JPS6233776Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to an excavator equipped with an excavation shaft that moves up and down along a leader.

[Technical background of the invention and its problems]

A conventional excavator is provided with an excavation shaft rotation drive device that can move vertically from the top to the bottom of a leader supported by a base machine. connect,
The excavation shaft is inserted into the ground while lowering the excavation shaft rotation drive device.The above-mentioned excavation shaft rotation drive device has a reduction gear structure and is heavy due to its function of rotating the excavation shaft. It is undesirable to move the reader between the upper and lower parts in terms of stability of the reader. In addition, when inserting the excavation shaft to a very deep place underground, it is possible to add more excavation shafts in sequence according to the depth of insertion into the ground.For this, conventional excavation shaft rotation drive devices It is necessary to perform this addition work below, but the excavation shaft rotation drive device has a reducer structure and has a large diameter, and the excavation shaft to be added is lifted by a wire hanging from the upper end of the leader, so the above-mentioned It is difficult to bring the excavation shaft close to just below the center of the rotary drive device with a wire hanging down from the large diameter outer circumference of the rotary drive device, and the excavation shaft rotation drive device becomes an obstacle, making it difficult to add more excavation shafts. Very difficult.
Therefore, in order to avoid this type of work as much as possible, we use long and large leaders to continuously insert very long excavation shafts into the ground.
There are height restrictions, and depending on the conditions at the construction site, it may not be possible to erect such a long and large leader.

[Purpose of invention]

The present invention is an excavator in which the vertical movement of an excavation shaft is guided by a leader, in which an excavation shaft rotation drive device can be provided at the bottom of the leader, thereby making the leader more stable and smaller. be.

[Summary of the idea]

The excavator of the present invention is an excavator in which a leader is erected and supported by a support member protruding from a base machine, and the leader guides the vertical movement of a plurality of rows of excavation shafts. The shaft is formed by a shaft to which a plurality of shafts can be connected in sequence and a bit located at the bottom, and is slidable endlessly in the vertical direction with the shafts of the excavation shafts in each row above the leader. A plurality of excavation shaft rotation drive devices are installed in parallel to fit into the shafts and apply rotational force to arbitrary parts of the shafts in each row, and above the excavation shaft rotation drive devices, each of the rotated shafts is connected to the leader. A plurality of excavation shaft press force acting units that apply a pressing force to the upper end of the excavation shaft via bearings are integrally provided so as to be vertically movable, and each excavation shaft press force acting unit is forcibly moved up and down. A motion mechanism is provided along the leader, and each of the excavation shaft rotation drive devices and each of the excavation shaft pressure force acting device devices are arranged in parallel on a common pedestal, and one of each device near the center is fixed in a fixed position. In addition, the excavation shaft is rotatably driven by the excavation shaft rotation drive device. At the same time, the excavation shaft is slid on the excavation shaft rotation drive device and inserted into the ground.

[Example of idea]

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, a support arm 3 as an upper support member and a pair of hydraulic cylinders 4 as a lower support member protrude from a swivel base 2 of a base machine 1 consisting of the main body of a power shovel, etc.
A leader 6 for guiding the vertical movement of the excavation shaft 5 is erected and supported. The support arm 3 is rotated in the vertical direction by a hydraulic cylinder 7.

The support arm 3 is formed so that an upper part 3a and a lower part 3b can be divided into two at the center, and are integrated by two shafts 8 and 9. Therefore, by removing one shaft 8 and using the other shaft 9 as a fulcrum, the upper part 3a is connected to the lower part 3.
It is possible to shorten the support arm 3 by folding it to the back of the lower part 3b, and in that case, the hole in the shaft 8 of the lower part 3b can be used to support a short leader of about 5 m, for example. For example, even if there is a height restriction, it can be accommodated.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 1, a leader vertical slide device 11 is provided on the right side of the leader 6. This fixes guide rails 12 and 13 to the upper and lower parts of the leader 6, and
Sliders 14 and 15 are fitted into the sliders 2 and 13 so as to be able to move up and down, and the sliders 14 and 15 are integrally connected by a connecting rod 16, and the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder 18 is attached to a bracket 17 fixed to the upper part of the leader. At the same time, the piston rod 19 is connected to the upper slider 14, and a leader orientation variable device 20 (described later) which is pivoted to the upper end of the support arm 3 is connected to the upper slider 14. The pair of hydraulic cylinders 4 are connected to the slider 15 of the hydraulic cylinder 18. When the piston rod 19 of the hydraulic cylinder 18 is pushed out against the sliders 14 and 15 supported in a fixed position by the support arm 3, the hydraulic cylinder 18 The leader 6 on the cylinder body side rises vertically, and the base machine 1 can be moved in this state. Further, the leader 6 can be vertically lowered by reverse cylinder operation, and the leader 6 can be grounded at an accurate position.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the excavation shaft 5 provided along the leader 6 has a square hollow shaft 21 made of hexagonal pipes to which a plurality of pipes can be connected in sequence.
and a bit 22 located at the bottom, and the discharge port 23 is opened at the top and bottom. In addition, the shaft 2 of the excavation shaft 5 is located at the bottom of the guide rod portion 24 provided on the left side of the leader 6.
An endless reducer 25, which serves as an excavation shaft rotation drive device that is slidably fitted to the shaft 1 and the endless shaft 21 in the vertical direction and provides rotational force to any part of the shaft 21, is fixed in a vertically adjustable manner. Above the machine 25, on the guide rod portion 24 of the leader 6, an excavation shaft press-in force acting device (hereinafter simply referred to as a press-fitting device) 26 is provided, which is movable up and down, for applying a pressing force to the upper end of the rotated excavation shaft 5. A vertical movement mechanism 27 for forcibly moving this press-fitting device 26 up and down is provided along the leader 6.

