JPS6142528B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to an eel farming device.

In fish and shellfish culture tanks, filth such as feces, leftover feed, and dead fish and shellfish settles at the bottom of the tank.
This contaminates the water in the aquaculture tank, resulting in the water containing harmful substances. Therefore, it is necessary to discharge such waste to the outside of the culture tank. Conventionally, after the fish and shellfish being cultured are caught and removed from the culture tank, the water in the culture tank is drained, and such waste is manually carried up and discharged. Such prior art obviously requires a lot of effort.

A typical prior art technique for solving this problem is shown in Japanese Utility Model Application No. 52-99996. In this prior art, a groove with a rectangular longitudinal section is formed at the bottom of the aquaculture tank, and an air injection element is disposed within this groove, and the air injection element directs air in the axial direction when draining water. The mound is thrown along the surface of the tomb, allowing the filth to slide and be discharged.

A problem with such prior art is that aquatic organisms tend to build nests in the corners of the grooves because the longitudinal cross section of the grooves is rectangular. When aquatic organisms live in such grooves, the oxygen concentration in the water decreases, and eels become more susceptible to disease. Moreover, with such prior art, it is not possible to reliably discharge the dirt in the grooves.

An object of the present invention is to provide an improved eel farming device that prevents aquatic organisms from inhabiting the culture tank and also makes it possible to reliably discharge filth.

The present invention provides a groove 37, which is a concave curved surface that extends horizontally in a straight line at the center position in the left-right direction along the longitudinal direction and has a smoothly curved inner peripheral surface, on the bottom 36 of the culture tank 3 whose horizontal surface is rectangular. , and both sides of the groove 37 have an inclined bottom surface 38 which is inclined upwardly as it goes further outward.
39, a nozzle pipe 42 is disposed in this groove 37 and extends within the groove 37 and along the groove 37. At the lower part of the nozzle pipe 42, on one end side of the groove 37, a nozzle pipe 42 is arranged. Nozzle holes 44 having axes inclined obliquely downward in a certain transfer direction 45 are formed at intervals in the axial direction of the nozzle pipe 42 , water is force-fed into the nozzle pipe 42 , and water is fed within the groove 37 . A cleaning pipe 43 is disposed above the nozzle pipe 42 and extending along the groove 37, and a plurality of nozzle holes are provided on both side walls of the cleaning pipe 43 at intervals in the axial direction of the cleaning pipe 43. 46 is formed, air is forced into this cleaning pipe 43, and a perforated plate 40 is mounted on the upper part of the groove 37, and on this perforated plate 40, the eel being cultivated enters the groove 37. First, a large number of discharge holes 41 having a size that allows the precipitated filth to pass through are formed, and above the perforated plate 40, an aeration means 52 extending horizontally along the longitudinal direction of the culture tank 3 is arranged. The aeration means 52 has a cylindrical body 53 made of a porous material that partially extends in the longitudinal direction, and air is fed under pressure to this cylindrical body 53, and the part of the culture tank 3 where the cylindrical body 53 is not disposed is filled with air. This is an eel farming device characterized by having a multi-tiered net 58 installed vertically.

FIG. 1 is an overall system diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. In a building 1 provided with a roof, a plurality of culture tanks 3, which are individually partitioned by partition walls 2, are formed of, for example, fiber reinforced plastics (FRP) or concrete. Each culture tank 3
The water for cultivating eels is supplied from pump 4.
It is supplied from above the water surface of the culture tank 3 via the means 80 for sterilization and the pipe 5. Aquaculture tank 3
The water from the lower part of the pipe is led from the pipe 6 through the three-way valve 7 to the pipe 8 for cleaning, and the water is led to the outside via the pipe 9 from the three-way valve 7 to remove sediment such as filth. is discharged. A conduit 17 is connected to the lower part of the culture tank 3 for discharging the eel grown as a result of culture. A feeding device 11 is provided in the culture tank 3 so as to be partially immersed in water. Filth such as feces and uneaten food from the bait application device 11 is discharged to the outside via a pipe 12. The culture tank 3 is also provided with housing means 13 for the eel to live in during cultivation. Air for aeration and backwashing of the water in the aquaculture tank 3 is supplied from the pump 14 to the aquaculture tank 3 via a pipe 15.
is supplied to the bottom of the In addition, filth such as feces, uneaten food, and dead eel that has settled at the bottom of the aquaculture tank 3 should be removed.
The water can be transferred to the pipe line 6 side by the water pumped by the pump 81 through the pipe line 16. These conduits 17, 12, 15, and 16 are provided with appropriate on-off valves. The sterilizing means 80 has a structure in which an ultraviolet lamp irradiates ultraviolet rays from the outside of a quartz tube interposed in the middle of the pipe 5, and sterilizes the water to prevent the occurrence of diseases in the eel.

