JPS6123256B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPS6123256B2
JPS6123256B2 JP21610182A JP21610182A JPS6123256B2 JP S6123256 B2 JPS6123256 B2 JP S6123256B2 JP 21610182 A JP21610182 A JP 21610182A JP 21610182 A JP21610182 A JP 21610182A JP S6123256 B2 JPS6123256 B2 JP S6123256B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
alloy
alloys
chromium
mitsushi
metal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP21610182A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS59107053A (en
Inventor
Shigemitsu Nishiwaki
Shinobu Endo
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd
Taihei Kinzoku Kogyo Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd
Taihei Kinzoku Kogyo Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd, Taihei Kinzoku Kogyo Co Ltd filed Critical Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd
Priority to JP21610182A priority Critical patent/JPS59107053A/en
Publication of JPS59107053A publication Critical patent/JPS59107053A/en
Publication of JPS6123256B2 publication Critical patent/JPS6123256B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

本発明はニツケル―クロム系電熱合金の改良に
関するものである。 電熱合金に要求される主な特性は次のようであ
る。 (1) 固有抵抗が高く、その温度変化が小さいこ
と。 (2) 高温において化学的に安定であること。 (3) 高温強度が大であること。 (4) 常温における加工性が優れていること。 上記の中で、(2),(3)はJIS C2524―1979に規定
されている寿命試験値に関係しており、電熱合金
の優劣は最終的にはこの寿命値によつて判定され
ている。 近年抵抗加熱炉を使用する業界分野において
は、使用温度がますます高くなり、従つて最高使
用温度はJIS C2520―1975(電熱線及び帯)に記
載されている1100℃をはるかに超え、1200℃以上
の温度で使用可能な発熱体の出現が望まれてい
る。 更に、最近は加熱炉の自動温度制御が行なわれ
ているため、発熱体は頻繁に加熱冷却が繰り返さ
れ、ますます苛酷な条件下で使用されるようにな
つた。 以上のような要請に対して、本出願人は既に特
公昭48―17410号、特公昭54―16925号及び特公昭
54―17293号公報において特性の優れた、特に
1200〜1300℃における寿命値及び繰り返し曲げ回
数が飛躍的に高められた電熱合金を提供した。す
なわち、これらの合金は、クロム含有量を増加さ
せたニツケル―クロム系合金に特殊元素としてイ
ツトリウム、ランタン、セリウムを添加したも
の、該合金に更にアルミニウム及びアルミニウム
とジルコニウムを添加したものである。しかしな
がら、これらの合金は特性の優秀性にもかかわら
ず、比較的多くの添加元素を含有している為に、
(1)インゴツト内に偏析がおこり易く、全体が均一
な特に大型のインゴツトを得難く、このことがそ
の後の熱間加工性に悪影響を及ぼすこと、及び(2)
合金溶製の際に、繰り返し材の使用の割合に制限
を受け易いことの問題の他に、添加元素のイツト
リウムやジルコニウムが高価であるなどの問題を
有しており、特に上記熱間加工性の問題は、電熱
合金材をより安価な量産品として工業的に製造す
る上で障害となるものであり、余り一般に供せら
れていないのが現状である。 本発明者等は、上記の点に鑑み、加工性が良
く、且つより安価な電熱合金をより能率的な操業
によつて提供することができるよう、前記合金か
らできる限り添加元素を除去すべく鋭意研究した
所、クロム、ランタン、セリウムの組成を変えな
いで、シリコンの添加範囲を増加させ、且つマン
ガンの含有量を可及的に少なくすることにより、
イツトリウム、アルミニウム及びジルコニウムの
3元素を添加しなくても、前記合金と遜色のない
特性を得ることができることを見出し本発明に到
達した。 即ち、この発明は、クロム18〜40重量%(以
下、%と略記する。)、ミツシユメタル0.01〜0.5
%、シリコン0.7〜3.0%、マンガン0.05%以下、
鉄5%以下にし、残部がニツケル及び溶解、精錬
時に付随的に混入する不純物よりなる組成に電熱
合金を構成したことを特徴とするものである。 本発明合金は、前記公知の電熱合金と比較して
1200〜1300℃における酸化抵抗、高温強度、固有
抵抗、抵抗の温度係数のいずれも遜色のないもの
にすることができた。 本発明合金が上記の成分よりなるのは次の理由
による。 (1) クロム18〜40% クロムは合金の基質成分の一つであり、高温強
度、酸化抵抗、寿命値、電気抵抗のいずれをも高
め、クロム含有量が高い程これらの性質は向上す
る。しかしクロムが40%を超えるとクロム固溶体
が析出して二相合金となり、上記の特性は低下す
るようになり、同時に通常の方法では製造が著し
く困難になる。クロムが18%未満になると、上記
効果が認められなくなる。 (2) ミツシユメタル0.01〜0.5%、 ミツシユメタルは強力な脱酸剤であると同時に
合金表面の酸化膜の性質を改善し、酸化抵抗を向
上させる。しかし、ミツシユメタルの添加量が
0.5%を超えると粒界に低融点の相が生成し、加
工性を著しく劣化させる。また、上記添加量が
0.01%未満ではその効果を充分に発揮できない。 (3) シリコン0.7〜3.0% シリコンは合金溶製時に脱酸剤として添加され
一部合金中に残留して、酸化抵抗を高める働きを
もつている。しかしシリコンが3.0%を超えると
合金を脆化させ加工性を害する。また、0.7%未
満ではその効果を充分に発揮できない。 (4) マンガン0.05%以下 マンガンは表面に生成する酸化被膜を不安定に
し合金の寿命値を大幅に減ずるので、0.05%以下
が望ましい。 (5) 鉄5%以下 鉄は高温強度ならびに酸化抵抗を低下させるの
で5%以下が望ましい。 本発明による合金は、上記のように従来の特性
の優れたものに比べて高価なイツトリウムやジル
コニウムを添加せず、しかもマンガンを可及的に
含有させないでミツシユメタルと大幅に添加範囲
の広げられたシリコンとの相乗効果を顕著に発揮
させたものであつて、このことによつて上記従来
合金と特性において何ら遜色なくしかも加工性よ
いものを安価に提供することができる。 次に製造方法について述べる。本発明合金は通
常の高周波溶解によつて容易に製造され、まず、
ニツケル及びクロムを溶解後炭粉を加えて1600〜
1650℃に昇温し、充分脱ガスを行ない、これに所
定量のシリコンを添加して溶湯の充分な脱酸及び
一部の合金化を行なう。その後溶湯温度を1500〜
1550℃に保持してあらかじめ調整したニツケル―
20%ミツシユメタルの中間合金または市販のミツ
シユメタルを装入して溶製する。 以下、実施例として本発明合金がいかなる特性
を有するか種々の試験結果について詳述する。 実施例 第1表に示す合金を溶製し直径70mmのインゴツ
トを作つた。この溶製は、シリコンを添加して溶
湯の充分な脱酸及び一部の合金化を行なつた後、
溶湯温度を1500〜1550℃に保持する迄は前述の方
法で行ない(但し、マンガンを添加する場合は、
シリコンの添加時にこれを行なう。)その後の合
金元素の添加は、ミツシユメタル、イツトリウ
ム、ジルコニウム及びアルミニウムを夫々市販の
ミツシユメタル、あらかじめ調整したニツケル―
15%イツトリウム、ニツケル−15%ジルコニウム
の中間合金及び金属アルミニウムの形で装入し
た。インゴツトは熱間鍛造により直径30mmに鍛伸
され、次いで直径8mmまで熱間圧延を行なつた。