This vertical movement mechanism 27 rotatably supports sprockets 28 and 29 at the upper and lower ends of the leader 6, and an endless double roller chain 30 connected to the press-fitting device 26 is connected to the sprockets 28 and 29. A chain rotation driving device 31 for rotating the chain 30 is provided at the lower part of the leader 6. This device 31 is a reduction gear driven by a hydraulic motor 32, and a transmission mechanism 3
3, a rotational force selectable in forward and reverse directions is applied to the drive shaft of the sprocket 29 at the lower end of the leader.

As shown in FIG. 2, the endless reducer 2
5, three units are installed in parallel on a common pedestal 36. The endless reducer 25a in the center is fixed to the center of the pedestal 36 with bolts 37, and the endless reducers 25b and 25c on both sides slide along guides 38 provided on the pedestal 36 to connect to the center endless reducer 25a. Then, the distance is adjusted and fixed at the adjusted position using the pin 39. And these three endless reducers 25a, 25b, 25c
Three excavation shafts 5 are inserted through the holes.

As shown in FIG. 3, the guides 38 of the endless reducers 25b and 25c on both sides are provided on both sides of the frame 36, and insertion holes 40 for the pins 39 are bored at predetermined pitches. A fixing position using the pin 39 is selected from among the many insertion holes 40. The mount 36 is vertically movably fitted to the guide rod portion 24 of the leader 6 via a pair of brackets 41, and the mount 36 connects a pulley (not shown) at the upper end of the leader from the winding drum of the base machine 1. After the vertical movement is adjusted by a wire (not shown) hanging down through the wire, it is supported in a fixed position by this wire. As shown in FIG. 3, each of the endless reducers 25a, 25b, and 25c has a regular hexagonal fitting that has the same cross-sectional shape as the hexagonal hollow shaft 21 of the excavation shaft 5 and penetrates in the vertical direction. The endless fitting cylindrical body 4 has an endless fitting cylindrical body 43 that is slidably fitted to the hexagonal hollow shaft 21 in an endless vertical direction through a mating hole 42.
It has a hydraulic motor 44 that rotationally drives 3.

As shown in FIG. 4, the endless fitting cylinder 43 is connected to the casing main body 4 through upper and lower bearings 46 held by upper and lower pressing plates 45.
A large-diameter gear 50 is integrally provided within the casing body 47 and meshes with a small-diameter gear 49 of the shaft 48 of the hydraulic motor 44. The hexagonal shaft 21 inserted into the endless fitting cylinder 43 penetrates downward through the hollow portion 51 of the pedestal 36. The guide 38 on the pedestal 36 and the lower slide plate 52 of the casing body 47 are easily slidably fitted together via a slide surface 53 made of grease or the like, and are fixed by the pin 39 inserted therethrough. The endless reducer 25a in the center is fixed with bolts.

As shown in FIG. 5, the chain 30 is connected between a pair of slide brackets 58 via a connection piece 56 that constitutes a part of the chain 30 and a connection pin 57 inserted therethrough. A pedestal 60 rotatably supports a roller 59 that fits into the guide rod portion 24 of the leader, is movable up and down along the guide rod portion 24, and supports the press-fitting device 26.
It is bolted to the upper and lower mounting portions 61 of the .

