JPS6187964A - injection valve - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to an injection valve for injecting fuel for combustion in an engine.

[Background Art and Problems to be Solved] Fuel is supplied to automobile engines using electronic fuel injection valves that have high output and are advantageous in terms of exhaust gas control.

The injection valves may be installed at the gathering part of the intake manifold, or independent injection valves may be installed near the entrance of each combustion chamber.

In any case of fuel injection, the injection timing and injection amount of fuel v1 are appropriately controlled, and the fuel v1 is mixed with the air introduced from the air cleaner and supplied to the engine.

For this reason, it is necessary that the fuel injected from the fuel injection valve be well atomized.

However, in reality, the atomization of fuel is insufficient, so swirling is given to the fuel in advance, or an air jet nozzle 12 is provided around the fuel nozzle 10 at right angles to the axis of the fuel nozzle 10, as shown in FIG. This is used to eject airflow to improve fuel atomization. Furthermore, an injection valve that gives swirl to this airflow has also been proposed. However, since this air jet [112] is provided coaxially with respect to the fuel nozzle 10, the ejected air flow 14 is formed so as to surround the jet p 16 in the fuel jet direction, as shown in FIG. Ru. Since fuel atomization is mainly performed by shearing force caused by the velocity difference between the spray 16 and the airflow 14 (see FIG. 21), such a conventional structure results in insufficient atomization. Furthermore, since the airflow 14 is constantly ejected, the amount of airflow consumed is large.

In an injection valve, in order to eliminate the delay in the fuel reaching the combustion chamber, it is preferable to inject the fuel into the vicinity of the combustion chamber, but as mentioned above, the atomization of the fuel is insufficient, so the distribution of the fuel is difficult. The condition deteriorates and the engine cannot continue to operate stably.

Furthermore, even in a so-called single-point injection system with one injector, if the fuel is injected downstream of the throttle valve, the distribution of fuel to each cylinder deteriorates due to poor atomization of the fuel injected from the injector. The engine cannot continue to operate stably.

Therefore, in many cases, the injection valve is installed upstream of the throttle valve.

In addition, some systems try to disperse the injected fuel using the airflow that exists in the combustion chamber, but because an extremely rich mixture is formed in the center of the injected fuel, combustion deteriorates and combustion emissions such as soot are emitted. This causes a large amount of material to be discharged and prevents good heat generation.

The present invention has been made in consideration of the above facts, and an object of the present invention is to obtain an injection valve that can improve the atomization of fuel and, in particular, can control the scattering direction and spray pattern of the fuel.

[g: Outline and operation of light] The injection valve according to the present invention includes an injection port for fuel, etc., a fluid injection port that opens toward the fuel injected from the periphery of the injection port, and a fluid ejected from the fluid injection port. and control means for controlling. Therefore, the ejected fluid controlled by the control means is injected from the fluid nozzle toward the fuel, shearing the fuel with the kinetic energy of the fluid, improving the atomization of the fuel, and controlling the direction of the fuel scattering and the spray pattern. It has become.

In a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, a control device is provided with a fixed aperture and a movable aperture that moves with respect to the fixed aperture, and when the two apertures meet, fluid is supplied to the fluid jet port. .

Therefore, the fluid jets are opened only when necessary, reducing fluid consumption. In addition, by opening and closing the fluid nozzle intermittently, fuel injection can be performed in synchronization with engine rotation, controlling the direction of spray dispersion, improving fuel distribution to each engine combustion chamber, and directing it to the intake pipe. In injection type engines, by freely controlling the distribution of the air-fuel mixture formed in the combustion chamber, it is possible to improve the ignitability of the air-fuel mixture and reduce the amount of harmful emissions that form in the rich region. be able to.

These intermittent injections can be achieved by forming a movable opening in a part of the rotating plate and arranging this rotating plate coaxially with the injection plate, or by arranging multiple fixed openings around the injection port and sequentially connecting them to the moving opening. This can easily be accomplished by other specific implementation aspects, such as matching the .

[Embodiment of the Invention] FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the present invention, in which a valve body 22 is housed in a case 20 so as to be movable in the axial direction, and is in contact with a fuel injection port 24. It is possible to separate.

This valve body 22 is pressed against the fuel injection port 24 by the biasing force of an elastic body, but is moved in the axial direction by a coil 26 installed in the case 20, and when it moves in a direction away from the fuel injection port 24, the fuel injection port 24 is moved. Open and fuel injection port 24
The fuel is injected through a fuel supply pipe 28 connected to the fuel supply pipe 28.

An air guide hole 30 is bored in the case 20 so as to intersect with the axial direction of the fuel injection port 24 (vertical direction in FIG. 1), and the tip of this air guide hole 30 opens near the fuel injection port 24. This is an air nozzle 32. This air guide hole 30 is communicated with an air supply source 38 through an air guide hole 34 and an on-off valve 36 as a control means.

