface. A line equipped with a control valve 10 is attached.

また逆に、差圧計9の下限は、前述(1)式による軸ス
ラストがインペラ−3背面側へ作用する場合の規定値で
あり、この下限信号により、背面圧力室8からこの部分
のガスをディフューザ−4へ送り込むためのコントロー
ル弁11を設けたラインをつけている。
Conversely, the lower limit of the differential pressure gauge 9 is the specified value when the axial thrust according to equation (1) above acts on the back side of the impeller 3, and this lower limit signal causes the gas in this area to be removed from the back pressure chamber 8. A line is provided with a control valve 11 for feeding into the diffuser 4.

上記差圧計9の上限、下限の規定値は、スラスト軸受の
負荷容量から決定される。
The specified upper and lower limits of the differential pressure gauge 9 are determined from the load capacity of the thrust bearing.

上記のような構成および動作をもっことにより。By having the configuration and operation as described above.

L! /rl k Aナト3し入社よYセ昌イLノー、
屑ち一弔αルする軸スラストを一定範囲内に保持するこ
とが可能で序)す、膨張タービンに適する任意のスラス
ト軸受を設計することができる。
L! /rl k A Nato 3 and join Y Se Chang I L No,
Any thrust bearing suitable for expansion turbines can be designed that is capable of keeping the debris-collecting shaft thrust within a certain range.

次1.=、上記膨張タービンのスラスト制御に関し。Next 1. = Regarding the thrust control of the expansion turbine.

スラスト軸受の温度を検出することにより、上記コント
ロール弁In 、 11を作動させてスラストを制御す
る方法を以下に説明する。
A method of controlling the thrust by operating the control valve In, 11 by detecting the temperature of the thrust bearing will be described below.

スラスト軸受の使用限界は、一般に軸受メタルの温度に
よって判定できる。高負荷のスラストがスラスト軸受に
作用すると、軸受部での損失が増大し軸受メタルの温度
が上昇する。この軸受温度の限界は軸受メタルの材質、
潤滑油の種類等により決定されるもので、それぞれの軸
受に固有の値となる。従って、軸受メタルの使用温度限
界を事前に把握しておくことによりこの使用温度限界を
越えないようスラスト負荷を制御すれば、任意のスラス
ト軸受を膨張タービンに組込むことができる。
The usage limit of a thrust bearing can generally be determined by the temperature of the bearing metal. When a high load thrust acts on a thrust bearing, loss in the bearing increases and the temperature of the bearing metal rises. The limit of this bearing temperature depends on the material of the bearing metal.
It is determined by the type of lubricant, etc., and is a value unique to each bearing. Therefore, if the operating temperature limit of the bearing metal is known in advance and the thrust load is controlled so as not to exceed this operating temperature limit, any thrust bearing can be incorporated into the expansion turbine.

第3図により、この考え方にそって軸スラストを制御す
る方法を説明する。膨張タービンでの軸スラスト発生機
構は第2図で説明のものと同じである。スラスト軸受に
は、負荷側と反負荷側のそれぞれにスラスト軸受メタル
温度を測定する温度計12 、13を設け、この温度計
12 、13からの信号によりコントロール弁10 、
11を作動させる。作動の条件は、温度計12の温度上
限でコントロール弁11を開き、また、温度計13の作
動によりコントロール弁lOを開くことにより、インペ
ラ一部で発生する軸スラストを制御することができる。
A method of controlling the axial thrust based on this concept will be explained with reference to FIG. The axial thrust generation mechanism in the expansion turbine is the same as that described in FIG. The thrust bearing is provided with thermometers 12 and 13 for measuring the thrust bearing metal temperature on the load side and anti-load side, respectively, and the control valves 10 and 10 are controlled by signals from the thermometers 12 and 13.
11 is activated. The operating conditions are that the control valve 11 is opened when the temperature of the thermometer 12 is at the upper limit, and the control valve IO is opened by the operation of the thermometer 13, thereby making it possible to control the axial thrust generated in a part of the impeller.

