JPS6112784A - エレクトロクロミツク表示装置 - Google Patents

エレクトロクロミツク表示装置

Info

Publication number: JPS6112784A
Authority: JP; Japan
Prior art keywords: carbon atoms; electrolyte; display device; present; polymer
Prior art date: 1984-06-15
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.): Granted

Application number

JP59121956A

Other languages

English (en)

Japanese (ja)

Other versions

JPS6224034B2 (fr

Inventor

正雄小林

フレツド・　ウドル

アラン・ジエー・ヒーガー

Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)

University of California

University of California Berkeley

Original Assignee

University of California

University of California Berkeley

Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)

1984-06-15

Filing date

1984-06-15

Publication date

1986-01-21

1984-06-15 Application filed by University of California, University of California Berkeley filed Critical University of California

1984-06-15 Priority to JP59121956A priority Critical patent/JPS6112784A/ja

1985-05-22 Priority to US06/736,984 priority patent/US4640748A/en

1985-05-30 Priority to CA000482753A priority patent/CA1248690A/fr

1985-05-31 Priority to EP85303864A priority patent/EP0164974B1/fr

1985-05-31 Priority to AT85303864T priority patent/ATE53046T1/de

1985-05-31 Priority to DE8585303864T priority patent/DE3577860D1/de

1986-01-21 Publication of JPS6112784A publication Critical patent/JPS6112784A/ja

1987-05-26 Publication of JPS6224034B2 publication Critical patent/JPS6224034B2/ja

Status Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 9
239000011244 liquid electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 8
239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 6
LYTMVABTDYMBQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-benzothiophene Chemical group C1=CC=CC2=CSC=C21 LYTMVABTDYMBQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 claims 2
-1 isothianaphthene compound Chemical class 0.000 description 24
125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 16
239000003115 supporting electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 13
239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 9
125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 8
238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 6
239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 5
230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 5
239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
JFDZBHWFFUWGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzonitrile Chemical compound N#CC1=CC=CC=C1 JFDZBHWFFUWGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 3
229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 3
125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 3
230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
OZJPLYNZGCXSJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-valerolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCO1 OZJPLYNZGCXSJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
229910017048 AsF6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical compound C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 2
238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 2
125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
BABWHSBPEIVBBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diazete Chemical compound C1=CN=N1 BABWHSBPEIVBBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 2
229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 2
TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl formate Chemical compound COC=O TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical class N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyltetrahydrofuran Chemical compound CC1CCCO1 JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
CMJLMPKFQPJDKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylthiolane 1,1-dioxide Chemical compound CC1CCS(=O)(=O)C1 CMJLMPKFQPJDKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
101100410785 Arabidopsis thaliana PXG4 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
101100410786 Arabidopsis thaliana PXG5 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical class F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
229910001290 LiPF6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
RFFFKMOABOFIDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentanenitrile Chemical compound CCCCC#N RFFFKMOABOFIDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
101100219264 Petunia hybrida C4H2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
LAISNASYKAIAIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [S].[As] Chemical class [S].[As] LAISNASYKAIAIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
229910001413 alkali metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
KVNRLNFWIYMESJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyronitrile Chemical compound CCCC#N KVNRLNFWIYMESJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
229940075397 calomel Drugs 0.000 description 1
125000005626 carbonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
150000008280 chlorinated hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
HRYZWHHZPQKTII-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroethane Chemical compound CCCl HRYZWHHZPQKTII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
ZOMNIUBKTOKEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-L dimercury dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Hg][Hg]Cl ZOMNIUBKTOKEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
239000012769 display material Substances 0.000 description 1
238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 1
238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
ZUNGGJHBMLMRFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-O ethoxy-hydroxy-oxophosphanium Chemical compound CCO[P+](O)=O ZUNGGJHBMLMRFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
229960003750 ethyl chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
ZJXZSIYSNXKHEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCOP(O)(O)=O ZJXZSIYSNXKHEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
229910000040 hydrogen fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 1
229910001547 lithium hexafluoroantimonate(V) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium perchlorate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
229910001486 lithium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
229910001496 lithium tetrafluoroborate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
230000007334 memory performance Effects 0.000 description 1
229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
CAAULPUQFIIOTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound COP(O)(O)=O CAAULPUQFIIOTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
SKECXRFZFFAANN-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethylmethanethioamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=S SKECXRFZFFAANN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
150000002828 nitro derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
239000011356 non-aqueous organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonaoxidotritungsten Chemical compound O=[W]1(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O1 QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M perchlorate Inorganic materials [O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
XAMUDJHXFNRLCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenthoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(SP(=S)(OC)OC)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAMUDJHXFNRLCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
229920000767 polyaniline Polymers 0.000 description 1
229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 1
239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
229920000128 polypyrrole Polymers 0.000 description 1
229920000123 polythiophene Polymers 0.000 description 1
229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
229910001546 potassium hexafluoroantimonate(V) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
229910001487 potassium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
FVSKHRXBFJPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N propionitrile Chemical compound CCC#N FVSKHRXBFJPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
239000003586 protic polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-O pyridinium Chemical compound C1=CC=[NH+]C=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
229910001542 sodium hexafluoroarsenate(V) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
229930192474 thiophene Natural products 0.000 description 1
XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 description 1
CYTQBVOFDCPGCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl phosphite Chemical compound COP(OC)OC CYTQBVOFDCPGCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
229910001930 tungsten oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1

Landscapes

Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)
Polyoxymethylene Polymers And Polymers With Carbon-To-Carbon Bonds (AREA)
Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)