The air nozzle 32 intersects the fuel nozzle 24 at an acute angle when viewed from the fuel injection direction, and the air jetted from the air nozzle 32 intersects with the fuel jetted from the fuel nozzle 24 and flows into the fuel. It is designed to provide shearing force.

Therefore, in this embodiment, when the on-off valve 36 is closed and an excitation force is applied to the coil 26, the valve body 22 moves and the fuel injection [124
In order to release the fuel, the fuel is injected into the fuel injection port as shown in Figure 2. 4 is sprayed in the axial direction. In this case, the fuel particle size is large.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 3, if the on-off valve 36 is opened and the air from the air supply source 38 is jetted out from the air nozzle 32,
Since this air collides with the fuel injected from the fuel injection port 24, the fuel is atomized and becomes a spray or mist state with small particles. During this spraying, the fuel from the fuel injection port 24 is bent in a direction deviated from the axis by the air from the air injection port 32.

The opening degree and opening/closing timing of the on-off valve 36 can be freely adjusted, and by adjusting the axial direction of the air nozzle 32 during manufacture, the direction of fuel scattering can be appropriately controlled.

Furthermore, it is of course possible to drive the valve body 22 by a mechanical drive device instead of the coil 26 in the above embodiment.

4 and 5 show an injection valve according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

In this embodiment, an upper case 40 and a lower case 42 are provided, and the upper case 40 has a valve body 2 as in the previous embodiment.
2. A coil 26 is disposed, and the valve body 22 is configured to move in the axial direction when the coil 26 is energized.

The lower case 42 is disposed coaxially with the upper case 40, and has a fuel injection port 24 at its lower end with which the tip of the valve body 22 comes into contact, and an air injection port to a raised portion 44 protruding from a part of the lower end surface. 32 is formed.

The correspondence relationship between the air injection port 32 and the fuel injection port 24 is the same as in the previous embodiment.

A space is provided between the lower case 42 and the upper case 40, and a rotary cylinder 46 is housed therein. The shaft of the upper case 40 passes through the inner periphery of the rotary cylinder 46, and a bearing 48 and a bearing 50 are provided at the upper end and the lower end of the upper case 40 and the upper case 40, respectively. It is pivotally supported by the lower case 42 and is rotatable coaxially with the fuel injection port 24 .

Further, a gear 52 is carved on the outer periphery of the upper end of the rotary cylinder 46, and meshes with a timing belt (not shown). This timing belt rotates under the driving force of a motor, engine crankshaft, etc. (not shown).

Further, a rotating plate 54 projecting in the radial direction is integrally formed at the lower end of the rotating cylinder 46, and a sector-shaped moving opening 56 is penetrated through a part of the rotating plate 54, as shown in FIG. has been done. One end of the moving opening 56 communicates with a ring-shaped air chamber 47 between the lower case 42 and the rotary cylinder 46, and the other end corresponds to an air guide port 58 communicating with the air nozzle 32. .

That is, when the rotating plate 54 rotates, the movable opening 56 sequentially repeats the blocking state and the communicating state with the air guide port 58, and when the movable opening 56 is aligned with the air guide port 58, the air guide hole 60 formed in the lower case 42 The air from the air supply source introduced into the air chamber 47 is injected into the air nozzle 32.

Therefore, in this embodiment, the rotation of the rotary cylinder 46 and the fuel injection port 2 are
If the fuel injections from air injection ports 32 and 4 do not match, as shown in FIG. When the fuel injection from 24 is matched, it becomes possible to spray atomized fuel by changing the injection direction as shown in FIG.

In this embodiment, since the air passage switching by the moving opening 56 is performed near the air nozzle 32, the ability of the air division to follow the opening and closing of the air flow path is good. As a result, the two types of spray conditions shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. Since the changes occur at intervals of about 9.03 seconds or less, high-speed control is possible.

FIG. 9 shows the injection valve of the second embodiment arranged so as to face the combustion chamber 62. In FIG. The combustion chamber 62 is connected to the cylinder head 64. The cylinder head 64 is formed by a piston 68 that moves downward, and an injection valve protruding from a part of the cylinder head 64 is arranged toward a part of a recess 70 formed at the top of the piston 68, and the injection valve is arranged to face a part of a recess 70 formed at the top of the piston 68. The injection direction is appropriately bent so that the fuel atomized by air injection from the nozzle port 32 spreads over the entire area of the recess 70.

Next, FIGS. 10(a) and 10(b) show a third embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, four air nozzles 32A, 32B, 32C, 3 are provided in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the fuel nozzle 24.
2D are open, and are spaced at approximately equal distances from the axis of the fuel injection port 24 and equally spaced from each other.

Among these air nozzles 32A to 32D, air nozzle 32
B and 32C are arranged between 32A and 32D, and communicate with the air chamber 47 via air guide ports 58A and 58D, respectively. Further, the air jet ports 32B and 32C communicate with the air chamber 47 via air guide ports 58B and 58C.

