JPS6220773B2 - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- JPS6220773B2 JPS6220773B2 JP55110555A JP11055580A JPS6220773B2 JP S6220773 B2 JPS6220773 B2 JP S6220773B2 JP 55110555 A JP55110555 A JP 55110555A JP 11055580 A JP11055580 A JP 11055580A JP S6220773 B2 JPS6220773 B2 JP S6220773B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- transistor
- resistor
- voltage
- battery
- circuit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
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Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は二次電池、特にNi−Cd電池の充電を
行なう自動充電装置に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an automatic charging device for charging secondary batteries, particularly Ni-Cd batteries.
一般に上記Ni−Cd電池の充電を行なう場合の
電池電圧Ｖ、電池の内圧Ｐ、充電電流Ｉの関係
は、第４図の実線で示す関係となつているが、こ
の第４図からも明らかなように、Ni−Cd電池
は、急速充電を行なつて電池容量の80〜90％充電
すると、電池の内圧Ｐが著しく上昇し始め、そし
てそのまま充電を続けると、電池の内圧Ｐが上昇
してしまつて電池の安全弁が動作し、寿命の低下
を招くおそれがあるものである。したがつて従来
は第５図に示すように、電池の内圧が上昇し始め
る時の電池電圧を検知し、この電池電圧Ｖが設定
電圧V1に達した時点で、充電電流Ｉを微少電流
0.1Cに切り換えるようにした。しかしながら、
これにおいては、充電電流Ｉを微少電流0.1Cに
切り換えた時、100％の充電を行なうためには、
まだ１〜２時間充電する必要があり、その結果、
急速充電の長所を半減させていた。 Generally, when charging the above-mentioned Ni-Cd battery, the relationship among the battery voltage V, battery internal pressure P, and charging current I is as shown by the solid line in Figure 4, which is also clear. As mentioned above, when a Ni-Cd battery is quickly charged to 80-90% of its capacity, the internal pressure P of the battery starts to rise significantly, and if charging continues, the internal pressure P of the battery starts to rise. This may cause the safety valve of the battery to operate, resulting in a shortened lifespan. Therefore, conventionally, as shown in Fig. 5, the battery voltage when the internal pressure of the battery starts to rise is detected, and when the battery voltage V reaches the set voltage V1 , the charging current I is changed to a minute current.
Changed to 0.1C. however,
In this case, when switching the charging current I to a minute current of 0.1C, in order to perform 100% charging,
It still needs to be charged for 1-2 hours and as a result,
The advantage of fast charging was halved.
また充電中の電池電圧を検知して、ある電圧値
に達した時点からタイマー回路を始動させ、かつ
このタイマー回路の出力を検知してから充電電流
を微少電流に切り換える方法もあるが、これにお
いては、100％の急速充電を行なう場合、電池内
圧が上昇して安全弁が動作し、電池寿命の低下を
招くおそれがあつた。 There is also a method of detecting the battery voltage during charging, starting a timer circuit when it reaches a certain voltage value, and switching the charging current to a minute current after detecting the output of this timer circuit. When performing 100% rapid charging, the internal pressure of the battery would rise and the safety valve would operate, potentially shortening the battery's lifespan.
