JPS6119941Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention relates to a transmission device for tractors, small construction machines, etc.

More specifically, the present invention relates to a hydraulic clutch type transmission which incorporates a plurality of hydraulic clutches as a transmission and selects one of a plurality of gear trains that are always engaged to change the speed by engaging and disengaging the hydraulic clutches.

Up until now, most agricultural machines such as tractors and small construction machines have been shifted by sliding gears. However, in the case of a gear sliding type transmission, it is necessary to operate the main clutch to disengage when changing gears, and the operator of a tractor or construction machine must pay close attention to the movement of the work equipment. In addition, this operation was not easy when it was necessary to change gears or switch between forward and backward motions many times. In comparison, with a hydraulic clutch type transmission, the main clutch is connected and the hydraulic clutch for gear shifting can be operated by valves and levers to change gears and forward or backward movement, reducing the burden on the operator, and can be used on tractors, construction machinery, etc. It is optimal in this case. Tractors and small construction machines equipped with hydraulic clutch type transmissions have been known in Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 100440/1983 by the same applicant. This is an attempt to eliminate the drawback of the center of gravity being at the rear.

Hydraulic clutch type transmissions have advantages as mentioned above, but compared to conventional gear sliding type transmissions, hydraulic clutches have pistons, cylinders,
Requires extra parts such as friction plates and springs,
It definitely gets heavier. Furthermore, if a hydraulic switching valve is included, the center of gravity will move backwards considerably when it is placed in place of a conventional gear sliding type transmission. Tractors and the like are equipped with a three-point link type work equipment attachment device at the rear of the machine to tow rotary tillers, harrows, mowers, etc., so if the center of gravity moves rearward, a separate weight must be prepared at the front as a front weight. It's a waste of having to do it.

In the present invention, in order to solve this problem, the main transmission device consisting of a hydraulic clutch type transmission device is arranged in the rear part of the clutch housing, which was previously considered to be a vacant space, thereby making the whole vehicle compact.

In particular, the hydraulic directional control valve device, etc., which had conventionally been pasted and fixed on the upper processed surface of the transmission case, has been placed on the upper surface of the clutch housing in front of it, making the vicinity of the transmission case wider. , This part is where the auxiliary gear shift lever, PTO gear shift lever, etc. are placed.

With this configuration, the hydraulic clutch type main transmission, hydraulic directional valve device, pressure regulating device such as an accumulator, and sub-shift lever device can be moved further forward than before, and the center of gravity can be moved forward. In addition, the hydraulic directional control valve device can be placed at the bottom of the dart boat, and can be removed from the part where the operator gets on and off, eliminating the need for feet to touch the boat while getting on and off, and making it easier to operate. It is something that

The structure of this embodiment will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is an overall side view of a tractor equipped with a hydraulic clutch type transmission according to the present invention. The engine 1 is housed in the bonnet 10, and the engine 1
The rear end is fastened to the tip of the clutch housing 3, and the transmission case 2 is fixed to the rear of the clutch housing 3. Furthermore, a rear axle housing 13 is fastened to the rear part of the housing, and the whole constitutes a chassis. A front wheel 4 is provided at the bottom of the bonnet 10, a rear wheel 5 is provided at the bottom of the rear axle housing 13, a three-point link hitch device 6 for mounting a work machine is provided on the rear surface of the rear axle housing 13, and a seat device 8 is provided on the top surface.
A fender 7 is provided on the side. A control device 9 is disposed above the clutch housing 3.

In particular, the main part of the present invention is located inside the clutch housing 3. Main transmission chamber 3 on top of transmission case 2
The main shift lever 14 is provided from b, the auxiliary shift lever 15 is protruded from the auxiliary shift chamber 2a, and the PTO shift lever is protruded from the PTO shift chamber 2b. A muffler 11 is provided to protrude above a bonnet 10 from the side of an engine 1.

FIG. 2 is a power transmission diagram of the hydraulic clutch type transmission of the present invention. The driving force from engine 1 passes through hydraulic clutch type main transmission A to mechanical sub-transmission B.
It reaches the rear wheel 5 via the differential device G in the rear axle housing 13, and furthermore, the other transmission system
After passing through the PTO transmission D, the PTO super reduction gear E also installed at the rear end of the rear axle housing 13
It then reaches the PTO shaft 25, which is used to drive the work machine.

