JPS62257459A - Production of split type composite fiber structure - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention is directed to fibers with a small fineness (hereinafter referred to as fineness yarn).
Regarding the method for manufacturing a fiber structure made of fibers, in more detail, a splittable composite yarn composed of multiple types of polymers containing polyester as one component is divided to produce fine-grained yarns or knitted fabrics made of these fine-grained yarns. ! ! ! Concerning how to build.

[Prior art] In recent years, soft texture, touchability,
It has characteristics such as silkiness and mild luster.
Many methods for manufacturing cloth have been proposed.

In this method, a split-type composite yarn made by joining together fibers with poor adhesion in the fiber axis direction is processed without dissolving specific components to produce fine fiber yarn or fine fiber yarn. As a technique for obtaining fabrics consisting of, a number of methods have already been proposed in which treatment is performed with chemicals that have a swelling effect on specific components.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, at present, various problems arise when such methods are actually attempted to be applied industrially. For example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 53-35633 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 54-96
18'l is a split composite yarn made of polyester and polyamide treated with an emulsified dispersion such as benzyl alcohol.
There is a method of swelling and dividing. According to this method, although it is true that the solution can be divided, there are problems such as a lack of stability during operation, resulting in uneven processing, and a lack of storage stability of the processing liquid.

An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a splittable composite fiber structure that does not have the above-mentioned drawbacks, that is, has excellent splitting property, ease of operation, and stability, and thereby Our goal is to provide fabrics with excellent properties such as a soft texture, a unique touch, and a silky, mild luster.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention has the following configuration in order to solve the above problems. That is, R1: an alkyl group or an alkenyl group having 8 or more carbon atoms.

R2: alkyl group, cycloalkyl group, aryl group, aralkyl group, and derivatives thereof.

R3, R4: an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and a derivative thereof. R3 and R4 may form a ring.

X: halogen, OH, R-0303 (R: alkyl group)
.

A method for producing a splittable conjugate fiber structure, which comprises heat-treating a quaternary ammonium compound having the following properties with an aqueous solution containing 0.01 to 0.5% (by weight) of an alkali metal or alkaline earth hydroxide. It is.

In the present invention, the term "composite yarn" refers to the division of polyester as one component, and includes, for example, adjacent type composite yarns and radial composite yarns as shown in FIGS. 1 to 6, as well as their irregular cross-section yarns and hollow cross-section yarns. Can be done. In these composite yarns, the polyester component can occupy either the position of the dividing component (specifically, component A in FIGS. 1 to 6) or the component to be divided (component B in FIGS. 1 to 6). In order to obtain a fabric with special performance, which is one of the objectives of the present invention,
It is preferable that the fineness of the yarn to be split after splitting is 10 denier or less, preferably 0.8 to 0.05 denier. Therefore, in the present invention, it is important to set the composite ratio of the polymers constituting the composite yarn, the number of divisions, and the single fiber fineness of the composite yarn.

The polyester in the present invention is preferably one in which the acid component constituting the polyester repeating unit is terephthalic acid and the dihydric alcohol component is ethylene glycol, but the dihydric alcohol component is propylene glycol,
It may also contain 1,4-butanediol and other alkylene glycols, 1,4-dihydroxymethylcyclohexane, polyoxyethylene glycol, and the like. Further, the acid component may include isophthalic acid, 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid, parahydroxybenzoic acid, adipic acid, and the like.

Any other polymer that has poor adhesion to polyester can be used in combination with polyester, but polyamide is preferable from the viewpoint of ease of melt spinning and the characteristics of the resulting fine yarn. It is preferable to use The polyamide used in the present invention is a general synthetic linear polyamide, such as nylon 6, nylon 10. nylon 11
, nylon 12, nylon 6.6, nylon 6.10, and copolyamides containing these as main components. Among these polyamides, nylon 6 and nylon 6.6 are particularly preferred.