本発明は上記の問題点に鑑み、なされたもの
で、以下、本発明をその実施例を示す図面にもと
づいて説明する。第１図は本発明の電気回路奈を
示したもので、１は交流電源（図示せず）を整流
平滑する電源整流平滑回路、Ｂは充電しようとす
る二次電池で、この二次電池ＢはNi−Cd電池で
ある。２は二次電池Ｂの電圧を検出する電圧検出
回路、３は電圧検出回路２の出力端子である。前
記電源整流平滑回路１のプラス、マイナス間には
二次電池ＢとダイオードD2および二次電池Ｂの
充電電流を制御する主トランジスタQ3を直列接
続して主回路を構成し、かつ二次電池Ｂと並列に
電圧検出回路２を接続し、さらに電圧検出回路２
の出力端子３は抵抗R1の一端とダイオードD1の
アノード側との接続点に接続し、前記抵抗R1の
他端は電源整流平滑回路４のプラス側に接続して
いる。また前記ダイオードD1のカソード側は電
界効果トランジスタQ1のゲートへ接続し、その
接続点にはコンデンサＣと抵抗R2よりなる並列
回路の一方を接続し、かつ並列回路の他方は電源
整流平滑回路１のマイナス側に接続している。前
記電界効果トランジスタQ1のドレインは電源整
流平滑回路１のプラス側に接続するとともに、ト
ランジスタQ2のコレクタに接続し、かつソース
は抵抗R3を介してトランジスタQ2のベースに接
続し、またトランジスタQ2のコレクタは電源整
流平滑回路１のプラス側に接続し、エミツタは抵
抗R4を介して前記主トランジスタQ3のベースに
接続し、さらにトランジスタQ2のエミツタ、コ
レクタ間には抵抗R5を接続している。 The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and will be described below based on drawings showing embodiments thereof. FIG. 1 shows an electric circuit according to the present invention, in which 1 is a power rectifier and smoothing circuit that rectifies and smoothes an AC power source (not shown), B is a secondary battery to be charged, and this secondary battery B is a Ni-Cd battery. 2 is a voltage detection circuit that detects the voltage of the secondary battery B, and 3 is an output terminal of the voltage detection circuit 2. A secondary battery B, a diode D 2 , and a main transistor Q 3 for controlling the charging current of the secondary battery B are connected in series between the positive and negative terminals of the power supply rectifying and smoothing circuit 1 to form a main circuit. Voltage detection circuit 2 is connected in parallel with battery B, and voltage detection circuit 2 is connected in parallel with battery B.
The output terminal 3 of the resistor R 1 is connected to a connection point between one end of the resistor R 1 and the anode side of the diode D 1 , and the other end of the resistor R 1 is connected to the positive side of the power supply rectifying and smoothing circuit 4 . Further, the cathode side of the diode D1 is connected to the gate of the field effect transistor Q1 , and one side of a parallel circuit consisting of a capacitor C and a resistor R2 is connected to the connection point, and the other side of the parallel circuit is a power supply rectifier and smoother. Connected to the negative side of circuit 1. The drain of the field effect transistor Q 1 is connected to the positive side of the power supply rectifying and smoothing circuit 1, and the collector of the transistor Q 2 , and the source is connected to the base of the transistor Q 2 via the resistor R 3 . The collector of transistor Q 2 is connected to the positive side of the power rectifier and smoothing circuit 1, the emitter is connected to the base of the main transistor Q 3 via resistor R 4 , and a resistor R is connected between the emitter and collector of transistor Q 2 . 5 are connected.
第２図は第１図に示した電圧検出回路２の一実
施例を示したもので、二次電池Ｂの両端に接続さ
れる分割抵抗R6，R7の中点にトランジスタQ4の
ベースを接続し、トランジスタQ4のコレクタは
抵抗R8を介して前記分割抵抗の一方R6に接続す
るとともに、トランジスタQ5のベースに接続し
ている。またトランジスタQ4のエミツタは抵抗
R9を介して前記分割抵抗の他方７に接続すると
ともに、抵抗R11を介してトランジスタQ5のエミ
ツタに接続し、さらにトランジスタQ5のエミツ
タは抵抗R10を介して前記分割抵抗の一方R6に接
続している。またトランジスタQ5のコレクタは
トランジスタQ6のベースに接続するとともに、
抵抗R12を介してトランジスタQ6のエミツタに接
続している。そしてトランジスタQ6のコレクタ
は出力端子３となり、またトランジスタQ6のエ
ミツタは電源整流平滑回路１のマイナス側に接続
されている。 FIG . 2 shows an embodiment of the voltage detection circuit 2 shown in FIG . The collector of transistor Q 4 is connected to one of the dividing resistors R 6 via resistor R 8 and to the base of transistor Q 5 . Also, the emitter of transistor Q4 is a resistor.