As shown in FIG.
The press-fitting device 26a in the center is fixed to the center of the pedestal 60 with a plurality of pins 62, and the press-fitting devices 26b and 26c on both sides are attached to guides (not shown) provided on the pedestal 60. The distance between the central press-fitting device 26a is adjusted by sliding the pins 63 in the horizontal direction, and the plurality of pins 63 are
Fix it by. Note that this press-fitting device 26b, 26
The interval adjustment guide c is formed by providing guides such as guides 38 shown in FIG. 4 at the upper and lower parts of the pedestal 60, respectively.

Returning to FIG. 5, the press-fitting device 26 rotatably supports a swivel shaft 67 by upper and lower tapered roller bearings 66 that are fitted into the upper and lower parts of the main body casing 64 and held by upper and lower pressing plates 65. , a swivel joint 68 is provided at the top of this swivel shaft 67. This swivel joint 68 rotatably fits the upper part of the swivel shaft 67 via the grease supply surface 71 into the lower part of the joint body 70 which is elastically supported by a plurality of springs 69, and 7
Attach the non-rotating side pipe connection part 72 to the upper part of the gasket 7.
3 to connect the inner hole 74 of the swivel shaft 67 and the inner hole 75 of the pipe connecting portion 72 to communicate with each other. The pipe connecting portion 72 is formed by a disk 7 supported by a plurality of rib-like members 76 fixed on an upper presser plate 65.
External supply pipe 7 is bolted to 7 and is used to supply cement milk as a liquid solidifying agent or compressed air to the upper end opening of the excavation shaft 5 through the swivel shaft 67.
8 is connected to this pipe connection part 72. In addition, grease is supplied from a grease nipple 79 into the main body casing 64 to ensure smooth operation of the bearing 66, and an oil seal 80 is fitted between the upper and lower bearing holding plates 65 and the swivel shaft 67 to prevent grease. Prevent external leakage. Further, the upper part of the hexagonal hollow shaft 21 is fitted into the lower part of the swivel shaft 67, and the connecting pin 82 is inserted into the pair of pin insertion grooves 81 on the fitting surface, and the hexagonal hollow shaft 21 and the swivel shaft 67 are connected. to integrate. The press-fitting device 26 shown in FIG. 5 is fixed to the center of the pedestal 60 by the pin 62.

As shown in FIG. 6, the leader orientation variable device 20 includes a support arm-side member 86 rotatably attached to the upper end of the support arm 3 via a horizontal shaft 85.
and a leader side member 88 which is rotatably attached to the upper slider 14 via a horizontal shaft 87, and are rotatably connected via a vertical pivot shaft 89.
Cylinder mounting brackets 90, 91 are provided protruding from the side surfaces of both members 86, 88, and a hydraulic cylinder 92 is interposed between these two brackets 90, 91.

Then, by moving the piston rod 93 of the hydraulic cylinder 92 back and forth, the leader 6 can be rotated about the pivot shaft 89 within a range of ±45 degrees from the neutral position, and the direction of the leader 6 can be changed. . For example, as shown in FIG.
The support arm 3 protruding from the wall is oblique to the wall surface 94 when viewed from above, but by variable adjustment of the direction of the leader 6 around the pivot shaft 89, the support arm 3 is attached to the three press-fitting devices 26 and its lower part. The three endless speed reducers 25 located in the wall can be arranged to face each other in parallel. After changing the direction of the leader 6 in this manner, it is necessary to adjust the pair of hydraulic cylinders 4 that support the lower part of the leader in a figure-of-eight shape to maintain the verticality of the leader 6.

As shown in FIG. 8, the three excavation shafts 5 are
The shafts 5 are rotatably held by a pair of connecting plates 95 which are fitted from both sides and fixed with bolts to form a skewered dumpling shape, thereby maintaining a constant spacing between the respective shafts 5. When adjusting the interval between each shaft 5, use the connecting plate 95.
Remove it and replace it with a suitable connecting plate. Further, the stirring blades 96 provided above the bit 22 and the connecting plate 95 are positioned such that the central excavation shaft is shifted downward from those of the excavation shafts on both sides. This is to prevent adjacent bits 22 and stirring blades 96 from colliding because they have overlapping diameters. The stirring blade 96 is provided to stir soil and cement milk as a liquid solidifying agent in the soil construction method. Further, the discharge port 23 for discharging cement milk, compressed air, etc. to each shaft 5 below the connecting plate 95
The inner hole of the hexagonal hollow shaft 21 is communicated with the discharge port 23. Moreover, the above-mentioned hexagonal hollow shaft 21 is capable of connecting a plurality of shafts in sequence, and in the connecting portion 97 of each shaft 21, a packing 98 is interposed between the inner holes, and a continuous uneven joint portion is formed on the outer peripheral surface. 99 and inserting pins 10 into the upper and lower double fitting portions to connect and fix each shaft 21. Then, by sequentially adding separate hexagonal hollow shafts between the hexagonal hollow shaft 21 at the top of each excavation shaft 5 and the hexagonal hollow shaft 21 below, the total length of the excavation shaft 5 can theoretically be Shaft 2 at the top can be made endlessly long.
The lower part of 1 and below can be inserted underground. The uppermost hexagonal hollow shaft 21 has a connecting portion 10 that fits into the lower outer peripheral surface of the swivel shaft 67 of the press-fitting device 26.
1, and a connecting pin 82 is inserted between the fitting surfaces as shown in FIG.

