JPS6220534B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a focal plane shutter with slit blades that are operated separately, and more particularly to a slit blade of a focal plane shutter in which both the leading blade group and the trailing blade group are composed of a slit blade and a light-shielding blade. and regarding the operation of opening and closing the aperture of the light-shielding blade.

For example, in focal plane shutters that have shutter blades divided into multiple parts to reduce the size of the shutter, there is a risk of light leaking from the overlapping parts of the blades when covering the aperture, so light leakage is prevented. It was necessary to take measures for this purpose.

Therefore, conventionally, the aperture is covered twice by a group of leading blades and a group of trailing blades to prevent light leakage from the overlapping portion of the blades.

There are two methods for this method; one is to double cover the aperture with the leading blade group and the trailing blade group before the shutter is set, but the trailing blade group is moved to the starting position ( The other type has a structure in which both blade groups cover the aperture twice before and after the shutter is set, that is, the rear blade group retreats to the starting position even after the shutter is set. It is of a structure that does not.

However, with the former structure, after the shutter is set, the trailing blade group retreats to the starting position, and the aperture is covered only by the leading blade group, which is insufficient to prevent light leakage, and the blades overlap. This has the disadvantage of requiring a large number of parts, which hinders miniaturization of the shutter blade group.

In the latter structure, since the aperture is covered by both blade groups before and after the shutter is set, light leakage is sufficiently prevented, but on the other hand, it has the following drawbacks and is not preferable.

In other words, in the latter case, when the shutter is released after the shutter is set, the rear blade group quickly retracts to the starting position, and then the leading blade group operates to open the aperture for exposure. , because the exposure becomes unstable at the leading edge of the screen due to the bounce that occurs in the rear blade group.
It was not possible to operate the leading blade group until the bounce of the trailing blade group became stable.

In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks, the present invention has a structure in which the aperture is covered twice by the leading blade group and the trailing blade group before and after the shutter is set, but a focus plane is created that does not cause any adverse effects due to the bounce of the trailing blade group. The purpose is to provide shutters.

According to the feature of the present invention, at least the slit blade and the light shielding blade of the rear blade group can be operated separately, and before the shutter is set, all or part of the blades constituting the leading blade group and the rear blade group are separated. Double covering the aperture with all or part of the constituent blades,
After the shutter is set, only the light-shielding blades that do not bounce in the rear blade group and the leading blade group cover the aperture twice, but the traveling distance is long and the inertia is large.
Therefore, the slit blades, which tend to bounce, are retracted in advance to the position where the aperture is opened, and only the light shielding blades are retracted to the start position by the shutter release.

The present invention will be explained below based on the illustrated embodiments.

First of all, FIGS. 1 to 6 are simplified cross-sectional views of the first embodiment, explaining the opening and closing operations of each blade group.
The figure shows the state after the shutter is set, FIG. 2 shows the state immediately after the shutter is released, FIG. 3 shows the aperture open, FIG. 4 shows the state immediately after the end of exposure, FIG. 5 shows the state after that, and FIG. 6 shows the state after the end of the photographing operation.

7 to 12 are plan views of the shutter mechanism for opening and closing the blade group, and each of the first
The operating states are shown in correspondence with FIGS.

First, explanation will be given based on FIGS. 1 to 6.

In the figure, numeral 1 denotes a shutter plate in which an aperture 1a is formed. 2 is an intermediate plate, and 3 is a cover plate, each having windows 2a and 3a corresponding to the aperture 1a. 4 is a leading blade group, which includes a slit blade 4a and three light shielding blades 4b, 4.
It is composed of c and 4d. 5 is the hind wing group,
It is composed of a slit blade 5a and two light shielding blades 5b and 5c.

Next, the opening and closing operations of each blade group will be explained.

First, FIG. 6 shows the state where one photographing operation has been completed, and the slit blades 4a and 5a of the leading blade group 4 and the trailing blade group 5 are in a folded state.
Each of the light-shielding blades 4b, 4c, 4d, 5b, and 5c is expanded to cover the aperture 1a doubly.

When the shutter set operation is performed from the state shown in FIG. 6, the slit blade 4a of the leading blade group 4 moves to a position covering the aperture 1a and is charged, as shown in FIG. On the other hand, the rear blade group 5 remains unchanged, but the power source of the slit blade 5a is charged. The power sources of the light shielding blades 5b and 5c are already charged in the state shown in FIG.

