JPS6089645A - Absorption heat pump - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Application of the Invention] The present invention relates to an absorption heat pump, and more particularly to an absorption heat pump suitable for facilitating switching between cooling and heating to save energy.

[Background of the invention]

In general, absorption heat pumps are often used as air conditioners for air conditioners such as Pills because of their low power consumption and quiet operation.

Conventionally, most of this type of absorption heat pump uses a water-lithium bromide solution, and this cycle is as shown in FIG.

That is, a regenerator 2 is provided which separates a dilute solution into a concentrated solution and a refrigerant vapor using a burner 1.
A condenser 3 is connected to which condenses the separated refrigerant vapor into liquid refrigerant. The liquid refrigerant obtained by the condenser 3 is sent to the evaporator 5 via the pressure reducing valve 4, where it performs a cooling effect by removing latent heat of vaporization. An absorber 6 is connected to the evaporator 5, and the absorber 6 supplies a dilute solution obtained by absorbing the refrigerant vapor in the evaporator 5 to the regenerator 2 under pressure using a pongua. The concentrated solution separated by the evaporator 5 is introduced into the evaporator 5 to absorb refrigerant vapor from the evaporator 5 at a high capacity.

A solution is provided between the absorber 6 and the regenerator 2 to achieve heat economy by exchanging heat between the high temperature concentrated solution separated by the regenerator 2 and the low temperature dilute solution fed by the absorber 6. heat exchanger 8
has been established. Here, a cooling water circuit 9 is connected to each of the condenser 3 and absorber 6 in order to condense the refrigerant vapor, and as shown in the figure, the cooling water is passed through the absorber 6 to the regenerator 2. Heat is removed from the concentrated solution that is separated and passed through a solution heat exchanger 8, and then heat is removed from the high-temperature separated refrigerant vapor that is passed through a condenser 3. In the case of air conditioning, the hot water obtained by heat absorption is led to a cooling tower or the like. Also, in the case of heating, this hot water is used as is. In this way, thermal efficiency can be improved.

On the other hand, from the viewpoint that the above-mentioned absorption heat pump using a water-lithium bromide solution cannot achieve a low temperature below 0°C, a structure using an ammonia-water solution or a fluorocarbon-organic ether solution is used. Things are also known. This is because the solution used is closer to the boiling point of the refrigerant and absorbent than the water-lithium bromide solution mentioned above (boiling point difference is about 20%).
(0°C, 500°C for water-lithium bromide), special consideration is required. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, in the regenerator 2,
It is necessary to provide the distiller 10 and the dephlegmator 11 above which the dilute solution fed under pressure from the absorber 6 flows to increase the purity of the refrigerant vapor to be separated. .

In such an absorption heat pump, the rectifier 10 and the decentralizer 1
Although there is a disadvantage that 1 is necessary, on the other hand, the viscosity of the solution is low (117p or less, 20 cps for water-lithium bromide), there is no worry of crystallization, and it can be operated even at subzero temperatures. Research and development is being carried out due to its many advantages.

However, in absorption heat pumps using any solution, the absorber 6 used in these heat pumps is of the shell and tube type, cod liquid type, multi-tube type, etc., so it can only function as an absorber. There wasn't. Therefore, when performing cooling and heating operations, there is a drawback that separate equipment is required for each of the cooling cycle and the heating cycle.

[Purpose of the invention]

The present invention has focused on such conventional drawbacks, and aims to provide an absorption heat pump that can be used for both cooling and heating operations by making the equipment more compact and allowing the equipment to be used in common.

[Summary of the invention]

In order to achieve the above object, the absorption heat pump according to the present invention is capable of switching between a refrigerant circuit and a solution circuit, and uses double pipes in the heat exchanger to which the heating and cooling load circuit is connected, so that the equipment can be shared. It is structured so that it can be

With this configuration, the equipment can be shared, so the equipment itself can be made smaller even if it is used for both cooling and heating operations.

[Embodiments of the invention] Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

FIG. 3 is a system diagram showing an embodiment of the absorption heat pump according to the present invention.

The symbol 31 in the figure is a burner, and the burner 31 is a regenerator 32.
1, this regenerator 32 heats the dilute solution 100 and generates cylinder pressure strainer r&200H and high temperature steam 3
It can be separated into 00 and 00. This concentrated solution 20
0H exchanges heat with the dilute solution 100 in the solution heat exchanger 33 and is converted into 200 L of low-pressure concentrated solution in the first pressure reducing valve 35. Pipe lines 36H and 36L through which these concentrated solutions 200H and 200L pass
constitutes part of the solution circuit. Further, numeral 37 is a first heat exchanger, 38 is a second heat exchanger, 39 is a heat exchanger for heating/cooling load, 40 is a subcooler, and 41 is a solution circulation system that boosts the pressure of the low-pressure dilute solution and returns it to the regenerator 32. Pump, 42.4.3.4
4 and 45 are the first check valve, second reverse valve, third check valve and fourth check valve, 4G and 47 are the second pressure reducing valve and third pressure reducing valve, 48, 49, 50 and 51 are first three-way valve,
Second three-way valve, third three-way valve and fourth three-way valve, 52.53
and 54 are a first on-off valve, a second on-off valve, and a third on-off valve. These valves are for switching between the solution circuit and the refrigerant circuit.