The transmission system will be explained in order starting from the engine shown in FIG. The rotation of the engine 1 reaches the main clutch shaft 16 by disengaging and disengaging the main clutch 114. Main clutch shaft 1
6 is connected to a main shaft 19 through a coupling 115, and the rotation of the engine 1 is transmitted to the main shaft 19. The rear end of the main shaft 19 protrudes through the rear support wall F, and is connected to the pump shaft 17 by a gear 18a of a hydraulic pump 18.
Penetrate inside a. With this configuration, the rotation of the main shaft 19 can drive the hydraulic pump 18 attached to the rear surface of the rear support wall F.

A small diameter gear 59 is fixed to the rear end of the pump shaft 17, and the PTO speed change shaft 28 is loosely fitted and supported on the same part. The PTO speed change shaft 23 is connected to a PTO ultra-reduction shaft 83 via a coupling 24. PTO speed change is performed between the PTO speed change shaft 23 and a group of gears loosely fitted on the traveling drive shaft 22.
TO super reduction is performed between the PTO shaft 25.

A hydraulic clutch shaft 20 is provided parallel to the lower part of the main shaft 19 in the hydraulic clutch type transmission A, and loosely fitted gears 33, 34, 35, 36 are always meshed with drive gears 28, 29, 30, 31 on the main shaft. to loosely fit.
The drive gear 28 is a reverse gear, and a reverse gear 32
cantilevered from the main clutch housing wall,
After meshing with the reverse gear 32, it meshes with the loose fit gear 33. The combination of the drive gear 29 and the loose fit gear 34 is the first forward speed, and the combination of the drive gear 30 and the loose fit gear 35 is the second forward speed and the drive gear 3.
1. The combination of the loose fit gear 36 is the third forward speed. The loosely fitted gears 33, 34, 35, 36 are driven friction plates 33a, 34c, 35 of the hydraulic clutch, respectively.
a, 36a, and hydraulic pistons 33c, 3
4c, 35c, and 36c, the driven friction plates 33a, 34a, 35a, and 36a come into close contact with the driving friction plates 33b, 34b, 35b, and 36b, and the power is transferred to the hydraulic cylinders 33d, 34d, and 3.
Power is transmitted to the hydraulic clutch shaft 20 via 5d and 36d.

The hydraulic cylinders 33d and 34d are integrally constructed back to back, and the hydraulic cylinders 35d and 36d are also integrally constructed back to back, which is effective in downsizing the hydraulic clutch.

As described above, the drive gear on the main shaft 19 and the hydraulic clutch on the hydraulic clutch shaft 20 constitute the hydraulic clutch main transmission A, and the hydraulic clutch main transmission A transfers the rotation after the gear change to the sub-shift. The signal is transmitted to the mechanical sub-transmission device B in the chamber 2a, and the speed is changed again. The power transmission portions of the hydraulic clutch type main transmission device A and the mechanical auxiliary transmission device B are auxiliary transmission small diameter gears.

Further, the rear end of the hydraulic clutch shaft 20 is once fitted into a seal case 71 fixed to the rear support wall F, and high pressure oil is transferred from the seal case 71 into the hydraulic clutch shaft 20. Hydraulic clutch shaft 2 after passing through the seal case 71
The auxiliary transmission small-diameter gear 37 is fixedly installed at 0.

Next, the configuration of the mechanical sub-transmission device B will be explained.
A sub-transmission small diameter gear 37 is located at the rear end of the hydraulic clutch shaft 20.
is fixed, and among the auxiliary transmission loosely fitted gears 40, 41, 42, 43 loosely fitted to the pump shaft 17, the large diameter gear 4
It is always engaged with 0. The auxiliary transmission loose fitting gear 41 is a 3rd auxiliary transmission gear, and constitutes the 3rd auxiliary transmission by meshing with the sliding gear 39 on the traveling drive shaft 22. The auxiliary shift loosely fitted gear 42 and the sliding gear 44 constitute a second auxiliary shift, and the auxiliary shift loosely fitted gear 43 and the sliding gear 45 constitute a first auxiliary shift. Further, by connecting the sliding internal gear 38 with the auxiliary transmission small diameter gear 37, a fourth auxiliary transmission speed is constructed. A bevel gear 46 is provided at the rear end of the travel drive shaft 22, and the bevel gear 46 and the bevel gear 47 of the differential gear device C are engaged with each other, and the travel reduction gear 49 is connected via the differential device 48.
After decelerating by 50, the power is transmitted to the rear wheels 5. A brake device 10 is provided on the outside of the travel reduction gear 49.
Set 0.

