JPS6187961A - internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To perform exhaust heat recovery power generation for an internal-combusion engine in a simple manner as well as to heighten the generating output and efficiency of a thermoelectric element module, by utilizing the radiation of heat from the thermoelectric element module for preheating of a suction air-fuel mixture or for carburetion of liquid fuel in the mixture. CONSTITUTION:A thermoelectric element module 13 is installed in a way of exposing one side heat transmission surface 14 to the inside of an air-fuel mixture passage 6 while the other side heat transmission surface 15 to the inside of an exhaust gas passage 7, respectively, at a connecting part between the mixture passage 6 and the exhaust gas passage 7. And, the thermoelectric element module 13 performs power generation in the following processes that the heat transmission surface 15 is heated by high temperature exhaust gas inside the exhaust gas passage 7, and the heat transmission surface 14 is cooled by an air-fuel mixture and evaporation latent heat of gasoline in the mixture. And, output of the thermoelectric element module 13 is fed to a storage battery 19 through a lead wire 18 connected to both ends of it and power storage takes place in this way. At this time, temperature at both ends of these heat transmission surfaces 14 and 15 is detected by a thermocouple 16, while a damper 12 is controlled by a controller 17 and high temperature exhaust gas flow is controlled as well.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to internal combustion engines, and more particularly to spark ignition engines.

Structure of a conventional example and its problems FIG. 1 shows a conventional example of a spark ignition gasoline engine.In this case, intake air is drawn into a caplet-Nator 3 via an air cleaner 2 as a piston 1 descends. Furthermore, gasoline is ejected from a nozzle 6 due to the negative pressure generated in the ventilator part 4 and mixed with air. After that, gasoline is jetted out from the nozzle 6 and mixed with air.
Gasoline vaporizes and becomes a homogeneous mixture, resulting in combustion v9'
・In addition, the amount of intake air mixture is adjusted by opening and closing the intake knob -9. Next, the air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber σ is compressed by the piston 1, and then ignited by the spark plug 10, resulting in explosive combustion and pushing down the piston 1. The exhaust gas is then exhausted from the exhaust pulp 11 through the exhaust gas passage 12. At this time, the high-temperature exhaust gas in the exhaust gas passage 12 heats the fuel heating section 8 made of a thin metal plate, thereby heating the mixture in the mixture passage θ. Furthermore, the amount of high-temperature exhaust gas that heats the fuel heating section 8 is adjusted by the bump and knee 12 in the exhaust gas passage 7, and when the mixture passage 6 is low temperature, increase it (solid line position in the figure). Bimetal (not shown) to reduce F′i (silver line position in the figure)
controlled by.

In order to utilize the heat of this high-temperature exhaust gas, one heat conduction surface of the thermoelectric element module 13 is brought into close contact with the outer wall C of the exhaust gas passage 7, and the heat is radiated into the atmosphere from the other side. Electricity was stored in batteries.

In the above conventional example, the heat of the high-temperature exhaust gas is first used as the latent heat of vaporization of gasoline in the mixture, but the 78
This amount is a very small amount of the amount of heat carried away by the exhaust gas, and it is difficult to say that it is being used effectively. In addition, the exhaust gas is also used for 1'JO heat of the thermoelectric element module 13,
Electrical output can be obtained here, but considering that the conversion efficiency of existing thermoelectric element modules is only a few percent, and the internal thermal conductivity is not low, this thermoelectric element module Most of the heat that enters from one heat conducting surface is radiated into the atmosphere from the other heat conducting surface, and as a result, this heat is forced to be radiated from the element module to the atmosphere using a fan etc. unless done intentionally,
It was difficult to maintain a sufficient temperature difference between the four sides of the Gagenden to maximize its performance.

Object of the Invention The present invention relates to power generation using exhaust heat of an internal combustion engine, particularly a spark ignition engine, using a thermoelectric element module.
The purpose of this invention is to utilize the heat radiation of the thermoelectric element module for preheating the intake air-fuel mixture or vaporizing the liquid fuel in the air-fuel mixture, thereby increasing the power generation output and efficiency.

DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the present invention in a spark ignition engine.The symbols in the figure are the same as those in FIG. 1. Here, the thermoelectric element module 13 includes a mixture passage 6 and an exhaust gas passage 7.
One heat conductive surface 14 is exposed in the air-fuel mixture passage 6 and the other heat conductive surface 15 is exposed in the exhaust gas passage T at the joint portion with the exhaust gas passage T.