Returning to FIG. 1, the base machine 1 is detachably equipped with a pressure pump 102 for supplying cement milk, compressed air, etc. to the swivel joint 68 of the press-in device 26 via the external supply pipe 78. , this pump 102 is driven by a hydraulic motor. Note that this pump 102 may be used by lowering it onto the ground.

Furthermore, all of the above-mentioned hydraulic cylinders and hydraulic motors are each connected to a hydraulic power source built into the base machine 1, and the hydraulic pressure of this hydraulic power source drives the hydraulic cylinders to expand and contract, and rotates the hydraulic motor in forward and reverse directions. No external power source is required.

Next, the action will be explained.

Before installing the excavation shaft 5, adjust the movement of the endless reducers 25b, 25c on both sides according to the diameter of the bit 22, and adjust the speed of each endless reducer 25a, 25.
b, 25c, and move and adjust the press-fitting devices 26b, 26c on both sides to adjust the spacing between each press-fitting device 26a, 26b, 26c,
These three sets of upper and lower corresponding press-fitting devices 26
a, 26b, 26c and endless reducer 25a,
Three excavation shafts 5 are attached to 25b and 25c, respectively.

And three endless reducers 2 in fixed positions at the bottom
5, the hydraulic motor 44 drives the deceleration gear 4.
By rotating the endless fitting cylindrical body 43 through the hexagonal hole 42 of the cylindrical body 43, the hexagonal hollow shaft 21 of the excavation shaft 5 fitted into the hexagonal hole 42 of this cylindrical body 43 is rotated, and the lower end of the leader is rotated. The chain 30 is rotated by the chain rotation drive device 31, and the three press fitting devices 26 connected to the chain 30 are driven downward along the leader 6, and the tapered roller bearings 66 in the press fitting devices 26 are rotated. Each of the rotating excavation shafts 5 is forcibly pushed down through the shaft, and is press-fitted into the ground while sliding against the endless fitting cylinder 43 of the endless reducer 25.

At the same time, the pressure pump 102 simultaneously supplies cement milk as a liquid solidifying agent and compressed air to the swivel joint 68 of each press-fitting device 26 through the three external supply pipes 78 . The cement milk or the like is discharged from the discharge port 23 through the inner hole 74 and the inner hole of the excavation shaft 5, and is injected into the excavated soil by the bit 22. At this time, the cement milk is spread to every corner of the excavated soil by the pressurizing action of compressed air. This cement milk is homogeneously mixed with the excavated pulverized soil by the stirring action of stirring blades 96, etc.
It solidifies after a predetermined period of time and is used to improve soft ground, form continuous walls underground, etc.

The three excavation shafts 5 may rotate at the same speed or may rotate at different speeds. For example, it is conceivable that the excavation shaft at the side where the earth pressure resistance is high is driven at high speed by the endless reducer 25b fitted thereto, and the excavation shaft at the central part where the earth pressure resistance is low is driven at a low speed. Further, the press-in speed of these three excavation shafts 5 and the cement milk supply flow rate are linked.
This can be easily done by connecting the hydraulic motor 32 of the chain circulation drive device 31 and the hydraulic motor of the pressure pump 102 in series to a common hydraulic power source of the base machine.

After the excavation shaft 5 is press-fitted until the press-fitting device 26 approaches the endless reducer 25, the hexagonal hollow shaft 21 at the top and the hexagonal hollow shaft 21 below are separated, and the press-fitting device 26 is inserted into the leader. It is pulled up to the upper part, and a separate hexagonal hollow shaft is inserted and connected between the separated shafts 21, 21. By pulling down the press-fitting device 26 again, the bit 22 can be inserted deeper into the ground. By sequentially adding hexagonal hollow shafts to the intermediate portion in this way, the three excavation shafts 5 can be made as long as desired.

