JPS62200657A - Lead storage battery - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make it possible to restrict the decreasing amount of electrolyte and to reduce the water feeding frequency in the operation, by adding tin in the manufacture of lead alloy containing antimony of a higher rate than a grid. CONSTITUTION:Tin of 0.05 to 0.2wt% is contained in the lead alloy of an electrode plate group strap, pole, and cell-to-cell connector containing antimony more than a grid alloy, and in the lead alloy of a terminal pole and the terminal member. In such a process, the antimony is scattered and distributed evenly, and an intermetallic compound of antimony and tin is produced to generate a very minute variation of alloy condition, to restrict the deteriorations of anticorrosion, the antimony solution rate at the cathode, and the hydrogen generation overvoltage at the anode. Therefore, the decreasing amount of electrolyte is controlled and the water feeding frequency can be reduced in a lead storage battery.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Industrial applications The present invention relates to improvements in lead-acid batteries.

The present invention provides a maintenance-free battery that can reduce the loss of electrolyte during use.

Conventional technology Lead alloys with an antimony content of 2 to 5 in the main seam have been used for grid alloys for lead-acid batteries, and in addition, from the viewpoint of grid castability, various trace elements, such as arsenic, have been used. (As), copper (Ou), etc. are added.

In recent years, there has been an increase in the need for imageless -1lPl for lead-acid batteries, which are used for various purposes such as automatic and stationary use. Batteries using calcium alloys and the like that do not contain antimony have been developed. Furthermore, there is active development of batteries having a so-called hybrid structure in which the anode and cathode are made of different alloys.

This type of battery uses a low antimony alloy for the anode and a calcium alloy for the cathode, and is designed to avoid lowering the hydrogen overvoltage at the cathode, which is associated with electrolyte depletion.

However, when manufacturing this type of lead-acid battery, multiple positive and negative electrode plates are connected in parallel with straps, and in order to achieve 12V as in automatic heavy-duty lead-acid batteries, intercell connection parts are required. [The basic structure is such that a predetermined number of unit batteries are connected in series, and the cells at both ends are provided with terminal poles.

Conventionally, lead alloys with high antimony content have generally been used in this type of battery assembly from the viewpoint of cost.

Therefore, during manufacturing and use, sb ions are easily eluted from the lead alloy part that undergoes anodization, and hydrogen generation increases in the part that undergoes cathodic reduction, each of which affects the battery's lightning power. First, it had the disadvantage that self-discharge performance during storage also deteriorated.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention In view of the above-mentioned points, the present invention aims to improve the fluid reduction performance of lead-acid batteries.

Means for Solving the Problems The present invention provides a lead alloy for plate group straps, poles, intercell connectors, terminal poles, and terminal portions having an antimony content greater than that of the lattice alloy. ~
It contains 0.2% by weight of tin.

Effect By having the above-mentioned characteristics, when manufacturing lead alloy parts containing higher antimony than the lattice body, by adding a small amount of tin, [antimony is distributed uniformly,
Intermetallic compounds of antimony and tin (e.g. 8 n@
S JSns Sb.

8ns Sb, etc.) is thought to cause a microscopic change in the state of the alloy, making it possible to suppress corrosion resistance, the degree of antimony elution from the anode, and the decrease in hydrogen generation overvoltage at the cathode polarization section. considered to be a thing.

This type of effect is caused by oxygen overvoltage and hydrogen overvoltage, and is effective for lead-acid batteries in general, regardless of whether they are stationary batteries or automatic marine storage batteries.

Example An embodiment of the present invention will be described.

As a test lead-acid battery, the antimony content was 1.5, 2, 9, 4.3% by weight by casting (the battery components were AsO, 3% by weight, Sn 0.05% by weight).
Cucent, 80.03 weight percent, balance lead) anode grid and cast by o, o8ffiJlt percent calcium-〇. A cathode lattice made of 8-fold ffi percent tin is used, and each lattice body is injected with predetermined positive and
The cathode paste was filled and dried to assemble the CW4 board group. At that time, as shown in Table 1, a lead-acid battery was fabricated using a strap alloy with a high antimony content in the lattice alloy (3.0 weight percent antimony) and an adjusted tin content.The test battery was 5) -fR capacity b1 was set to 48 Ah, and after initial charging, the electrolyte specific gravity was set to 1,280.

After the first charge, the battery was tested for 90 consecutive days at a constant voltage of tSV in a 25°C water tank, and the amount of liquid loss was determined from the battery weight loss.The amount of metallic antimony eluted into the cathode active material was measured using atomic absorption spectrometry. It was quantified by

The @L table summarizes the types of test batteries, liquid loss, and amount of antimony in the cathode active material.

Table 1 From Table 1, depending on the antimony content in the anode lattice,
The amount of fluid lost has changed significantly.

■When a lead alloy with an antimony content of 1.5 mm, 2.7 mm, or 4.3 mm is used for the grid, tin is not added or 0.5 mm.
The amount of liquid reduction is smaller when 0.05 to 0.21 is added than when 254 or more is added, and supporting this, there is a tendency that the amount of metal antimony deposited on the cathode active material is smaller. According to the embodiment, the liquid loss can be suppressed by approximately [0 to 20 scratches. Effects of the invention by adding 0.1 to 0.2 percent by weight As described above, the present invention has the effect of suppressing the amount of fluid loss in lead-acid batteries and reducing the frequency of water replenishment to lead-acid batteries.

Claims (1)

[Claims] In a lead-acid battery using an antimony-based lead alloy for the anode grid alloy and a lead or lead alloy that does not substantially contain antimony for the cathode grid alloy, a group of electrode plates having an antimony content higher than the antimony content in the anode grid alloy. A lead-acid battery characterized in that the strap, the poles, the intercell connectors, the terminal poles, and the lead alloy outside the terminal grid have a tin content of 0.05 to 0.2 percent by weight.