Thus, the piping line 36 is connected to the first check valve 42 , the second on-off valve 53 , and the third three-way valve 50 .

One end of the first heat exchanger 37 is connected to the third three-way valve 50, and the other end of the first heat exchanger 37 is connected to the absorption port side of the pump 41 via the first three-way valve 48. It is connected to one end of the coil of the cooler 40. The other end of the coil of the supercooler 40 is connected to a heating and cooling load heat exchanger 39.

This supercooler 40 has one end connected to a third check valve 44 and a third
The second heat exchanger 3 is connected to the second heat exchanger 3 through a parallel arrangement of pressure reducing valves 47.
8 and the third three-way valve 50. The other end of the second heat exchanger 38 is connected to the rectifier 34 and the fourth three-way valve 5 through a second three-way valve 49 and a fourth check valve, and is connected to the coil of the supercooler 40. connected to one end. One end of the coil of this supercooler 40 is connected to the piping path 36 through a first on-off valve 52 and a first check valve 42 .

The second on-off valve 53 is connected to the fourth three-way valve 51 and one end of the heating and cooling load circuit heat exchanger 39. The other end of this heating and cooling load circuit heat exchanger 39 is connected to the suction of the pump 41 via a third on-off valve 54 .

The heat exchanger 39 has a double pipe 55 disposed inside thereof, and an air conditioning load circuit 56 is connected to the outer pipe of the double pipe 55.
The load circuit 56 is connected to flow the fluid for the purpose, one end of the inner pipe of the pipe 55 is connected to the fourth three-way valve 51, and the other end of the inner pipe of the pipe 55 is connected to the second check valve 43. and a second pressure reducing valve 46 connected in parallel to the other end of the supercooler 40. The load circuit 56 is provided with an indoor unit 57 .

The operation of the absorption heat pump configured in this way will be explained.

FIG. 4 is a cycle diagram showing the case where the absorption heat pump is used for heating operation.

8144The valves (44, 48, 49, 51, 52
, 53 and 54), valves that are filled in black indicate that they are closed, and those that are not filled in indicate that they are open.

The dilute solution 100 in the regenerator 32 heated by the burner 31 is converted into a high-pressure concentrated solution 200H and a vapor refrigerant 30 in the regenerator 32.
It is separated into 0 and 0. For concentrated solution 200H, solution heat exchanger 3
3, it exchanges heat with the dilute solution 100, is depressurized by the pressure reducing valve 34, passes through the on-off valve 53 which is open during heating operation, and enters the cooling/heating load heat exchanger 39 which acts as an absorber. It is produced in the regenerator 34, rectified in the rectifier 34, absorbs vapor refrigerant, and becomes 100 L of dilute solution. This dilute solution 100L is pressurized by the solution circulation pump 41, exchanges heat with the concentrated solution 200H in the solution heat exchanger 33, passes through the rectifier 34, and returns to the regenerator 32.

On the other hand, the vapor refrigerant 300 exits the regenerator 32 and enters the rectifier 34.
21 pipe 55 installed in the heat exchanger 39 condenses the absorbed liquid that evaporated together and becomes a vapor refrigerant with higher purity, which acts as a condenser via the fourth three-way valve 51.
to go into. The refrigerant that has been condensed and turned into a liquid passes through the second check valve 43 and enters the first and second heat converters 37 and 38 which act as evaporators in the subcooler 40.
The refrigerant exchanges heat with the vapor refrigerant obtained in step 1, is depressurized by a pressure reducing valve 47, and enters first and second heat exchangers 37 and 38, which are divided into two and function as evaporators. Here, the vaporized refrigerant is returned to one circuit through the first and second three-way valves 48 and 49, and heat exchange is performed in the subcooler 40, which acts as an absorber. It enters the exchanger 39. Here, the silver coming from the regenerator 32 is depressurized by the pressure reducing valve 34 and absorbed into 200 L of silver solution.

FIG. 5 is a cycle diagram showing the case where the absorption heat pump is used for cooling operation. In this figure as well, the parts shaded in black by the valves indicate that they are closed.

In the fifth section, during the cooling operation, the double pipe 55 and the heat exchanger 39, which were operating as a condenser and an absorber during the heating operation, are operated as an evaporator, and the heat exchanger, which was operating as an evaporator, is operated as an evaporator. The vessel 38 acts as a condenser, and the heat exchanger 37 likewise acts as an absorber.

The fertilized solution 200H discharged from the regenerator 32 is depressurized by the pressure reducing valve 34 to become a low-pressure silver solution 200L, which enters the first heat exchanger 37 functioning as an absorber. At this time, 200 L of concentrated solution enters the heat exchanger 37 as an absorber through the three-way valve 50 because the on-off valve 53 is closed and the check valve 42 is present. The vapor refrigerant is absorbed in the heat exchanger 37 as an absorber, and returns to the regenerator 32 through the three-way valve 48, solution circulation pump 41, and solution heat exchanger 33.