It is connected to the other divided resistor 7 through R9 , and connected to the emitter of transistor Q5 through resistor R11 , and further connected to the emitter of transistor Q5 through resistor R10 to one of the divided resistors R. Connected to 6 . Also, the collector of transistor Q 5 is connected to the base of transistor Q 6 , and
It is connected to the emitter of transistor Q 6 through resistor R 12 . The collector of the transistor Q 6 becomes the output terminal 3, and the emitter of the transistor Q 6 is connected to the negative side of the power supply rectifying and smoothing circuit 1.
第２図の動作は、電池電圧Ｖが設定電圧より低
い場合、３つのトランジスタQ4，Q5，Q6のいず
れもがオフとなり、出力端子３はオープン状態と
なつている。しかしながら、電池電圧が設定電圧
以上に上昇すると、３つのトランジスタQ4，
Q5，Q6はすべてオンとなり、その結果、出力端
子３は低電位となる。またこの電圧検出回路２
は、回路が一旦オン状態になると、電池電圧が設
定電圧よりある電圧以上低下しないと、初期状態
に復帰しないヒステリシス特性を有している。 In the operation shown in FIG. 2, when the battery voltage V is lower than the set voltage, all three transistors Q 4 , Q 5 , and Q 6 are turned off, and the output terminal 3 is in an open state. However, when the battery voltage rises above the set voltage, the three transistors Q 4 ,
Q 5 and Q 6 are all turned on, and as a result, the output terminal 3 becomes a low potential. In addition, this voltage detection circuit 2
has a hysteresis characteristic that, once the circuit is turned on, it does not return to its initial state unless the battery voltage drops by a certain voltage or more below the set voltage.
次に第１図の回路構成においてその動作を説明
する。二次電池Ｂの電圧が第３図に示すように、
電圧検出回路２の設定電圧、すなわち電池の内圧
が著しく上昇し始める電圧V1以上の時は、電圧
検出回路２の出力端子３の電位は二次電池Ｂの電
圧と同等の電位となり、その結果、コンデンサＣ
は抵抗R1、ダイオードD1を介して充電され、か
つ電界効果トランジスタQ1およびトランジスタ
Q2，Q3のいずれもがオンとなつて、二次電池Ｂ
の充電が開始される。この充電が進むにつれ、電
池電圧Ｖは上昇し、そしてこの電池電圧Ｖが電圧
検出回路２の設定電圧V1以上に達すると、電圧
検出回路２の出力端子３の電位は零付近まで低下
し、かつダイオードD1の電位もアノード側がカ
ソード側よりも低くなり、したがつてコンデンサ
Ｃには充電電流は流れなくなる。その結果、コン
デンサＣは抵抗R2を介して放電を開始し、そし
てこの放電によりコンデンサＣの両端の電圧＝電
界効果トランジスタQ1のゲート電圧は徐々に低
下し、さらに電界効果トランジスタQ1のソース
電位も低下するため、トランジスタQ2のベース
電位は低下し、かつこのトランジスタQ2は飽和
状態から不飽和状態になる。これによりトランジ
スタQ2の出力電流および主トランジスタQ3のベ
ース電流は漸減することになり、その結果、トラ
ンジスタQ3も飽和状態から不飽和状態になる。
そしてコンデンサＣの放電が進み、電界効果トラ
ンジスタQ1のゲート電位が零になると、電界効
果トランジスタQ1およびトランジスタQ2はオフ
となる。しかしながら主トランジスタQ3のベー
スには抵抗R5を介して低電流が流れるため、主
トランジスタQ3は不飽和状態のままで二次電池
Ｂへの補充電電流を流す。 Next, the operation of the circuit configuration shown in FIG. 1 will be explained. As shown in Figure 3, the voltage of secondary battery B is
When the set voltage of the voltage detection circuit 2, that is, the voltage at which the internal pressure of the battery starts to rise significantly, is higher than V1 , the potential of the output terminal 3 of the voltage detection circuit 2 becomes the same potential as the voltage of the secondary battery B, and as a result, , capacitor C
is charged through resistor R 1 , diode D 1 and field effect transistor Q 1 and transistor
Both Q 2 and Q 3 are turned on, and the secondary battery B
charging starts. As this charging progresses, the battery voltage V increases, and when the battery voltage V reaches the set voltage V1 of the voltage detection circuit 2 or higher, the potential of the output terminal 3 of the voltage detection circuit 2 decreases to near zero. Further, the potential of the diode D1 is also lower on the anode side than on the cathode side, so that no charging current flows through the capacitor C. As a result, the capacitor C starts to discharge through the resistor R 2 , and due to this discharge the voltage across the capacitor C = the gate voltage of the field effect transistor Q 1 gradually decreases, and furthermore the source of the field effect transistor Q 1 Since the potential also decreases, the base potential of transistor Q 2 decreases, and transistor Q 2 changes from a saturated state to an unsaturated state. This causes the output current of transistor Q 2 and the base current of main transistor Q 3 to gradually decrease, and as a result, transistor Q 3 also changes from a saturated state to an unsaturated state.