Thereafter, due to the initial operation of the shutter release, as shown in FIG.
b and 5c are folded to the starting position at high speed. Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 3, the leading blade group 4 is folded at high speed to open the aperture 1a and exposure is started.

Thereafter, when a suitable time has elapsed, the rear blade group 5 expands to cover the aperture 1a and one exposure is completed, as shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG.
b, 4c, and 4d are expanded to cover the aperture 1a.

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 6, the slit blades 5a of the rear blade group are retracted to the start position and folded.

One photographing operation is completed with the aperture 1a being doubly covered by the light-shielding blades of the leading blade group and the trailing blade group.

Next, the configuration and operation of the shutter mechanism will be explained based on FIGS. 7 to 12.

FIG. 7 corresponds to the state shown in FIG. 1 after the shutter is set, and in the figure 1 is a shutter plate whose shape is omitted. Reference numeral 12 denotes a front light-shielding blade actuating arm, which operates the light-shielding blades 4b, 4.
The pin 12a that transmits the operating force to the pins 12a and 4d is inserted vertically into the paper, forming a locking surface 12b, a locking surface 12c, and a surface 12d. However, since it is weaker than the spring 18 (described later), the spring 18 attempts to rotate the leading blade to the left via the leading slit blade operating arm 17 and the connecting lever 15, which will be described later. It is restrained by a stop lever 21.

Reference numeral 15 denotes a connecting lever, which is formed with an arm portion 15b having a bend 15a and an engaging arm 15c, and is freely pivoted on the leading shading blade operating arm 12 by a shaft 16, and is connected to the leading blade locking lever described later. The left turning force of 21 causes the pin 12a to come into contact with the pin 12a and be restrained.
17 is a slit-tip blade operating arm, and arm portion 17a
, a pin 17c for driving the slit blade 4a and a set roller 17d are installed, and the shaft 1
3, and a levorotatory driving force is applied by a spring 18, but this is restrained by the above-mentioned means (locking by the leading blade locking lever 21). Reference numeral 19 denotes a release lever, which forms arms 19a and 19b and is connected to the shaft 2.
A dextrorotatory driving force is applied by a spring 20 (one end of which is supported by a leading blade locking lever 21, which will be described later). It is restrained by coming into contact with the surface 12d of the actuating arm 12. Reference numeral 21 denotes a leading blade locking lever, which forms a bent portion 21a, is supported by the shaft 22, and is supported by the spring 2.
0, the levorotatory driving force is applied, but it comes into contact with the stopper and is suppressed. Reference numeral 29 denotes a disconnection lever, which forms an arm portion 29a and is fixed by a shaft 30. 31 is a lock lever, arm part 3
1a and 31b, which are supported by a shaft 32 and are biased with a levorotatory driving force by a spring 33.
The arm portion 31a abuts against the side surface of the front light-shielding blade operating arm 12 and is restrained.

Reference numeral 35 denotes a rear blade drive arm, which has a protrusion 35a, has a set roller 35b upright, is supported by a shaft 36, and is biased with a levorotatory driving force by a spring 37. connection lever 38,
The rear slit blade actuating arm 41 is restrained by a rear blade locking lever 43, which will be described later.
Reference numeral 38 denotes a rear blade connecting lever, which has an arm portion 38b and an arm portion 38c having a bent portion 38a, is pivotally attached to the rear blade drive arm 35 by a pin 39, and is provided with a levorotatory driving force by a spring 40. It is controlled by the stopper. Reference numeral 41 denotes a rear slit blade operating arm, which forms arm portions 41a and 41b, and has a pin 4 that drives the slit blade 5a.
1c, and the right turning force is applied by the spring 42, but since it is weaker than the spring 37, the spring 3 of the rear blade drive arm 35 is applied via the connecting lever 38.
7, the vehicle attempts to turn to the right, but this is restrained by a trailing blade locking lever 43, which will be described later. Reference numeral 43 denotes a rear blade locking lever, which has a bent portion 43a, is supported by a shaft 44, and is biased by a spring 45 to turn left, but is restrained by a stopper. Reference numeral 46 denotes a rear light-shielding blade operating arm, which has a bent portion 46a and a pin 46 that drives the light-shielding blades 5b and 5c.
b is upright and pivotally supported by the shaft 36, and a rightward turning force is applied by a spring 47, but this is restrained by a release lever 48, which will be described later. 48 is a release lever, which forms arm parts 48a and 48b and is connected to the shaft 4.
9, and a right turning force is applied by a spring 50, but this is suppressed by a stopper.