これを直径0.5mmまで伸線し、最終的には連続光
輝焼鈍により仕上げた。 第1表に示した合金について寿命試験を行なつ
た。試験方法はJIS C2524―1979に規定された方
法(I法)に従つた。第2表にその結果を示す。
The present invention relates to improvements in nickel-chromium electrothermal alloys. The main properties required of electrothermal alloys are as follows. (1) High specific resistance and small temperature change. (2) Be chemically stable at high temperatures. (3) High temperature strength. (4) Excellent workability at room temperature. Among the above, (2) and (3) are related to the life test value specified in JIS C2524-1979, and the superiority or inferiority of electric heating alloys is ultimately judged by this life value. . In recent years, in industrial fields that use resistance heating furnaces, the operating temperature has become higher and higher, and therefore the maximum operating temperature has far exceeded the 1100°C listed in JIS C2520-1975 (heating wires and bands), and has reached 1200°C. It is desired that a heating element that can be used at temperatures above that temperature be developed. Furthermore, since automatic temperature control of heating furnaces has recently been implemented, heating elements are frequently heated and cooled, and are used under increasingly severe conditions. In response to the above requests, the present applicant has already submitted the following documents:
No. 54-17293 discloses that the properties are excellent, especially
An electrothermal alloy with dramatically increased lifespan and repeated bending times at 1200-1300°C was provided. That is, these alloys are nickel-chromium alloys with increased chromium content to which yttrium, lanthanum, and cerium are added as special elements, and aluminum and aluminum and zirconium are further added to the alloys. However, despite their excellent properties, these alloys contain relatively large amounts of additive elements, so
(1) Segregation is likely to occur within the ingot, making it difficult to obtain a particularly large ingot that is uniform throughout, which adversely affects subsequent hot workability; and (2)
In addition to the problem of being susceptible to restrictions on the proportion of repeated materials used during alloy melting, there are other problems such as the added elements yttrium and zirconium being expensive. This problem is an obstacle to the industrial production of electrothermal alloy materials as cheaper mass-produced products, and the current situation is that they are not widely available. In view of the above points, the present inventors aimed to remove additive elements as much as possible from the alloy in order to be able to provide an electric heating alloy with good workability and lower cost through more efficient operation. After intensive research, we found that by increasing the range of silicon addition and reducing the manganese content as much as possible, without changing the composition of chromium, lanthanum, and cerium.
The present inventors have discovered that it is possible to obtain properties comparable to those of the above-mentioned alloys without adding the three elements of yttrium, aluminum, and zirconium. That is, this invention contains 18 to 40% by weight of chromium (hereinafter abbreviated as %) and 0.01 to 0.5% of Mitsushimetal.
%, silicon 0.7-3.0%, manganese 0.05% or less,
The electrothermal alloy is characterized by having a composition in which the iron content is 5% or less, and the balance is nickel and impurities incidentally mixed in during melting and refining. The alloy of the present invention is compared to the above-mentioned known electrothermal alloy.