The vapor refrigerant 300 exits the regenerator 34 and passes through the fourth three-way valve 51
is closed, the refrigerant passes through the fourth check valve 45 and the second three-way valve 49, enters the heat exchanger 38 that functions as a condenser, radiates heat, and becomes liquid refrigerant.

Then, it passes through the reverse valve 44, exchanges heat with the vapor refrigerant in the subcooler 40, is depressurized in the second pressure reducing tank 46, and enters the heat exchanger 39 as an evaporator. Here, the refrigerant that has become a gas-liquid passes through the fourth triangular box 51, enters the heat exchanger 39 as an evaporator 9, and enters the supercooler 40 as a basic vapor refrigerant. Here, heat exchange is performed with the liquid refrigerant, and the first on-off valve 52 and the first
The heat 9 passes through the check valve 42 and enters the exchanger 37 as an absorber, where it is absorbed into 200 L of concentrated solution.

Cooling operation is performed in this way.

The double pipe 55 used in the heat exchanger 39 shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 has a double pipe structure as shown in FIG. 6.

During heating operation, as shown in the table below, the outer surface of the outer tube 55 acts as an absorber and the inside of the inner tube acts as a condenser, so the outer tube and inner tube Hot water is obtained by recovering the heat of absorption and the heat of condensation.

Furthermore, by performing the cooling operation using the cooling/heating switching means, the heat exchanger 39, which has been operating as an absorber and a condenser, now functions as an evaporator. That is,
As shown in the table below, the liquid refrigerant evaporates inside the inner pipe of the double pipe 55 and becomes a gas-liquid mixed refrigerant, and the liquid refrigerant evaporates on the outer surface of the outer pipe and becomes a vapor refrigerant. Cold water from which the heat of evaporation has been recovered is obtained between the outer tube and the inner tube of the double tube 55.

This embodiment operates as described above and has the following advantages.

(1) There is no need to provide separate cycles for cooling and heating, which saves resources and space.

(2) Since the role of the heat exchanger can be changed during cooling and heating operations, only one series of cooling and heating load circuits is required.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to share a heat exchanger used as an evaporator and a condenser, so there is an effect that the main body of the device can be downsized.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a system diagram showing a water-lithium bromide absorption heat pump, Figure 2 is a system diagram showing a fluorocarbon-organic ether absorption heat pump, and Figure 3 is an example of an absorption heat pump according to the present invention. Figure 4 is a cycle diagram to explain the operation of the absorption heat pump during heating operation, and Figure 5 is a cycle diagram to explain the operation of the absorption heat pump during cooling operation. 6 are sectional views showing the detailed structure of the double pipe used in the same embodiment. 31... Burner, 32... Regenerator, 33... Bath liquid heat exchanger, 34... Nitrator, 35.46 and 47.
... 1st, 2nd and 3rd decompression tank, 37 and 38...
・First and second heat exchangers, 39...heat exchanger for heating load circuit, 40...supercooler, 42.43 and 4
4...1st, 2nd and 3rd statement, 48.49.5
0 and 51...first, second, third and fourth three-way valves, 52.53 and 54...first, second and third on-off valves. Agent Tatsuyuki Unuma (and 1 other person)

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] (1) A regenerator that heats a dilute solution and separates it into a concentrated solution and high-temperature vapor, a condenser that condenses the high-temperature vapor into a liquid refrigerant, and a pressure reducing valve that converts the liquid refrigerant into a liquid refrigerant. an evaporator that converts the low-pressure refrigerant into low-pressure vapor; a concentrated solution from the regenerator is converted into a low-pressure concentrated solution using a pressure reducing valve; and the low-pressure concentrated solution absorbs the low-pressure vapor from the evaporator. In an absorption heat pump that includes an absorber that produces a low-pressure dilute solution, a solution circulation pump that increases the pressure of the low-pressure dilute solution and returns it to the regenerator, and a solution circuit and a refrigerant circuit that connect these devices, the heating and cooling load circuit is The heat exchanger to be connected is equipped with double pipes, and the solution circuit and refrigerant circuit are switched according to the purpose of cooling and heating, and the double pipes are used as an evaporator during cooling and as a condenser during heating. An absorption heat pump characterized by being able to function. (2. In claim 1, the heat exchanger to which the heating load circuit is connected is configured to flow a concentrated solution to the outside of the outer pipe of the double pipe, flow refrigerant vapor to the inside of the inner pipe, and An absorption heat pump characterized in that a hot fluid is supplied to the heating load circuit by flowing fluid to the heating load circuit inside the pipe. In the heat exchanger, a liquid refrigerant is allowed to flow through the outer side of the outer pipe and inside the inner pipe of the double pipe, and a fluid to be flowed to the cooling load circuit is caused to flow inside the outer pipe, so that the cooled fluid is provided to the cooling load circuit. This is an absorption heat pump that is characterized by: