JPS6097131A - Loading and unloading for cargoes - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve loading efficiency by transporting bag-shaped cargoes by using a suspending sheet having, in the bottom part, a slit for the element for pulling-out a sheet towards the both sides in the direction of width and permitting said sheet to be easily removed by spreading the slit after transportation. CONSTITUTION:A transfer-sheet body 24 is constituted by forming a slit 2 along the longitudinal direction at the center of a rectangular body cloth 1 and installing a pair of hangers 3 at the both edges of the body cloth 1 and installing pulling-out elements 5 used for spreading the cut part of the slit 2 at the both edges of the body cloth 1. Said sheet body 24 in the state where a plurality of bag cargoes are piled onto the sheet body 24 is accommodated into a hold, etc. When the cargo is carried-out from the hold, each hook 11 of a hanging tool 27 installed onto a crane is suspended into the hanger 3, and two pairs of sheet body 24 are suspended together with the cargo and then brought-down onto the land side. Then, the hanger is hooked onto a pulling-out element 5, which is pulled, and then the slit 2 is spread to release the sheet body 24.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for loading and unloading bag cargo.

As is known, chemical factories in Japan have developed along the coast, and the powder, granular, and arm-shaped products produced at production factories are loaded onto ships, etc. as bag cargo, and transported to other factories. , and are normally transported to warehouses, etc.

When such bag cargo is transported, for example, by ship, the bag cargo is stacked in multiple tiers on a pallet as one unit, and the bag cargo is stacked together with the pallet in multiple tiers in the ship's hold, and the pallet and the pallets are stacked together at the destination. It is common to use a pallet transportation method in which the cargo is unloaded.

- However, with this method of palletized bag cargo transportation using pallets, there are problems in that pallets that are not transported cargo are transported, and the pallets must be recovered after transportation, and that the pallets are bulky. Therefore, there is a problem in that the amount of bag cargo that can be loaded onto a transportation means such as a ship is limited, and transportation efficiency is reduced.

As a result of various studies aimed at solving such problems, the inventors of the present invention have discovered the following knowledge.

In other words, the pallet is used as an auxiliary tool for loading and unloading a large amount of bag cargo onto a ship or the like.

Therefore, the above-mentioned problems can be solved to some extent by using a packing means that can pack bag cargo all at once as a bulk transportation aid instead of a pallet. If the bag cargo is simply wrapped, unpacking at the destination will be time-consuming; in other words, the bag cargo must be manually transferred to a pallet.

For these reasons, it is recommended to use a sheet-type conveyance device that can pack and unpack bag cargo in bulk, to have a pallet mounting surface, and to place this conveyance device on a predetermined position on the pallet. If an unloading platform equipped with a guide means is prepared at the destination, bag cargo can be loaded and transported without any gaps, and moreover, at the destination, it can be loaded onto the pallet prepared on the unloading platform. The present invention was developed by focusing on the fact that the package can be unpacked in its original packaging.

The gist of the present invention is to use a hanging sheet body provided with a slit at the bottom to allow a sheet puller to be pulled out on both sides in the width direction, so that a large number of bags of cargo can be transported at once. One unit of packed transportation is stacked in multiple stages in a ship's hold, etc., and when unloading, there is an opening for taking out the pallet at at least one end of the rectangular surface, and at least one of the other side ends. For this, an unloading platform is used which has a guide member that unloads and guides the hanging sheet while being in contact with the hanging sheet.
The hanging sheet body is unloaded onto a pallet that has been placed on the pallet in advance, and then the hanging sheet body is removed from the bottom of the bag cargo while expanding the slit.
This is due to the loading and unloading method.

The present invention will be described below based on embodiments shown in the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a conveying sheet body used in the method of the present invention.

In the figure, 1 indicates a rectangular body cloth made of a resin sheet or synthetic fiber sheet that is slippery and strong, such as polypropylene or polyethylene, and a slit 2 is provided in the center along the longitudinal direction. .

Reference numeral 3 indicates a pair of hangers sewn to protrude from both ends of the body cloth 1 so as to sandwich the slit 2, and the hangers 3 are made of the same material as the body cloth 1 or made of a sheet material having strength as a hanging belt. The oblong band is sewn to the back side of the trunk cloth 1 so that the entire weight of the bag cargo is uniformly applied to the trunk cloth 1 during cargo handling. In addition, a pair of hanging handles 3 are provided at each end of the body cloth 1. During cargo handling, a hook of a crane or the like is hung on the can outlet handle 3 to hang the bag cargo at four points. This is to obtain horizontal balance.

Reference numeral 4 indicates reference lines provided at regular intervals in the width direction of the central region of the body cloth 1, within which the bag cargo or the like is placed. Note that the distance between the pair of reference lines 4 is determined according to the standards of commercially available pallets and the like. Slightly inside the pair of reference lines 4, the tear of the slit 2 is sewn to the body cloth 1 in such a way that pull-out handles 5 for expanding the eyes protrude from both ends of the body cloth 1. There is. The pull-out handle 5 is formed by stitching a belt-like sheet made of the same material as the body cloth 1 or having strength as a hanging belt to the back side of the body cloth 1 in a crossed manner. Therefore, when a tensile force is applied to the puller 5 to widen the cracks in the slit 2, a uniform force is applied to the center portion of the body cloth 1 on which the bag cargo, etc. is placed. .