The oxidation resistance, high-temperature strength, specific resistance, and temperature coefficient of resistance at 1200 to 1300°C were all comparable. The reason why the alloy of the present invention consists of the above-mentioned components is as follows. (1) Chromium 18-40% Chromium is one of the matrix components of alloys and increases high temperature strength, oxidation resistance, life value, and electrical resistance, and the higher the chromium content, the better these properties. However, when chromium exceeds 40%, a chromium solid solution precipitates and becomes a two-phase alloy, which deteriorates the above properties and at the same time becomes extremely difficult to manufacture using conventional methods. When the chromium content is less than 18%, the above effects are no longer observed. (2) Mitsushi Metal 0.01~0.5%, Mitsushi Metal is a strong deoxidizing agent and at the same time improves the properties of the oxide film on the alloy surface, improving oxidation resistance. However, the amount of Mitsushi Metal added
If it exceeds 0.5%, a phase with a low melting point will be formed at the grain boundaries, significantly deteriorating workability. Also, if the above addition amount is
If it is less than 0.01%, its effect cannot be fully exhibited. (3) Silicon 0.7 to 3.0% Silicon is added as a deoxidizing agent during alloy melting and remains in the alloy in part to increase oxidation resistance. However, if silicon exceeds 3.0%, the alloy becomes brittle and its workability is impaired. Moreover, if it is less than 0.7%, the effect cannot be fully exhibited. (4) Manganese 0.05% or less Manganese destabilizes the oxide film that forms on the surface and significantly reduces the lifetime value of the alloy, so it is desirable that it be 0.05% or less. (5) Iron 5% or less Iron reduces high temperature strength and oxidation resistance, so 5% or less is desirable. As mentioned above, compared to conventional alloys with excellent properties, the alloy according to the present invention does not add expensive yttrium or zirconium, and also contains as little manganese as possible, allowing it to be added in a significantly wider range than Mitsushi Metal. It exhibits a remarkable synergistic effect with silicon, and as a result, it is possible to provide an alloy at a low cost that is comparable in properties to the conventional alloys and has good workability. Next, the manufacturing method will be described. The alloy of the present invention can be easily produced by conventional high-frequency melting.
After melting nickel and chromium, add charcoal powder to 1600~
The temperature is raised to 1650°C, sufficient degassing is performed, and a predetermined amount of silicon is added to the molten metal to sufficiently deoxidize and partially alloy the molten metal. Then increase the molten metal temperature to 1500~
Nickel preconditioned at 1550℃
20% Mitsushi Metal intermediate alloy or commercially available Mitsushi Metal is charged and melted. Hereinafter, as examples, various test results will be described in detail to show what characteristics the alloy of the present invention has. Example The alloys shown in Table 1 were melted to make ingots with a diameter of 70 mm. In this process, silicon is added to sufficiently deoxidize the molten metal and partially alloy it.
Follow the method described above until the molten metal temperature is maintained at 1500 to 1550℃ (However, if manganese is added,
Do this when adding silicon. ) The subsequent addition of alloying elements was to mix Mitsushi Metal, yttrium, zirconium, and aluminum with commercially available Mitsushi Metal and pre-prepared Nickel.
Charges were made in the form of 15% yttrium, an intermediate alloy of nickel-15% zirconium, and metallic aluminum. The ingot was hot forged to a diameter of 30 mm, and then hot rolled to a diameter of 8 mm.
This was drawn to a diameter of 0.5 mm and finally finished by continuous bright annealing. Life tests were conducted on the alloys shown in Table 1. The test method followed the method specified in JIS C2524-1979 (Method I). Table 2 shows the results.