One heat conduction surface 16 of the thermoelectric element module 13 is heated by the high temperature exhaust gas in the exhaust gas passage 7,
The other heat conductive surface 14 is cooled by the latent heat of vaporization of the air-fuel mixture and gasoline in the air-fuel mixture, thereby generating power. Therefore, the heat conduction surface 14 serves as a heating surface for preheating the air-fuel mixture and vaporizing gasoline to produce a mixture with a uniform concentration. Forced cooling by the latent heat of vaporization improves the heat dissipation effect of the thermoelectric element module 13, resulting in an increase in its output. In addition, in order to maintain the temperature condition of the surface heat conduction surface 14.16 where the power generation output of this thermoelectric element module 13 is always the maximum output, the temperature at both ends of the surface is measured by the thermocouple 161/l. The damper 12 in the exhaust gas passage 7 is opened and closed by the hammer 17 to control the flow rate of the high temperature exhaust gas that heats the heat transfer surface 15 (see Fig. 3). This abrasive machine t1-4 allows the thermoelectric element module 13 to be maintained at all times even when the amount of combustion in the engine changes (or the flow velocity of the intake air-fuel mixture changes), and the amount of heat released from the heat transfer surface 14 changes. The output of this thermoelectric element module 13 is controlled by the lead wires 18 connected to both ends of the storage battery.
9 and stores electricity.

Generally, the low calorific value of gasoline 1 to 7 is 10,000K.
c2L1 degree, its heat of vaporization is 80 K per I K5+
Since the power generation efficiency of a Pb-Te thermoelectric element is about 5% at a high temperature of 400°C and a low temperature of about 150'C, if 1000 g of gasoline is burned every hour with a carrot, its vaporization and digestion will be 800 Kc&l/h as heat
The input from the exhaust gas to the thermoelectric element module to compensate for it may be sa 2 Kcal/h, and the amount of heat carried away by the exhaust gas from the engine is equal to 3 of the heat input.
Even if it is 0%, there will be no shortage. The output of the thermoelectric element module at this time is approximately 50W.

Also, by inputting a lot of exhaust heat into the above module,
If the air-fuel mixture is preheated in conjunction with its vaporization, even more output can easily be obtained. In addition, as a thermoelectric element, Pb
Application of nm and p-type semiconductors including amorphous materials other than -Te, B1-Te, and 5i-Cre systems is also possible.

Effects of the Invention As is clear from the above explanation, the internal combustion engine of the present invention can perform exhaust heat recovery power generation in a small and easy manner, and can improve the heat dissipation of the thermoelectric element module to increase its output and efficiency. .

In addition, by controlling the temperature conditions of the thermoelectric element module so that it is in an optimal state, its performance can always be maximized.

Furthermore, 'rIL! in an internal combustion engine! There is no need for an auxiliary power source such as a generator, and by storing the output of the thermoelectric element module in a storage battery, the electrical output can be used even during non-combustion.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a main part of a conventional spark ignition engine, FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a main part of a spark ignition engine showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing a control circuit thereof. 1...Piston, 6...Mixture passage,
7... Exhaust gas passage, 9... Combustion chamber,
12... Damper 1.13... Thermoelectric element module, 14.15... Instep/thermal conduction surface, 16...
... Thermocouple, 1γ ... Damper opening/closing controller, 18 ... Lead wire, 19 West / °Storage battery @ Name of agent Patent attorney Toshio Nakao Haga 1st person Figure 1 Figure 3

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) An air/fuel mixer, a fuel vaporizer, a mixture passage, a combustion chamber, and an exhaust gas passage are provided, and one heat conductive surface of the thermoelectric element module is placed in close contact with the outer wall or inner wall of the exhaust gas passage, or within the passage. and the other heat conductive surface is exposed to the fuel heating part of the fuel vaporizer or in the mixer passage, and the lead wires connected to both ends of the thermoelectric element module are connected to a storage battery. . (2) A damper that changes the flow direction of the exhaust gas upstream of the thermoelectric element module installation part in the exhaust gas passage is provided in the exhaust gas passage, and the angle of the damper is adjusted according to the temperature of both heat conduction surfaces of the thermoelectric element module. An internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein the internal combustion engine is configured to control.