Water led from the aquaculture tank 3 via the three-way valve 7 through the pipes 6 and 8 is passed through a filter device 18 using a screen or the like, and then led to the first tank 19. In the first tank 19, aeration is performed by air pressure fed from the pipe line 20, and in the second tank 19,
1 via a weir 22. In the second tank 21,
An activated sludge layer 93 is provided. Water is activated sludge layer 9
3, the water undergoes contact oxidation by the oxygen aerobic bacteria, decomposing and cleaning harmful substances, and converting filth into substances that are not harmful to the eel being cultivated. Water from this second tank 21 overflows the weir 24 and is led to the third tank 23. In the third tank 23, a porous material 25 such as zeolite is provided. As water passes through this porous material 25, harmful substances such as nitrous acid and ammonia are adsorbed during aquaculture. Water from the third tank 23 overflows the weir 26 and is led to the fourth tank 27. In the fourth tank 27, aeration is performed using air that is forced through the pipe line 28.
The water that has been oxygenated in this way is stored in the fifth tank 2.
9, it overflows the weir 30 and is guided. This fifth tank 29
The water is heated to a temperature suitable for eel growth, for example, about 24°C, by a burner 31 using gas or liquid fuel.
The temperature is maintained at ~26℃. The temperature of the water in the fifth tank 29, and therefore the temperature of the culture tank 3, is set at a temperature that does not induce disease in the eel being cultured and is suitable for eating and growing the eel. This temperature is preferably about 24 to 26°C, for example, as described above. According to the inventor of the present invention, it has been found through experiments that eels tend to become sick at temperatures above 27°C and below 23°C.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the culture tank 3, and FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a portion thereof. The aquaculture tank 3 has a rectangular horizontal cross section, and includes side walls 32, 33 (indicated by reference numeral 2 in FIG. 1) facing each other along the longitudinal direction, and side walls facing each other at right angles to the longitudinal direction. 34, 35, and a bottom portion 36. bottom 36
When viewed from the side perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (horizontal direction in FIG. 2), there is a semi-circular groove 37 provided at the center in the left-right direction, and a side wall 32 connected to this groove 37. It consists of slanted bottom surfaces 38 and 39 that rise toward the 33 side. As shown in FIG. 4, a perforated plate 40 such as a so-called patching metal is mounted on the groove 37. As shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, this perforated plate 40 prevents eels during cultivation from entering the grooves 37, and also prevents sediments such as feces, leftover feed, and carcasses from entering the grooves 37. A discharge hole 41 is formed for passage. A nozzle pipe 42 for transporting the precipitate is provided in the groove 37 along its longitudinal direction. A cleaning pipe 43 for backwashing the porous plate 40 is arranged above the nozzle pipe 42 . Nozzle holes 44 are formed in the nozzle pipe 42 at intervals in its longitudinal direction. As shown in FIG. 6, this nozzle hole 44 has an axis that is inclined diagonally downward in the direction 45 of transporting the sediment. A plurality of nozzle holes 44 (three in this embodiment) are formed at intervals in the circumferential direction of the nozzle pipe 42, as shown in FIG. Water is pumped into the nozzle pipe 42 from the pipe line 16 via an on-off valve. Therefore, the sediment in the groove 37 is transferred to the left in FIG. 2 along the transfer direction 45 within the groove 37. Nozzle holes 46 are formed on both side walls of the cleaning pipe 43 at intervals in the longitudinal direction. Air is forced into this cleaning pipe 43 from the pipe line 15b. Therefore, the discharge hole 4 of the perforated plate 40
Precipitates stuck in 1 can be backwashed.

A conical discharge hole 51 is provided at the bottom of the culture tank 3. This discharge hole 51 is connected to the pipe line 10. The water in the culture tank 3 can be discharged from the pipe 10, and the cultured eel can be easily taken out. By easily taking out eels like this, there is no need to catch eels with a net as in the past, and labor savings can be promoted.

