JPS6128997B2 - - Google Patents

Info

Publication number
JPS6128997B2
JPS6128997B2 JP13509779A JP13509779A JPS6128997B2 JP S6128997 B2 JPS6128997 B2 JP S6128997B2 JP 13509779 A JP13509779 A JP 13509779A JP 13509779 A JP13509779 A JP 13509779A JP S6128997 B2 JPS6128997 B2 JP S6128997B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
parts
graphite powder
acoustic
present
acoustic lenses
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP13509779A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS5659300A (en
Inventor
Kunio Imai
Nobuhiro Tsukagoshi
Etsuro Nemoto
Shinichi Yokozeki
Sumio Hagiwara
Toshikazu Yoshino
Yasuyuki Arai
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pioneer Corp
Original Assignee
Pioneer Electronic Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Pioneer Electronic Corp filed Critical Pioneer Electronic Corp
Priority to JP13509779A priority Critical patent/JPS5659300A/en
Publication of JPS5659300A publication Critical patent/JPS5659300A/en
Publication of JPS6128997B2 publication Critical patent/JPS6128997B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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  • Obtaining Desirable Characteristics In Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

本発明は音響レンズ(デイフユーザ)に関す
る。音響レンズを取付けたスピーカは、スピーカ
よりの音波が屈折されて指向特性が拡げられ、従
つて指向性を有する高域音を拡散できるという長
所を有している。ところで音響レンズの特性とし
て望まれることは、剛性が大きいこと、内部損失
が大きく共振し難いことなどであるが、従来音響
レンズとして使用されている材料はハードボー
ド、ABS樹脂、アルミニウム製のパンチングメ
タルである。しかしこれらの材料にあつては強度
不足から音圧によつて変形したり、内部損失が小
さくスピーカよりの音波によつて共振したりし
て、正しく音波を拡散することが困難であつた。 本発明は叙上の点に鑑みて成されたもので、そ
の目的とするところは、高剛性、高内部損失をも
ち、さらに耐湿性が良く、加工性の優れた材料を
用いることにより、スピーカよりの音波によつて
変形や振動を起し難く、さらに軽量かつ量産性に
優れた安価に製作し得る音響レンズを提供するに
ある。 本発明を以下、図に示す実施例に基いて詳説す
る。高分子材料には、ポリ塩化ビニル単味、塩化
ビニルと酢酸ビニル、塩化ビニリデン、アクリロ
ニトリルなどの共重合体、さらには内部損失の向
上のためにこれらの熱可塑性樹脂とポリエチレ
ン、ポリプロピレン、ABS樹脂、ニトリルゴム
(NR)、ニトリルブタジエンゴム(NBR)などと
の混合物が用いられ、これに要すれば可塑剤や安
定剤が添加される。鱗片状黒鉛粉末は、粒径が
0.1〜100μmの範囲であるが、一般に小さいほど
よく、平均5μm以下であることが好ましい。 音響レンズを得るには、まず上記した高分子材
料と黒鉛粉末とを10〜90wt%:90〜100wt%、好
ましくは25〜50wt%:75〜50wt%となる範囲で
混合し、これらに必要ならば可塑剤、安定剤を加
え、ミキサやニーダで加熱(樹脂の軟化点である
120〜250℃)混練して第1図に示すような混練材
料1を得、次にこれをローラにかけて何度も圧延
することにより第2図に示すように黒鉛粉末の配
向したシート材2を得る。各図において、3は高
分子材料、4は黒鉛粉末を示す。ここにおいて黒
鉛粉末の配向を考慮するに、例えばポリ塩化ビニ
ルと黒鉛粉末とを1:2の割合で混練し、コンプ
レツシヨン成形法で作つた平板と、上記混練後ロ
ーラにかけて作つた平板とのヤング率を比較する
と、前者の平板は約3.0×1010N/m2であるのに対
して、後者の平板は約7.0×1010N/m2であり、黒
鉛粉末の配向はヤング率において格段の向上をも
たらすのである。 上記で得られたシート材2は、第3図に示すよ
うに音響レンズの所定の厚みとなるように必要枚
数だけ積層し、ホツトプレスで一体化して板材5
にする。そしてこの板材5をプレス成形法により
所定の立体形、すなわち第4,5図に示す音響レ
ンズ6,6′の形状に成形する。 なお、音響レンズ6,6′は第4図にあつて
は、数枚の円板6aに小孔6bを多数穿設すると
共に中心に順次孔径が大きくなる孔6cを穿設し
た円板6aを一定の間隔を置いてホーン7に配列
したものであり、また第5図にあつては、板材6
a′を一定の間隔を置いて多数段傾斜してスピーカ
8の前面におけるキヤビネツト9に配列したもの
である。 得られた音響レンズ6,6′をさらに炭化又は
黒鉛化する場合には、音響レンズ6,6′を所定
の型で保形したまま酸化性雰囲気中で徐々に昇温
させつつ加熱して表面不融化処理を施し、しかる
のち非酸化性雰囲気中又は真空中で、炭化温度又
は黒鉛化温度まで昇温しつつ加熱焼成する。この
炭化、黒鉛化処理により音響レンズ6,6′の弾
性率は一層向上する。 本発明を次に実施例に基いて具体的に説明す
る。 実施例 1 塩化ビニルと酢酸ビニルとの共重合体 30部 黒鉛粉末 70部 安定剤(ステアリン酸鉛) 1部 可塑剤(BPBG) 3部 実施例 2 塩化ビニルと酢酸ビニルとの共重合体 100部 黒鉛粉末 130部 カーボンブラツク 70部 安定剤(ステアリン酸鉛) 2部 可塑剤(BPBG) 10部 ここでカーボンブラツクの混入は、この存在に
より材料のヤング率はあまり変化させず、内部損
失を向上させるためである。 実施例 3 ポリ塩化ビニル70%、ポリ塩化ビニリデン30%の
割合の混合物 100部 黒鉛粉末 200部 安定剤(ステアリン酸鉛) 2部 可塑剤(BPBG) 10部 ここで高分子材料としてポリ塩化ビニルとポリ
塩化ビニリデンとの混合物を用いているのは、ポ
リ塩化ビニリデンのようにガラス転移点が室温よ
り低い樹脂の存在によつて、得られるシート材の
ヤング率はあまり変化せず、しかも内部損失が飛
躍的に向上するからである。 実施例 4 塩化ビニルと酢酸ビニルとの共重合体 70部 ニトリルブタジエンゴム 30部 黒鉛粉末 140部 カーボンブラツク 60部 安定剤(ステアリン酸鉛) 2部 可塑剤(BPBG) 10部 ここでニトリルブタジエンゴムの混入は、この
存在で内部損失の大幅な向上が期待できるからで
ある。 上記配合の材料1をまずロールで約150℃に加
熱しつつ混練し、次にロールで圧延して100μ程
度の厚みのシート材2を得、このシート材2を所
望枚数だけ積層し、ホツトプレスで一体化して板
材5を得る。この板材5をプレス成形法により音
響レンズ6,6′の形状に成形する。 実施例 1′〜4′ 実施例1〜4で得られた音響レンズ6,6′を
さらに炭化処理するために、型に保持させて、酸
化性雰囲気中で約300℃まで1〜10℃/hrの割合で
昇温しながら加熱して予備焼成、不融化処理を施
し、しかるのち非酸化性雰囲気中で1200℃まで10