The communication portions of these air guide ports 58A to 58D to the air chamber 47 are arranged at equal intervals around the axis when viewed in the axial direction of the rotary plate 54. Therefore, when the rotating plate 54 rotates,
Each time the rotation angle of the rotating plate 54 advances by 45 degrees, the moving opening 56
communicates with the air guide ports 58A to 58D sequentially to form the air nozzle 3.
Air is ejected from 2A to 32D, and the direction of spraying the atomized fuel can be changed.

Next, FIG. 11(a) shows a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

In this embodiment, four air injection ports 32 of the second embodiment are arranged at equal intervals around the fuel injection port 24, and each air guide port 58 communicates with the air injection ports 32. The other end portions of these air guide ports 58 can communicate intermittently with the moving opening 56 when the rotating plate 54 rotates, as in the previous embodiment.

Therefore, in this embodiment, the spray direction of the atomized fuel can be changed in four directions around the axis of the fuel injection port 24 by rotating the rotary plate 54, as shown in FIGS. 13 to 16.

FIG. 12 is an enlarged view of the tip of the injection valve shown in FIG. 11(a) when it is applied to a mechanical injection valve.

FIG. 17 shows the injection valve of this fourth embodiment installed in an air cleaner 72.
The structure is shown located at the branch of the intake manifold 76 from the engine 74 to the engine 74. This injection valve has an intake manifold 76
Intake pipe 76A to intake pipe 7 which are branched at and reach each fuel chamber
By applying the spray conditions shown in FIGS. 13 to 16 to 6D, it is possible to reliably inject an equal amount of atomized fuel into each combustion chamber.

The injection direction, injection amount, etc. injected in this way are determined by the fuel injection port 24. It can be arbitrarily adjusted by changing the shape direction and number of air jet ports 32.

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, in the injection valve according to the present invention, a fluid injection port is provided that opens toward the fuel injected from the periphery of the injection port, and the ejected fluid is controlled by the control means, so that the fuel is atomized. It has the excellent effect of being able to control the spray direction and spray pattern at the same time.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a sectional view showing an injection valve according to a first embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is an operational diagram of Fig. 1 showing an injection state in which fuel is not atomized, and Fig. 3 is a sectional view showing an injection valve in which fuel is not atomized. FIG. 1 is an operational view showing the injector in a state in which
Figure 6 shows the fourth injection state where the fuel is not atomized.
7 is an operation diagram of FIG. 4 showing a state in which the fuel is atomized, FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of the main parts of a mechanical injection valve according to a second embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 9 is a sectional view showing the injection valve of the second embodiment arranged in the combustion chamber, FIG. 1θ (a) is a sectional view showing the third embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
b) is a sectional view taken along the line X-X of Fig. 1θ (a), and Fig. 11 (a)
) is a sectional view showing the fourth embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 11(b)
11(a), FIG. 12 is an enlarged view of the main parts showing the state in which the fourth embodiment of the present invention is applied to a mechanical injection valve, and FIGS. Figure 16 is the first
A sectional view showing the operating state corresponding to Fig. 1, Fig. 17 is a sectional view showing the operating state corresponding to Fig.
18 is a sectional view showing the state between the engine and the air cleaner to which the embodiment is applied; FIG. 18 is a sectional view taken along the line X--xm in FIG. 17; FIG. The figure is a sectional view showing the injection state by a conventional injection valve, and Fig. 21 is a diagram showing the velocity distribution in the cross section taken along line XX I-XX I in Fig. 20, where the vertical axis is the velocity V and the horizontal axis is the velocity distribution from the nozzle. The length is L. 24Φ・Φ fuel injection port, 32・fist・air injection port. 36...Opening/closing valve, 46...Fist rotating tube, 54...9 rotating plate, 56...Movement opening, 58.O.Air guide port.

Claims (6)

[Claims] (1) An injection characterized by having an injection port for fuel, etc., a fluid injection port that opens toward the fuel injected from the vicinity of the injection port, and a control means for controlling the fluid ejected from the fluid injection port. valve. (2) The injection valve according to claim 1, wherein the control means has a fixed opening and a movable opening that moves relative to the fixed opening, and supplies fluid to the fluid jet when both openings match. (3) The injection valve according to claim 2, wherein the movable opening is formed in a part of a rotary plate, and the rotary plate is arranged near the injection port. (4) The injection valve according to claim 3, wherein at least one fixed opening is arranged near the injection port, and these openings are sequentially matched with the moving opening. (5) The injection valve according to claim 2, wherein the moving opening is formed in a part of a rotating plate, and the rotating plate is arranged coaxially with the injection port. (6) a plurality of the fixed openings are arranged around the injection port;
6. An injection valve according to claim 5, wherein these are sequentially matched with moving openings.