Referring again to FIGS. 2 and 3, aquaculture tank 3
Above the perforated plate 40 is an aeration means 52 through which air supplied from the pipe line 15 is pumped.
is provided at the left and right center position along the longitudinal direction of the culture tank 3. This aeration means 52 is
It consists of a cylindrical body 53 made of a porous material such as unglazed sintered material, and a tube body 54 made of a material such as metal that connects the cylindrical bodies 53. The cylindrical body 53 is provided at the center in the left-right direction of the side walls 32 and 33 of the culture tank 3, and can perform aeration. By this aeration, the arrow 55,5
As shown at 6, a water flow is formed that circulates vertically from side to side. Due to this water flow 56,
The dead eel and the like float on the water surface, so the carcass can be easily found and taken out from the culture tank, and contamination of the water in the culture tank 3 can be prevented. Further, such dead bodies, feces, remaining food, etc. collect on the perforated plate 40 from the inclined bottom surfaces 38 and 39, and fall into the groove 37 from the discharge hole 41. In this way, the precipitate can be transferred and taken out from the U-shaped tube 49 and the conduit 6 via the three-way valve 7 and the conduit 9 to the outside. The portions where aeration is performed by the cylindrical body 53 are formed at intervals in the longitudinal direction of the culture tank 3. Aeration is not performed in the tube body 54, and the eel housing means 13 is provided in this portion.

The living means 13 is constructed by constructing a multi-tiered net 58 on a frame 57 provided in the culture tank 3. The eel can live by lying on the net 58 of the living means 13 where aeration is not performed. A rigid cover 59 is provided on the upper part of the frame 57 of the living means 13. This cover 59 makes the living space of the eel on the net 58 dark, which is convenient for the nocturnal eel. A peephole 60 is formed in the upper part of the cover 59.
0 is provided with a light-shielding lid 61. cover 5
9 is provided across the culture tank 3. This makes it convenient for workers to move back and forth between the culture tanks 3.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the vicinity of the end of the groove 37.
The ends of the nozzle pipe 42 and the cleaning pipe 43 are closed. The end of a U-shaped tube 49 is connected to the groove 37 covered by the perforated plate 40 via a rotary shaft joint 48 from a guide tube 47 which is roughly fan-shaped when viewed from a horizontal plane. This U-shaped tube 49 is connected to the conduit 6 via a rotary shaft joint 50. Rotating shaft joint 48, 50
The axis of is on one horizontal straight line. Therefore, by angularly displacing the U-shaped tube 49, the water level of the culture tank 3 can be controlled by the overflow of the U-shaped tube 49.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the bait application device. Main body 6
5 includes a short rectangular cylinder 66 open upward and a hollow square pyramid 67 constricting downward, and the conduit 12 is connected to the lower part of the pyramid 67. A net 68 is provided at the bottom of the cone 67 to prevent eels from entering the conduit 12. This net 68 has sufficient perforations for uneaten bait to pass through. A bait mounting body 69 is mounted inside the main body 65. This mounting body 69 includes a rectangular short cylinder body 70,
A net 71 is fixed to the lower part of the short cylindrical body 70. The net 71 has through holes that prevent lump-like bait from falling and allow uneaten bait to fall downward. This net 71 does not need to be able to pass through the eel. Inlet/exit holes 72, 73 through which the eel enters and exits are formed in the short cylinders 66, 70. When the bait is placed on the net 71 in this manner, the eel enters through the entrance/exit holes 72 and 73 and eats the bait. Remove uneaten food and feces from the main unit 65.
It can be discharged to the outside from the conduit 12 through the network 68. Inlet/exit holes 72, 73 of short cylindrical bodies 66, 70
The upper part of the water is above the water surface.

As described above, according to the present invention, the following effects are achieved.

(a) Groove 37 formed on the bottom 36 of the culture tank 3
is a concave curved surface that extends horizontally in a straight line and has a smoothly curved inner circumferential surface, so this groove 37
Aquatic creatures will not build nests inside. Therefore, the oxygen concentration of the water in the aquaculture tank 3 will not be lowered by such aquatic organisms, and substances harmful to the eel being farmed will not be produced, thus preventing the eel from getting sick. It is prevented from becoming.

(b) A nozzle pipe 42 is disposed within the groove 37, a nozzle hole 44 is formed in this nozzle pipe 42, and water is pumped into the nozzle pipe 42. Therefore, the water from the nozzle hole 44 is injected onto the inner circumferential surface of the groove 37 with as substantially uniform pressure as possible, and can spread out and flow along the smoothly curved surface. Therefore, it is possible to discharge the dirt in the grooves 37 all at once.

(c) The nozzle hole 44 of the nozzle pipe 42 is arranged in the transfer direction 4.
5, the dirt in the groove 37 can be moved along the transfer direction 45 and discharged from one end of the groove 37.

