JPS607926B2 - Water purification equipment for rivers, etc. - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a water purification device for natural flowing water such as a river.

Purification of river water occupies an extremely important position in Japan's water environment, and various attempts are being made to purify river water.

The methods for purifying river water are as follows: - Pump up river water, run it through a purification device, and return the clear water to the river.

(b) Dividing river water and guiding it to an oxidation pond, and returning the clear water to the river after oxidation treatment.

C. Purify river water as it flows naturally.

There are other methods.

A and B are indirect purification methods, and C is a direct purification method.

However, rivers have a large volume of water, and even if a large amount of river water is purified using the methods described above, it requires a huge amount of mechanical equipment and space, and it has little effect on highly polluted river water. It is something. In particular, rivers flowing through urban areas have become particularly polluted in recent years, making it difficult for fish to grow, and although the necessity of purification is fully recognized from aesthetic and environmental hygiene perspectives, it is difficult to actually carry out purification. Due to the difficulty of cleaning, there is no record of purification in actual rivers. Furthermore, Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 49-149378 describes the separation of suspended solids dispersed in liquids such as waterways.
One or more filtering members are arranged at a predetermined oblique angle with respect to the liquid flow direction in a part of the flow path in which the flow of the liquid to be treated is rectified as much as possible. We have proposed a device that separates solid suspended substances by arranging sonic vibrators to act on them to form a sound silk.

In this device, the liquid is filtered by the filtering member, and the acting force of the vector sum of the energy of the flow of solid suspended solids remaining in the filtering member and the ultrasonic vibration energy (the inclination angle of the filtering member and the way the ultrasonic waves are applied) is used. (by flotation) or coagulation and sedimentation.

This device uses a method in which the flow path is blocked by a filtering member, and the entire liquid flow is treated with the filtering member, so it has various drawbacks that make it unsuitable for water purification of natural flowing water such as river water. There is.

In other words, (a) Preventing the swimming movement of fish, etc. from upstream to downstream, and from downstream to upstream.

(b) For example, when solids are coagulated and precipitated, suspended solids coagulate and precipitate in the lower part in front of the filter member, but since the filter member is located at the bottom of the waterway, the liquid flow causes the filter member to The lower part is prone to clogging, which impedes the flow of liquid and may even stop the flow.As a result, the liquid flow will flow above the furnace, reducing the efficiency of the furnace. .

Furthermore, the filter member is likely to be damaged by the coagulated and precipitated solids. It had the following drawbacks.

An object of the present invention is to provide a water purification device that purifies running water such as a river in a natural water stream, filters and precipitates impurities in the water stream, and allows clear water to flow.

The present invention also provides a water flow path having a side wall and a water bottom;
A plurality of partition plates that are submerged in the water surface are provided in the water flow path at intervals in the water flow direction, and the upper end of the water flow path that is partitioned by the partition plates is located above the upstream partition plate. A water purification device for rivers, etc., comprising a plurality of slanted filter plates whose lower ends are lower than the upper ends of the partition plates and are spaced apart from the downstream partition plate and the water bottom. It is.

The present invention will be explained in detail below based on the drawings.

FIGS. 1 and 2 show a plan view and a cross-sectional view from the side of an apparatus showing an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in the figures, a flowing water path divided by a side wall 1 and a water bottom 2 in natural flowing water is shown. 3
Set up.

A plurality of partition plates 4 are installed at intervals in the water flow path 3 so as to face each other in the water flow direction. These partition plates 4 are erected on the water bottom 2, their upper ends are below the water surface, and both sides reach the side walls 1. This side wall 1 is formed of a metal plate, a plastic plate, a concrete plate, etc., and its upper end is located above the partition plate 4. However, if the entire width of the river is used as the water flow path 3, the quay walls of both sides of the bank can be used as side walls. An inclined furnace plate 5 is installed between adjacent partition plates 4.

The furnace plate 5 is made of a sturdy rectangular frame made of metal or plastic and covered with a furnace cloth, and one end is located between the both side walls 1 near or above the water surface at the upstream partition plate 4. The pond side is located in the water at a lower level than the upper end of the partition plate 4 and at a distance from the downstream side partition plate 4 and the water bottom 2, and is inclined. A small partition plate 6 having approximately the same height as 4 is provided protrudingly to form an upward flow path 7 between the downstream side partition plate 4 and the small partition plate 6.
The furnace cloth is made of synthetic fibers such as non-woven fabrics, woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, etc. Natural fibers, inorganic fibers, carbon fibers, etc. can be used, but all of them must have good water passage. Requires. For example, one or more types of synthetic fibers such as polyamide, aromatic polyamide, polyimide, polyester tovinylon, acrylic, polypropylene, vinyl chloride, and vinylidene chloride are used, and natural fibers, inorganic fibers, and carbon fibers are used in combination with these synthetic fibers. It is also possible to do so. In particular, when polypropylene nonwoven fabric is used as a furnace cloth, suspended solids (S) in water are simply
It is effective not only for removing S) but also for removing oil floating in water. It is a good idea to make it possible to replace this furnace cloth. Moreover, the small partition plate 6 can also be omitted. The water bottom 2 on which the partition plate 4 is erected may be a natural bottom of a river, or may be formed by pouring concrete to form a flat surface.