When the discharge of the capacitor C progresses and the gate potential of the field effect transistor Q 1 becomes zero, the field effect transistor Q 1 and the transistor Q 2 are turned off. However, since a low current flows through the base of the main transistor Q 3 via the resistor R 5 , the main transistor Q 3 continues to flow an auxiliary charging current to the secondary battery B while remaining in an unsaturated state.
なお、本発明における電池電圧Ｖ、電池の内圧
Ｐ、充電電流Ｉの関係は第４図の点線で示す如く
なり、第４図の実線で示す従来例に比べ、電池の
内圧Ｐの上昇をおさえることができる。 The relationship between the battery voltage V, the battery internal pressure P, and the charging current I in the present invention is as shown by the dotted line in FIG. 4, and compared to the conventional example shown by the solid line in FIG. 4, the increase in the battery internal pressure P is suppressed. be able to.
以上のように本発明によれば、二次電池の電圧
が設定電圧以上に達する時点までは急速充電を行
なうことができ、その後はコンデンサと第２の抵
抗の時定数により決まる時間内に充電電流を微少
電流以下まで漸減させるようにしているため、電
池の内圧の上昇率を低下させながら、100％充電
を安全に行なうことができる。またコンデンサと
第２の抵抗よりなる時定数回路で前記時間を制御
するようにしているため、その時間は任意に設定
できるとともに、あらゆる充電電流および電池の
種類にも対応させることができるものである。 As described above, according to the present invention, rapid charging can be performed until the voltage of the secondary battery reaches the set voltage or higher, and after that, the charging current can be increased within the time determined by the time constant of the capacitor and the second resistor. Since the current is gradually reduced to a minute current or less, it is possible to safely charge the battery to 100% while reducing the rate of increase in internal pressure of the battery. Furthermore, since the time is controlled by a time constant circuit consisting of a capacitor and a second resistor, the time can be set arbitrarily and can be adapted to any charging current and battery type. .
第１図は本発明の一実施例を示す自動充電装置
の電気回路図、第２図は電圧検知回路の一実施例
を示す回路図、第３図は本発明の充電特性図、第
４図は電池電圧、電池の内圧、充電電流の関係を
本発明と従来例とを比較して示した特性図、第５
図は従来の充電特性図である。
１……電源整流平滑回路、Ｂ……二次電池、２
……電圧検出回路、R1……第１の抵抗、D1……
ダイオード、Ｃ……コンデンサ、R2……第２の
抵抗、Q1……電界効果トランジスタ、R3……第
３の抵抗、Q2……トランジスタ、R4……第４の
抵抗、Q3……主トランジスタ。
Fig. 1 is an electric circuit diagram of an automatic charging device showing an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram showing an embodiment of a voltage detection circuit, Fig. 3 is a charging characteristic diagram of the invention, and Fig. 4 5 is a characteristic diagram comparing the relationship between battery voltage, battery internal pressure, and charging current between the present invention and a conventional example.