Next, the operation of the above configuration will be explained.

When the shutter release operation is performed in the state after the shutter is set as shown in FIG. 7, the release lever 48 first rotates to the left to release the restraint of the bent portion 46a of the rear light-shielding blade operating arm 46, as shown in FIG.
The rear light-shielding blade operating arm 46 is rotated to the right by a spring 47. Due to this right rotation, the light shielding blades 5b and 5c are folded below the aperture 1a in conjunction with the pin 46b (FIG. 2). The right rotation of the rear light-shielding blade operating arm 46 is inhibited by the pin 46b coming into contact with the surface of the arm portion 41b.

By the subsequent shutter release operation,
As shown in FIG. 9, when the leading blade locking lever 21 rotates to the right and the arm portion 12b of the leading shading blade operating arm 12 is unlocked, the leading shading blade operating arm 12 is connected to the leading slit blade operating arm 17. It is rotated to the left by the spring 18 together with the lever 15, and the leading blade group 4 is driven by the pins 12a and 17c to open the aperture 1a.
(Figure 3).

Then, the spring 14 is charged with energy by the counterclockwise rotation movement of the light-shielding vane operating arm 12.

On the other hand, at the final stage of left rotation of the light-shielding blade operating arm 12, the side surface of the bent portion 15a of the connection lever 15 comes into contact with the side surface of the arm portion 29a of the connection release lever 29, and the connection lever 15 is rotated to the right. This clockwise rotation releases the engagement between the engagement arm 15c and the arm portion 17a of the tip slit blade operating arm 17, and the tip shielding blade operating arm 12 attempts to rotate clockwise by the spring 14, but as shown in FIG. As shown, the lock lever 31 falls onto the lock surface 12c and is locked, thereby being restrained.

Thereafter, when a suitable time has elapsed, the rear blade locking lever 43 is rotated to the right by a member (not shown), as shown in FIG. 10, and the restraint of the arm portion 41b is released. After the restraint is released, the slit blade actuating arm 41 rotates to the left together with the rear blade driving arm 35 and the rear shading blade actuating arm 46 by the spring 37, and the pin 41c,
46b, the rear blade group 5 is expanded to cover the aperture 1a, and the exposure is completed (fourth
figure).

Then, at the final stage of the left rotation of the rear blade drive arm 35, the protrusion 35a pushes the arm 31b, causing the lock lever 31 to rotate to the right, as shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 11, the first light-shielding blade actuating arm 12, which is released from the restraint by the clockwise rotation of the lock lever 31, is rotated to the right by the spring 14, and the light-shielding blades 4b, 4c are rotated by the pin 12a. 4d to cover the aperture 1a (FIG. 5).

The right rotation of the first light-shielding blade operating arm 12 is caused by the 11th rotation.
As shown in the figure, the surface 12d contacts the stopper and is restrained, but just before that, the release lever 19
Push the arm part 19a of to rotate it to the left. Due to this left rotation, the arm portion 19b pushes the arm portion 38c of the rear blade connecting lever 38 and rotates it to the right, causing the arm portion 4 to move between the bent portion 38a and the arm portion 4.
Release the inhibition of 1a.

Slit blade operating arm 41 after release of restraint
As shown in FIG. 12, the slit blade 5a is rotated to the right by the spring 42, and the slit blade 5a is retracted to the starting position by the pin 41c (FIG. 6), thus completing one photographing operation.

On the other hand, the rear slit blade actuating arm 41 is released from its restraint by the clockwise rotation, and the rear shading blade actuating arm 46 also rotates to the right by the spring 47, but after turning slightly to the right, it is stopped by the release lever 48 which has already returned. connection is restricted.

Next, when the shutter is set for the next photograph from the state shown in FIG. 12, first, the front slit blade operating arm 17 and the rear blade driving arm 35 are simultaneously rotated to the right via the set rollers 17d and 35b.

By turning the tip slit blade operating arm 17 to the right, the slit blade 4a is moved to a position covering the aperture 1a (FIG. 1), and the spring 18 is charged. Then, when the shutter is rotated to the right to the position shown in FIG. 7, the leading blade locking lever 21, which is released from its restraint in the final stage of the shutter setting operation, is rotated to the left by the spring 20, causing the connecting lever 15 to be rotated to the left. Connection lever 1
5, as shown in FIG. 7, the front slit blade actuating arm 17 is prevented from being engaged by the arm portion 15c and becomes integral with the front shading blade actuating arm 12, and at the same time, the front slit blade actuating arm 12 is restrained by the bent portion 21a of the leading blade locking lever 21.

