JPS6077602A - Retarder of automobile - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To compactly and simply construct a retarder by mounting a load resistor connected to the armature coil of a generator for forming the retarder in an exhaust gas system of an engine, in which the retarder is mounted. CONSTITUTION:A flywheel 4 secured to a crankshaft 3 is contained in a flywheel housing 2 provided at the back surface side of an engine 1. A retarder is constructed by providing a rotor of an inductor type generator on the outer periphery of the flywheel 4 and a stator in cases 8 provided at the upper and lower portions of the housing 2. When an operation command is applied, the retarder is operated as the generator, the electromotive force induced in the armature coil is supplied to a load resistor 13, thereby obtaining a brake force. The resistor 13 is disposed in a muffler 16 connected to the end side of an exhaust manifold 15, and composed of a resistance wire wound in a coil shape.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] Kisumi Akira (, 1 Retarder for automatic generators, in particular, the retarder is constructed from a generator with 4Sf, and this generator generates electricity (1 to 1 to In order to absorb the braking force and increase the braking force, the generator coil (1
The present invention relates to an automobile retarder which is connected to a load resistor and converts power generation output into heat using the load resistor.

The retarder conventionally used to brake automobiles uses eddy currents and generates eddy currents in the rotor by rotating a rotor in Wtk'A formed by the C1 stator coil. By doing so, kinetic energy was converted into thermal energy.Such conventional eddy current retarders had the disadvantage that their strength was high.Furthermore, the above[
Since the engine is equipped with fins for the cold 741, even if the braking is not tj The vacancy is i
ljtsu Iko.

In view of these problems, photoelectric retarders have been put on the market. This valve space 1 is composed of a retarder-type generator (for example, λ), and its rotor is also used as the flywheel of the engine, so it is equipped with a retarder. However, in conventional retarders of this type, the armature coil of the optoelectronic device that forms the retarder is connected to a load resistor, and the generated output is converted into heat by this load resistor. Therefore, it is necessary to convert this load resistance into a cold one by some means.

Conventionally, water cooling was used for cooling, but
In addition to requiring a large-scale cooling system, such a water cooling system had the problem of lacking reliability. It is also possible to adopt an air cooling system instead of a water cooling system, but if such an air cooling system is adopted, a forced cooling fan is required, which also requires a lot of effort. The disadvantage is that it requires additional equipment.

The present invention has been made in view of these problems, and is highly effective without using a special cooling device.

IX 1=The invention will now be described with reference to illustrative embodiments. 1st
The figure shows an engine 1 equipped with a retarder according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and the engine 1 is composed of, for example, a diesel engine. A flywheel housing 2 is provided on the rear side of the engine 1, and a flywheel 4 fixed to the crankshaft V 1-3 is housed in the housing 2.
C (see Figure 2). Furthermore, a transmission 5 is arranged on the back side of the flywheel housing 2.
1. Change the rotation speed of engine 1 to an appropriate value and transmit it to the drive wheels via Propexi 1771-6. It's starting to look like this.

Next, to describe the structure of the retarder installed in this engine 1, as shown in FIG.
Inductor vA poles 7 are provided at a predetermined pitch along the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral surface of the flywheel 4 housed inside. Then, this magnetic pole 7 is heated to 1ζ flywheel 4
But FK t9 T 'I'! It constitutes the rotor of a generator, and this generator constitutes the retarder of an automobile. There are cases 8 on the top and bottom of the housing 2, respectively.
A stator of an inductor type generator is housed in the case 8.

As shown in FIG. 13, this stator includes a plurality of ball cores 9 arranged in the circumferential direction of the flywheel 4. The lower end of the ball core 9 faces the inductor magnetic pole 7 through a small air gap, and the upper end thereof is fixed to the bell plate of the case 8 via the stator yoke 10. And ball: 1a 9 has a via coil 11
and field coil 12 are respectively wound. Na a3
The armature coil 11 is wound across two ball cores 9, while the field coil 12 is wound one around each ball 179.

The ff that constitutes the drying stator and is housed in the case 8
The faJl child coil 11 has a load resistance 1 as shown in FIG.
3 is connected. This load resistor 13 is cooled by the air gas of the engine 1.
fwa #')] +71 air manifold 14 is connected to the 1-1 air port 1- of the cylinder head of carrot 1, and 'Cd
3. In addition, the exhaust pipe 15 is attached to the 1st air manifold 14.
is connected to C. A muffler 16 is connected to the end side of this JJI temperament 15, and a load resistor 13 is housed in this muffler 16 as shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, the muffler 16
It is made up of a resistance wire wound into a coil inside the exhaust gas, and is cooled when it comes into contact with exhaust gas.

