JPS606786A - Reactor for carbon - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce an amt. of unreacted carbon and obtain hydrogen in high concn., by providing a fluid layer zone as carbon particle circulation area between a combustion zone and a gasification zone and a combustion furnace for unreacted carbon at the bottom of a reactor. CONSTITUTION:Carbon-contg. particles are burned in combustion zone 4 of a reactor 1 and are circulated into a gasification zone 5 for gasification. In the combustion zone 4, air for combustion is fed through a feed opening 11 of a carbon combustion furnace 10. A major portion of the particles at high temp. are fed from the combustion zone 4 into the gasification zone 5 through an overflow path 6 which forms a particle circulation area. In the gasification zone 4, the particles are fluidized for gasification by steam supplied through a feed opening 13 via a dispersing plate 14 produced gas is taken out of the system through an outlet pipe 25. Particles which have undergone reaction in a water gas producing zone 5 are returned from the bottom to the combustion zone 4 through a mobile layer zone 8.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Application of the Invention] The present invention relates to a carbon reaction device capable of producing a high concentration of hydrogen by converting carbon-containing particles into water gas. The invention relates to a carbon reactor suitable for obtaining hydrogen.

- [Background of the Invention] In recent years, the development of high-calorie gasification processes for gasifying coal and ultimately obtaining alternative natural gas has been actively promoted. Broadly speaking, this process consists of three elements: a carbonization furnace, a hydrogenation furnace, and an aqueous furnace. In this process, coal is first carbonized in a carbonization furnace to form a char. This char is then led to a hydrogenation furnace and undergoes a hydrogenation reaction with hydrogen-rich gas from the water-based furnace. This hydrogen-rich gas is obtained by converting unreacted char produced in a hydrogenation furnace into water gas in a water-based furnace. Therefore, it is desirable that the hydrogen concentration at the outlet of a water-based reactor be as high as possible, and for this reason, various studies have been made regarding methods for producing hydrogen in a water-based reactor.

The most common method for producing a water bed in such a water-based reactor is to simultaneously carry out an aqueous reaction and a partial oxidation or combustion reaction in the water-based reactor, and supply all of the gas produced as it is to the hydrogenation reactor. However, this method has the disadvantage that the hydrogen concentration in the produced gas decreases because the produced gas contains CO2 gas produced as a by-product. In addition, in order to increase the hydrogen concentration in the generated gas, a reaction medium such as iron oxide or limestone is used to generate carbon by-product.
The process of separating O and COt is under consideration. In this process, it is possible to increase the total hydrogen concentration in the produced gas, but problems arise due to deterioration of the activity of one reaction medium and powdering, making it difficult to put it into practical use.

On the other hand, if the intralayer carbon concentration is increased in order to increase the hydrogen concentration in the generated gas, the amount of unreacted carbon will increase and the efficiency of the gasifier will decrease. For this reason.

There has been a demand for a carbon reactor that has a high gasifier efficiency and can increase the hydrogen concentration in the produced gas.

[Purpose of the invention]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a carbon reactor that can reduce the amount of unreacted carbon and increase the efficiency of the gasifier while producing aqueous gas with a high hydrogen concentration.

[Summary of the invention]

The present invention divides the inside of the gasifier into a carbon combustion zone and a gasification zone, and separates carbon particles between these zones in order to separate and take out the combustion gas, water-based reaction gas, and grapes generated in the gasifier. By actively circulating the carbon particles, all the heat of the carbon particles can be used effectively, and the entire carbon particle circulation area between each zone is a fluidized bed area, which completely prevents the mixture of combustion gas and aqueous reaction gas, and is useful for the gasification furnace. The unreacted carbon is completely combusted in the lower part of the tank to reduce the total amount of unreacted carbon.