The figure is a conventional charging characteristic diagram. 1...Power rectification smoothing circuit, B...Secondary battery, 2
... Voltage detection circuit, R 1 ... First resistor, D 1 ...
Diode, C...Capacitor, R2 ...Second resistor, Q1 ...Field effect transistor, R3 ...Third resistor, Q2 ...Transistor, R4 ...Fourth resistor, Q3 ...Main transistor.
Claims (1)
出力端に、充電しようとする二次電池とこの二次
電池の充電々流を制御する主トランジスタQ3と
の直列回路を接続し、前記二次電池の電圧を検出
する電圧検出回路を二次電池と並列に接続した自
動充電装置において、前記電源整流平滑回路の出
力端に、第１の抵抗R1およびダイオードD1より
なる直列回路と、コンデンサＣおよび第２の抵抗
R2を並列接続した時定数回路とを直列に接続
し、前記ダイオードとD1と時定数回路の接続点
に電界効果トランジスタQ1のゲートを、又その
ソースは第３の抵抗R3を介してトランジスタQ2
のベースにそれぞれ接続し、かつ前記電解効果ト
ランジスタQ1のドレイン及びトランジスタQ2の
コレクタは電源整流平滑回路のプラス側に接続す
るとともにトランジスタQ2のエミツタは主トラ
ンジスタQ3のベースに接続し、前記電圧検出回
路を前記二次電池の両端に接続される分割抵抗
と、この抵抗の接続中点にベースを接続したトラ
ンジスタとを備え、前記二次電池の電池電圧が設
定電圧よりも低い際オフ状態となり、電池電圧が
設定電圧よりも高い際オンとなるよう構成し、そ
の出力端子であるトランジスタのコレクタを前記
第１の抵抗R1とダイオードD1との接続点に接続
した自動充電装置。1. A series circuit consisting of the secondary battery to be charged and the main transistor Q3 that controls the charging current of this secondary battery is connected to the output terminal of the power rectifying and smoothing circuit that rectifies and smoothes the AC power supply, and In an automatic charging device in which a voltage detection circuit for detecting battery voltage is connected in parallel with a secondary battery, a series circuit consisting of a first resistor R 1 and a diode D 1 and a capacitor are connected to the output end of the power rectifying and smoothing circuit. C and second resistor
A time constant circuit in which R 2 is connected in parallel is connected in series, and the gate of a field effect transistor Q 1 is connected to the connection point between the diode, D 1 and the time constant circuit, and its source is connected through a third resistor R 3 . Transistor Q 2
The drain of the field effect transistor Q 1 and the collector of the transistor Q 2 are connected to the positive side of the power rectifying and smoothing circuit, and the emitter of the transistor Q 2 is connected to the base of the main transistor Q 3 , The voltage detection circuit includes a divided resistor connected to both ends of the secondary battery, and a transistor whose base is connected to the midpoint of the resistor, and is turned off when the battery voltage of the secondary battery is lower than a set voltage. The automatic charging device is configured to turn on when the battery voltage is higher than the set voltage, and the collector of the transistor which is the output terminal is connected to the connection point between the first resistor R1 and the diode D1 .
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11055580A JPS5734739A (en) | 1980-08-11 | 1980-08-11 | Automatic charger |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11055580A JPS5734739A (en) | 1980-08-11 | 1980-08-11 | Automatic charger |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5734739A JPS5734739A (en) | 1982-02-25 |
| JPS6220773B2 true JPS6220773B2 (en) | 1987-05-08 |
Family
ID=14538791
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11055580A Granted JPS5734739A (en) | 1980-08-11 | 1980-08-11 | Automatic charger |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5734739A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0160784U (en) * | 1987-10-14 | 1989-04-18 |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2823167B2 (en) * | 1988-02-22 | 1998-11-11 | ソニー株式会社 | Charging device |
-
1980
- 1980-08-11 JP JP11055580A patent/JPS5734739A/en active Granted
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0160784U (en) * | 1987-10-14 | 1989-04-18 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5734739A (en) | 1982-02-25 |
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