A small-diameter gear 59 is fixedly installed in the part of the pump shaft 17 that protrudes into the PTO transmission chamber 2b, and the small-diameter gear 59 is connected to the four gears 53, 54, and 5 that are loosely fitted to the travel drive shaft 22.
It is always meshed with the largest gear 53 of 5.58.

The PTO first speed is configured by the combination of the loosely fitted gear 58 and the sliding gear 56 on the PTO transmission shaft 23.
By the combination of loose fit gear 55 and sliding gear 57
PTO 2nd speed, 3rd speed is achieved by a combination of a loose fit gear 54 and a sliding gear 52, and a direct connection between a sliding internal gear 51 on the PTO shift shaft 23 and a small diameter gear 59.
It constitutes the PTO 4th gear.

The PTO gear shift shaft 23 is connected via the coupling ring 24.
It is connected to the PTO super deceleration shaft 83. The PTO super reduction shaft and the PTO shaft are provided together, and further super deceleration is performed by selecting the sliding gears 74 and 75 on the PTO super reduction shaft 83 and the fixed gears 76 and 82 on the PTO shaft 25.

FIG. 3 is a sectional side view of the hydraulic clutch type transmission of the present invention. The PTO shifting sliding gear is moved by the PTO shifting shifters 60 and 61. A sub-transmission shifter 62 is slidably supported at the tip of the sub-transmission lever 15. Similarly, a shifter 84 for PTO super deceleration is supported on the top of the PTO super deceleration device.

As can be seen in FIG. 3, the main transmission chamber 3b of the present invention is located at a position that is considerably pushed forward compared to the position of the main transmission chamber so far, and the main clutch chamber 3a is configured to be smaller accordingly. In addition, the auxiliary transmission chamber has been moved to the position where the main transmission chamber was previously located, and the PTO transmission has been placed in the position where the auxiliary transmission chamber was previously located. Only a small PTO super-reduction device remains in the position where the PTO was previously changed.

Further, the main transmission chamber 3b is formed integrally with the main clutch chamber 3a, and the transmission case 2 includes a mechanical auxiliary transmission B and a PTO transmission D.

A rear support wall F is formed at the joint between the clutch housing 3 and the front surface of the transmission case 2, and a hydraulic pump 18 and a seal case 71 are attached to the rear support wall F from the rear surface. Further, the rear support wall F includes a hydraulic pump 18 and a seal case 71.
An oil passage connecting the hydraulic directional control valve device V and the hydraulic directional control valve device V is carved.

The hydraulic oil absorbed by the oil filter 81 in FIG. 4 enters the hydraulic pump 18 through an oil passage provided in a wall such as a pipe or a transmission case, is pressurized, and then passes through an oil passage in the rear support wall F. Enter the hydraulic directional valve device V. When the direction is selected by sliding the spool 65 in the hydraulic directional control valve device V, the seal case 7 passes through the oil passage in the rear support wall F again.
1, the oil passages drilled in the seal case 71 are inherited by the shaft oil passages 67, 68, 69, and 70 opened at the end of the hydraulic clutch shaft 20, and the oil passages in the hydraulic clutch shaft 20 (Fig. (not shown).

After that, hydraulic cylinders 33d, 34d, 35
Hydraulic clutch cylinders 33d, 34d, 35 from holes 72, 73, etc. drilled inside d and 36d.
Enter d.36d.

The hydraulic directional switching valve device V includes a spool 65, a shifter 87 that moves the spool forward and backward, a shifter shaft 86 that slidably supports the shifter, and an accumulator 8 that serves as a pressure regulating device that adjusts hydraulic pressure.
It consists of 5 mag.