〜20℃/hrの昇温率で加熱し焼成した。 実施例 1″〜4″ 実施例1〜4で得られた音響レンズ6,6′を
さらに黒鉛化処理するために、実施例1′〜4′の方
法で予備焼成し、また非酸化性雰囲気中で約2500
℃まで昇温し加熱、焼成した。 以上の実施例1〜4、1′〜4′および1″〜4″で得
られた音響レンズ6,6′の特性を他の材料の音
響レンズの特性と共に表に示すと、次の通りであ
る。
The present invention relates to an acoustic lens (defuser). A speaker equipped with an acoustic lens has the advantage that the sound waves from the speaker are refracted and the directional characteristics are broadened, so that directional high-frequency sounds can be diffused. By the way, desirable characteristics of acoustic lenses include high rigidity, large internal loss, and resistance to resonance, but the materials conventionally used for acoustic lenses are hardboard, ABS resin, and punched metal made of aluminum. It is. However, these materials are difficult to properly diffuse sound waves because they are deformed by sound pressure due to their lack of strength, and because their internal loss is small and they resonate with sound waves from speakers. The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and its purpose is to create a speaker by using a material having high rigidity, high internal loss, good moisture resistance, and excellent workability. It is an object of the present invention to provide an acoustic lens that is not easily deformed or vibrated due to sound waves, is lightweight, has excellent mass productivity, and can be manufactured at low cost. The present invention will be explained in detail below based on embodiments shown in the drawings. Polymer materials include single polyvinyl chloride, copolymers of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate, vinylidene chloride, acrylonitrile, etc. In addition, to improve internal loss, these thermoplastic resins are combined with polyethylene, polypropylene, ABS resin, etc. A mixture of nitrile rubber (NR), nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR), etc. is used, to which plasticizers and stabilizers are added if necessary. The flaky graphite powder has a particle size of
The range is from 0.1 to 100 μm, but generally the smaller the better, and the average is preferably 5 μm or less. To obtain an acoustic lens, first mix the above-mentioned polymeric material and graphite powder in a range of 10 to 90 wt%: 90 to 100 wt%, preferably 25 to 50 wt%: 75 to 50 wt%, and add if necessary. Add a plasticizer and stabilizer and heat with a mixer or kneader (at the softening point of the resin).
120-250℃) to obtain a kneaded material 1 as shown in Fig. 1, which is then rolled by rollers many times to form a sheet material 2 with oriented graphite powder as shown in Fig. 2. obtain. In each figure, 3 indicates a polymer material and 4 indicates graphite powder. Considering the orientation of graphite powder, for example, a flat plate made by kneading polyvinyl chloride and graphite powder at a ratio of 1:2 and using a compression molding method, and a flat plate made by kneading the mixture with a roller after the above-mentioned kneading. Comparing the Young's modulus, the former flat plate has a value of approximately 3.0 × 10 10 N/m 2 while the latter plate has a Young's modulus of approximately 7.0 × 10 10 N/m 2 . This brings about a significant improvement. As shown in FIG. 3, the sheet material 2 obtained above is laminated in the required number so as to have the predetermined thickness of the acoustic lens, and is then integrated with a hot press to form the plate material 5.
Make it. This plate material 5 is then molded into a predetermined three-dimensional shape, that is, into the shape of acoustic lenses 6, 6' shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, by a press molding method. In addition, the acoustic lenses 6, 6' in FIG. 4 are composed of several discs 6a, each having a large number of small holes 6b, and a hole 6c in the center of which the diameter gradually increases. They are arranged on the horn 7 at regular intervals, and in the case of FIG.