The dividing means of the present invention does not use special and unstable chemicals such as [benzyl alcohol emulsion dispersion] as in the above-mentioned known example, but uses a quaternary ammonium compound and an alkaline substance, which are extremely suitable for dyeing fibers. One of its major features is the use of commonly used chemicals that are inexpensive and stable. Moreover, another major feature of the present invention is that it is possible to divide the polyester component without dissolving it by using a specific quaternary ammonium compound in combination with a polyester dissolving agent called an alkaline substance.

Conventionally, it is known that when polyester is heat-treated in a 3-10% (by weight) aqueous solution of caustic soda, hydrolysis proceeds sequentially from the surface of the fibers, reducing the thickness and weight of the fibers. It is widely practiced as On the other hand, it is also known that when a quaternary ammonium salt is used in this process, hydrolysis is promoted and the concentration of caustic soda solution can be reduced to 0.5 to 5 (heavy ω)%.

In the present invention, which aims to perform a splitting treatment without dissolving the polyester, a far lower concentration of alkali is used in the treatment than in these known methods. This low concentration alkali, together with the quaternary ammonium compound, selectively attacks the polymer bonding surface of the split composite yarn, resulting in the bonding surface of the composite yarn dissociating and splitting. In the case of a single polyester yarn as in the above-mentioned known example, since the polymer bonding surface of the polyester is dense, the alkali concentration is 0.5% or more regardless of whether or not a fourth treatment ammonium compound is used. In this case, it acts only from the polyester fiber surface and dissolves the fibers sequentially from the outermost layer. However, in the method of the present invention, a suitable composite component with polyester swells in an aqueous solution such as nylon and dissolves alkali and quaternary ammonium compounds. The alkali and the quaternary ammonium compound act selectively on the bonding surface, probably because it is a loose polymer that can be passed through easily and the concentration of alkali 11 is not high enough to act as a solubilizing agent for polynisder. The dissociation is actively promoted, dissolution and dyeing of the polyester is suppressed, and the division is effectively performed, and the division is performed in a substantially composite form.

The fourth ammonium compound used in the present invention is:
Examples of R1 include octyl, lauryl, stearyl,
Cetyl, oleyl, and other alkyl groups having 8 or more carbon atoms, fulkenyl groups, and R2 include, for example, methyl, ethyl,
Examples thereof include alkyl groups such as butyl, cycloalkyl groups such as cyclohexyl, aryl groups such as), tolyl, xylyl, and naphthyl, aral groups such as benzyl, and derivatives thereof. Generally, R3 and R4 are, for example, alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, and derivatives thereof, and R3 and R4 may form a ring. For example, the X is a CD.

Examples include halogens such as Br and I, OH, and R-0303 (R: alkyl group). Among these, laurylditylbenzylammonium salt is particularly preferred.

Examples of the alkali metal or alkaline earth hydroxides of the present invention include potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, cesium hydroxide, barium hydroxide, strontium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, etc. It will be done.

The concentration of the alkaline substance used is preferably 0.01 to 0.5% (correct amount), and preferably 0.01 to 0.3% (by weight). If it is less than 0.01%, the division will be insufficient and 0. .5%
Although the division above is sufficient, the dissolution of the polyester component is not negligible.

The treatment agent can be applied to the split composite yarn by any method such as dipping, padding, spraying, etc. Processing temperature, processing time, composition of the processed material,! It is selected appropriately depending on the temperature, shape, etc., but in general, the temperature is 80°C or higher.
Immersion or saturated steam treatment at 0'C or lower, 150C or higher1
Heat steam or dry heat treatment at 80℃ or less for 1 minute to 60 minutes.
All you have to do is process it separately.

During the heat treatment, it is also preferable to use mechanical treatment to promote splitting.

Next, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples.

[Example] Example 1 Polyester (polyethylene terephthalate) with an intrinsic viscosity of 0.66 in 0-chlorophenol was used as the component to be divided, and nylon 6 with a sulfuric acid viscosity of 2.4 was used as the component to be divided. Using the composite spinning apparatus disclosed in the publication, a split composite yarn of 75 denier/24 filaments with a polyester/nylon 6 ratio of 80/20 and a splitting number of 6 as shown in FIG. 4 was obtained.