A lid body 88 and an accumulator 85 that support the shifter shaft 86 and the main shift lever 14 are attached above the hydraulic directional control valve.

As described above, the present invention provides a mobile vehicle in which the clutch housing 3 and the transmission case 2 are fixed to the rear of the engine 1 in this order.
A hydraulic clutch type main transmission A is installed inside the
The rear end of the main shaft 19 that transmits the power from the engine 1 to the hydraulic clutch type main transmission A is protruded from the rear support wall F of the hydraulic clutch type main transmission A and is coupled to the hydraulic pump 18, and is selectively coupled to the hydraulic pump 18. The rear end of the hydraulic clutch shaft 20, in which a plurality of hydraulic clutches for shifting gears are disposed, protrudes from the rear support wall F and is fitted with the seal case 71, and the hydraulic clutch shaft 20 further protrudes from the seal case 71, and then It is configured to transmit the shift rotation of the hydraulic clutch type main transmission A to the mechanical sub-transmission B disposed in front of the transmission case 2 from the end, and the hydraulic clutch type main transmission is mounted on the upper surface of the clutch housing 3. Since the hydraulic directional valve device V for A is arranged, the following effects are obtained.

First, the hydraulic clutch type main transmission A, which was conventionally located at the rear, is moved forward and placed inside the clutch housing 3, and the mechanical auxiliary transmission B and PTO transmission D are also moved forward accordingly. As a result, the center of gravity of agricultural tractors, etc. can be moved forward, and there is no need to increase the weight of the front weight even if a heavy work machine is attached to the rear work machine mounting device.

Second, by moving the hydraulic directional valve system for the hydraulic clutch system onto the front clutch housing, it can be placed below the tractor's dash board, allowing precise movement of the parts that are touched by the operator when getting on and off. The hydraulic directional valve device V that does this is no longer available. This has made it possible to eliminate accidents such as an operator accidentally touching this and causing a sudden start.

Thirdly, the hydraulic pump 13 and the seal case 71 are arranged at the rear surface of the rear support wall F of the clutch housing 3, so that they are arranged low and a large amount of lubricating oil is stored therein, and an oil filter 81 is arranged to provide lubrication. This position is close to the position of the rear axle housing 13 where oil is sucked as hydraulic oil, and the suction oil path can be configured to be short, so that the pumping efficiency of the hydraulic pump 18 is not reduced.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is an overall side view of a tractor equipped with the hydraulic clutch type transmission of the present invention, Figure 2 is a power transmission diagram of the same hydraulic clutch type transmission, Figure 3 is a side sectional view of the transmission case, and Figure 3 is a side sectional view of the transmission case. Figure 4 shows PTO
FIG. 3 is a detailed diagram of the super speed reduction device E. FIG. 1... Engine, 2... Mission case, 3
...Clutch housing, 3a...Main clutch chamber, 3b...Main transmission chamber, A...Hydraulic clutch type main transmission, B...Mechanical sub-transmission device B, D...
PTO transmission, E...PTO super reduction gear, F...
rear support wall.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] In a mobile vehicle in which a clutch housing 3 and a transmission case 2 are fixed in this order to the rear of an engine 1, a hydraulic clutch type main transmission device A is provided inside the clutch housing 3, and a hydraulic clutch type main transmission device A is connected from the engine 1 to the transmission case A. Main shaft 19 that transmits the power of
The rear end protrudes from the rear support wall F of the hydraulic clutch type main transmission A and is coupled to the hydraulic pump 18,
Further, the rear end of the hydraulic clutch shaft 20, which is provided with a plurality of hydraulic clutches that change gears by being selectively coupled, also has a seal case 71 that protrudes from the rear support wall F.
The hydraulic clutch shaft 20 further protrudes from the seal case 71 and is connected to a mechanical sub-transmission device B disposed in front of the transmission case 2 from its rear end.
The present invention is characterized in that it is configured to transmit the speed change rotation of the hydraulic clutch type main transmission device A, and a hydraulic directional control valve device V for the hydraulic clutch type main transmission device A is disposed on the upper surface of the clutch housing 3. Hydraulic clutch type transmission.