JPS6231948B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for driving an artificial heart.

For example, an artificial heart (blood pump) is used for heart surgery, when auxiliary circulation of blood is required due to heart failure, or when it is necessary to have someone else take over some or all of the heart's functions over a long period of time.
is used. This artificial heart connects a blood container with an artificial ventricle, which corresponds to the ventricle of a natural heart, to the veins and arteries of a living body, expands the artificial ventricle in this blood container, and prevents blood returning from the veins into the blood container. The artificial ventricle is introduced and filled through a valve, and then the artificial ventricle is compressed to eject the blood in the artificial ventricle to the artery via a check valve.The filling and ejection of blood in the artificial ventricle is repeated. By doing so, it takes over the functions of the natural heart. In order to contract and expand the artificial ventricle, conventionally, compressed air and vacuum suction means for the compressed air have been used, liquid has been used as a medium, or mechanical means have been used.

As a first embodiment of the present invention, a case where a linear DC motor is used will be explained based on FIGS. 1 and 2. 1 and 2 are horizontal and vertical cross-sectional views, respectively, of the artificial heart. Mover 3 with permanent magnet groups 1 and 2 and magnets 4 and 5
is located inside the outer box 6, and drive coils 7 and 8 are attached to the outer box 6. The mover 3 is connected to the outer box 6 via a bearing (not shown), and has a structure capable of reciprocating in the directions of arrows A and B in FIGS. 1 and 2. Uses rechargeable batteries,
The permanent magnet groups 1 and 2 are controlled by passing a controlled current through the coils 7 and 8 constituting the stator by a control device 9 that is compactly assembled to be portable and includes an artificial heart control device. An electromagnetic force is generated between the coils 7 and 8 constituting the stator, and this force causes the mover 3 to move at any speed, period, thrust, and stroke within the outer box 6 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. Arrow A,
It can be reciprocated in the direction B. As the slider 3 reciprocates, the sacs 4 and 5 in contact with the slider 3 and the push plates 10 and 11 are alternately compressed, so that the blood in the sacs 4 and 5 is transferred to the check valve 12. , 13 to the ejection artery. When ejecting blood, use Satsu 4
or 5 is mechanically contacted and compressed by the mover 3 and the push plate 10 or 11. When filling the sac with blood, the sacs 4 and 5 are moved by the mover 3.
Since it is not fixed to either the pushing plates 10 or 11, the inside of the outer box 6 is kept airtight, and when the slider 2 pushes one sac (for example, 4), this sac contracts. Then, due to the negative pressure generated inside the outer box 6, the other sac (for example, 5) expands as a whole, and is passed from the vein to the receiving port via a check valve (for example, 15), not shown. Blood fills the inside of this sac (eg 5). At this time, the negative pressure generated inside the outer box 6 can be controlled by, for example, a small pump that can take in and out the fluid inside the outer box 6.
Alternatively, excessive negative pressure can be prevented from being applied to the veins by always adjusting the strength to an appropriate level using a damper mechanism such as a bellows or a negative pressure regulating device 16 configured by using both of the above. It facilitates the filling of the sac with blood and can increase cardiac output. The above-mentioned heart pump can be used as a blood pump during heart surgery, as an auxiliary artificial heart that performs extracorporeal circulation to support a weakened heart due to heart failure, or as a complete artificial heart that completely replaces the natural heart. It can also be used.

Next, as a second embodiment of the present invention, a case where a linear pulse motor is used will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4. Figures 3 and 4 are horizontal and vertical cross-sectional views, respectively, of the artificial heart. In this embodiment, the same parts as those in the first embodiment are given the same reference numerals, and the explanation thereof will be omitted.
In this embodiment, a stator 17 made of a permanent magnet, a coil, a yoke, etc., and a mover 18 constitute a stator that constitutes a linear pulse motor. By passing a controlled current through the coils 19 and 20, the mover 18 can be controlled at any speed, synchronization, thrust,
The sacs 4 and 5 are alternately compressed by the pushing plates 21 and 22 and the outer box 6 attached to the tips of the sacs, which move in the directions of arrows A and B in FIGS. Demonstrates the function of the pump.
Other functions are the same as those in the first embodiment, so their explanation will be omitted.

Next, as a third embodiment of the present invention, a case where a linear vibration actuator is used will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6. 5 and 6 are horizontal and vertical cross-sectional views, respectively, of the artificial heart. In this description, the same parts as in the first embodiment are given the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted. In this embodiment, a moving element 24 made of an iron core or a permanent magnet and coils 25 and 26 forming a stator constitute a stator that constitutes a linear vibration actuator. By passing a controlled current through the coils 25 and 26,
The mover 24 reciprocates in the directions of arrows A and B in FIGS. 5 and 6, alternately compressing the sucks 4 and 5, thereby exerting a pumping action. Other functions are the same as those of the first embodiment, so their explanation will be omitted.

In the above embodiment, a linear DC motor, a linear pulse motor, and a linear vibration actuator were used as the linear motor to drive the artificial heart, but other types of linear motors, such as linear induction motors, linear DC motors, etc. Even if a solenoid, a linear hybrid motor, etc. are used, the same results as in the three embodiments described above will be provided, so a description thereof will be omitted. In addition, according to this invention, various linear motors are used as a power source to drive the artificial heart, and are assembled together with the artificial heart, so the entire artificial heart including the drive device can be extremely miniaturized. Using a rechargeable battery as a power source,
This battery, control device, and negative pressure adjustment device can be assembled into a portable device.
A small and portable artificial heart system can be provided. The sac is sandwiched between the mover and the outer box, and the sac is not connected to each other, and the sac is expanded by applying negative pressure evenly to the sac within the outer box. Because of this, there is no need to put excessive force on the sac, and the lifespan of the satsuku can be increased.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 and 2 are schematic diagrams of an artificial heart using a linear DC motor, with FIG. 1 being a horizontal sectional view and FIG. 2 being a vertical sectional view. 3 and 4 are schematic diagrams of an artificial heart using a linear pulse motor, where FIG. 3 is a horizontal section and FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional view. 5 and 6 are schematic diagrams of an artificial heart using a linear vibration actuator, with FIG. 5 being a horizontal sectional view and FIG. 6 being a vertical sectional view.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. In a complete replacement artificial heart or an artificial heart for auxiliary circulation, an outer box that has a sealed structure and is maintained under negative pressure, a mover installed inside the outer box, and a reciprocating device that moves the mover It consists of a linear motor consisting of a moving stator, and a blood-filled sac (diaphragm) held between the reciprocating mover and an outer box, and the sac is connected to a blood receiving port via a check valve. An artificial heart using a linear motor, which is connected to an ejection port. 2. An artificial heart using a linear motor according to claim 1, wherein the mover is made of a permanent magnet and the stator is made of an electromagnetic coil. 3. An artificial heart using a linear motor according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that a push plate that contacts the inner wall of the outer box is attached.