Note that the fixed position support of the frame 36 of the endless reducer 25 is released, and the frame 36 of the endless reducer 25 is integrally connected to the lower side of the frame 60 of the press-fitting device 26.
If both are moved up and down integrally by the chain 30, the auger screw can be press-fitted into the ground while applying a rotational force to the upper part of the auger screw as an excavation shaft. In that case, if the three auger screws overlap, it is necessary to drive the three endless reducers 25 to rotate at the same speed.

Further, the hollow shaft 21 of the excavation shaft 5 in each row is 6
Although it is formed from a square pipe, it is not limited thereto, and any hollow elongated member having a continuous corner on the outer surface from the upper end to the lower end may be used, such as a square pipe, a pentagonal pipe, or even a continuous pipe. It may have a spline-shaped outer shape in that it has corners.

[Effect of idea]

According to the present invention, a plurality of excavation shafts are fitted to the lower part of the soda machine so as to be able to freely slide vertically endlessly with the shafts of the plurality of rows of excavation shafts, and to apply rotational force to any part of the shafts in each row. Rotary drive devices are arranged in parallel, and a plurality of excavation shaft press force acting units are provided above the excavation shaft rotation drive device to apply a pressing force to the upper end of each of the rotated excavation shafts via a bearing. Since a vertical movement mechanism is provided along the leader to forcibly move each excavation shaft pressure input device up and down, the excavation shaft rotates when the excavation shaft is press-fitted into the ground. The drive device does not need to be lowered together with the drilling shaft press-in force device from the top of the leader, and can continuously rotate the drilling shaft during its descent in a fixed position at the bottom of the leader. This excavation shaft rotation drive device has a reducer structure and is heavy due to its function of rotating the excavation shaft, but since this excavation shaft rotation drive device can be installed at the bottom of the leader, it has great stability.
Furthermore, between the excavation shaft rotation drive device and the excavation shaft press-fitting action unit device, the shaft of the excavation shaft can be sequentially added according to the depth of insertion into the ground;
Therefore, the above-mentioned replenishment work can be easily performed without the large diameter excavation shaft rotation drive device becoming an obstacle, the reader can be made smaller, and this type of construction can be carried out even when there is a height restriction. I can do it. Furthermore, the vertical movement mechanism provided along the leader allows the excavation shaft to be forced into the ground, which is efficient. In addition, the plurality of excavation shaft rotation drive devices and the plurality of excavation shaft pressure input device devices are respectively arranged in parallel on a common frame, and one device near the center is fixed in a fixed position, and the other devices are fixed in a fixed position. The distance between all the excavation axes can be adjusted without having to move or adjust the one near the center, as the spacing can be adjusted along the guide provided on the mount and fixed at the adjustment position. The diameter of the bit located at the bottom can be easily changed.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing an embodiment of the excavator of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view of its excavation shaft rotation drive device,
Fig. 3 is a plan view thereof, Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line - - in Fig. 3, Fig. 5 is a sectional view of the excavation shaft pressure input device, Fig. 6 is a plan view of the area around the leader, and Fig. 7. 8 is a plan view showing an example of use of the variable leader orientation device, and FIG. 8 is a front view of the excavation shaft. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Base machine, 3, 4... Support arm and hydraulic cylinder as a support member, 5... Excavation shaft, 6... Leader, 21... Shaft, 22...
Bit, 25... Endless reducer as an excavation shaft rotation drive device, 26... Excavation shaft press-in action unit device (press-in device), 27... Vertical movement mechanism, 36, 6
0... Frame, 38... Guide, 66... Bearing.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] In an excavator in which a leader is erected and supported by a support member protruding from a base machine, and the leader guides the vertical movement of multiple rows of excavation shafts, the multiple excavation shafts in each row are sequentially moved. It is formed by a connectable shaft and a bit located at the bottom, and is fitted to the lower part of the leader so as to be able to freely slide vertically endlessly with the shaft of the excavation shaft of each row. A plurality of excavation shaft rotation drive devices that apply rotational force to arbitrary parts of the shafts in the row are installed in parallel, and a bearing is attached to the leader above the excavation shaft rotation drive device at the upper end of each of the excavation shafts to be rotated. A plurality of excavation shaft pressure input force acting devices are provided integrally to be able to move up and down, and a vertical movement mechanism for forcibly moving each excavation shaft pressure input force acting device up and down is installed along the leader. Each of the excavation shaft rotation drive devices and each of the excavation shaft pressure force acting device devices are arranged in parallel on a common pedestal, and one device near the center is fixed in a fixed position, and the others are mounted on the pedestal. A multi-axis space-adjustable excavator characterized in that the distance between the excavators can be adjusted along a provided guide, and the excavator is fixed at the adjusted position.