JP59121956A 1984-05-31 1984-06-15 エレクトロクロミツク表示装置 Granted JPS6112784A (ja)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number	Priority Date	Filing Date	Title
JP59121956A JPS6112784A (ja)	1984-06-15	1984-06-15	エレクトロクロミツク表示装置
US06/736,984 US4640748A (en)	1984-05-31	1985-05-22	Polyisothianaphtene, a new conducting polymer
CA000482753A CA1248690A (fr)	1984-05-31	1985-05-30	Poly-iso-thianaphthene, ou polymere conducteur nouveau genre
EP85303864A EP0164974B1 (fr)	1984-05-31	1985-05-31	Polymère ayant une structure d'isothianaphtène et dispositif d'affichage électrochromique
AT85303864T ATE53046T1 (de)	1984-05-31	1985-05-31	Polymere mit isothianaphthen-struktur und elektrochromische anzeigevorrichtung.
DE8585303864T DE3577860D1 (de)	1984-05-31	1985-05-31	Polymere mit isothianaphthen-struktur und elektrochromische anzeigevorrichtung.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number	Priority Date	Filing Date	Title
JP59121956A JPS6112784A (ja)	1984-06-15	1984-06-15	エレクトロクロミツク表示装置

Publications (2)

Publication Number	Publication Date
JPS6112784A true JPS6112784A (ja)	1986-01-21
JPS6224034B2 JPS6224034B2 (fr)	1987-05-26

Family

ID=14824065

Family Applications (1)

Application Number	Title	Priority Date	Filing Date
JP59121956A Granted JPS6112784A (ja)	1984-05-31	1984-06-15	エレクトロクロミツク表示装置

Country Status (1)

Country	Link
JP (1)	JPS6112784A (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
JP2013076907A (ja) *	2011-09-30	2013-04-25	Nidek Co Ltd	有機機能性素子
WO2018123178A1 (fr) *	2016-12-28	2018-07-05	昭和電工株式会社	Composé hétéro polycyclique condensé, et procédé de fabrication de polymère conducteur mettant en œuvre ce composé

1984
- 1984-06-15 JP JP59121956A patent/JPS6112784A/ja active Granted

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
JP2013076907A (ja) *	2011-09-30	2013-04-25	Nidek Co Ltd	有機機能性素子
WO2018123178A1 (fr) *	2016-12-28	2018-07-05	昭和電工株式会社	Composé hétéro polycyclique condensé, et procédé de fabrication de polymère conducteur mettant en œuvre ce composé
US11104659B2 (en)	2016-12-28	2021-08-31	Showa Denko K.K.	Fused heteropolycyclic compound, and method for producing conductive polymer in which said compound is used

Also Published As

Publication number	Publication date
JPS6224034B2 (fr)	1987-05-26

Legal Events

Date	Code	Title	Description
2004-06-01	R250	Receipt of annual fees	Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250
2004-06-15	EXPY	Cancellation because of completion of term

Publication	Publication Date	Title
Cruz et al.	2018	Deep eutectic solvents as suitable electrolytes for electrochromic devices
Lu et al.	2004	Fabricating conducting polymer electrochromic devices using ionic liquids
JP6597373B2 (ja)	2019-10-30	エレクトロクロミック素子、表示装置及びその駆動方法
US8790537B2 (en)	2014-07-29	Process for the preparation of solid polymer electrolytes using ionic liquids
EP1475656A1 (fr)	2004-11-10	Element d'affichage electrochimique et afficheur electrochimique
JP4670948B2 (ja)	2011-04-13	表示媒体及び表示装置
JPS63248826A (ja)	1988-10-17	イソチアナフテン構造を有する重合体、それらの製造方法及び用途
Lakshmanan et al.	2016	Fabrication of fast switching electrochromic window based on poly (3, 4-(2, 2-dimethylpropylenedioxy) thiophene) thin film
CN111399260A (zh)	2020-07-10	一种光学性质可智能调节的电解质及电化学器件
WO2003001289A1 (fr)	2003-01-03	Dispositif d'affichage et son procede de fabrication
JP2003270671A (ja)	2003-09-25	エレクトロクロミック装置
Kim et al.	2024	Transmissive-to-black electrochromic switching of pendant Viologen polymer with superior long-term operation stability
JP3464513B2 (ja)	2003-11-10	全固体エレクトロクロミック素子及びその製造方法
JP2002287173A (ja)	2002-10-03	エレクトロクロミック表示素子及びその製造方法
JP2003255400A (ja)	2003-09-10	エレクトロクロミック装置
JP2011146190A (ja)	2011-07-28	酸化バナジウム電極の作製方法および電気化学デバイス
JPS6112784A (ja)	1986-01-21	エレクトロクロミツク表示装置
JP2003315844A (ja)	2003-11-06	エレクトロクロミックディスプレイ
JP2003315840A (ja)	2003-11-06	エレクトロクロミックディスプレイ
JP2003161963A (ja)	2003-06-06	エレクトロクロミック素子
RU2464607C2 (ru)	2012-10-20	Однослойное секционное электрохромное устройство, включающее в себя электрохромный материал полимерного типа
JP2003302659A (ja)	2003-10-24	エレクトロクロミックディスプレイ
WO1996013754A1 (fr)	1996-05-09	Dispositifs electrochromiques et procede de preparation desdits dispositifs
JP2002287172A (ja)	2002-10-03	エレクトロクロミック表示素子及びエレクトロクロミック表示装置
JP4824935B2 (ja)	2011-11-30	ゲル状電解質、及びそれを用いたエレクトロクロミック素子