[Embodiments of the invention]

An entire embodiment of the invention is shown in FIG. In FIG. 1, inside a cylindrical gasifier body 1, an inner cylinder 2 and an outer cylinder 3 are provided concentrically with the furnace. The inner side of the inner cylinder 2 is a combustion zone 4. The outer side of the inner cylinder 2 constitutes a gasification zone 5, and the gap between the inner cylinder 2 and the outer cylinder 3 forms an overflow part 6 of carbon particles. The diameter of the gasifier main body l is reduced below the substantially central portion, and the gap between the furnace side wall and the inner cylinder 2 forms a moving bed portion 8. A protrusion with a trapezoidal cross section is provided below the inner cylinder 2 along the furnace side wall, and the protrusion C forms a constriction part 9, and the inside of the furnace below the constriction part 9 becomes a carbon combustion furnace 10. ing.

In such a Hiko gasifier, particles including carbon particles are burned in the combustion zone 4 of one reactor main body 1, circulated through the particles, and gasified in the gasification zone 5.

In combustion zone 4, the desired air necessary for combustion is transferred to carbon combustion furnace 1.
The air is supplied from the air supply port 11 of 0, and the carbon particles are combusted. Most of the particles heated to high temperature by combustion enter the gasification zone 5 from the combustion zone 4 through an overflow section 6 which is a particle circulation section. -After the high-temperature combustion gas has finished heat exchange with the particles in the combustion zone 4, the outer cylinder 3 as a gas separation plate
It passes through the inside of the combustion zone and is exhausted to the outside through the combustion zone outlet pipe 12. Particles entering gasification zone 4 are transferred to steam supply port 1
3 through the distribution plate 14, the generated gas is fluidized and gasified, and the generated gas is extracted from the gasification zone outlet pipe 15 to the outside of the yarn. Particles F reacted in water gasification zone 5
It passes through the entire lower upper moving layer section 8 of the i1 layer and enters the combustion zone 4 again. Note that carbon necessary for gasification is supplied from the carbon particle supply port 16.

At this time, there is a risk of explosion if unreacted oxygen in the combustion zone 4 mixes with particles flowing through the overflow section 6 into the gasification zone 5, so a moving layer of particles is formed in the overflow section 6 to resist the gas flow. to reduce gas contamination. Furthermore, in the moving bed section 8 at the lower part of the gasification zone, a moving layer of particles is formed so that the air supplied to the combustion zone 4 does not mix into the gasification zone 5 from the moving bed section 8, and this gas mixing is completely prevented. .

Therefore, by forming a moving bed sound in the particle circulation sections of the combustion zone and the gasification zone, gas contamination between both reaction zones can be minimized while circulating one particle.

Further, if the amount of carbon in the layer is increased so that the total hydrogen concentration in the generated gas is less than L7, unreacted carbon will increase in the carbon particles flowing down the moving bed section 8. However, this unreacted carbon enters the carbon combustion furnace JO through the throttle section 9, where it is combusted and the combustion heat generated contributes to the gasification efficiency. Therefore, the gasification efficiency can be increased while using a very small amount of carbon loss gel. Ash generated by combustion of carbon is discharged outside the system through an ash discharge port 17.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, according to the present invention, the aqueous reaction and the combustion reaction can be carried out separately in one gasifier, and the gases produced by each reaction can be extracted separately without mixing with each other. Gasket with high hydrogen concentration can be obtained. Furthermore, carbon loss can be reduced even when the total amount of carbon in the layer is increased to obtain a gas with a higher hydrogen concentration.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention. 2...Inner cylinder, 3...Outer cylinder. 4. Combustion zone, 5. Gasification zone. 6゛°゛°゛overflowing fluidized bed), 8...moving bed section. 9. Throttle part, 10... Carbon combustion furnace. Agent Tatsuyuki Unuma 1st 2- death 6. 5,);1no →~15 Ko 4

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] (1) In a carbon reactor equipped with a reactor which is divided into a carbon combustion zone and a carbon gasification zone and circulates carbon particles between these zones, If the carbon particle circulation area between the gasification zone and the entire fluidized bed area is assumed, a combustion furnace 1f is provided at the bottom of the reactor to burn off the unreacted carbon in the reactor. ] l-Characterized carbon reactor. (2. In claim 1, the combustion zone and the gasification zone are partitioned by a cylindrical body provided in a reactor concentrically with the reactor. (3) The carbon reaction device according to claim 1, characterized in that a constriction section is provided below the cylindrical body, and a combustion furnace is provided below the constriction section. .