On the other hand, by rotating the rear blade drive arm 35 to the right,
The rear blade connecting lever 38 whose restraint on the arm portion 19b of the release lever 19 is released returns to its left rotation, and engages with the arm portion 41a of the rear slit blade operating arm 41 at the final stage of the right rotation of the rear blade drive arm 35. 7th
It is integrated as shown in the figure. At the same time, the rear blade locking lever 43, which is released from the restraint and rotates to the left by the spring 45, enters into the movement locus of the arm portion 41b of the rear blade drive arm 41. Therefore, by releasing the shutter setting force, the rear blade drive arm 35,
The counterclockwise rotation of the rear slit vane operating arm 41 by the charged spring 37 is inhibited by the rear vane drive locking lever 43 that has entered.

As described above, as shown in FIG. 7, the shutter setting operation is completed by releasing the shutter setting force.

As described above, the slit blade 4a and the light-shielding blades 4b, 4c, 4d of the leading blade group 4 can be operated separately in the same manner as the rear blade group 5, and when the photographing is completed, the light-shielding blades 4b, 4b of each blade group 4, 5, 4c, 4d, 5b,
5c, the first embodiment in which the aperture 1a is covered twice has been described, but since the present invention is not limited to this first embodiment, other embodiments will be described below.

First, FIGS. 13 to 18 show a second embodiment showing the operation of each blade group, and FIG. 19 shows the configuration of the shutter mechanism for this purpose.

Components with the same numbers as those in FIGS. 1 to 6 and 7 are the same members, and therefore, repeated explanations will be omitted.

The feature of the second embodiment is that the leading blade group 4 is configured so that it does not operate in isolation. The difference from the first embodiment due to this configuration is the 17th embodiment.
18, the tip slit blade 4a' covers the aperture 1a.

The configuration of the shutter mechanism for operating the blades of this second embodiment is as shown in FIG. 19 after the shutter is set, and the pin 12a' of the leading blade operating arm 12' is connected to the leading blade group. 4' is different from that shown in FIG. 7, which shows the structure of the shutter mechanism of the first embodiment. In addition, reference numeral 17' designates a leading blade driving arm, which operates in a manner similar to that of the leading slit blade operating arm 17 shown in FIG. 7, but does not require the pin 17c.

Next, FIGS. 20 to 24 show a third embodiment showing the operation of each blade group, and FIG. 25 shows the configuration of the shutter mechanism for this purpose.

Components with the same numbers as those in FIGS. 1 to 6 and 7 are the same members, and therefore, repeated explanations will be omitted.

The feature of the third embodiment is that the slit blade 4a and the light shielding blades 4b, 4c, 4d of the leading blade group 4 are separable, but the slit blade 5a' of the trailing blade group 5' is separated from the light shielding blade 5b before the shutter is set. , 5c so as to cover the aperture 1a.

The structure of the shutter mechanism for operating the blades of this third embodiment is as shown in FIG. 25 after the shutter is set, and the rear blade drive arm 35 and the rear slit blade operation shown in FIG. The difference is that the arm 41 is integrally formed into a rear slit blade operating arm 135.

Next, FIGS. 26 to 30 show a fourth embodiment showing the operation of each blade group, and FIG. 31 shows the configuration of the shutter mechanism for that purpose.

In addition, the above-mentioned figures 13 to 18 and figures 20 to 2
4, FIG. 19, and FIG. 25 are the same members, and therefore, repeated explanations will be omitted.

The fourth embodiment is characterized in that the leading blade group 4' does not operate separately, and the slit blade 5a' of the trailing blade group 5' is a light shielding blade 5b, until the shutter is set.
The reason is that the structure is such that it covers the aperture 1a together with the aperture 5c. In other words, the operation of the leading blade group is a combination of that of the second embodiment, and the operation of the trailing blade group is a combination of that of the third embodiment.

The configuration of the shutter mechanism for operating the blades of this fourth embodiment is as shown in FIG. 31 after the shutter is set, but the configuration related to the leading blade group is the configuration shown in FIG. The configuration related to groups is the same as the configuration in FIG. 25.