Further, the water bottom 2 is made of a metal bottom plate, side walls 1 are integrally erected on both sides of the bottom plate, and partition plates 4 are installed oppositely on the bottom slope between both ends of the side walls 1 at a lower level than the side walls 1. A furnace plate 5 may be provided between the partition plates 4 to form an integrated device. Such a device makes it easy to move and install. The water bottom 2 may be flat, and may promote the settling of suspended solids (SS) in the flowing water, as shown by the chain line in Fig.
In order to facilitate the concentration of water, a slope 8 may be formed at the bottom of the water, and a concave groove 9 may also be formed.

The furnace plate 5 may be fixed in an inclined manner, but the angle of inclination may be variable depending on the flow rate of river water, for example, with the upper side of the furnace plate 5 as a fulcrum.

Further, the furnace plate 5 can be freely adjusted up and down. Water quality purification of river water and the like can be carried out by flowing river water through the apparatus of the present invention.

That is, when the water flow of the river enters the flowing water path 3 between the side walls 1, the flowing water is introduced from between the upstream partition plate 4 and the furnace plate 5,
It collides with the furnace plate 5. Through this furnace plate 5, the flowing water is forced to flow downward due to the complicated slope, and a part of the water passes through the furnace plate 5, and suspended solids (SS), oil, etc. in the water are captured by the furnace plate 5 and converted into purified water. It flows. Suspended solids (SS) contained in the downward flowing water are promoted to settle and increase the pollutant level of the water at the bottom. Here, contaminants with heavy specific gravity sink, and purified water with reduced contaminants rises, passes over the partition plate 4, and flows downstream together with the clean water that has passed through the furnace plate 5. As shown in Figure 2, if the velocity of river water is V, then
The flow velocity between the partition plate 4 and the furnace plate 5 is V per minute.

The pollutant particles have a settling velocity W and settle in the direction of the Earth's gravity. Since the minute velocity V is a downward flow, it promotes the settling of pollutants. Therefore, pollutants with heavy specific gravity are difficult to rise against gravity, but water with light specific gravity rises, and only clear water flows out and only pollutants are accumulated. The deposited pollutants can be periodically sucked up and removed using a vacuum pump or the like.

Since the device of the present invention is provided with two or more furnace plates 5 (that is, three or more partition plates 4), this allows the above purification system to be repeated, thereby further improving water quality purification. can.

A plurality of partition plates 4 and furnace plates 5 are installed in series, and as the number of partition plates 4 and furnace plates 5 increases, the water flow containing pollutants repeats downward and upward flow, making the flow channel longer and the water flow slower. BO promotes the digestion of organic substances by bacteria, etc.
D, COD, etc. can also be improved.

As described above, the device of the present invention has a partition plate and an inclined furnace plate sewn together in the running water path, thereby allowing the flowing water to flow uniformly and separating the water flow passing through the source plate and the furnace plate. The water stream containing suspended solids is divided into water streams containing suspended solids (solids) that do not pass through, and the water stream containing suspended solids is made to flow downward along the furnace plate and is suspended by passing between the lower end of the furnace plate and the water bottom. The purified water flow, which promotes coagulation and sedimentation of suspended solids and becomes thinner, becomes an upward flow, merges with the water flow that has passed through the furnace plate, and overflows the next partition plate. By repeatedly applying it, the quality of running water is purified in a uniform flow of water.

The device of the present invention has the following features: (i) Since there is an opening between the furnace plate and the water bottom, fish can freely swim from upstream to downstream and from downstream to upstream.

(b) Even if the river water increases due to rainwater, etc., the pollution of the river water increases significantly, or the flow speed increases, the water flow is secured between the furnace plate and the bottom of the water, so the water flow will not be impeded.

In addition, even if sand or the like settles, the furnace plate will not be damaged. C. In running water containing organic sludge, the flow of polluted water repeats downward and upward flow, which not only makes it easier to coagulate and settle, but also makes the path longer and the flow slower, resulting in organic matter caused by bacteria, fungi, etc. Since it promotes digestion, it can also improve BOD, COD, etc.

