JPS609643A - Three-dimensional processing method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To suppress the memory capacity required, by setting the processing coordinates so that the machining tool is fed at a pitch according to specific law along one axis, and that the processing line on the plane determined by the other two axes has similarity to the processing line on the plane already processed. CONSTITUTION:The position of arm or table is located right under the machining tool in its position when a point P0 of the object to be processed 1 is situated at the revolving center of the arm, and the tool is sunk by a Z-axis motor till contacting this point P0, and motor shall be operated together with motor to move concentrically from the point P0 so as to cut till the outermost edge of the cone. Then the tool is returned to the center, and rod is sunk by DELTAZ, and the cutting from point P1 till R1 is performed in the same manner. This operation shall be repeated till the undermost point Pn. Because each processing line is circular being similar to each other, the data required to set the initial value can be less to contribute to making the memory with minor capacity.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for machining a three-dimensional curved surface using a three-axis feeder of a cutting tool.

The present invention uses a coordinate data creation method that can reduce the number of storage devices for storing coordinate data, etc. when processing and forming curved shapes such as cones, pyramids, circles, truncated pyramids, and hemispheres. The purpose is to provide a dimensional processing method.

In order to achieve this objective, the three-dimensional processing method of the present invention
In a processing method for machining a three-dimensional curved surface by 3-axis feeding of a cutting tool, the cutting tool is fed in a uniaxial direction at a fixed pitch or a pitch with a certain regularity, and in each step of the 1-axis feeding, Machining is performed while determining machining coordinates so that the machining lines on the other biaxial surfaces that form the final machining surface form a similar shape to the machining lines at each step of the already formed machining surface. It is characterized by

FIGS. 1 and 2 show one embodiment of the present invention, and show an example in which a conical hole 2 is machined in a workpiece 1. FIG. When machining such a conical hole 2, in the present invention, the cone is fed stepwise in the height direction of the cone, that is, in the Z-axis direction, and the machining radius R is set at each step. That is, the center coordinates Po (xo, yo+zo) of the first processed part of the cone and the radius R8
(depth and height) H and pitch Δ2 are given, the machining radius Ro, R+...R1+ Ri+1 for each step
and process it. Here, for the machining radius Ri in a certain step, the machining radius Ri in the next step
+1 is Ri+1 = Ri (Ro/H) × Δ
It's marked by Z.

Such processing can be carried out using an apparatus such as that shown in FIG. This device is configured such that one of the table 3 and arm 4 is movable by a Y-axis and a Y-axis motor, or one of the table 3 and arm 4 is movable by an X-axis motor,
The other has a position setting mechanism on the X and Y planes of the workpiece driven by a Y-axis motor. A rod 6 having a rack 5 is attached to the tip of the arm 4 on the Z-axis.
By meshing the output shaft pinion 8 of the rod 7 with the rack 5, it is attached so that it can be moved up and down, and a p-arm 10 is rotatably attached to the lower end of the rod 6 by a motor 9. The block 11 can be slid freely along the block 11.
is fitted into the screw hole of the block 11 and screwed into the threaded rod 13 connected to the output shaft of the motor 12 attached to one end of the arm 10, and a cutting tool 14 having a motor 14a is attached to the block 11. It becomes. Therefore, the position of the table 3 is set by the arm 4, and the position of the table 3 is set to the point P of the workpiece 1.

is set so that it is directly below the cutting tool 14 when the cutting tool 14 is located at the center of rotation of the arm 10, and the Z-axis upper
This is the 10 workpiece P by operating the cutting tool 14. The cutting tool 14 is lowered to the point P, and the motor 14a is activated, as well as the motors 9 and 12 are activated, and the cutting tool 14 is moved to the point P. Then, the cutting tool 14 is returned to the center, the rod 6 is lowered by ΔZ, and the same cutting as above is performed over the range from the center P1 to the working radius &. By performing this operation at the lowest point Pnt, a conical hole can be machined. In addition, the truncated conical hole is
It can be formed by performing the cutting process halfway.

In the above machining, the machining lines at each step on the final machining surface form a circle, and each machining line has a similar shape. If such processing is performed, the amount of data to be set as initial values will be extremely small, and when processing is performed using an NC device or CNC device, processing can be performed using a small-capacity storage device. An example is shown in which a conical hole is machined, but as shown in Fig. 3, a conical protrusion or object 1
5 from the cylindrical body 16 or the like can be processed using the same procedure. In this case, unlike the above, machining is performed concentrically from the outer circumferential side, and the radius R of the machined surface is set to R1.
Figure 4 shows the machining of a semicircular protrusion or object; in this case, the radius Ri at a certain point Pi is The distance (ZoZi) in the Z-axis direction from the vertex P1 to a certain point Pi and the radius r can also be determined by the following equation.

Ri = (r' - (Zo - Zi) 2) "While setting such a radius Ri for each coordinate Pi on each Z axis, a hemispherical shape is machined from the workpiece 16' which is cylindrical or the like. When machining such a hemispherical object, it is preferable to make the machining pitch along the Y-axis narrower in the second part and larger in the lower part in order to finish the surface smoothly. To change this pitch, for example, change the pinch interval by a + (a/A) x (1-0") (where a is the square root of the minimum pitch, and A is a
(A is the number of steps, i is the number of processing knobs), etc. Various methods can be adopted.

FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the present invention, and shows the coordinate relationship when a truncated quadrangular pyramid is formed from a rectangular plate [σ']. However, this trapezoid has a rectangular horizontal cross-sectional shape, and the intersection point P of the diagonal lines on the top surface. is the origin (o, o,
o), and set the position so that the long side and short side are parallel to the Y axis and the Y axis, respectively. In this case, the coordinate relationship in one step on a certain Z-axis is as shown in the figure, and instead of setting each of the four corner points, by setting the coordinates of the - corner point, the combination of positive and negative signs can be calculated. The coordinates of the other three points can be found. In this case, if the machining pitch on the Z axis is constant, the machining pitch ΔX on the Y axis and Y axis.

Δy also becomes constant. That is, Δ”””i ”i −1=xi+1 ”i ””i+2
-Xi+1 """Δ""=yi 'i-1=yi+1
−yi −”yi+2 7i+1 ”””'.

Although the present invention has been described above with reference to examples, the present invention can be applied to uneven objects of other shapes as long as the two-axis element surface shape on each step can be formed into a similar shape, and the present invention can also be applied to uneven objects of other shapes. The axis on which this is performed is often the Z-axis, but may also be the X-axis or the Y-axis.

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the number of initial data settings, and there is no need to store data during processing, so processing can be performed using a device with an extremely small storage capacity. Generate profits by being able to do so.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

, FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of an apparatus for carrying out the method of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the dimensional relationship of holes machined in the embodiment, and FIGS. 3 to 5 are diagrams showing the method of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a dimensional relationship diagram showing an example of another workpiece to be machined. 1... Workpiece, 2... Hole, 3... Table, 4...
・Arm, 6...Rod, 7...2-axis motor, 9.
・Rotation motor, 12... Radius setting motor, 14.
・Cutting tool Fig. 2 Fig. 5

Claims (1)

[Claims] In a machining method for machining a three-dimensional curved surface by three-axis feeding of a cutting tool, the cutting tool is fed in one axis direction at a fixed pitch or a pitch with a certain regularity, and in each step of the one-axis feeding, , machining is performed while determining the machining coordinates so that the machining lines on the other biaxial surfaces that form the final machining surface form a similar shape to the machining lines at each step of the already formed machining surface. A three-dimensional processing method characterized by