Next, the operation of this automatic retarder with the above configuration will be explained. For example, when an automatic vehicle is going down a long slope, the driver's seat or tarda switch is activated. As shown in FIG. 2, current flows from the battery 25 to the field coil 12 of this inductor type generator via the controller 24, and the coil 2 is excited. As shown in FIG. 3, the field coil 12 has a ball
At the same time, a pair of ballniers J 9 around which a common electric r coil 11 is wound are magnetized in opposite directions to each other.
Magnetize so that the poles are opposite to 7. Therefore, the dotted line in Figure 3 shows the smaller J: Una 1 Aiki 1r!
” road 22 is formed, against which the nosy wheel 4 is formed.
When the inductor magnetic pole 7 rotates and moves at an angle corresponding to the pitch of the ball core 9, a magnetic circuit 23 is formed as shown by the .tau. chain line C in FIG. 3.

The magnetic flux passing through these magnetic circuits 22 and 23 is interlinked with the electric machine rI 11 and -6, and the direction of the magnetic flux passing through the two magnetic circuits 22 and 23 is reversed to (l). Therefore, the change in magnetic flux here i;-,,l,)
(An electromotive force is induced in the electric machine r -+-

This means that the engine 1 or the vehicle drives the flywheel 4, and at this time, the work that can be done from the outside absorbs torque, and the braking horn is reduced by 1!1. In order to generate electricity from a type generator, ``, -) (vehicle receives a restraining force 1) and becomes decelerated 1, -f
(The photoelectric output of this place is Ω6; 1 resistance 13 (JJ,)
(Heat steals 8 (dA is spent.

(0 and 1 resistance of ``+ 3 + a small in Figure 4 J: sea urchin +
It is connected to the end side of the Jl + L; Therefore, the heat of this resistor 13 is taken away by the exhaust gas 131 emitted by the engine 1, and the cold N1 is turned off.Generally, when the retarder is activated, the accelerator pedal is not depressed at all and Jj is not activated. , ], the fuel supplied to engine 1 is practically zero. Therefore, the heat dissipation period from engine 1 is small, and the gas starvation Iσ is extremely 11 (<
Natsu (there is. Furthermore, this negative φη IIX anti-i 31113
7. It is placed in a muffler 10 connected to the distal end of the trachea 15. Rinawara 0 Sen resistance 13 is 111 Ki type popularity/+
Since Q ilt nli is placed near J, -) 1, the temperature of iJl gas is J, lower, iC 1, so this 3J, according to such a configuration, f4 constraint. Resistor 13 is connected to I-minute by IJI gas tlr 7
The automatic retarder according to the present embodiment has a rotation f lfi of 4f, 1 or more when it is subjected to JI,
41-1 is constructed from an inductor type photoelectric generator + El which is also used as one wheel 1 of engine 1 (Jj), and the braking force is generated by the 1 to 1 lux that this generator absorbs when it generates electricity. By performing photoelectricity, the load resistor 13 converts one electric energy into heat and generates heat, but at this time the f1 resistor 13 is cooled by the exhaust gas of the engine 1. Therefore, there is no need for special four-unit cooling equipment, and there is no need to take measures against heat generated by the load resistor 13.

Therefore, it becomes possible to configure the retarder of the C automatic i17 more compactly.

'Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be explained with reference to FIGS. 6 to 8. In this embodiment, the same reference numerals are given to the parts corresponding to those in the first embodiment, and the explanation of the parts with the same structure is omitted in C-8. I am referring to the explanation of J.

The feature of this second embodiment is that the IJI trachea 15 has a bifurcated Buddha 1.
7 is provided, and a resistance box 18 is connected to this branch pipe 17. Then, inside this resistance box 18, a load resistor '1; 3 connected to the armature coil 11 of the retarder constituting the retarder is placed. Furthermore, in this example, JJC has 11 trachea 15
and the artificial part of the branch pipe 17 (J).