a' are arranged in a cabinet 9 in front of the speaker 8 in multiple inclined stages at regular intervals. When the obtained acoustic lenses 6, 6' are further carbonized or graphitized, the acoustic lenses 6, 6' are held in a predetermined shape and heated while gradually increasing the temperature in an oxidizing atmosphere to soften the surface. The material is subjected to infusibility treatment, and then heated and fired in a non-oxidizing atmosphere or in a vacuum while raising the temperature to a carbonization temperature or a graphitization temperature. This carbonization and graphitization treatment further improves the elastic modulus of the acoustic lenses 6, 6'. The present invention will now be described in detail based on Examples. Example 1 Copolymer of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate 30 parts Graphite powder 70 parts Stabilizer (lead stearate) 1 part Plasticizer (BPBG) 3 parts Example 2 Copolymer of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate 100 parts Graphite powder 130 parts Carbon black 70 parts Stabilizer (lead stearate) 2 parts Plasticizer (BPBG) 10 parts The presence of carbon black does not change the Young's modulus of the material much and improves internal loss. It's for a reason. Example 3 Mixture of 70% polyvinyl chloride and 30% polyvinylidene chloride 100 parts graphite powder 200 parts stabilizer (lead stearate) 2 parts plasticizer (BPBG) 10 parts Here, polyvinyl chloride and The reason why a mixture with polyvinylidene chloride is used is that the Young's modulus of the resulting sheet material does not change much due to the presence of a resin such as polyvinylidene chloride, which has a glass transition point lower than room temperature, and the internal loss is reduced. This is because it improves dramatically. Example 4 Copolymer of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate 70 parts Nitrile butadiene rubber 30 parts Graphite powder 140 parts Carbon black 60 parts Stabilizer (lead stearate) 2 parts Plasticizer (BPBG) 10 parts Here, nitrile butadiene rubber This is because its presence can be expected to significantly improve internal loss. Material 1 with the above composition is first kneaded with a roll while being heated to about 150°C, then rolled with a roll to obtain a sheet material 2 with a thickness of about 100 μm, and the desired number of sheets 2 are laminated and hot pressed. The plate material 5 is obtained by integrating. This plate material 5 is molded into the shape of acoustic lenses 6, 6' by a press molding method. Examples 1' to 4' In order to further carbonize the acoustic lenses 6 and 6' obtained in Examples 1 to 4, they were held in a mold and heated at 1 to 10 degrees Celsius up to about 300 degrees Celsius in an oxidizing atmosphere. Preliminary firing and infusibility treatment are performed by heating while increasing the temperature at a rate of
It was heated and fired at a temperature increase rate of ~20°C/hr. Examples 1″ to 4″ In order to further graphitize the acoustic lenses 6 and 6′ obtained in Examples 1 to 4, they were prefired by the method of Examples 1′ to 4′, and were placed in a non-oxidizing atmosphere. Approximately 2500 in
The temperature was raised to ℃ and heated and baked. The characteristics of the acoustic lenses 6 and 6' obtained in Examples 1 to 4, 1' to 4', and 1'' to 4'' above are shown in a table together with the characteristics of acoustic lenses made of other materials, as follows. be.