【表】【table】

【表】 第2表から明らかなように、本発明合金のよう
に、マンガンを可及的に含有させないで、ミツシ
ユメタルと大幅に添加範囲の増大したシリコンと
の相乗効果を発揮させることによつてイツトリウ
ム、ジルコニウム及びアルミニウムを添加しなく
ても、従来合金のJIS規格ニツケルクロム電熱合
金(No.9)より優れた寿命値を得ることができる
ことはもとより、前記特性の優れた電熱合金(No.
10,11,12)とほぼ同程度の2000回以上の寿命値
を得ることができることが判る。 また、第1表に示した合金について繰り返し曲
げ試験を行なつた。試験方法はJIS C2520―1975
解説に規定された方法に従つた。第3表にその結
果を示す。 第3表から明らかなように、本発明合金は、従
来合金と同程度もしくはそれ以上の靭性をもつて
いることが判る。 本発明合金の体積抵抗率は、No.1〜5の合金の
場合いずれも108〜120μΩ・cmで従来合金のNo.10
〜12とほぼ同程度であつた。 以上述べたように本発明合金は、添加元素をで
きるだけ減少せしめて、なお且つ従来電熱合金と
遜色ない優れた特性を有せしめることに成功した
もので、優れた加熱炉用発熱体をより安価な量産
品として工業的に提供することができる。
[Table] As is clear from Table 2, as in the alloy of the present invention, manganese is not contained as much as possible, and the synergistic effect of Mitsushi Metal and silicon, whose addition range has been greatly increased, is achieved. Even without the addition of yttrium, zirconium, and aluminum, it is possible to obtain a life value superior to that of the conventional alloy JIS standard nickel-chromium electric heating alloy (No. 9), and it is also possible to obtain an electric heating alloy (No. 9) that has the above-mentioned characteristics.
10, 11, 12), it is clear that it is possible to obtain a lifespan value of more than 2000 cycles, which is almost the same as that of 10, 11, 12). In addition, repeated bending tests were conducted on the alloys shown in Table 1. Test method is JIS C2520-1975
The method prescribed in the commentary was followed. Table 3 shows the results. As is clear from Table 3, it can be seen that the alloy of the present invention has a toughness comparable to or higher than that of the conventional alloy. The volume resistivity of the alloy of the present invention is 108 to 120 μΩ・cm for alloys No. 1 to 5, and that of No. 10 of the conventional alloy.
It was about the same level as ~12. As mentioned above, the alloy of the present invention has succeeded in reducing the amount of added elements as much as possible and yet has excellent properties comparable to conventional electric heating alloys. It can be provided industrially as a mass-produced product.

【表】【table】

【表】【table】

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 1 クロム18〜40重量%、ミツシユメタル0.01〜
0.5重量%、シリコン0.7〜3.0重量%、マンガン
0.05重量%以下、鉄5重量%以下、残部ニツケル
よりなる電熱合金。
1 Chromium 18~40% by weight, Mitsushi Metal 0.01~
0.5% by weight, silicone 0.7-3.0% by weight, manganese
Electric heating alloy consisting of 0.05% by weight or less, 5% by weight or less of iron, and the balance nickel.
JP21610182A 1982-12-09 1982-12-09 Electrothermic alloy Granted JPS59107053A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP21610182A JPS59107053A (en) 1982-12-09 1982-12-09 Electrothermic alloy

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP21610182A JPS59107053A (en) 1982-12-09 1982-12-09 Electrothermic alloy

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS59107053A JPS59107053A (en) 1984-06-21
JPS6123256B2 true JPS6123256B2 (en) 1986-06-05

Family

ID=16683257

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP21610182A Granted JPS59107053A (en) 1982-12-09 1982-12-09 Electrothermic alloy

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS59107053A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6338248U (en) * 1986-08-29 1988-03-11

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA2398212A1 (en) * 2000-01-24 2001-07-26 Inco Alloys International, Inc. High temperature thermal processing alloy

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6338248U (en) * 1986-08-29 1988-03-11

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS59107053A (en) 1984-06-21

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