(d) The cleaning pipe 43 through which air is forced is arranged within the groove 37 and above the nozzle pipe 42. Nozzle holes 46 are formed in both side walls of the cleaning tube 43 . Therefore, the air from the nozzle hole 46 becomes bubbles and can rise smoothly without being disturbed by the nozzle pipe 42 when rising. Therefore, it is possible to reliably backwash the sediment, which is filth, clogging the discharge holes 41 of the porous plate 40.

(e) Both sides of the groove 3 have sloped bottom surfaces 38, 39 that slope upward as they move further outward.
Continuous to. Therefore, the waste flows along these inclined bottom surfaces 38 and 39 to the discharge holes 41 of the perforated plate 40.
It enters into the grooves 37 from above, making it possible to collect all the filth in the culture tank into the grooves 37.

(f) Above the perforated plate 40, there is a cylindrical body 5 made of a porous material that partially extends in the longitudinal direction of the culture tank 3.
3 is provided, and air is forced into the cylindrical body 53 to constitute the aeration means 52, so that a water flow that circulates in the vertical direction can be formed from side to side. This allows all of the water in the culture tank 3 to contain oxygen. Therefore, aquaculture can be carried out under highly overcrowded conditions.

Furthermore, when a farmed eel dies, it is carried to the surface of the water by the vertically circulating water current. Therefore, such carcasses can be captured from above the culture tank 3 and disposed of.

Moreover, due to such a water flow circulating in the vertical direction, filth is collected near the center of the left and right sides when viewed from one side of the culture tank, and such filth is drained from the discharge hole 41 of the perforated plate 40 to the groove. Go inside 37. In this way, it becomes possible to easily discharge the dirt in the groove 37 to the outside.

(g) Also, in areas where such vertically circulating water flow is not formed, multi-tiered nets are erected vertically. Therefore, eels can live on these nets. Therefore, it is possible to cultivate many eels in a relatively small culture tank, and the amount of exercise of the eels is reduced, so that growth can be accelerated.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an overall system diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the culture tank 3, FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the culture tank 3 cut away, and FIG. 4 is a nozzle pipe 42, 5 is a cross-sectional view of the nozzle pipe 42, FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of the nozzle pipe 42, FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the vicinity of the groove 37, and FIG.
The figure is a cutaway perspective view of the feeding device. 1...Building, 3...Aquaculture tank, 13...Living means, 18...filtering device, 93...Activated sludge layer, 2
5... Porous substance, 40... Porous plate, 42... Nozzle pipe, 43... Cleaning pipe, 44... Nozzle hole, 5
7... Frame body, 58... Net, 65... Main body, 69...
... Placement body, 68, 71 ... Net, 72, 73 ... Entrance/exit hole.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Bottom portion 36 of culture tank 3 having a rectangular horizontal cross section
A groove 37, which is a concave curved surface extending horizontally in a straight line at the center position in the left-right direction along the longitudinal direction and having a smoothly curved inner circumferential surface, is formed on both sides of the groove 37. A sloped bottom surface 38 that slopes upward as it gets farther away from the
39, a nozzle pipe 42 is disposed in this groove 37 and extends within the groove 37 and along the groove 37. At the lower part of the nozzle pipe 42, on one end side of the groove 37, a nozzle pipe 42 is arranged. Nozzle holes 44 having axes inclined obliquely downward in a certain transfer direction 45 are formed at intervals in the axial direction of the nozzle pipe 42 , water is force-fed into the nozzle pipe 42 , and water is fed within the groove 37 . A cleaning pipe 43 is disposed above the nozzle pipe 42 and extending along the groove 37, and a plurality of nozzle holes are provided on both side walls of the cleaning pipe 43 at intervals in the axial direction of the cleaning pipe 43. 46 is formed, air is forced into this cleaning pipe 43, and a perforated plate 40 is mounted on the upper part of the groove 37, and on this perforated plate 40, the eel being cultivated enters the groove 37. First, a large number of discharge holes 41 having a size that allows the precipitated filth to pass through are formed, and above the perforated plate 40, an aeration means 52 extending horizontally along the longitudinal direction of the culture tank 3 is arranged. The aeration means 52 has a cylindrical body 53 made of a porous material that partially extends in the longitudinal direction, and air is fed under pressure to this cylindrical body 53, and the part of the culture tank 3 where the cylindrical body 53 is not disposed is filled with air. An eel farming device characterized in that a multi-tiered net 58 is installed vertically.