Reference numeral 6 indicates a tie string provided on one end side of the body cloth 1 so as to sandwich the slit 2, and when packing bag cargo,
This knot string 6 is attached to a knot ring 7 provided opposite to the other end of the body cloth 1.
The bags are tied together to pack the cargo.

According to the conveyance sheet body configured as described above, the bag cargo etc. are stacked in multiple stages in the central part of the trunk cloth 1,
It is designed to be packed using the body cloth 1. and,
When handling cargo, hang the hook of a crane or the like on the lifting hand 3 and load it onto a ship, etc. When unloading the cargo, place the transport sheet on a pallet and pull the pulling hand 5 upwards. The opening of the slit 2 is widened so that the trunk cloth 1 can be pulled out from under the bag cargo and the bag cargo can be placed on the pallet in its multi-tiered packaging state. It has become.

FIG. 2(A) shows an embodiment of a hanging tool that can stably hang the conveyance sheet body as described above and also allow the conveyance sheet body to be easily expanded.

This hanging device is capable of suspending two transport sheet bodies, and in the figure, 8 indicates a rigid frame made of a rigid member, for example, a pipe material. Each wire rope 9 is provided for suspending the wires 8 from a hook of a crane or the like. Each wire rope 9
Since the lengths of the frames 8 and 8 are equal, the frame 8 can be suspended from a hook of a crane or the like with stable horizontal balance. Also, from the frame 8 there are four hanging wires 10 each having the same length.
Two sets are hung, each with a hook 11 for hanging the load at the lower end. a, llb, 11e, 11d, 12a, 12
b, 12C112d are provided. These load-hanging hooks Ila, llb, and 11C1lid are for hanging conveyance sheets as shown in FIG. 1, for example.
The distance between the load-hanging hooks is approximately equal to the distance between the load-hanging hooks of the transport sheet body. For example, the distance between the load-hanging hooks lla and load-hanging hooks llb is the same as the distance between the load-hanging hooks lla and llb. approximately equal to the distance between the hangers.

In this example, a rectangular patch plate 13 with a circumferential edge curved inward is provided in the longitudinal direction of the rear surface of each of the load-hanging hooks, so that the load-hanging hooks do not touch the packed cargo when unpacking. I try not to come into contact with them.

FIG. 2(B) shows a modification of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2(A).

In the hanging tool shown in FIG. 2 (a), a ratchet plate 13 is provided on the load hanging hook to prevent damage to the load during unloading, but in this example, a ring is attached to the tip. A long auxiliary rope 13b having a diameter of 13a is suspended from the place where the hanging rope 10 and the frame 8 are tied, and when unpacking, the auxiliary rope 13b is passed through the puller of the carrier, and then the hook is The feature is that the ring 13a is hung on a load hanging hook to prevent damage to the load.

According to such a configuration, when unpacking, there is no need to lower the hanging device to a position where the load-hanging hook can be hooked to the puller of the transportation device shown in Fig. 1, so that the transportation device can be lowered onto the pallet. This has the effect of improving work efficiency by allowing unpacking work to be carried out immediately.

FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of the unloading platform used in the method of the invention.

In the figure, reference numeral 14 indicates a rigid base body in which steel plates 16 are attached to both the front and back surfaces of a rectangular base frame body 15 formed of steel material. A partition wall 17 is erected, and a first pallet mounting surface 18 and a second pallet mounting surface 19 are provided on the left and right sides of the partition wall 17.
is formed. This partition wall 17 is for distributing two conveyance implements suspended at the same time to pallets 20 prepared in advance on the first and second pallet mounting surfaces, and allows for smooth separation of conveyance implements. In order to be
In this example, a vibrator 21 is welded to the tip of the partition wall 17 along its longitudinal direction. Further, the partition wall 17 has a height that allows pallets to be stacked in three stages, so that unloading work can be performed continuously. Reference numeral 22 denotes guide members that are erected on the edges of the first pallet mounting surface 18 and the second pallet mounting surface 19, facing the partition wall 17, respectively. The member 22 has a structure in which the tip thereof is curved outward. Here, the reason why the tip of the guide member 22 is curved outward is, for example, the first
This is to allow the conveyance sheet body as shown in the figure to be placed at a predetermined position on the pallet 20 by the curved tip portion without being suspended from directly above the pallet placement surface.

In this example, the guide member 22 is formed into a roller conveyor structure in which a large number of rollers 23 are vertically arranged in parallel in order to facilitate the guidance of the conveyor. Further, depending on the conveyance device, as in the case of a conveyance sheet body as shown in FIG. , the width of the guide member 22 is made slightly narrower than the separation distance of the extractor 5.