This yarn was knitted using a 20G tube knitting machine. This knitted fabric was treated with surfactant Santed G・29 (manufactured by Sanyo Kasei) 0.5q/
After scouring with an aqueous solution containing D at 60° C. for 20 minutes, it was immersed in a treatment bath having the following composition, treated at 100'CX for 30 minutes, and washed with water and dried.

Lauryldimethylbenzylammonium chloride
0.1 (weight)% caustic soda
0.1jl Bath ratio 1:30 The threads unwound from the 1q knitted fabric were observed under a microscope from the cross-sectional direction to evaluate the divisibility. Evaluation was performed using n=5. Dividability was evaluated from the ratio of the number of fine yarns actually divided to the total number of components to be divided.

The divisibility at the stage of finishing the scouring is less than 5%, whereas the divisibility after the treatment of the present invention is 100%.
It was completely divided and had a soft texture and a mild luster.

Example 2 The split composite yarn of Example 1 was used as a weft, and the yarn was 75 denier/72
The weave density is 101 threads/inch for the warp and 76 threads for the weft, using polyethylene terephthalate with a round cross section of the filament as the warp thread.
A plain woven fabric with a thickness of 1 inch per inch was obtained.

This plain woven fabric was placed in a jet dyeing machine together with a treatment solution having the following composition, and was subjected to a 100'CX 30 minute division treatment and simultaneously scouring. After the treatment was completed, it was washed with water and dried.

Lauryldimethylbenzylammonium chloride
0.1 (ffiffi)% caustic soda 0.1〃Bath ratio 1:30 The divisibility of the weft yarn unwound and jqed from this fabric is 100
%, and a soft and bulky fabric was obtained.

Comparative Example 1 The knitted fabric of Example 1 after scouring was immersed in a treatment bath containing only 0.1% (by weight) of caustic soda, and the bath ratio was 1:30.
After treatment with CX for 30 minutes, it was washed with water and dried.

The divisibility of the yarn unwound from the obtained knitted fabric was less than 20%, and no characteristics of a fine-grained knitted fabric were observed.

Comparative Example 2 The knitted fabric of Example 1 after scouring was immersed in a treatment bath having the following composition, treated at 100'CX for 30 minutes, and then washed with water and dried.

Lauryldimethylbenzylammonium chloride
0.1 (weight)% caustic soda
1 Bath ratio 1:30 The yarn unwound from the resulting knitted fabric had 100% divisibility, but due to the high alkali concentration, the polyester component was completely dissolved, and the waist and firmness were also reduced. The knitted fabric is transparent and has no bulk.

[Effects of the Invention] According to the present invention, splitting process of splittable composite yarn can be carried out extremely easily and with good reproducibility using an inexpensive and stable water-soluble chemical with excellent operability. Fiber products with excellent properties such as soft texture and mild luster due to the cross-sectional effect can be easily obtained.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 to 6 are examples of cross sections of splittable conjugate fibers to which the method of the present invention can be applied. Note that 8 in the figure indicates a divided component, and B indicates a component to be divided.

Claims (1)

[Claims] A split-type composite yarn containing polyester as one component has the general formula ▲ There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc. ▼ R_1: Alkyl group or alkenyl group having 8 or more carbon atoms. R_2: alkyl group, cycloalkyl group, aryl group,
Aralkyl groups and derivatives thereof. R_3, R_4: an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and a derivative thereof. R_3 and R_4 may form a ring. X: halogen, OH, R-OSO_3 (R: alkyl group). 1. A method for producing a splittable conjugate fiber structure, which comprises heat-treating with an aqueous solution containing a quaternary ammonium compound having the following formula and an alkali metal or alkaline earth group hydroxide in an amount of 0.01 to 0.5% (by weight).