【表】 本発明は上記したように、高分子材料と黒鉛粉
末との混練材料で形成されたものであるから、材
料の加工性が良く、任意の形状のものを容易に得
ることができると共に耐湿性が良いので経年変化
が少ない特徴がある。さらに本発明では黒鉛粉末
が表面に沿つて配向されているので、ヤング率が
高く剛性が大きく、かつ内部損失も比較的大きい
特徴を有し、スピーカよりの音波によつて変形し
たり、共振したりすることがなく、従つてスピー
カより音波を良く拡散し得る等の効果を有するも
のである。
[Table] As mentioned above, since the present invention is made of a kneaded material of a polymer material and graphite powder, the material has good processability and can be easily obtained into any shape. It has good moisture resistance, so it does not change easily over time. Furthermore, in the present invention, since the graphite powder is oriented along the surface, it has a high Young's modulus, high rigidity, and relatively large internal loss, so it does not deform or resonate due to sound waves from the speaker. Therefore, it has the effect of being able to diffuse sound waves better than a speaker.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第1図は本発明に用いる混練材料の黒鉛粉末配
向状態での断面図、第2図は本発明に用いる黒鉛
配向シート材の断面図、第3図は本発明に用いる
シート材を積層して得た板材の斜視図、第4,5
図は本発明の音響レンズの実施例を示す断面図と
正面図である。 3……高分子材料、4……黒鉛粉末、6,6′
……音響レンズ。
Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the kneaded material used in the present invention in an oriented state of graphite powder, Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the graphite oriented sheet material used in the present invention, and Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the graphite oriented sheet material used in the present invention. Perspective view of the obtained plate material, Nos. 4 and 5
The figures are a sectional view and a front view showing an embodiment of the acoustic lens of the present invention. 3...Polymer material, 4...Graphite powder, 6,6'
...acoustic lens.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 1 高分子材料と鱗片状黒鉛粉末との混練材料で
形成され、黒鉛粉末が表面に沿つて配向されてい
ることを特徴とする音響レンズ。
1. An acoustic lens formed of a kneaded material of a polymer material and flaky graphite powder, and characterized in that the graphite powder is oriented along the surface.
JP13509779A 1979-10-22 1979-10-22 Acoustic lense Granted JPS5659300A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP13509779A JPS5659300A (en) 1979-10-22 1979-10-22 Acoustic lense

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP13509779A JPS5659300A (en) 1979-10-22 1979-10-22 Acoustic lense

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS5659300A JPS5659300A (en) 1981-05-22
JPS6128997B2 true JPS6128997B2 (en) 1986-07-03

Family

ID=15143756

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP13509779A Granted JPS5659300A (en) 1979-10-22 1979-10-22 Acoustic lense

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS5659300A (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS57197099U (en) * 1981-06-08 1982-12-14

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5659300A (en) 1981-05-22

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