By using the unloading table having the structure described above, the conveying sheet body is placed on a predetermined position on the pallet, and after expanding the slit of the conveying sheet body and lifting the puller upward, the sheet is The body was extracted from the bottom of the cargo bag,
The bag cargo is placed on the pallet up to the edge of the package.

Next, a loading and unloading method using the above-mentioned conveying sheet body, hanger, and unloading table will be explained based on FIG. 4.

In the figure, since the bag cargo is packed together by the transport sheet 24, it can be loaded and unloaded into the hold of the ship 25 without using pallets.

Then, at the destination quay, two transport sheet bodies 23 are simultaneously lifted by a lifting device 27 attached to a crane 26. On the other hand, on the unloading platform 28 placed on the land side, pallets 20 are placed on the first and second pallet loading surfaces 18 and 19.
The conveyance sheet bodies 23 are suspended from above the unloading table 27 and distributed to the respective pallets 20 by the partition wall 17.

Then, the conveyance sheet body 23 is guided and placed at a predetermined position on the pallet 20 by the guide member 22 .

Furthermore, in order to unpack the cargo, each hook of the hanger 26 is hooked onto the puller 5 of the transport sheet body 23, and while pulling it upward, the slit is expanded, and the sheet body 2
3 from the bottom of the cargo bag. This conveyance sheet body 23
When the bags are removed, the bag cargo is placed on the pallet 2o in the form of stacked cargo in multiple stages. Then, the bag cargo is stored in a warehouse or the like by a forklift or the like together with the pallet 2o.

According to such an embodiment, it becomes possible to transport the bag cargo in a state where it is loaded without any gaps.

In addition, when unloading, many bags can be unloaded at once, and the bags can be unpacked directly on the pallet without the cargo collapsing, reducing cargo handling time. It has become possible.

In addition, in this example, a lifting device of the type that suspends two conveyance sheet bodies at the same time is used, but it is not limited to this, and one conveyance sheet body can be directly suspended by the hook of a commonly used crane. Alternatively, two pieces may be hung. Moreover, in the case of hanging one load, a single load unloading platform may be used.

Further, the conveyance sheet body is not limited to that shown in FIG. 1, but may be any type as long as the bottom can expand and be removed from the bottom of the bag cargo. For example, it is possible to increase the amount of bag cargo transported, shorten cargo handling work, and reduce transportation costs, which is an excellent effect, and its usability is outstanding. .

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the unloading table according to the present invention, FIG. 3(A) is a plan view, and FIG.
Figure (b) is a side view, Figure 3 (c) is a front view, Figure 4 (a) is a diagram showing the loading state, Figures 4 (b), (c), and
(A) and (F) are diagrams showing the cargo handling/unpacking work process. 1... Trunk cloth 2... Slit 3... Hanging hand 4... Reference line 5... Pulling hand 6... Knot string 7... Knot ring 8... Frame 9...・Wire rope 10... Hanging wire ii
a, llb, liC, lid...Load hanging hook 1
2a, 12b, 12C, 12d --- Load hanging 7
□13... Backing plate 14... Base body 15... Underframe body 16... Steel plate 17... Partition wall 18... First pallet mounting surface 1
9... Second pallet mounting surface 20... Pallet 2
1... Pipe 22... Guide member 23... Roller 24... Conveyance sheet body 25... Ship 26... Crane 27... Hanging tool 28... Unloading platform. α9 Fan 1 Figure 2 Procedural Amendment 7.3 July 1939 Manabu Shiga, Director General of the Patent Office 1. Indication of the case 3. Relationship between the person making the amendment and the case. - 17 (Name) Toyo Soda Kogyo Co., Ltd. 4, Agent address: 330 Marunouchi Shigesu Building, 2-6-2 Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, ゛ Niko, 7. Details of the invention in the specification subject to amendment Explanation Column 8, Contents of Amendment As shown in the attached document, the following matters will be amended during the amended Japanese application details. Note 1, page 3, line 9, "packing means" is corrected to "packing means." 2. In the 4th line from the 6th Sadage, the phrase ``show with a knotted string'' is corrected to ``showed with a tied string.'' 3. On page 9, line 3, the phrase ``The hanging device shown in Figure 2 ((A))'' has been changed to ``The hanging device shown in Figure 2 +-1'+ of the previous H page is -1.'' correct.

Claims (1)

[Claims] Using a hanging sheet body with a slit at the bottom that allows the sheet to be pulled out on both sides in the width direction, a single unit of transport in which a large number of bag cargoes are packed together is transported.
When stacked in multiple stages in a ship's hold, etc., and transported, when unloading, at least one end of the rectangular surface has an opening for taking out the pallet, and at least one of the other end has an opening in contact with a hanging sheet body. Using an unloading table having a guide member for unloading and guiding the unloading sheet, the hanging sheet body is unloaded onto a pallet that has been placed on the unloading table in advance, and then the hanging sheet is unloaded. This method of loading and unloading is characterized by removing the body from the bottom of the cargo bag while expanding the slit.