The configuration of each embodiment according to the present invention has been described above. In this case, when the light shielding blades 5b, 5c of the rear blade groups 5, 5' are retracted to the start position at the time of shutter release, the light shielding blades bounce It is possible to do this. However, since the traveling distance of the light-shielding blades 5b and 5c is short and their inertia is small, the bounce only occurs slightly and does not pose a problem.

As described above, the present invention enables the slit blade and the light-shielding blade of the rear blade to be operated separately, double covers the aperture before and after the shutter is set, and allows the rear slit blade, which tends to bounce, to be operated by the shutter set. Since the shutter is retracted to the start position, light leakage is sufficiently prevented before and after the shutter is set, and there is no need to delay the operation of the leading blade group due to bounce of the trailing blade group when the shutter is released. Therefore, the effect is that exposure can be started at the same time as the shutter release.
In addition, since it is only necessary to retract the light-shielding blades that have traveled a short distance, the start time of the leading blade group can be further advanced compared to the conventional method.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a simplified sectional view showing the state of the first embodiment of the focal plane shutter according to the present invention after the shutter is set, FIGS. 2 to 6 are explanatory diagrams of the operation of FIG. 1, and FIG. 7 1 is a plan view of the shutter mechanism corresponding to the state shown in FIG. 1, FIGS. 8 to 12 are explanatory views of the operation of FIG. 7, FIG. 13 is a simplified sectional view of the second embodiment, and FIG. 14 18 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of FIG. 13, FIG. 19 is a plan view of the shutter mechanism corresponding to the state of FIG. 13, FIG. 20 is a simplified sectional view of the third embodiment, and FIG. 21 - Fig. 24 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of Fig. 20, Fig. 25 is a plan view of the shutter mechanism corresponding to the state shown in Fig. 20, Fig. 26 is a simplified sectional view of the fourth embodiment, Fig. 27 ~Figure 30 is the second
6 is an explanatory view of the operation, and FIG. 31 is a plan view of the shutter mechanism corresponding to the state shown in FIG. 26. 1...Shutter plate, 1a...Aperture,
4, 4'... Leading blade group, 4a, 4a'... Slit blade, 4b, 4c, 4d... Shading blade, 5, 5'... Trailing blade group, 5a, 5a'... Slit blade, 5b, 5c
...shading feathers.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A leading blade group and a trailing blade group are provided, and at least the trailing blade group is configured such that the rear slit blade and the rear shading blade can be operated separately when the rear blade group is operated in the direction of retreating from the aperture. A focal plane shutter comprising: a rear light shielding blade operating member for driving the rear light shielding blade, which receives a biasing force in the shutter opening direction by a rear light shielding blade operating spring; In order to maintain the position of the rear light-shielding blade which is in a position covering the aperture at times, the rear light-shielding blade operating member is a release member that locks against the rear light-shielding blade operating spring, and the shutter release operation one for releasing the lock and retracting the rear light shielding blade from the aperture by using the rear light shielding blade actuating member; The rear slit blade driving means for driving the rear slit blade receives a biasing force in the shutter closing direction by the rear slit blade driving spring having a force stronger than the rear light shielding blade operating spring, and also receives a biasing force in the shutter closing direction. a rear slit blade actuating member capable of interlocking with the rear slit blade actuating member during movement; and a rear slit blade actuator for locking the rear slit blade driving means against the rear slit blade driving spring to maintain the starting position of the rear slit blade. Using a blade locking member, the lock is released at an appropriate timing after the start of exposure, and the force of the rear slit blade drive spring moves the rear slit blade driving means and the rear shading blade operating member as described above. All of the rear blades are positioned to cover the aperture, and the leading blade group, which is in a position to cover the aperture after the shutter is set, is moved immediately after the rear light-shielding blades are retracted from the aperture by the shutter release start operation. , a leading blade first driving means for retracting from the aperture and moving at least a leading light-shielding blade of the leading blade group to a position covering the aperture immediately after exposure is completed; Later, a second leading blade moves the blade that has been moved to a position covering the aperture of the leading blade group to a position where it is retracted from the aperture.
and a drive means, wherein, before the shutter is set, the aperture is at least partially double-covered by at least the leading shading blade of the leading blade group and all or the rear shading blades of the trailing blade group; After the shutter is set, the aperture is partially covered twice by the leading blade group and the rear shading blade, and the rear slit blade is brought to the starting position where it is evacuated from the aperture. Slit blade separation type focal plane shutter.