In the above configuration, when driving normally without using this retarder, open the switching valve 19 and close the switching valve 20 on the branch pipe 17 side, as shown in FIG. Nizuru. , the solute gas generated by the engine 1 passes through the branch pipe 17
It will be led from the trachea 15 to the muffler 16, and will be released during the popular season. On the other hand, if the braking force is increased without operating the retarder, the switching valve 19 is closed as shown in Fig. 7, and the switching valve 20 on the branch pipe 17 side is opened, and the engine The exhaust gas subjected to the C light is guided through the branch pipe 17 to the resistor 11 (resistor 18), and due to the initial gas, the negative resistor Ji' inside the C resistor box 18 is
I'm using L13 as a cold fjf. <Cooling the resistor 13 in the I'J3 resistance box 18] The ill gas passes through the trachea 15, passes through the muffler 16, and is discharged to the outside.

This J: Uni Honji/II! ! In the automatic retarder according to the example, since exhaust gas does not pass through the resistance box 18 in which the load resistor 13 is housed during normal driving, carbon may accumulate on the load resistor 13 or the exhaust gas This can prevent corrosion caused by Furthermore, during normal driving, the 43C is because the branch pipe 17 is closed by the switching valve 20, and the valve 19 is closed so that the exhaust gas is directly discharged from the IJI trachea 15. According to this embodiment, as shown in FIG. By closing the pair of switching valves 19 and 20 installed in the valves 17 and 17, the air system υ1 of the engine 1 can be closed, thereby operating the exhaust spray 4. Therefore, it is also possible to selectively use braking by the retarder and all!JJ by the 1st brake.

-) Modifications of the second embodiment will now be described with reference to FIGS. 9 to 11. Also in this modification, the second
The same No. 71 is given to the parts corresponding to the embodiment, and the explanation of the parts having the same structure is omitted. This modification features a pair of switching valves 19.20
Instead, a single three-way switching valve 21 is used, and this valve 21 is connected to and covers the branch portion between the exhaust pipe 15 and the branch pipe 17.

Even in such a modified example, the 9th
As shown in the figure, communication between the exhaust pipe 15 and the branch pipe 17 is cut off, so that the exhaust gas is directly communicated from the u1 trachea 15 to the muffler 16. On the other hand, when operating the retarder, the three-way switching valve 21 is switched as shown in FIG. ,,: IJ1 gas is caused to flow from the IJ+trachea 15 to the branch pipe 17 side to cool the load resistor 13 in the resistance box 1ε3. When the Iζ1 exhaust brake is to be operated, this 3h direction switching valve 21 is switched as shown in FIG. 11, so that the exhaust system is turned to rJlw. Therefore, even in this J-shape modified example, it is possible to achieve substantially the same effects as in the second embodiment.

As described above, the present invention provides (-1℃i 1i(ti
This retarder is attached to the exhaust system of an engine from which this retarder is removed, and fl+'l %) This relates to an automobile retarder in which the load resistance is reduced by the engine exhaust gas at 1 o'clock. . According to the invention, therefore, a special cold 1,! It is now possible to effectively remove the load resistance connected to the armature coil that constitutes the retarder without requiring a single system, and the retarder can be constructed in a compact and simple manner. It becomes possible.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a retarder according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
1 is a side view of the second engine, Figure 2 is a perspective view of the same retarder, and Figure 3 is an enlarged vertical view of the stator of the same retarder.
i-side view, Figure 4 is a side view of the cooling device of the same retarder,
Fig. 5 is an enlarged sectional view of the same essential parts, Fig. 6 is a front view of a 7-71Jl lock of an automatic retarder according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and Figs. 7 and 8 are this cold 7JI lock. '! Figure 9 is a side view of a cold 7JI device for an automobile retarder according to a modification of the second embodiment, and Figures 10a3 and 11 are the same. FIG. 3 is a side view in an operating state. In addition, the symbols used in the drawings are η, 2...Flywheel Reno\・Nging 4...
...Flywheel 7...Inductor 1i4 Se9...Ball core 11 ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Armature -1 Ile 1
2... Field coil 13... Load resistor 15... Exhaust pipe 16... Muffler 17... Branch pipe 18... ...Resistance box 19.20---Switching bar J! v 'J21...
・3-way switching 1<l rev.

Claims (1)

[Claims] The retarder is composed of a photoelectric machine, which absorbs the torque applied from the outside when this r8 generator generates electricity.
A load resistor is connected to the armature coil of the generator, and J3 is connected to the retarder which converts the power generation nozzle into heat. An automobile characterized in that the retarder is installed in the air system of the engine, and the load resistance is cooled by the engine's 171 air gas during braking. retarder.