〔発明の効果〕〔Effect of the invention〕

本発明によれば、スラスト軸受の負荷容量が任意に設定
できるため膨張タービンに適したスラスト軸受の設計が
でき、スラスト軸受のコンパクト比、軸シ損失の減少お
よび軸受潤滑油量の減少ができ、さらに動力回収型膨張
タービンでは回収電力量の増大が図れるという効果があ
る。
According to the present invention, since the load capacity of the thrust bearing can be set arbitrarily, it is possible to design a thrust bearing suitable for an expansion turbine, and it is possible to reduce the compactness ratio of the thrust bearing, reduce the shaft loss, and reduce the amount of bearing lubricating oil. Furthermore, the power recovery type expansion turbine has the effect of increasing the amount of recovered electric power.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第1図はインペラー断面と!インペラーに作用する圧力
の種類を示す説明図、第2図は本発明の一実施例の断面
図、第3図は本発明の他の実施例の断面図である。 1°゛°゛゛スクロール、2・・・・・・ノズル、3・
・・・・・インペラー、4・・・・・・ディフューザー
、9・・・・・差圧針。 10°°゛°° コントロール弁、 11・・・・・コ
ントロール弁、12・・・・・ 温度計、13・・・・
・温度計、8・・・・・ 背面圧力室第1図 才2図 才3図 σ V 6
Figure 1 shows the impeller cross section! FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the present invention. 1°゛°゛゛scroll, 2...nozzle, 3.
... Impeller, 4 ... Diffuser, 9 ... Differential pressure needle. 10°°゛°° Control valve, 11... Control valve, 12... Thermometer, 13...
・Thermometer, 8... Rear pressure chamber 1st figure 2nd figure 3rd figure σ V 6

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 1、 軸受によって支えられた回転軸と、この回転軸の
軸端に設けたインペラーと、このインペラーにプロセス
を供給するノズルを有した膨張タービンにおいて、イン
ペラー背面の圧力と出口部の圧力の差を検出してこの検
出信号によりスクロール部よりインペラー背面へ制圧の
プロセスガスな供給するコントロール弁を有すラインを
有するラインを設けたことを特徴とする膨張タービンの
スラスト制御装に’1. 。
1. In an expansion turbine that has a rotating shaft supported by a bearing, an impeller installed at the end of the rotating shaft, and a nozzle that supplies process to the impeller, the difference between the pressure at the back of the impeller and the pressure at the outlet is calculated. A thrust control system for an expansion turbine characterized in that a line having a control valve that detects and supplies a pressurized process gas from a scroll portion to the back surface of an impeller based on the detection signal is provided. .
JP17290483A 1983-09-21 1983-09-21 Expansion turbine thrust control device Granted JPS6065201A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP17290483A JPS6065201A (en) 1983-09-21 1983-09-21 Expansion turbine thrust control device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP17290483A JPS6065201A (en) 1983-09-21 1983-09-21 Expansion turbine thrust control device

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP62131220A Division JPS62294701A (en) 1987-05-29 1987-05-29 Expansion turbine thrust control device

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS6065201A true JPS6065201A (en) 1985-04-15
JPH0120281B2 JPH0120281B2 (en) 1989-04-14

Family

ID=15950493

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP17290483A Granted JPS6065201A (en) 1983-09-21 1983-09-21 Expansion turbine thrust control device

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS6065201A (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0626301A (en) * 1992-07-08 1994-02-01 Kobe Steel Ltd Expansion turbine
EP1281836A3 (en) * 2001-08-03 2004-01-28 Atlas Copco Energas Gmbh Turbomachine

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0626301A (en) * 1992-07-08 1994-02-01 Kobe Steel Ltd Expansion turbine
EP1281836A3 (en) * 2001-08-03 2004-01-28 Atlas Copco Energas Gmbh Turbomachine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH0120281B2 (en) 1989-04-14

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP4107829B2 (en) Turbomachine
US6957945B2 (en) System to control axial thrust loads for steam turbines
JPH0791760A (en) Magnetic bearing turbine compressor
US7244095B2 (en) Dual pressure Euler steam turbine
JPS6065201A (en) Expansion turbine thrust control device
JPH07259855A (en) Gas bearing turbine with thrust balance chamber
JPS62294701A (en) Expansion turbine thrust control device
JPS6183457A (en) Method and apparatus for monitoring air leakage
Dittmann et al. Direct-transfer preswirl system: a one-dimensional modular characterization of the flow
JPS6050962B2 (en) radial turbine
US11022003B2 (en) Steam turbine exhaust chamber and steam turbine system
Hu et al. Experimental investigation on the influence of bristle lay angle on the leakage characteristics of low hysteresis brush seals
JPH0336122B2 (en)
Kofskey et al. Performance Evaluation of a Two-Stage Axial-Flow Turbine for Two Values of Tip Clearance
Szwarcman et al. Design of aerostatic journal bearings with partially porous walls
Sixsmith et al. A miniature wet turboexpander
Holt et al. Test response of a turbocharger supported on floating ring bearings: Part i—assessment of subsynchronous motions
CN212898632U (en) Expander with pneumatic thrust balancing function
Wong et al. Pivoted-Pad Journal Gas Bearing Performance in Exploratory Operation of Brayton Cycle Turbocompressor
JPH0615809B2 (en) Turbine thrust adjustment device
Jachens Steam Turbines–Their Construction, Selection and Operation
JPH044315A (en) Magnetic bearing device for rotating body
JPH076412B2 (en) Gas turbine combustion temperature control method
SU1257247A1 (en) Method of determining axial effort in turbomachine
JPS62271936A (en) Gas bearing turbine compressor