D. By using a polypropylene non-woven fabric as the base material of the furnace plate, the furnace plate can efficiently collect not only the settled and thick suspended particles flowing on or near the water surface, but also floating oil, etc. be able to.

E. Easy maintenance.

It has other excellent features and effects.

Next, examples of the present invention will be described.

FIG. 3 is a side sectional view showing an outline of the apparatus used in the embodiment of the present invention.

In the same figure, arrows indicate water flow, and ■, ■, ■, ■・
......,■,,■indicate water quality measurement points.

After this device was installed in the river, water was sampled for the first time two hours later, and water was sampled for the second time six hours later for water quality testing. Test items include PH, SS, D○, BOD, COD, n-hexane, etc. The furnace cloth used for the furnace plate was a polypropylene nonwoven fabric (trade name: Toughnel, manufactured by Mitsui Petrochemical Co., Ltd.). Table 1 shows the test results obtained during the first and second tests using the following analysis method.

Table 1 Analysis method According to PH・JISK OI02 8.

According to SS/Environment Agency Notification No. 64 GEP Law.

D○・According to JIS K OI0224.3. B.O.D.・
According to JIS K OI0216. COD・JISK
According to OI0213. n-Hexane/Environment Agency Notification No. 64
By liquid-liquid extraction method.

Analysis of Measured Values When the SS (9/Z) of each measurement point of the first measurement and the second measurement is assigned to the measurement position, Tables 2 and 3 are obtained.

Table 2 In the same table, ■, ■, ■, ■, ..., ■, ■ indicate the position of ■, ■, ■, ■, ......, ■, ■ in Figure 4, and the numbers in parentheses are This is the measured value of SS (Yield 9/〆).

As a result, SS
It was found that the concentration of
A clear decrease in SS is seen in →■, ■→■, and ■→■. It can be seen that although there is some dilution due to reactor water at points ■, ■, and ■, SS is efficiently sedimented and concentrated at points ■, ■, ■, and ■. Table 4 is obtained when the concentration ratio is calculated in the process of ■→■.

Table 4 This makes the concentration obvious.

This enrichment factor was calculated across each section in Tables 2 and 3.
It is shown in These values show 1.23-1.41. In addition, the cleanliness ratio is calculated in the process of ■→■.

Dividing the SS concentration of (2) by the SS concentration of (2) yields 0.748 for the first time and 0.748 for the second time. Similarly, Table 2
, the cleanliness ratio of each section is determined from Table 3 and is 0.56.
It shows a value of ~0.748. The purification ratio of the entire device of this embodiment is calculated as follows: 1st time = 0. 620 salmon times = 0.625
becomes. This value indicates a flow rate of 0.42 to 0.43 skin/sec.
This is a major accomplishment. Also, the time to pass through this device is t = (140 x 5 x Yamaga) = 17
．． It is about 10,000 sand in 67Sec4Chiga/sec).

4 and 5 are blots of SS and 80D of the measurement results shown in Table 1 with respect to the measurement positions.

In purifying river water, BOD concentration is an issue as well as SS concentration, and the following formula is set for this BOD concentration.

D=D.

e-(k, river 3)t where, D=BOD concentration k, = oxygen removal coefficient k3 = BOD reduction coefficient due to precipitation means.

The larger the value of k, k3, the more improvement in BOD can be expected, and according to the present invention, as the value of k3 increases, the value of k, k3 becomes extremely large.

The values of k and k3 vary depending on the river conditions, but are usually 0.
While the value was 0.05 to 0.51/d, the present invention succeeded in obtaining a value of 501'd. According to the present invention described above, it is possible to purify and clarify water in natural flowing water of a river, efficiently remove SS from flowing water, and at the same time, BOO
, COD can be reduced.

In particular, sedimented and thick suspended particles, floating oil, etc. in the flowing water can be collected by the furnace plate, and the purification efficiency is good.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a plan view of the device of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a sectional view seen from the same side, Fig. 3 is a side sectional view showing an outline of the device used in the embodiment of the present invention, and Figs. 4 and 5. is a plot diagram at measurement points of SS concentration and 80D concentration based on Examples. In the figure, 1 is a side wall, 2 is a water bottom, 3 is a flowing water path, 4 is a partition plate, 5 is a furnace plate, 6 is a small partition plate, and 7 is an upward flow path. Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A running water path having a side wall and a water bottom, a plurality of partition plates provided in the running water path at intervals in the water flow direction and submerged in the water surface, and a running water path provided in the running water path divided by the partition plates. A river, etc., characterized by comprising a plurality of slanted filter plates, the upper end of which is located above the upstream partition plate, the lower end of which is located at a position lower than the upper end of the partition plate, and which is spaced apart from the downstream partition plate and the water bottom. water purification equipment.